CN104366008A - Preparation and application for growth-promoting formula with bamboo vinegar replacing forage antibiotic - Google Patents
Preparation and application for growth-promoting formula with bamboo vinegar replacing forage antibiotic Download PDFInfo
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- CN104366008A CN104366008A CN201410250682.1A CN201410250682A CN104366008A CN 104366008 A CN104366008 A CN 104366008A CN 201410250682 A CN201410250682 A CN 201410250682A CN 104366008 A CN104366008 A CN 104366008A
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Abstract
The invention relates to preparation and application for a growth-promoting formula with bamboo vinegar replacing a forage antibiotic. The formula is characterized in that the formula comprises the following nutrient levels: daily ration (earlier stage/later stage) comprises 20-23%/19.41% of crude protein, 12.56MJ/kg/13.34MJ/kg of metabolic energy, 0.97%/0.81% of calcium, 1.18%/0.81% of lysine and 0.5%/0.81% of methionine; and the nutrient levels in the above mixed formula can be obtained by proportioning the following raw materials according to the following usage amount (earlier stage/later stage): 55.1%/60.8% of corn, 32.2%/23.7% of bean meal, 4.5%/5.5% of corn protein powder, 3.2%/5% of bean oil, 5% of a premix, 1% of bamboo vinegar, and 7.5-25mg/kg of aureomycin. The growth-promoting formula in which the bamboo vinegar is utilized for replacing forage antibiotic has extremely good effect for replacing antibiotic, improving production performance and reducing ammonia gas in faeces.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to animal and fowl fodder field, relate to and a kind ofly with the addition of making and the application thereof that bamboo vinegar substitutes the feed formula of fodder antibiotics.
Background technology
Since antibiotic is found, the disease that many microorganisms cause is not again by people are worried, therefore medical technology also occurs huge leap.Antibiotic has so many benefit, and therefore people not only cure the disease with it, also prevent Animal diseases used as feed addictive, promotes growth of animal.Antibiotic growth promotion mechanism is just thorough to study as far back as the mid-80, mainly comprises following 4 kinds of mechanism 1, suppresses asymptomatic infection; 2, microorganism is reduced to the utilization of nutritional labeling; 3, make animal intestine wall thinning, increase animal to the absorption of nutrition and utilization; 4, harmful microbe metabolite is reduced.Although antibiotic has made very large contribution to animal productiong, but along with long-term and a large amount of use antibiotic blindly, to the tremendous influence that human health and animal husbandry are brought, this produces to poultry industry and research work proposes new requirement, find the disease effectively can not only preventing and treating livestock and poultry exactly, and can growth of animal be promoted, the most important thing is safe noresidue, the additive had no drug resistance carrys out substitute antibiotics.
Bamboo vinegar (bamboo vinegar), also known as bamboo vinegar liquid, be bamboo wood and industrial wood waste destructive distillation thereof, carbonize the flue gas of generation through condensation, cooling, and obtain after divided gas flow and tar there is sootiness (perfume) taste, containing the acidic liquid of more than the 200 kind of organic principles such as organic acid and tens of kinds of mineral matters.Its pH value 2 ~ 3, main component organic acid, phenols, ketone, alcohols etc., acetic acid is topmost composition, accounts for 60%.Bamboo vinegar all has stronger antibacterial and bactericidal action to bacterium and fungi, but antibacterial, bactericidal effect exists certain difference, putting in order as der Pilz > bacterium class > budding fungus of inhibition.The bactericidal mechanism more complicated of bamboo vinegar, formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, benzoic acid in its constituent organic acid; Phenol in aldehydes matter, 2-methylphenol and some aldehyde materials etc. all have bactericidal action, although other constituent contents are not high in addition to acetic acid, the synergy between these compositions may substantially increase the bactericidal effect of bamboo vinegar.The opposing of bamboo vinegar to drug tolerant bacteria and virus has remarkable result.The research of Baimark and Niamsa shows that bamboo vinegar shows the antibiotic rate higher than acetic acid and formic acid in vitro, and the phenolic compound in bamboo vinegar has antibacterial action too.In addition, the research of Nomura finds that the Escherichia coli 0-157 that bamboo vinegar antagonism is very strong has good bactericidal effect.The resistance of bacterium and virus can increase due to reasons such as pharmacological dependences, and therefore bacterium and the viral medicine for one-component easily develop immunity to drugs, and then not easily develop immunity to drugs for as this multicomponent mixture of bamboo vinegar.Research display bamboo vinegar has good fungistatic effect, and be 3.13%-6.25% to the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of Escherichia coli and staphylococcus aureus, its fungistatic effect is better than commercially available several conventional feeding antibiotic in addition.Research display bamboo vinegar before may have the effect of substitute antibiotics, therefore, a kind of bamboo vinegar is developed on the basis of lot of experiments research and substitutes fodder antibiotics growth promotion formula, this daily ration is better than for the effect improving meat chicken production performance the aureomycin adding 25mg/kg.Significantly can also reduce the content of ammonia in ight soil in addition, this is for the ammonia nitrogen discharge capacity reduced in breeding process thus improve breeding environment and have remarkable effect.
