CN104353661A - Method for treating soil polluted by heavy metals - Google Patents
Method for treating soil polluted by heavy metals Download PDFInfo
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- CN104353661A CN104353661A CN201410551637.XA CN201410551637A CN104353661A CN 104353661 A CN104353661 A CN 104353661A CN 201410551637 A CN201410551637 A CN 201410551637A CN 104353661 A CN104353661 A CN 104353661A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for treating soil polluted by heavy metals. The method comprises the following steps: (1) planting starch plants in the soil polluted by the heavy metals; (2) applying soil repairing microorganisms capable of promoting the enrichment of the heavy metals in the starch plants into the soil. The method has the benefits that the operation is simple, a peasant only needs to normally plant crops in a farmland, the peasant's income is not affected, additional manpower and material resources are also not needed for crop plantation, and the method is low in cost, has wide applicability and is suitable for popularization; after being harvested by the peasant, the starch plants only need to be purchased, and the heavy metals in the starch plants are extracted, so that the heavy metals can be recovered, and further, the soil is radically treated; moreover, after starch obtained after the heavy metals are extracted can also be used in the industrial field, and the economic benefits are created.
Description
technical field
The present invention relates to heavy metal pollution regulation field, especially a kind of method of administering heavy-metal contaminated soil.
background technology
Heavy Metals In Environment has the features such as disguise, chronicity and irreversibility, its pollutant in media as well poor mobility, holdup time long, can not be degraded by microorganisms, also can through food chain transmission, finally affect human health, now, due to geologic origin and mankind's activity, the heavy metals such as cadmium pollute farmland ecosystems such as rice field, wheat field, milpas especially, heavy metal was taken in by human body by food chain with the shorter cycle, caused great threat to human health.Phytoremediation has small investment, efficiency is high to utilize heavy metal accumulation plant or super enriching plant (hyperaccumulator) to carry out soil, and does not cause the multifrequency natures such as secondary pollution, shows great potentiality.
The patent No. be 201110025413.1 Chinese patent disclose the application of water fiber crops in repairing heavy metal in soil cadmium pollution, by planting water fiber crops in heavy-metal contaminated soil, gather in water fiber crops aerial part again, stake part is stayed to continue to send out branch, ashing process is carried out to the aerial part of harvesting, extract heavy metal, effectively can reduce the content of the cadmium in contaminated soil, thus repairing polluted soil; Water fiber crops have significant enriched character to heavy metals such as cadmiums, and due to the vitality of water fiber crops very vigorous, be easy to survive, and its natural propagation growth fast, all do not need to carry out special management in its whole growth course, water fiber crops belong to perennial shrub plant, and stake can be stayed to send out branch, and thus rehabilitating soil cost is lower, workable.The patent No. be 201110050461.6 Chinese patent disclose the application of Pu root in repairing heavy metal in soil cadmium pollution, Pu root is planted in cadmium metal contaminated soil, Pu root regularly need carry out beta pruning harvesting when planting, stake is stayed to send out branch, and carry out ashing process to after its harvesting branch, extract heavy metal, thus heavy metal cadmium contaminated soil is repaired; Pu root has significant enriched character to heavy metals such as cadmiums, and due to the vitality of Pu root very vigorous, be easy to survive, and its natural propagation growth is fast, in its whole growth course, do not need special management, thus cost is lower, workable.The plant that can be used for repairing heavy metal in soil pollution also comprises Indian mustard, Viola baoshanensis, dandelion, black nightshade, little white wine flower, Sedum alfredii Hance etc., and they all have stronger patience and accumulation ability to cadmium single and combined pollution.But these prior aries still have the following disadvantages:
1) application has limitation: the existing technology utilizing water fiber crops or the plant soil restorations such as Pu root, and soil is specifically designed to plantation can the plant of rich long-pending heavy metal, after these plant harvest, then extracts heavy metal; The process of this rehabilitating soil, need devote substantial resources (human and material resources and financial resources etc.), soil is occupied, without any economic benefit, is only suitable for the idle land beyond ploughing is promoted, poor for applicability.
