CN103554667A - 废弃cfrp粉再生利用增强聚丙烯的组合物及其制法 - Google Patents

废弃cfrp粉再生利用增强聚丙烯的组合物及其制法 Download PDF

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CN103554667A
CN103554667A CN201310526442.5A CN201310526442A CN103554667A CN 103554667 A CN103554667 A CN 103554667A CN 201310526442 A CN201310526442 A CN 201310526442A CN 103554667 A CN103554667 A CN 103554667A
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袁角亮
杨斌
王新灵
苏跃增
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Abstract

本发明涉及废弃CFRP粉再生利用增强聚丙烯的组合物及其制法,将废弃的CFRP材料破碎,过筛,得到粒径均匀的废弃CFRP粉末;称取5-40份的废弃CFRP粉末在高混机中干燥处理,然后加入0.1-3份的表面处理剂对CFRP粉末表面处理;称取60-95份聚丙烯,3-20份相容剂,0-20份增韧剂,0.1-0.6份润滑剂,0.1-0.5份抗氧剂,0-20份填料于高混机中,混合均匀,加入到双螺杆机中熔融共混,挤出,水冷,拉条切粒得废弃CFRP增强的PP组合物。与现有技术相比,本发明组合物具有强度高,成本低等优点;同时使废弃的CFRP材料得以重新利用,减少了其对环境的污染,增加了其附加值,节约了资源。

Description

废弃CFRP粉再生利用增强聚丙烯的组合物及其制法
技术领域
本发明属于高分子材料回收技术领域,具体涉及一种废弃碳纤维复合材料粉再生利用增强聚丙烯的组合物及其制备方法。
背景技术
碳纤维复合材料(CFRP)具有质轻、高强度、高模量等优异的性能,是其他玻璃纤维增强复合材料所无法比拟的,因此被广泛的应用于航空航天、汽车工业、轨道交通、新能源、体育用品等高新技术产业领域。随着经济的高速发展,CFRP在各个领域的使用量迅猛增长,所产生的废弃树脂也与日俱增,而废弃的CFRP中的成分都不可降解,若直接丢弃到环境中的话,一方面会给环境带来严重的污染;另一方面,这些废弃的CFRP中往往含有高附加值碳纤维,而碳纤维的生产是一个高耗能的过程,若不加以回收利用也将造成资源的严重浪费。
聚丙烯(PP)作为一种通用塑料,由于其具有密度低,机械性能和加工性能优异,且价格便宜等优点,已被广泛的应用于汽车,家电,电器等领域。而纯PP树脂由于其强度,硬度,尺寸稳定性和耐热性等性能往往存在些不足,需要对其改性方能将其应用于上述领域。为了改善PP的这些性能,目前常用的方法是通过采用玻璃纤维增强聚丙烯或采用无机填料如碳酸钙,滑石粉等来填充改性聚丙烯,如专利CN1125127所述。而玻璃纤维或无机填料密度较大,填充改性PP后得到组合物密度也随之大幅增加,这会导致产品的市场竞争力下降,同时,受玻璃纤维或无机填料本身性能限制,采用玻纤或无机填料增强改性的PP性能提高有限,在一些性能要求较高的场合应用将受限制。
发明内容
本发明的目的就是为了克服上述现有技术存在的缺陷而提供一种强度高,成本低的废弃碳纤维复合材料粉再生利用增强聚丙烯的组合物及其制备方法。
本发明的目的可以通过以下技术方案来实现:一种废弃碳纤维复合材料粉再生利用增强聚丙烯的组合物,其特征在于,该组合物包含以下重量份的组分制成:
所述的聚丙烯为均聚聚丙烯或共聚聚丙烯。
所述的废弃CFRP粉末为将废弃的CFRP材料破碎所得,优选破碎后的粒径在40-400目之间的废弃CFRP粉末。
所述的表面处理剂为硅烷偶联剂、钛酸酯偶联剂、铝酸酯偶联剂中的一种或一种以上。由于废弃CFRP粉末的主要成分是碳纤维和树脂基体,树脂基体尤其以热固性树脂居多,其与聚丙烯表面的极性相差较大,所以两者的相容性差,采用表面处理剂对废弃CFRP粉末处理后可提高其表面极性,改善其与填充树脂的相容性。
