CN104316180A - Double-optical frequency comb optical imaging method based on continuous frequency stabilized laser - Google Patents
Double-optical frequency comb optical imaging method based on continuous frequency stabilized laser Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a double-optical frequency comb optical imaging method based on a continuous frequency stabilized laser. According to the optical imaging method, two optical frequency comb seed resources are locked onto a stable outside atomic clock through a repetition frequency control module, meanwhile, an electric signal which has optical comb frequency instability is extracted through interaction between the continuous frequency stabilized laser and the laser output by the two optical frequency comb seed resources, radio-frequency signal power distribution and processing are conducted on the electric signal, a part of the electric signal is directly used for feedback control of the laser resonator character of the two optical frequency comb seed resources so as to stabilize the output carrier envelope phase frequency of a semiconductor laser unit, the other part of the electric signal is used for being mixed with a periodical interference spectrum signal generated by a double-optical comb imaging system so as to further counteract the frequency variations of the optical comb system, and therefore the measurement precision of the whole double-optical comb imaging system is controlled from two aspects and quick and super-high-resolution optical comb coherent imaging is achieved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of ultrafast laser, be specifically related to a kind of two optical frequency com optical imaging methods based on continuous Frequency Stabilized Lasers.
Background technology
The development of optical microphotograph imaging technique is long-standing, along with the mankind's constantly progress to the intensification of Exploring Substructure of Matter degree.As far back as B.C. century, people just find to utilize water droplet observe object be exaggerated after picture.The spatial resolving power of traditional optical imaging system is subject to the restriction of diffraction limit, in general, the spatial resolution of optical imaging system diffraction restriction is about the half of detection optical wavelength, and for being less than the object detail of this imaging ultimate value, conventional optical systems is by helpless.Enter the eighties, the resolution of imaging can be advanced to the precision of nanometer scale by the appearance of non-optical class Scanning Probe Microscopy particularly atomic force microscope, but these microtechnics or penetration depth are very little, or the information of body surface can only be provided, and there is the problem such as system architecture complexity, image checking environmental requirement harshness in varying degrees.Along with the development of laser technology is with ripe, by laser, this has good coherence, the instrument of directivity and energy density applies to optical microphotograph imaging, important optical information (as polarization state, refractive index, spectrum etc.) can be provided for living body biological sample, and carry out the detection of non-invasi biological living.Wherein, emerging in recent years femtosecond laser frequency comb (being called for short light comb) directly as light source, can apply to nonlinear optics imaging process.Its nonlinear effect that can be used for optical imagery is a lot, as: two-photon absorption, second harmonic (SHG), third harmonic (THG), coherent anti-stokes raman scattering (CARS), Kerr effect etc.
On the other hand, have the femtosecond laser frequency comb of high frequency stability degree concurrently to build time-domain and frequency-domain, need by the repetition frequency signal of the output pulse sequence of Mode-locked laser device (
f r ) and carrier envelope phase frequency signal (
f ceo ) locking, namely ensure that every root comb of frequency comb and the interval of comb are stablized, and entirety is not drifted about in frequency field.Wherein, the repetition frequency signal of light comb is can the electrical signal of direct detection, and by the standard signal mixing that its and atomic clock control, and FEEDBACK CONTROL laser chamber is long, can realize light and comb repetition frequency and lock.But, the light produced due to the difference of group velocity and phase velocity in pulse propagation process comb the detection of carrier envelope phase drift frequency and control procedure comparatively complicated, usual needs carry out power amplification and spectrum widening to the output light that light is combed, then adopt conllinear or non-co-line style
f-2fself-reference optical system is carried out optical frequency-doubling and optics and is closed and restraint beat frequency, carrier envelope phase drift frequency is extracted.And in this process above-mentioned, the dispersion characteristics of paired pulses and polarization state is not only needed to carry out good control, and high requirement is proposed to the phase matching degree of the temperature of nonlinear crystal, whole optical system, the Adjustment precision of light path and degree of stability, these are undoubtedly for the application of optical frequency com technology brings adverse effect.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is according to above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art part, a kind of two optical frequency com optical imaging methods based on continuous Frequency Stabilized Lasers are provided, two optical frequency com seed sources are locked on stable extraneous atomic clock by repetition frequency control module by this optical imaging method, simultaneously, by the interaction of continuous Frequency Stabilized Lasers and two optical frequency com seed source Output of lasers, the electrical signal carrying light comb frequency instability is extracted, and this signal is carried out RF signal power distribution and process, its part is directly used in the laserresonator characteristic of FEEDBACK CONTROL two optical frequency com seed sources, with the outgoing carrier envelope phase frequency of stabilization of semiconductor laser instrument, another part is used for combing the periodicity interference spectum signal that imaging system produces with two light and carries out mixing, the frequency drift amount of further light being combed system balances out, thus the measuring accuracy of hand control whole pair of light comb imaging system is entered from two aspects, realize fast, the light comb coherent imaging of super-resolution.