Summary of the invention
Antibiotic is too dependent on for the breeding process proposed in background technology, abuse of antibiotics causes bacterial drug resistance to be increased and food-safety problem such as to take place frequently at the problem, a kind of bamboo vinegar is the object of the present invention is to provide to substitute fodder antibiotics growth promotion formula, by the research of bamboo vinegar In Vitro Bacteriostasis effect and compare with the fungistatic effect of commercially available common antibiotics.In conjunction with the result of study in early stage, determine to add to the content of bamboo vinegar in daily ration of broiler, thus according to NRC1994 standard preparation feed formula, by to meat chicken production performance, Immune Organs Index, Biochemical Indices In Serum, alimentary canal and Chyme pH, and digestive enzyme activity in chyme, in ight soil, these aspects of ammonia level are to the feasibility of this formula.
Object of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions
A kind of bamboo vinegar substitutes fodder antibiotics growth promotion formula, it is characterized in that comprising following nutrient and level, in earlier stage daily ration: crude protein 20-23%, metabolizable energy 12.56MJ/kg, calcium 0.97%, available phosphorus 0.33%, lysine 1.18%, methionine 0.5%, methionine+cystine 0.87%.Raw material is obtained by following collocation method by the gentle ratio of the nutrient water in above-mentioned mixed feed: corn 55.1%, dregs of beans 32.2%, corn protein powder 4.5%, soya-bean oil 3.2%, premix 5%, bamboo vinegar 1%, aureomycin 7.5-25mg/kg.
Later stage daily ration: crude protein 19.41%, metabolizable energy 13.34MJ/kg, calcium 0.81%, available phosphorus 0.39%, lysine 1.06%, methionine 0.43%, methionine+cystine 0.76%.Raw material is obtained by following collocation method by above-mentioned mixed feed Middle nutrition element level and ratio: corn 60.8%, dregs of beans 23.7, corn protein powder 5.5%, soya-bean oil 5%, premix 5%, bamboo vinegar 1%, aureomycin 7.5-25mg/kg.
A kind of bamboo vinegar in the present invention is substituted the method that fodder antibiotics growth promotion formula makes mixed feed and can be realized by following processing technology and step
The preferred weight percent that a kind of bamboo vinegar of the present invention substitutes each component in fodder antibiotics growth promotion formula gets daily ration in early stage: corn 55.1%, dregs of beans 32.2%, corn protein powder 4.5%, soya-bean oil 3.2%, premix 5%, bamboo vinegar 1%, aureomycin 7.5-25mg/kg; Later stage daily ration: corn 60.8%, dregs of beans 23.7, corn protein powder 5.5%, soya-bean oil 5%, premix 5%, bamboo vinegar 1%, aureomycin 7.5-25mg/kg.Nutritional labeling kind in this feed and proportion of composing are daily ration in early stage: crude protein 20 ~ 23%, metabolizable energy 12.56MJ/kg, calcium 0.97%, available phosphorus 0.33%, lysine 1.18%, methionine 0.5%, methionine+cystine 0.87%; Later stage daily ration: crude protein 19.41%, metabolizable energy 13.34MJ/kg, calcium 0.81%, available phosphorus 0.39%, lysine 1.06%, methionine 0.43%, methionine+cystine 0.76%.A kind of bamboo vinegar substitutes fodder antibiotics growth promotion formula and makes mixed feed, carries out preliminary premixed by corn protein powder, soya-bean oil, premix, bamboo vinegar and aureomycin, and then puts into mixing machine and corn-soybean meal is mixed together evenly.