2) cost is high: in the process of repairing on the one hand, planting plants, needs the resource input such as human and material resources, and do not have again the output that can produce economic benefit on the other hand, soil is not utilized effectively, and the cost of repair process is high, waste ample resources.
3) complicated operation: need special personnel to repair soil, row harvesting, ashing, leaching process when repair process is wanted complicated.
Summary of the invention
Task of the present invention is the deficiency overcoming above-mentioned prior art, provide a kind of simple to operate, cost is low, applicability is wide, be suitable for the method for improvement heavy-metal contaminated soil promoted.
The present invention is realized by following technical proposals:
Administer a method for heavy-metal contaminated soil, it is characterized in that: it comprises the steps:
1) in by the soil of heavy metal pollution, starch plant is planted;
2) in soil, the soil remediation microorganism that can promote the enrichment of starch plant heavy metal is applied.
The further improvement project of the present invention comprises:
Described soil remediation microorganism comprises at least one microorganism be selected from Mycobacterium, pseudomonas and actinomyces; At least one microorganism that preferred soil remediation microorganism comprises at least one microorganism be selected from Mycobacterium, is selected from least one microorganism in pseudomonas and is selected from actinomyces.
The described soil remediation microorganism being selected from Mycobacterium comprises mycobacterium graminis and/or mycobacterium RJGH-135 bacterial strain.
The described soil remediation microorganism being selected from pseudomonas comprises pseudomonas aeruginosa.
The described soil remediation microorganism being selected from actinomyces comprises aureomycin streptococcus.
The method of described improvement heavy-metal contaminated soil also comprises step 3): apply to promote the fertilizer that starch plant grows in soil.
Described starch plant be corn, paddy rice, potato,
sweet potatoor cassava.
Described step 2) and the method for operating of described step 3) be: first described soil remediation microorganism is mixed with described fertilizer, then the fertilizer being mixed with soil remediation microorganism is applied in soil.
The method of described improvement heavy-metal contaminated soil also comprises step 4): after starch plant maturation, collect starch plant, extracts heavy metal.
The method of described improvement heavy-metal contaminated soil also comprises step 5): after starch plant maturation, collects the rich amyloid position of starch plant and prepares industrial starch, collect starch plant remainder and be processed into powder, extract heavy metal.
The method utilizing the rich amyloid position of starch plant to prepare industrial starch in described step 5) can be: slurry is made at rich for starch plant amyloid position, adding in the slurry can by the passivation microorganism of heavy metal sedimentation, refilter, can obtain the starch after extracting heavy metal, process filter residue can extract heavy metal.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: simple to operate, only need peasant's normal Planting Crops in farmland, do not affect farmers' income, also without the need to extra human and material resources Planting Crops, cost is low, and applicability is wide, be suitable for promoting, after peasant gathers in the crops starch plant, only need be purchased, be extracted heavy metal, i.e. recyclable heavy metal, soil is effected a radical cure, and the starch obtained after extracting heavy metal also can be used for industrial circle, produces economic benefit.
detailed description of the invention
Below a kind of method of administering heavy-metal contaminated soil of the present invention is further described:
Embodiment 1:
Administer a method for heavy-metal contaminated soil, comprise the steps:
1) in by the soil of heavy metal pollution, starch plant is planted;
2) in soil, the soil remediation microorganism that can promote the enrichment of starch plant heavy metal is applied.
Preferred starch plant be can be used for producing the corn of industrial starch, paddy rice, potato,
sweet potatoor cassava.
Preferred soil remediation microorganism comprises at least one microorganism be selected from Mycobacterium, pseudomonas and actinomyces; More preferably the soil remediation microorganism at least one microorganism that comprises at least one microorganism be selected from Mycobacterium, be selected from least one microorganism in pseudomonas and be selected from actinomyces, adopt by the soil remediation microorganism comprising the antimicrobial composition that Mycobacterium, pseudomonas and actinomyces etc. three belong to, effectively can promote that starch plant is for the enrichment of heavy metal.
The soil remediation microorganism being preferably selected from Mycobacterium comprises mycobacterium graminis and/or mycobacterium RJGH-135 bacterial strain.The Latin name of mycobacterium graminis is called Mycobacterium phlei (being called for short M.phlei), reference culture ATCC11758.