The object of the invention realizes being completed by following technical scheme:
A kind of two optical frequency com optical imaging methods based on continuous Frequency Stabilized Lasers, relate to two optical frequency com seed sources, it is characterized in that described optical imaging method comprises the steps: two described optical frequency com seed sources Output of laser to be separately divided into three tunnels;
The first via, the Output of laser of two described optical frequency com seed sources enter respectively frequency control module with by the repetition frequency semaphore lock of described optical frequency com seed source on extraneous atomic clock;
Second tunnel, the Output of laser of two described optical frequency com seed sources and the Output of laser of continuous Frequency Stabilized Lasers generation module are combed in interaction module at continuous sharp Frequency Stabilized Lasers and two light and are carried out beat frequency, produce the close beat signal of two frequencies and leaching out does difference frequency, obtain radiofrequency signal
f - ; Distributed described radiofrequency signal with processing module by RF signal power
f - be divided into three equivalent road signals
f 1 ,
f 2 with
f 3 signal, wherein said signal
f 1 with
f 2 feed back to the electrooptic modulator in two described optical frequency com seed sources and semiconductor laser respectively, to stablize the carrier envelope phase frequency of two described optical frequency com seed source Output of lasers, described signal
f 3 signal is enlarged into through frequency multiplier
nf 3 after enter sample data Acquire and process module;
3rd tunnel, is incident to testing sample using the Output of laser of wherein optical frequency com seed source described in First as detection light, using the Output of laser of wherein second described optical frequency com seed source as with reference to light with described detection photo-beat frequency to obtain interference spectum signal
f i ; Described interference spectum signal
f i enter afterwards in described sample data Acquire and process module with described signal
nf 3 carry out mixing to offset frequency instability, obtain spectral signal
f signal , and to described spectral signal
f signal carry out pointwise reduction, realize the optical imagery of described testing sample.
The Output of laser frequency of two described optical frequency com seed sources is respectively
f comb1 =nf rep + f ceo with f comb2 =n (f rep + Δ f rep )+f ceo ' , wherein f rep it is the repetition frequency of optical frequency com seed source described in First,
Δ f rep the small difference of the repetition frequency of optical frequency com seed source described in second described optical frequency com seed source and First,
f ceo with
f ceo ' represent the carrier envelope phase drift frequency of optical frequency com seed source and second described optical frequency com seed source described in First respectively.
The Output of laser of described continuous Frequency Stabilized Lasers generation module refers to the single longitudinal mode laser of laser frequency live width in Hz magnitude.
Electrooptic modulator and semiconductor laser is provided with in laserresonator in described optical frequency com seed source; Described signal
f 1 act on described electrooptic modulator after being converted to DC voltage, change the refractive index of described electrooptic modulator to adjust the chirp value of described laserresonator and to compensate the long amount of mismatch in its chamber; Described signal
f 2 feed back to described semiconductor laser, the electric current of semiconductor laser described in FEEDBACK CONTROL is with the noisiness of firm described laserresonator.
The frequency of described detection light is
f comb1 =nf rep + f ceo , the frequency of described reference light is f comb2 =n (f rep + Δ f rep )+f ceo ' , obtain after described detection light and described reference light carry out beat frequency being spaced apart Δ f by a series of rep radiofrequency signal composition described interference spectum signal f i .