Beneficial effect of the present invention
This formula filters out comparatively suitable bamboo vinegar addition on the basis of this laboratory early-stage Study, under this addition, feed can not be too high and cause the loss of nutriment due to moisture, can not produce therefore and produce go mouldy, and daily ration pH value reduces, and plays good regulating action to young animal gastric acid secretion deficiency.Substitute our the highest addition of aureomycin part in addition and selected the aureomycin of 25mg/kg, under this concentration, its remaining lower than 0.05mg/kg in chicken body, meets residual safety standard.
Through being analyzed mensuration with the formula and nutritional labeling of commercially available broiler chickens mixed feed; prove this mixed feed have the following advantages (one) reduce antibiotic use amount in livestock and poultry cultivation process; for preserving the ecological environment, improving food security has positive effect.(2) China's bamboo resource enriches, and its kind of growth cycle be short, it is fast to become a useful person, upgrade easily, power of regeneration is strong, and be easy to realize sustainable production, its value is day by day by people are paid attention to.Bamboo vinegar raw materials for production enrich, cheap and easy to get, belong to natural prodcuts.Through the analysis of broiler feeding experiment and conventional index, prove this feed formula have the following advantages (one) improve meat chicken production performance Shortening culturing period and Time To Market, increase raiser's income.(2) can significantly reduce alimentary canal pH value, increase digestive enzyme activity in chyme, and then improve production performance.(3) significantly can reduce the content of ammonia in ight soil, improve breeding environment.(4) substitute a certain proportion of aureomycin, be conducive to healthy aquaculture.
Bamboo vinegar used in this formula is bamboo wood and industrial wood waste destructive distillation thereof, carbonizes the flue gas of generation through condensation, cooling, and obtain after divided gas flow and tar there is sootiness (perfume) taste, containing the acidic liquid of more than the 200 kind of organic principles such as organic acid and tens of kinds of mineral matters.Containing acids: formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, isobutyric acid, valeric acid; Phenols: guaiacol, paracresol (C6H5OH), to cresols (C6H5OH), 2-methoxyl group-4 cresols, orthoresol (C6H5OH), ethyl guaiacol; Aldehydes: 2-Furan Aldehydes, furfural, tetrahydroxy furfural (wherein not containing formaldehyde); Alcohols (wherein not containing methyl alcohol), lipid etc.; Not containing harmful substances such as 3-4 BaP, dioxin.Not containing aflatoxins clostridium botulinum staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus etc.; Density g/mL≤1.010; PH value 2.3 ~ 2.8; Index of refraction (Brix) 2.5 ~ 4.0; Total acid % >=5.0; Dissolved tar≤0.12.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing 1 is bamboo vinegar to the fungistatic effect figure of Escherichia coli and staphylococcus aureus.
Accompanying drawing 2 is fungistatic effect comparison diagrams of bamboo vinegar and four kinds of feeding antibiotics.
Accompanying drawing 3 be bamboo vinegar and aureomycin to broiler chicken Immune Organs Index effect diagram, n=12.
Accompanying drawing 4 is that bamboo vinegar and aureomycin are to serum of broilers biochemical figure, * P < 0.05; * P < 0.01, * * * P < 0.001, n=12.
Accompanying drawing 5 be bamboo vinegar and aureomycin to ammonia generation effect diagram in fermentation poultry dung, * * P < 0.01, * * * P < 0.001 (comparing with 25mg/kg aureomycin group), n=6.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1
Escherichia coli (Escherichia coli) and staphylococcus aureus (Staphyloccocus aureus) are provided by animal medicine institute of Agricultural University Of Nanjing.Wherein E. coli bacteria type is 452 and 048, and S. aureus bacterium type is 563 and 187.
4 kinds of Escherichia coli and staphylococcus aureus are transferred in LB culture medium (50 μ L bacterium liquid+5mLLB culture medium), after shaking table cultivates 5 hours, be dispensed in 2mL pipe, centrifugal 4 minutes of 5000g, wash-out changes new culture medium after removing LB culture medium far away.Use ELIASA to measure OD600 value, calculate bacterial population in bacterium liquid, be then diluted to 1 × 10 with LB culture medium
8cFU/mL.