The soil remediation microorganism being preferably selected from pseudomonas comprise pseudomonas aeruginosa (
pseudomonas aeruginosa).
The soil remediation microorganism being preferably selected from actinomyces comprises aureomycin streptococcus (Streptomycse aureofaciens Ouggar).
The method of preferred improvement heavy-metal contaminated soil also comprises step 3): in soil apply can promote the fertilizer that starch plant grows, with enable heavy metal more, faster richness amass in starch plant.
Carry out step 2 during preferred week) and step 3), to save operational sequence, method is as follows: first mixed with fertilizer by soil remediation microorganism, make the fertilizer containing soil remediation microorganism, be applied in soil by the compound fertilizer made again, fertilizer can use farm manure or other non-pure chemistry fertilizer.
The method of preferred improvement heavy-metal contaminated soil also comprises step 4): after starch plant maturation, collect starch plant, extracts heavy metal.Following steps 5 can be adopted) mode process starch plant: after starch plant maturation, collect the rich amyloid position of starch plant and prepare industrial starch, collect starch plant remainder (remainder refers to that starch plant is collected and is rich in the later remaining part in starch position) and be processed into powder, extract heavy metal.If application has special restriction to content of beary metal in starch, industrial starch is prepared: slurry is made at rich for starch plant amyloid position by following method, adding in the slurry can by the passivation microorganism of heavy metal sedimentation, refilter, can obtain the starch after extracting heavy metal, process filter residue can extract heavy metal; Also from starch, heavy metal is extracted by other existing method.
The present invention is by the soil being subject to heavy metal pollution, plantation can be used in the starch plant of producing industrial starch, the fertilizer simultaneously used containing soil remediation microorganism grows to the absorption and starch plant that promote heavy metal, after starch plant maturation, collect the rich amyloid position of plant and prepare industrial starch, for increasing product income, remainder is processed into powder, extract heavy metal, reach the object of administering heavy metal pollution.
Embodiment 2:
The present embodiment is the control experiment carried out on the basis of embodiment 1:
Choose 4 mu, the soil of polluted by heavy metal cadmium, contaminated degree is very approximate after testing, is divided into 4 pieces that area is 1 mu, is labeled as 1,2,3,4 group.1st group of maize planting, do not use the compound fertilizer containing soil remediation microorganism, 2nd group of maize planting, the compound fertilizer 1(used containing soil remediation microorganism contains mycobacterium graminis, pseudomonas aeruginosa and aureomycin streptococcus), 3rd group of plantation Ipomoea batatas, do not use the compound fertilizer containing soil remediation microorganism, 4th group of plantation Ipomoea batatas, uses the compound fertilizer (containing mycobacterium graminis, pseudomonas aeruginosa, mycobacterium RJGH-135 bacterial strain and aureomycin streptococcus) containing soil remediation microorganism.Irregularly water according to soil water regime, ensure crop normal growth, period does not spray other nutrient solutions.Collect starch enrichment positions (Ipomoea batatas stem tuber and corn) after maturation for the preparation of industrial starch, other aerial parts measure cumulant, the concentration coefficient of heavy metal cadmium after collecting.Testing result sees the following form 1.
Table 1 starch plant is for the enrichment characteristics of cadmium
From the data of table 1, starch plant heavy metal (cadmium) has well rich long-pending property, heavy metal can be a large amount of rich long-pending in starch plant, the compound fertilizer applied containing soil remediation microorganism can significantly improve the Fu Jixing of starch plant heavy metal, adopts the inventive method can effect a radical cure the heavy metal pollution problem of soil fast.
Claims (10)
1. administer a method for heavy-metal contaminated soil, it is characterized in that: it comprises the steps:
1) in by the soil of heavy metal pollution, starch plant is planted;
2) in soil, the soil remediation microorganism that can promote the enrichment of starch plant heavy metal is applied.
2. a kind of method of administering heavy-metal contaminated soil according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described soil remediation microorganism comprises at least one microorganism be selected from Mycobacterium, pseudomonas and actinomyces.
3. a kind of method of administering heavy-metal contaminated soil according to claim 2, is characterized in that, the described soil remediation microorganism being selected from Mycobacterium comprises mycobacterium graminis and/or mycobacterium RJGH-135 bacterial strain.