Advantage of the present invention is:
1) can gather the spectral information in the wide frequency ranges produced by particle transition and high resolving power feature image based on two light comb optical imaging methods with small repetition frequency difference, its device speed of response is fast, gathers high fast simultaneously;
2) all spectral element of testing sample can be measured on a photodetector simultaneously, thus ensure that the consistance of spectrum; In addition, high-precision optical frequency comb ensure that repeatability and the accuracy of wave-number scale;
3) the two optical frequency com systems needed for imaging can when without the need to accurately detecting pulse carrier envelope phase signal, the frequency drift amount of by continuous Frequency Stabilized Lasers light being combed system is transmitted out in the mode of electrical signal, and control, thus largely on reduce complicacy and the maintenance difficulties of optical system, enhance compactedness and the applicability of whole light comb imaging device;
4) what light comb and continuous Frequency Stabilized Lasers produced carry, and electrical signal that light combs characteristic presents multiple value: its one side FEEDBACK CONTROL light combs pumping current and the Electric optical modulation in intra-cavity device of seed source laser cavity, the Output of laser characteristic of firm light comb light source, combing with light the interference spectum signal obtained in imaging process does mixing on the other hand, offsets the measuring error brought by the frequency drift of light comb system further; Whole imaging device is started with from multi-angle and be ensure that the high precision of imaging collection of illustrative plates exports;
5) pulse width of optical frequency com Output of laser is generally at femtosecond (10
-15s) magnitude, even can be obtained narrower pulse by the high-order dispersion controlling laser and export, this is equivalent to the precision that improve optical probe, is conducive to realizing super-resolution spectrographic detection and micro-imaging technique;
6) optical frequency com can realize frequency domain by elements such as photonic crystal fibers and expands, and its output band is had cover the scope of ultraviolet, visible and infrared wide such as grade; Two light comb imaging system can make full use of this feature, multiple molecular vibrational mode in material molecule is made to obtain resonant check at synchronization, produce corresponding spectral signal, therefore carry out, in the process of non-intruding spectral matching factor and micro-imaging, there is significant advantage at the complication system containing multiple components to biosystem and other;
7) repetition frequency of optical frequency com is generally at hundreds of megahertz (10
6hz) to several GHz (10
9hz) magnitude, and it exports pulse can reach hectowatt magnitude usually intensity by power amplifier; The ultrashort laser pulse with high-peak power and lower single pulse energy can reduce the photic damage to biological sample to greatest extent, meanwhile, the ultra-short pulse laser of high pulse repetition frequency effectively can meet the needs of quick obtaining signal in imaging system.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is apparatus structure schematic diagram in the embodiment of the present invention one;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram carrying out Sample Scan imaging in the embodiment of the present invention two by full fiber type two light comb system;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram carrying out coherent anti-stokes raman scattering imaging in the embodiment of the present invention three by semispace half optical-fiber type two light comb system.
Embodiment
Feature of the present invention and other correlated characteristic are described in further detail by embodiment below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, so that the understanding of technician of the same trade:
As Fig. 1-3, mark 1-31 in figure to be respectively: optical frequency com seed source 1, optical frequency com seed source 2, repetition frequency locking module 3, continuous Frequency Stabilized Lasers generation module 4, continuous Frequency Stabilized Lasers combs interaction module 5 with two light, RF signal power distributes and processing module 6, frequency multiplier 7, two optical frequency com optical imagery module 8, sample data Acquire and process module 9, computing machine 10, optical fibre wavelength division multiplexer 11, gain fibre 12, fiber optic isolator 13, coupling fiber follower 14, optical fiber polarization controller 15, optical motor Postponement module 16, polarization beam apparatus 17, dichroic mirror 18, scanning galvanometer 19, total reflective mirror 20, microcobjective 21, one dimension sample stage 22, space band pass filter 23, polarization beam apparatus 24 in chamber, half-wave plate 25 in chamber, tiltedly drape over one's shoulders 26, photonic crystal fiber 27, chirped mirror 28, space low-frequency filter plate 29, three-dimensional sample platform 30, spatial high-frequency filter plate 31,
Wherein, LD represents semiconductor laser, PZT represents piezoceramics crystal, and EOM represents electrooptic modulator, and SESAM represents semiconductor saturable absorbing mirror;
In figure, solid line represents light round, represented by dotted arrows circuit transmission route.
Embodiment one: as shown in Figure 1, the present embodiment is specifically related to a kind of two optical frequency com optical imaging methods based on continuous Frequency Stabilized Lasers, two light comb seed source (i.e. optical frequency com seed source 1 and optical frequency com seed source 2) is locked on extraneous stable atomic clock by repetition frequency control module 3, simultaneously, the Output of laser that continuous Frequency Stabilized Lasers and two light comb continuous laser that continuous Frequency Stabilized Lasers generation module 4 produces by interaction module 5 and two-way optical frequency com seed source (i.e. optical frequency com seed source 1 and optical frequency com seed source 2) does beat frequency, the electrical signal carrying light comb frequency instability is extracted, and this signal is carried out RF signal power distribution and process, its part is directly used in the laserresonator characteristic in feedback-controlled optics frequency comb seed source, with the outgoing carrier envelope phase frequency of stabilization of semiconductor laser instrument LD, the periodicity interference signal that another part is used for producing with two optical frequency com optical imagery module 8 carries out mixing, further the frequency drift amount of two optical frequency com optical imagery module 8 is balanced out, thus the measuring accuracy of hand control whole pair of optical frequency com optical imagery module 8 is entered from two aspects, realize fast, the light comb coherent imaging of super-resolution.