所述的相容剂为马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯(PP-g-MAH),丙烯酸接枝聚丙烯(PP-g-AA)中的一种或一种以上。相容剂的一端带有活性反应基团,可以与表面改性后的废弃CFRP粉末表面的活性基团发生化学反应,使废弃CFRP粉末与相容剂形成化学键相连,同时相容剂另一端为PP,与基体PP具有很好的相容性,这样可以改善废弃CFRP粉末与基体PP的相容性。
所述的增韧剂为乙烯-辛烯共聚物(POE)、三元乙丙橡胶(EPDM)、丁苯橡胶(SBS)、乙丙橡胶(EPR)中的一种或一种以上。增韧剂可以改善组合物的韧性,提高其抗冲击性能,但是增韧剂含量过多会使组合物的强度下降,弯曲模量降低,除非对材料韧性要求较高的产品,否则增韧剂含量不宜过多。
所述的润滑剂为硬脂酸、硬脂酸锌、聚乙烯腊、白油中的一种或一种以上;
所述的抗氧剂为抗氧剂1010、抗氧剂1076、抗氧剂1098、抗氧剂168中的一种或一种以上;
所述的填料为碳酸钙、滑石粉、云母、蒙脱土等无机填料,优选粒径为800-3000目。填料添加量不宜过大,否则将会使组合物的性能下降较大。
一种废弃碳纤维复合材料粉再生利用增强聚丙烯的组合物的制备方法,其特征在于,该方法包括以下步骤:
(1)将废弃的CFRP材料破碎,过筛,得到粒径均匀的废弃CFRP粉末;
(2)按上述配比,称取5-40份的废弃CFRP粉末在高混机中干燥处理,然后加入0.1-3份的表面处理剂对CFRP粉末表面处理;
(3)再按配比称取60-95份聚丙烯,3-20份相容剂,0-20份增韧剂,0.1-0.6份润滑剂,0.1-0.5份抗氧剂,0-20份填料于高混机中,混合均匀。
(4)将步骤(3)混合均匀的原料加入到双螺杆机中熔融共混,挤出,水冷,拉条切粒得废弃CFRP增强的PP组合物。
步骤(2)中所述的高混机的干燥温度为80-120℃,干燥时间为10-30min。
步骤(4)中所述的双螺杆挤出机为同向或异向双螺杆挤出机,挤出机温度为180-230℃,螺杆转速为100-350rpm,螺杆长径比L/D为30-50:1。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有以下有益效果:
本发明所提供的废弃CFRP增强PP组合物不仅具有优异的力学性能,而且加工工艺简单,易于工业化生产;同时,本发明采用废弃的CFRP材料回收再利用,不仅减少了废弃的CFRP材料对环境造成的污染,而且增加了CFRP材料的再利用价值,节约资源;另外,利用廉价的废弃CFRP材料制备得到了高性能的PP复合材料,克服了现有技术为得到高性能PP复合材料而制备成本高的瓶颈,所得的组合物可广泛的应用于汽车、电子产品、机械、家电等产品的零部件。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明进行详细说明。
以下实施例中,拉伸性能测试标准为ASTM D638,弯曲性能测试标准为ASTMD790,Izod缺口冲击强度测试标准为ASTM D256。
实施例1
(1)将废弃CFRP材料破碎,过筛得40目的废弃CFRP粉末。
(2)称取10份废弃CFRP粉末于高混机中80℃干燥30min,然后加入0.1份硅烷偶联剂KH550表面处理废弃CFRP粉末。
(3)称取90份均聚聚丙烯,3份PP-g-MAH,0.1份硬脂酸,0.3份抗1010,0.1份抗168,20份800目碳酸钙于高混机中混合均匀。
(4)将混合均匀的原料加入双螺杆挤出机中,熔融共混,挤出,拉条切粒得所需的废弃CFRP粉末增强PP组合物,双螺杆挤出机各区温度为:一区180℃,二区190℃,三区200℃,四区200℃,五区210℃,六区210℃,七区220℃,八区220℃,九区230℃,十区230℃,机头225℃;螺杆转速350rpm,长径比L/D=30/1。
实施例2
(1)将废弃CFRP材料破碎,过筛得200目的废弃CFRP粉末。
(2)称取20份废弃CFRP粉末于高混机中100℃干燥20min,然后加入1份硅烷偶联剂KH560表面处理废弃CFRP粉末。