According to antibiotic usage standard and its recommendation consumption in broiler production, i.e. aureomycin 50-100mg/kg, flavomycoin 1-5mg/kg, Bacitracin Zinc 25-50mg/kg, 4 kinds of feeding antibiotic dilutions are 2 times that recommend research on maximum utilized quantity by colistine sulfate 2-20mg/kg.
Aureomycin (15%) Jinhe Biotechnology Co., Ltd. produces, and dissolves with the hydrochloric acid solution of 0.1mol/L, then to be diluted to active constituent content with aqua sterilisa be 100mg/kg;
Flavomycoin (4%) Zhong Mu group produces, and dissolves with the hydrochloric acid solution of 0.1mol/L, then to be diluted to active constituent content with aqua sterilisa be 10mg/kg;
Bacitracin Zinc (10%) Tianjin nova animal pharmaceutical factory produces, and dissolves with the hydrochloric acid solution of 0.1mol/L, then to be diluted to active constituent content with aqua sterilisa be 200mg/kg;
((10%) Tianjin nova animal pharmaceutical factory produces colistine sulfate, dissolves with the hydrochloric acid solution of 0.1mol/L, then to be diluted to active constituent content with aqua sterilisa be 40mg/kg.
Above-mentioned solution aperture is be put in 4 DEG C of refrigerators after the bacteria filter bacteriological filtration of 0.2 μm to preserve.
In the 96 each holes of hole micro plate, add 100 μ L LB liquid mediums, after first row ensures to add bamboo vinegar, cumulative volume is 200 μ L, mixes, take out mixed liquor 100 μ L from the 1st hole, add in the 2nd hole, mix, mixed liquor 100 μ L is taken out from the 2nd hole, add in the 3rd hole, mix ... doubling dilution successively, until the 9th hole, from the 9th hole, take out mixed liquor 100 μ L, discard.Be that the bacteria suspension of 1 × 108CFU/mL adds in the 96 each holes of hole micro plate containing different pharmaceutical concentration by above-mentioned concentration, every hole 100 μ L, puts 30 DEG C of incubator static gas wave refrigerator 24h.Absorbance is measured at 600nm place.
50 μ L LB liquid mediums are added in the 96 each holes of hole micro plate, then the feeding antibiotic adding 50 μ L bamboo vinegars respectively He handle well is carried, be that the bacteria suspension of 1 × 108CFU/mL adds in the 96 each holes of hole micro plate containing different pharmaceutical concentration by above-mentioned concentration, every hole 100 μ L, puts 30 DEG C of incubator static gas wave refrigerator 24h.Absorbance is measured at 600nm place.
Embodiment 2
A kind of bamboo vinegar provided by the invention substitutes the percentage by weight daily ration in early stage of each component in fodder antibiotics growth promotion formula: corn 55.1%, dregs of beans 32.2%, corn protein powder 4.5%, soya-bean oil 3.2%, premix 5%, bamboo vinegar 1%, aureomycin; Later stage daily ration: corn 60.8%, dregs of beans 23.7, corn protein powder 5.5%, soya-bean oil 5%, premix 5%, bamboo vinegar 1%, aureomycin.Wherein compound premix all herds animal Technological research institute purchased from Nanjing, Jiangsu Province China, and bamboo vinegar is purchased from Jiangyin Zhong Ju Bioisystech Co., Ltd.
The present invention carries a kind of bamboo vinegar and substitutes the method that fodder antibiotics growth promotion formula makes mixed feed and carry out according to the following steps
A, the requirement substituting each weight percentages of components in fodder antibiotics growth promotion formula according to bamboo vinegar take above-mentioned all feeds raw material;
B, corn and the maximum raw material of dregs of beans two kinds of consumptions are put into mixing machine be uniformly mixed;
C, corn protein powder, soya-bean oil, premix, bamboo vinegar and aureomycin are carried out preliminary premixed, and then put into mixing machine and corn-soybean meal is mixed together evenly.
D, pack for subsequent use.
Embodiment 3
Adopt single-factor completely random design experiment, 240 age in days healthy AA broiler chicken are divided into 5 processed group at random, first group is added 25mg/kg aureomycin on basal diet basis, and feeding antibiotic (aureomycin) 7.5mg/kg, 12.5mg/kg, 17.5mg/kg, 25mg/kg are added in the basis that rear Four composition does not add the suitableeest addition (1%) that test one is determined in basal diet.6 repetitions are established in each process, each repetition 8 chickens.Basal diet is with reference to NRC1994 standard preparation, and experimental period is 42 days, 0-21 age in days feeding dorking daily ration in early stage, 22-42 age in days feeding dorking later stage daily ration.