As shown in Figure 1, two optical frequency com seed sources 1 and 2 are all the pulse laser occurring source by semiconductor laser LD pumping, and its laserresonator domestic demand has the long piezoceramics crystal PZT in adjustable chamber and the electrooptic modulator EOM that can control dispersion characteristics.The centre wavelength of two optical frequency com seed source 1,2 Output of lasers is decided by the gain media in laserresonator, can select suitable seed source system according to testing sample basic optical response characteristic.
As shown in Figure 1, for meeting the requirement of system two light comb coherent optics imaging, the repetition frequency signal that two optical frequency com seed sources 1,2 need be made to export pulse has small difference, and this difference is generally in hundred KHz to Hz magnitudes.
As shown in Figure 1, repetition frequency locking module 3 has two optical frequency com seed sources 1, 2 export the repetition frequency signal accurate two cover independent phase locked loop circuit locked respectively, its respective course of work is: do mixing by being detected light comb repetition frequency signal by photodetector by the standard signal triggered with extraneous atomic clock, obtain error signal, and the piezoceramics crystal PZT after amplifying in FEEDBACK CONTROL light comb seed source, thus the chamber of locking laserresonator is long, thus control each optical frequency com seed source 1, 2 export the stability of pulse in time domain.
As shown in Figure 1, continuous Frequency Stabilized Lasers generation module 4 is the stabilized reference that whole pair of light comb system provides frequency field, and its Output of laser carries out beat frequency by exporting light with two optical frequency com seed sources 1,2 and obtains the frequency drift information that light combs.In actual measurement process, light characteristic need be exported according to optical frequency com and carry out the output wavelength of the continuous Frequency Stabilized Lasers of choose reasonable and control its polarization state, to obtain the radiofrequency signal of high s/n ratio to control whole imaging system.Frequency Stabilized Lasers refers to the single longitudinal mode laser of laser frequency live width in Hz magnitude continuously herein, its generating means (i.e. continuous Frequency Stabilized Lasers generation module 4) is general by common continuous wave laser companion method Fabry-Perot-type cavity (F-P cavity), and utilize gain trace, the laser frequency stabilizing system formed for reference frequency with the transition center frequency of atom own.Meanwhile, need to adopt the measures such as such as constant temperature, expansion coefficient coupling, shockproof, sealing, stabilized power source to carry out the passive type frequency stabilization of laser, ensure the frequency stability of continuous laser further, become the frequency standard that two light combs system.
As shown in Figure 1, continuous Frequency Stabilized Lasers and two light combs Output of laser that interaction module 5 is two optical frequency com seed sources 1,2 and this three roads light signal of continuous Frequency Stabilized Lasers carries out relevant beat frequency, and acquisition carries the photoelectricity coupling apparatus of the radiofrequency signal of optical frequency com carrier envelope phase drift information.It comprises two and overlaps independently light comb and the optical element needed for continuous laser beat frequency and beat signal leaching and the electricity component needed for difference frequency.Its major function is that the Output of laser of two the optical frequency com seed sources 1,2 beam splitting obtained does beat frequency with continuous Frequency Stabilized Lasers respectively, and be positioned at two beat signals that the light comb comb of same position and continuous Frequency Stabilized Lasers produce in leaching two light comb and do mixing, the difference frequency signal obtained
f - distribute and process as RF signal power.Because continuous Frequency Stabilized Lasers provides reliable frequency standard, and the repetition frequency of two optical frequency com seed sources 1,2 obtains precise hard_drawn tuhes, therefore obtain
f - namely signal has reacted the frequency instability of two optical frequency com system caused by carrier envelope phase drift, that is the carrier envelope phase drift frequency of light comb is transmitted out with the form of radiofrequency signal.
As shown in Figure 1, RF signal power distributes and processing module 6 is made up of electronic power splitters, according to the bandwidth of the numerical value choose reasonable frequency divider of radiofrequency signal, to meet the high-speed response of system, need suppress additional noise.In this method, the radiofrequency signal of input is divided into three tunnels.
As shown in Figure 1, RF signal power distributes in the three road signals produced with processing module 6, one tunnel is used for the pump laser (i.e. semiconductor laser LD) of FEEDBACK CONTROL two optical frequency com seed sources 1,2, one tunnel is used for the electrooptic modulator EOM of FEEDBACK CONTROL two optical frequency com seed sources 1,2 laserresonator inside, one tunnel is used for and the sample signal mixing collected, and enters the frequency stability in the whole measurement mechanism of hand control from many aspects.