(3)称取80份共聚聚丙烯,10份PP-g-AA,10份POE,0.3份硬脂酸锌,0.3份抗1076,0.2份抗168,5份2500目滑石粉于高混机中混合均匀。
(4)将混合均匀的原料加入双螺杆挤出机中,熔融共混,挤出,拉条切粒得所需的废弃CFRP粉末增强PP组合物,双螺杆挤出机各区温度为:一区180℃,二区190℃,三区200℃,四区200℃,五区210℃,六区210℃,七区220℃,八区220℃,九区230℃,十区230℃,机头225℃;螺杆转速250rpm,长径比L/D=40/1。
实施例3
(1)将废弃CFRP材料破碎,过筛得400目的废弃CFRP粉末。
(2)称取40份废弃CFRP粉末于高混机中120℃干燥10min,然后加入3份钛酸酯偶联剂异丙基三异十八酰钛酸酯表面处理废弃CFRP粉末。
(3)称取60份共聚聚丙烯,15份PP-g-MAH,20份EPDM,0.6份聚乙烯腊,0.3份抗1098,0.2份抗168于高混机中混合均匀。
(4)将混合均匀的原料加入双螺杆挤出机中,熔融共混,挤出,拉条切粒得所需的废弃CFRP粉末增强PP组合物,双螺杆挤出机各区温度为:一区180℃,二区190℃,三区200℃,四区200℃,五区210℃,六区210℃,七区220℃,八区220℃,九区230℃,十区230℃,机头225℃;螺杆转速100rpm,长径比L/D=50/1。
实施例4
(1)将废弃CFRP材料破碎,过筛得80目的废弃CFRP粉末。
(2)称取30份废弃CFRP粉末于高混机中120℃干燥10min,然后加入2份钛酸酯偶联剂异丙基三(十二烷基苯磺酰基)钛酸酯表面处理废弃CFRP粉末。
(3)称取70份共聚聚丙烯,15份PP-g-MAH,5份SBS,0.5份白油,0.3份抗1010,0.1份抗168,5份1250目蒙脱土于高混机中混合均匀。
(4)将混合均匀的原料加入双螺杆挤出机中,熔融共混,挤出,拉条切粒得所需的废弃CFRP粉末增强PP组合物,双螺杆挤出机各区温度为:一区180℃,二区190℃,三区200℃,四区200℃,五区210℃,六区210℃,七区220℃,八区220℃,九区230℃,十区230℃,机头225℃;螺杆转速300rpm,长径比L/D=40/1。
实施例5
(1)将废弃CFRP材料破碎,过筛得200目的废弃CFRP粉末。
(2)称取20份废弃CFRP粉末于高混机中120℃干燥10min,然后加入2份铝酸酯偶联剂二硬脂酰氧异丙基铝酸酯表面处理废弃CFRP粉末。
(3)称取80份均聚聚丙烯,15份PP-g-MAH,5份EPR,0.5份白油,0.3份抗1010,0.1份抗168,10份1250目云母于高混机中混合均匀。
(4)将混合均匀的原料加入双螺杆挤出机中,熔融共混,挤出,拉条切粒得所需的废弃CFRP粉末增强PP组合物,双螺杆挤出机各区温度为:一区180℃,二区190℃,三区200℃,四区200℃,五区210℃,六区210℃,七区220℃,八区220℃,九区230℃,十区230℃,机头225℃;螺杆转速300rpm,长径比L/D=40/1。
各实施例力学性能测试结果如下表1所示:
表1力学性能测试结果
Figure BDA0000405086820000051
从上表中力学性能测试结果分析可知,采用废弃CFRP增强的PP组合物强度高,力学性能优异,符合对性能要求较高的场合使用。
实施例6
(1)将废弃CFRP材料破碎,过筛得200目的废弃CFRP粉末。
(2)称取5废弃CFRP粉末于高混机中120℃干燥10min,然后加入0.1份偶联剂二硬脂酰氧异丙基铝酸酯表面处理废弃CFRP粉末。
(3)称取95份共聚聚丙烯,20份PP-g-MAH,5份EPR,0.5份白油,0.3份抗1010,0.2份抗168,10份1250目云母于高混机中混合均匀。
(4)将混合均匀的原料加入双螺杆挤出机中,熔融共混,挤出,拉条切粒得所需的废弃CFRP粉末增强PP组合物,双螺杆挤出机各区温度为:一区180℃,二区190℃,三区200℃,四区200℃,五区210℃,六区210℃,七区220℃,八区220℃,九区230℃,十区230℃,机头225℃;螺杆转速300rpm,长径比L/D=40/1。