Before entering young bird, hen house thoroughly cleaned, sterilize.Test chicken adopts and raises in cages, period 24h illumination (natural lighting on daytime, night, incandescent light shone), free choice feeding and drinking-water.Hen house 1-7d temperature controls at about 32 DEG C, and later temperature is adjusted downward to room temperature gradually.In test 12d carry out newcastle disease, infectious bronchitis of chicken and gumboro disease three multivalent inactivated vaccine and bird flu immunity, immunization ways adopts neck dorsal subcutaneous injection, the state of mind of chicken group is observed, record test broiler chicken feed intake, extremely superseded situation in test.
1. bamboo vinegar compares with other feeding antibiotic fungistatic effects
1.1 bamboo vinegars are to the fungistatic effect of Escherichia coli and staphylococcus aureus
Bamboo vinegar to the fungistatic effect of Escherichia coli (563 and 187) and staphylococcus aureus (452 and 048) as Fig. 1, bamboo vinegar is better than staphylococcus aureus to colibacillary fungistatic effect as shown in Figure 1, and minimal inhibitory concentration is about 3.13%-6.25%.
The fungistatic effect of 1.2 4 kinds of feeding antibiotics compares
Bamboo vinegar (50%) compares as Fig. 2 with Bacitracin Zinc (100mg/kg), flavomycoin (5mg/kg), aureomycin (100mg/kg), the fungistatic effect of colistine sulfate (20mg/kg) to Escherichia coli (563 and 187) and staphylococcus aureus (452 and 048), and the fungistatic effect of bamboo vinegar is better than four kinds of feeding antibiotics as shown in Figure 2.
2. cultivate interpretation of result
2.1 impacts on meat chicken production performance
From table 1-1, add bamboo vinegar (BV) and a certain proportion of aureomycin in daily ration of broiler and only add compared with aureomycin, body weight gains increases all to some extent, wherein tests the full phase (0-6 week) 1%BV+7.5mg/kg aureomycin group Broiler Chicken weightening finish and is significantly higher than 25mg/kg aureomycin group (P < 0.05); At 3 stage feed-weight ratio without significant difference (P > 0.05).
Table 1-1 bamboo vinegar and aureomycin are on Broiler Chicken weightening finish and the impact of feed-weight ratio
Note
a, bcolleague's shoulder different letter representation significant difference of mark (P < 0.65); * P < 0.05; NS represents that each group of difference is not remarkable; N=6.
2.2 impacts on broiler chicken immune organ
Fig. 3 is shown in bamboo vinegar and the impact of aureomycin on broiler chicken immune organ, the aureomycin adding bamboo vinegar and different proportion as shown in Figure 3 with only add compared with aureomycin, Thymus and spleen index all has rising, and wherein 1%BV+17.5mg/kg aureomycin group thymus index is significantly higher than 25mg/kg aureomycin group (P < 0.05); 1%BV+7.5mg/kg aureomycin group index and spleen index is significantly higher than 25mg/kg aureomycin group (P < 0.05).In addition except 1%BV+25mg/kg aureomycin group bursal index, other bursal index of several groups are all higher than 25mg/kg aureomycin group, but difference is not significantly (P > 0.05).
2.3 impacts on serum of broilers biochemical indicator
Fig. 4 is shown in bamboo vinegar and the impact of aureomycin on broiler chicken immune organ, adding 1% bamboo vinegar as shown in Figure 4 in daily ration of broiler makes total serum protein and globulin content reduce, albumin content raises, and compared with 25mg/kg aureomycin group, in 1%BV+12.5mg/kg aureomycin group serum, total protein significantly reduces (P < 0.05), in 1%BV+12.5mg/kg aureomycin group serum, globulin extremely significantly reduces (P < 0.01), in 1%BV+25mg/kg aureomycin group serum, globulin significantly reduces (P < 0.05).In serum, amylase activity change is without evident regularity, but two amylase activities that with the addition of 25mg/kg aureomycin are the highest.