As shown in Figure 1, because optical frequency com seed source and continuous Frequency Stabilized Lasers interact interference spectum signal that the radiofrequency signal frequency range that produces not necessarily produces with optical frequency com optical imagery module 8 in same frequency range, therefore frequency multiplier need be used above-mentioned merit to be divided one of the signal obtained frequency multiplication, mixing can be done with interference spectum signal, just balance out the frequency instability of light comb system.
As shown in Figure 1, two optical frequency com optical imagery module 8 using two optical frequency com seed sources 1,2 Zhong mono-road light as detection light, another road light carries out sample topography detection as with reference to light, sniffer that can be different according to the different building structures of detection method, is fully excited to make the optical information of sample.
As shown in Figure 1, sample data Acquire and process module 9 comprises the elements such as balance detection device, data collecting card and weak signal analyzer, the mass data obtained in sample point by point scanning process is extracted, obtain interference spectum signal, this interference spectum signal is through further noise processed, obtain final spectral signal, then this signals revivification is become sample topography information, realize two light comb light spectrum image-forming.
As shown in Figure 1, computing machine 10 can coordinate the program of data handling procedure to run, and imaging process can be embodied as visual by programming, thus light is combed into the Real-Time Monitoring of picture, and the high speed of safeguards system effectively operates.
As shown in Figure 1, the two optical frequency com optical imaging techniques do concrete steps based on continuous Frequency Stabilized Lasers in the present embodiment are as follows:
First, two optical frequency com seed sources 1,2 are regulated to be in good self-starting modelocking state, and its respective Output of laser is divided into three beams, wherein a part enters repetition frequency locking module 3 through photodetector, be locked on extraneous atomic clock by the repetition frequency signal precision of light being combed based on the electron servo feedback system of phaselocked loop, the light comb laser that another part beam splitting obtains is used for interacting with continuous Frequency Stabilized Lasers, and the light comb laser that last part beam splitting obtains is used for producing light and is combed into image signal.Two output frequencies with the optical frequency com seed source 1,2 of small repetition frequency difference are respectively
f comb1 =nf rep + f ceo with
f comb2 =n (f rep + Δ f rep )+f ceo ' , wherein,
f rep the repetition frequency of optical frequency com seed source 1,
Δ f rep the small difference of the repetition frequency of described optical frequency com seed source 2 and optical frequency com seed source 1,
f ceo with
f ceo ' it is the optical frequency frequency without locking.
Secondly, the output light of continuous Frequency Stabilized Lasers and two optical frequency com seed sources 1,2 is combed interaction module 5 through continuous Frequency Stabilized Lasers and two light and to be concerned with beat frequency, the beat signal leaching that two frequencies light comb comb and continuous laser that are positioned at same position produced are close out does difference frequency, obtains radiofrequency signal
f - , this signal reaction is above-mentioned
f ceo with
f ceo ' driftance, and the optical frequency being difficult to measure is converted into the electricity frequency of convenient operation.Being distributed by RF signal power will with processing module 6
f - signal is divided into three equivalent tunnels
f 1 ,
f 2 with
f 3 signal, controls light comb seed source Electric optical modulation in intra-cavity device EOM, semiconductor laser LD electric current and imaging system respectively and detects the sample spectral signals obtained.
Simultaneously, another part output light of optical frequency com seed source 1,2 enters in two optical frequency com optical imagery module 8 and carries out sample detection, the chirping characteristics of conservative control optical frequency com seed source 1,2 Output of laser, spectral coverage, the factor such as peak power and polarization state, the optical characteristics of testing sample is fully excited, by the precise rotation of mechanical scanning galvanometer or sample stage, complete the point-to-point measurement process of sample, obtain the interference spectum signal of sample
f i .
Finally, will to produce through frequency multiplier 7
nf 3 signal with
f i signal does mixing, offsets further and combs the carrier envelope phase frequency of non-locking to measuring the error brought by two light, obtain final signal
f signal carry out pointwise reduction, by Computer display, realize quick, the high resolution optical imaging of testing sample.