上述的对实施例的描述是为便于该技术领域的普通技术人员能理解和应用本发明。熟悉本领域技术的人员显然可以容易地对实施例做出各种修改,并把此说明的一般原理应用到其他实施例中而不必经过创造性的劳动。因此,本发明不限于这里的实施例,本领域技术人员根据本发明的揭示,不脱离本发明范畴所做出的改进和修改都应该在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

1.一种废弃碳纤维复合材料粉再生利用增强聚丙烯的组合物,其特征在于,该组合物包含以下重量份的组分制成:
Figure FDA0000405086810000011
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种废弃碳纤维复合材料粉再生利用增强聚丙烯的组合物,其特征在于,所述的聚丙烯为均聚聚丙烯或共聚聚丙烯。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种废弃碳纤维复合材料粉再生利用增强聚丙烯的组合物,其特征在于,所述的废弃CFRP粉末为将废弃的CFRP材料破碎所得,优选破碎后的粒径在40-400目之间的废弃CFRP粉末。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种废弃碳纤维复合材料粉再生利用增强聚丙烯的组合物,其特征在于,所述的表面处理剂为硅烷偶联剂、钛酸酯偶联剂、铝酸酯偶联剂中的一种或一种以上。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种废弃碳纤维复合材料粉再生利用增强聚丙烯的组合物,其特征在于,所述的相容剂为马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯(PP-g-MAH),丙烯酸接枝聚丙烯(PP-g-AA)中的一种或一种以上。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种废弃碳纤维复合材料粉再生利用增强聚丙烯的组合物,其特征在于,所述的增韧剂为乙烯-辛烯共聚物(POE)、三元乙丙橡胶(EPDM)、丁苯橡胶(SBS)、乙丙橡胶(EPR)中的一种或一种以上。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种废弃碳纤维复合材料粉再生利用增强聚丙烯的组合物,其特征在于,所述的润滑剂为硬脂酸、硬脂酸锌、聚乙烯腊、白油中的一种或一种以上;
所述的抗氧剂为抗氧剂1010、抗氧剂1076、抗氧剂1098、抗氧剂168中的一种或一种以上;
所述的填料为碳酸钙、滑石粉、云母、蒙脱土等无机填料,优选粒径为800-3000目。
8.一种如权利要求1所述的一种废弃碳纤维复合材料粉再生利用增强聚丙烯的组合物的制备方法,其特征在于,该方法包括以下步骤:
(1)将废弃的CFRP材料破碎,过筛,得到粒径均匀的废弃CFRP粉末;
(2)按上述配比,称取5-40份的废弃CFRP粉末在高混机中干燥处理,然后加入0.1-3份的表面处理剂对CFRP粉末表面处理;
(3)再按配比称取60-95份聚丙烯,3-20份相容剂,0-20份增韧剂,0.1-0.6份润滑剂,0.1-0.5份抗氧剂,0-20份填料于高混机中,混合均匀。
(4)将步骤(3)混合均匀的原料加入到双螺杆机中熔融共混,挤出,水冷,拉条切粒得废弃CFRP增强的PP组合物。
9.根据权利要求8所述的一种废弃碳纤维复合材料粉再生利用增强聚丙烯的组合物的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)中所述的高混机的干燥温度为80-120℃,干燥时间为10-30min。
10.根据权利要求8所述的一种废弃碳纤维复合材料粉再生利用增强聚丙烯的组合物的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(4)中所述的双螺杆挤出机为同向或异向双螺杆挤出机,挤出机温度为180-230℃,螺杆转速为100-350rpm,螺杆长径比L/D为30-50:1。
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