2.4 impacts on ammonia generation in fermentation poultry dung
Bamboo vinegar and aureomycin is added on the impact of ammonia generation in broiler fermentation chicken manure as shown in Figure 5 in order grain, add ammonia level in bamboo vinegar after fermentation chicken manure in daily ration all to reduce, compared with 25mg/kg aureomycin group, in 1%BV+12.5mg/kg aureomycin group fermentation poultry dung, ammonia level extremely significantly reduces (P < 0.01), and in 1%BV+7.5mg/kg aureomycin group and 1%BV+25mg/kg aureomycin group fermentation poultry dung, ammonia level extremely significantly reduces (P < 0.001).
The above results shows, bamboo vinegar can Substitute For Partial aureomycin, when in this feed formula, aureomycin addition is 7.5mg/kg, production performance is better, be better than other additions, in ight soil, ammonia level is also remarkable in other groups, therefore determines that this formula is for daily ration in early stage: corn 55.1%, dregs of beans 32.2%, corn protein powder 4.5%, soya-bean oil 3.2%, premix 5%, bamboo vinegar 1%, aureomycin 7.5mg/kg; Later stage daily ration: corn 60.8%, dregs of beans 23.7, corn protein powder 5.5%, soya-bean oil 5%, premix 5%, bamboo vinegar 1%, aureomycin 7.5mg/kg.
Claims (4)
1. bamboo vinegar substitutes a fodder antibiotics growth promotion formula, it is characterized in that comprising following nutrient and level: daily ration in earlier stage: crude protein 20-23%, metabolizable energy 12.56MJ/kg, calcium 0.97%, available phosphorus 0.33%, lysine 1.18%, methionine 0.5%, methionine+cystine 0.87%; Raw material is obtained by following collocation method: corn 55.1%, dregs of beans 32.2%, corn protein powder 4.5%, soya-bean oil 3.2%, premix 5%, bamboo vinegar 1%, aureomycin 7.5mg/kg.
Later stage daily ration: crude protein 19.41%, metabolizable energy 13.34MJ/kg, calcium 0.81%, available phosphorus 0.39%, lysine 1.06%, methionine 0.43%, methionine+cystine 0.76%; Raw material is obtained by following collocation method: corn 60.8%, dregs of beans 23.7, corn protein powder 5.5%, soya-bean oil 5%, premix 5%, bamboo vinegar 1%, aureomycin 7.5mg/kg.
2. bamboo vinegar substitutes a preparation method for fodder antibiotics growth promotion formula, comprises and getting by weight percentage: daily ration in earlier stage: corn 55.1%, dregs of beans 32.2%, corn protein powder 4.5%, soya-bean oil 3.2%, premix 5%, bamboo vinegar 1%, aureomycin 7.5mg/kg; Later stage daily ration: corn 60.8%, dregs of beans 23.7, corn protein powder 5.5%, soya-bean oil 5%, premix 5%, bamboo vinegar 1%, aureomycin 7.5mg/kg.
3. bamboo vinegar according to claim 2 substitutes the preparation of fodder antibiotics growth promotion formula, it is characterized in that nutritional labeling kind in this feed and proportion of composing are: early stage daily ration: crude protein 20-23%, metabolizable energy 12.56MJ/kg, calcium 0.97%, available phosphorus 0.33%, lysine 1.18%, methionine 0.5%, methionine+cystine 0.87%; Later stage daily ration: crude protein 19.41%, metabolizable energy 13.34MJ/kg, calcium 0.81%, available phosphorus 0.39%, lysine 1.06%, methionine 0.43%, methionine+cystine 0.76%.
4. the bamboo vinegar according to claims 1 or 2 substitutes the mixed feed that fodder antibiotics growth promotion formula is made, it is characterized in that corn protein powder, soya-bean oil, premix, bamboo vinegar and aureomycin to carry out preliminary premixed, and then put into mixing machine and corn-soybean meal is mixed together evenly.
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| CN105230993A (en) * | 2015-11-17 | 2016-01-13 | 江苏长顺农牧有限公司 | Broiler chicken feed |
| CN108782946A (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2018-11-13 | 河池市宜州区群力种养专业合作社 | A kind of perfume swine rearing feed |
| CN111676045A (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2020-09-18 | 中国海洋大学 | Method for reducing antibiotic resistance genes in soil by using wood vinegar and application |
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| CN111676045B (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2021-02-19 | 中国海洋大学 | Method for reducing antibiotic resistance genes in soil by using wood vinegar and application |
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Application publication date: 20150225 |