Embodiment two: be illustrated in figure 2 and adopt polarization rotation lock pattern full-optical-fiber laser as optical frequency com seed source, carry out the schematic diagram of two light comb Sample Scan imaging, concrete steps are as follows:
(1) two optical frequency com seed source 1,2 all adopts full fiber type to adopt structure, with 980nm semiconductor laser LD as pumping source, enter in laserresonator by optical fibre wavelength division multiplexer 11, single mode mix ytterbium gain fibre 12 as gain media, fibre optic isolater 13 ensures the Unidirectional of laser, piezoceramics crystal PZT is wound in chamber on single-mode fiber, and electrooptic modulator EOM adopts optical fiber type phase place and intensity modulator; Optical fiber polarization controller 15 in adjustment chamber, makes laser instrument reach stable mode-locking state; Mode-locked laser is exported by coupling fiber follower 14.
(2) in repetition frequency locking module 3, the light detected by photodetector comb repetition frequency signal is done mixing by the standard signal triggered with extraneous atomic clock, obtain error signal to amplify, piezoceramics crystal PZT in feedback-controlled optics frequency comb seed source 1,2, thus lock the stability of each optical frequency com seed source output pulse in time domain.
(3) based on all-fiber characteristic of optical frequency com seed source 1,2, the opticator that continuous Frequency Stabilized Lasers combs interaction module 5 with two light also can adopt all-fiber formula, the centre wavelength of choose reasonable optical coupler, fiber band-pass filter, makes the beat signal of acquisition have higher signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio); Electricity part need select two pass bands ± below 10MHz bandpass filter by close for frequency two beat signal leachings out, then carry out mixing by frequency mixer, get its difference frequency signal
f - as the FEEDBACK CONTROL radiofrequency signal of system.
Optical fiber is converted into spatial light by the collimating apparatus of respective corresponding wave band by the part Output of laser of (4) two light combs, using the output light of optical frequency com seed source 1 as detection light, the output light of optical frequency com seed source 2 is as carrying out the detection of two light comb coherent imaging with reference to light.
(5) the optical motor Postponement module 16 that is first made up of high reflective mirror by one of the output light of optical frequency com seed source 1, the effect of this module is adjustment detection light in the length of the space light path walked with reference light in the process entering detector again from output port to testing sample, namely ensure when arriving the balanced detector in sample data Acquire and process module 9, the light path that two-way laser experiences is consistent, to ensure that flashlight and reference light can realize beat frequency.
(6) Output of laser as the optical frequency com seed source 2 with reference to light is divided into two bundles by polarization beam apparatus 17, a branch of by dichroic mirror 18 and detection light together incident sample, another bundle directly enters detector, reference laser can as the molecular transition of pump light source excited sample in imaging process, nonlinear effect in imaging process is completed smoothly, for the interference spectum signal obtained provides unified standard in detection process, harmony and the confidence level of measurement result can be strengthened on the other hand.
(7) first the reference laser and the exploring laser light that close bundle through dichroic mirror 18 are incident to scanning galvanometer 19, carry out light comb light spectrum image-forming again detect after total reflective mirror 20 reflects by microcobjective group 21 to the sample be positioned on one dimension sample stage 22.By the motion scan of scanning galvanometer 19, obtain the structure of x-axis and y-axis in sample three-dimensional imaging figure, and make sample at every bit, carry out depth survey by optical frequency com, namely obtain the z-axis information in three-dimensional imaging figure.
(8) laser after sample, by space band pass filter 23, filters out parasitic light irrelevant with signal in detection process, improves the signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) of interference spectum signal.
(9) in sample data Acquire and process module 9, carry out balance detection by through the detection light of optically filtering and reference light, and carry out data acquisition with corresponding high-speed data acquisition card, the interference spectum signal obtained
f i with produced by frequency multiplier 7 carry the radiofrequency signal that light combs frequency jitter
nf 3 do mixing, to control the phase error of light comb system further, obtain the signal with sample optical information
f signal .It is right to be completed by computing machine 10
f signal the reduction of signal with present, measure and sample optical imagery to realize high-resolution pointwise formula two light comb spectral information.
Embodiment three: be illustrated in figure 3 semispace half optical-fiber type laser instrument based on SESAM as optical frequency com seed source, carry out the schematic diagram of two light comb coherent anti-stokes raman scattering imaging, concrete steps are as follows:
(1) two optical frequency com seed source 1,2 all adopts full fiber type to adopt structure, with 980nm semiconductor laser LD as pumping source, enter in laserresonator by optical fibre wavelength division multiplexer 11, gain fibre 12 is as gain media, fibre optic isolater 13 ensures the Unidirectional of laser, and piezoceramics crystal PZT to be wound in chamber on single-mode fiber.