4. a kind of method of administering heavy-metal contaminated soil according to claim 2, is characterized in that, the described soil remediation microorganism being selected from pseudomonas comprises pseudomonas aeruginosa.
5. a kind of method of administering heavy-metal contaminated soil according to claim 2, is characterized in that, the described soil remediation microorganism being selected from actinomyces comprises aureomycin streptococcus.
6. a kind of method of administering heavy-metal contaminated soil according to claim 2, is characterized in that: it also comprises step 3): apply to promote the fertilizer that starch plant grows in soil.
7. a kind of method of administering heavy-metal contaminated soil according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described starch plant is corn, paddy rice, potato, sweet potato or cassava.
8. a kind of method of administering heavy-metal contaminated soil according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: described step 2) and the method for operating of described step 3) be: first described soil remediation microorganism is mixed with described fertilizer, then the fertilizer being mixed with soil remediation microorganism is applied in soil.
9. a kind of method of administering heavy-metal contaminated soil according to claim arbitrary in claim 1-8, is characterized in that: it also comprises step 4): after starch plant maturation, collect starch plant, extracts heavy metal.
10. a kind of method of administering heavy-metal contaminated soil according to claim arbitrary in claim 1-8, it is characterized in that: it also comprises step 5): after starch plant maturation, collect the rich amyloid position of starch plant and prepare industrial starch, collect starch plant remainder and be processed into powder, extract heavy metal.
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Cited By (6)
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| CN105728454A (en) * | 2016-04-11 | 2016-07-06 | 宇星科技发展(深圳)有限公司 | Method for jointly restoring heavy metal contaminated soil through chemical passivation-microorganism |
| CN106337030A (en) * | 2016-08-24 | 2017-01-18 | 宁波枫叶杰科生物技术有限公司 | Microbial product for treatment of heavy metal polluted saline-alkaline land and manufacture method thereof |
| CN106479914A (en) * | 2016-09-23 | 2017-03-08 | 北京林业大学 | One plant of anti-antimony pseudomonass XKS1 and its application |
| CN109092885A (en) * | 2018-07-31 | 2018-12-28 | 西施生态科技股份有限公司 | Utilize the method for Pu root repairing heavy metal in soil cadmium pollution |
| CN109369226A (en) * | 2018-11-09 | 2019-02-22 | 绵阳师范学院 | A kind of bio-bacterial manure and application of fortification of plants cadmium pollution soil repair |
| CN109967518A (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2019-07-05 | 中环沃野环保有限公司 | A method of polluted soil is quickly repaired using MP Matrix Technology |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105728454A (en) * | 2016-04-11 | 2016-07-06 | 宇星科技发展(深圳)有限公司 | Method for jointly restoring heavy metal contaminated soil through chemical passivation-microorganism |
| CN106337030A (en) * | 2016-08-24 | 2017-01-18 | 宁波枫叶杰科生物技术有限公司 | Microbial product for treatment of heavy metal polluted saline-alkaline land and manufacture method thereof |
| CN106479914A (en) * | 2016-09-23 | 2017-03-08 | 北京林业大学 | One plant of anti-antimony pseudomonass XKS1 and its application |
| CN106479914B (en) * | 2016-09-23 | 2019-09-17 | 北京林业大学 | One plant of anti-antimony pseudomonad XKS1 and its application |
| CN109967518A (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2019-07-05 | 中环沃野环保有限公司 | A method of polluted soil is quickly repaired using MP Matrix Technology |
| CN109092885A (en) * | 2018-07-31 | 2018-12-28 | 西施生态科技股份有限公司 | Utilize the method for Pu root repairing heavy metal in soil cadmium pollution |
| CN109369226A (en) * | 2018-11-09 | 2019-02-22 | 绵阳师范学院 | A kind of bio-bacterial manure and application of fortification of plants cadmium pollution soil repair |
| CN109369226B (en) * | 2018-11-09 | 2021-08-03 | 绵阳师范学院 | Biological bacterial fertilizer for strengthening phytoremediation of cadmium-polluted soil and application thereof |
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