(2) based on the semispace half optical fiber feature of laserresonator, the use of half-wave plate 25 in polarization beam apparatus 24 mating cavity in chamber, make the fraction of laser light exported from polarization beam apparatus 24 as the output port of optical frequency com seed source 1,2, another part laser is by free space electrooptic modulator EOM, right through tiltedly draping over one's shoulders again, be incident to semiconductor saturable absorbing mirror SESAM, wherein tiltedly drape over one's shoulders the dispersion characteristics that right effect is adjustment laserresonator, make it export ultrashort pulse.Choose reasonable semiconductor saturable absorbing mirror SESAM response wave band and depth of modulation, make the mode-lock status that laserresonator reaches stable.
(3) due to the equal presentation space light output state of two optical frequency com seed sources 1,2, therefore use the beam splitter of corresponding wave band that light is combed light beam splitting.For every platform optical frequency com seed source, its Output of laser is at least divided into three beams, a branch of being used for is incident to repetition frequency locking module 3, is a branch ofly used for entering continuous Frequency Stabilized Lasers and comb interaction module 5 with two light and interact with continuous Frequency Stabilized Lasers, is a branch ofly in addition combed into picture as light.
(4) in repetition frequency locking module 3, the light detected by photodetector comb repetition frequency signal is done mixing by the standard signal triggered with extraneous atomic clock, obtain error signal to amplify, piezoceramics crystal PZT in FEEDBACK CONTROL light comb seed source, thus lock the stability of each optical frequency com output pulse in time domain.
(4) based on the spatial light output characteristic of light comb seed source in the present embodiment, the opticator that continuous Frequency Stabilized Lasers combs interaction module 5 with two light also can adopt space form, it comprises elements such as closing bundle sheet, grating, aperture, plus lens and photodetector, adjust the luffing angle of each element, make the beat signal of acquisition have higher signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio); Electricity part need select two pass bands ± below 10MHz bandpass filter by close for frequency two beat signal leachings out, then carry out mixing by frequency mixer, get its difference frequency signal
f - as the FEEDBACK CONTROL radiofrequency signal of system.
(5) by the Output of laser spectral range broadening of photonic crystal fiber 27 by optical frequency com seed source 1, the parameter such as polarization state, peak power, pulse width of the laser of conservative control input photonic crystal fiber, makes the laser exported from photonic crystal fiber 27 obtain spectral range and covers visible to infrared relative broad range.Femtosecond pulse pump photon crystal optical fibre 27 produces super continuum light spectrum Laser output as pump light source, can realize having wider can the broad band CARS spectrographic detection of detecting light spectrum scope and micro-imaging technique simultaneously.
(6) by the fraction of laser light obtained by optical frequency com seed source 1 beam splitting and the fraction of laser light to be obtained by optical frequency com seed source 2 beam splitting together incidence carry out two light and comb coherent imaging and detect.Two-way laser closes bundle by the dichroic mirror 18 in space, reaches the overlap of light field, co-propagate in space.
(7) close through dichroic mirror 18 the two-way light comb laser restrainted and be first incident to chirped mirror group 28 after total reflective mirror 20 reflects, the Output of laser that light is combed is carried out further dispersion management, compensate and comb power amplifier by laserresonator and light, 2nd order chromatic dispersion that photonic crystal fiber produces and high-order dispersion, make laser reach the output state of Ultra-short pulse, meet the requirement that high resolving power light is combed into picture.
(8) in the process of two light comb coherent anti-stokes raman scattering imaging, the stokes light (detection light) of pump light and the difference by pump light frequency and sample Raman frequency shift by conjunction with phase-matching technique by mixing, laser produces the vibration polarization of frequency upper shift with medium interaction by third-order nonlinear susceptibility, send coherent anti-stokes raman scattering signal.Therefore from chirped mirror 28 export laser first through space low-frequency filter plate 29, the fraction of laser light leaching of acquisition of signal will be used for out in spectral component more complicated for optical frequency com, and by microcobjective 21, the sample be positioned on three-dimensional sample platform 30 is detected, laser after sample, by spatial high-frequency filter plate 31, obtains the coherent anti-stokes raman scattering signal of frequency upper shift to be detected.
(9) in two light comb optical imaging procedures, moved by the three dimensions of three-dimensional sample platform 30, the point by point scanning of complete paired samples, intensity superposition is carried out in all anti-Stokes radiations produced by four-wave mixing in whole Sample Scan process, constitutes interference spectum signal
f i .
(10) in sample data Acquire and process module 9, by above-mentioned periodicity interference signal
f i carry out data acquisition through corresponding high-speed data acquisition card, and by frequency multiplier 7 produce carry light comb frequency jitter radiofrequency signal
nf 3 do mixing, to control the phase error of light comb system further, obtain the signal with sample optical information
f signal .It is right to be completed by computing machine 10
f signal the reduction of signal with present, to realize the imaging of pointwise formula two light comb coherent anti-stokes raman scattering.Method in the present embodiment not only can be used for obtaining high resolving power molecular vibration spectrum and imaging, can also carry out the temperature and concentration test of sample.
Claims (5)
1. the two optical frequency com optical imaging methods based on continuous Frequency Stabilized Lasers, relate to two optical frequency com seed sources, it is characterized in that described optical imaging method comprises the steps: two described optical frequency com seed sources Output of laser to be separately divided into three tunnels;
The first via, the Output of laser of two described optical frequency com seed sources enter respectively frequency control module with by the repetition frequency semaphore lock of described optical frequency com seed source on extraneous atomic clock;
Second tunnel, the Output of laser of two described optical frequency com seed sources and the Output of laser of continuous Frequency Stabilized Lasers generation module are combed in interaction module at continuous sharp Frequency Stabilized Lasers and two light and are carried out beat frequency, produce the close beat signal of two frequencies and leaching out does difference frequency, obtain radiofrequency signal
f - ; Distributed described radiofrequency signal with processing module by RF signal power
f - be divided into three equivalent road signals
f 1 ,
f 2 with
f 3 signal, wherein said signal
f 1 with
f 2 feed back to the electrooptic modulator in two described optical frequency com seed sources and semiconductor laser respectively, to stablize the carrier envelope phase frequency of two described optical frequency com seed source Output of lasers, described signal
f 3 signal is enlarged into through frequency multiplier
nf 3 after enter sample data Acquire and process module;
3rd tunnel, is incident to testing sample using the Output of laser of wherein optical frequency com seed source described in First as detection light, using the Output of laser of wherein second described optical frequency com seed source as with reference to light with described detection photo-beat frequency to obtain interference spectum signal
f i ; Described interference spectum signal
f i enter afterwards in described sample data Acquire and process module with described signal
nf 3 carry out mixing to offset frequency instability, obtain spectral signal
f signal , and to described spectral signal
f signal carry out pointwise reduction, realize the optical imagery of described testing sample.
2. a kind of two optical frequency com optical imaging methods based on continuous Frequency Stabilized Lasers according to claim 1, is characterized in that the Output of laser frequency of two described optical frequency com seed sources is respectively
f comb1 =nf rep + f ceo with f comb2 =n (f rep + Δ f rep )+f ceo ' , wherein f rep it is the repetition frequency of optical frequency com seed source described in First,
Δ f rep the small difference of the repetition frequency of optical frequency com seed source described in second described optical frequency com seed source and First,
f ceo with
f ceo ' represent the carrier envelope phase drift frequency of optical frequency com seed source and second described optical frequency com seed source described in First respectively.
3. a kind of two optical frequency com optical imaging methods based on continuous Frequency Stabilized Lasers according to claim 1, is characterized in that the Output of laser of described continuous Frequency Stabilized Lasers generation module refers to the single longitudinal mode laser of laser frequency live width in Hz magnitude.
4. a kind of two optical frequency com optical imaging methods based on continuous Frequency Stabilized Lasers according to claim 1, is characterized in that being provided with electrooptic modulator and semiconductor laser in the laserresonator in described optical frequency com seed source; Described signal
f 1 act on described electrooptic modulator after being converted to DC voltage, change the refractive index of described electrooptic modulator to adjust the chirp value of described laserresonator and to compensate the long amount of mismatch in its chamber; Described signal
f 2 feed back to described semiconductor laser, the electric current of semiconductor laser described in FEEDBACK CONTROL is with the noisiness of firm described laserresonator.
5. a kind of two optical frequency com optical imaging methods based on continuous Frequency Stabilized Lasers according to claim 1, is characterized in that the frequency of described detection light is
f comb1 =nf rep + f ceo , the frequency of described reference light is f comb2 =n (f rep + Δ f rep )+f ceo ' , obtain after described detection light and described reference light carry out beat frequency being spaced apart Δ f by a series of rep radiofrequency signal composition described interference spectum signal f i .
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Effective date of registration: 20230515 Address after: 401120 No. 2, Floor 2, Building 1, No. 2, Huizhu Road, Yubei District, Chongqing Patentee after: Chongqing Huapu Information Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 401120 No.2 Huizhu Road, Yubei District, Chongqing Patentee before: Chongqing Research Institute of East China Normal University |