CN106197691A - The detection device of a kind of ultrashort pulse carrier envelope phase and detection method - Google Patents
The detection device of a kind of ultrashort pulse carrier envelope phase and detection method Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J9/00—Measuring optical phase difference; Determining degree of coherence; Measuring optical wavelength
- G01J9/02—Measuring optical phase difference; Determining degree of coherence; Measuring optical wavelength by interferometric methods
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J9/00—Measuring optical phase difference; Determining degree of coherence; Measuring optical wavelength
- G01J9/02—Measuring optical phase difference; Determining degree of coherence; Measuring optical wavelength by interferometric methods
- G01J2009/028—Types
- G01J2009/0284—Michelson
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Abstract
nullA kind of detection device of ultrashort pulse carrier envelope phase，Ultrashort pulse laser including the repetition rate locking that light path successively connects、Michelson's interferometer、The first optical filter that optical beam-splitter and the first outfan having with this optical beam-splitter are connected、First photodetector、The second optical filter that multiple is the first electricity multiplier unit of (p 1) times and the second outfan of having with this optical beam-splitter is connected、Second photodetector、Multiple be p times the second electricity multiplier unit and with the first electricity multiplier unit、The electricity mixing and filtering unit that the outfan of the second electricity multiplier unit connects，Use the mode that time domain time delay and frequency domain select，Before and after effectively utilizing Michelson's interferometer coherent detection certain time-delay, pulse selects two different frequency windows through frequency domain again，Extract the signal characterizing carrier envelope phase shake，The measurement of ultrashort pulse laser carrier envelope phase signal is realized by electricity frequency multiplication and optical mixing process.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to detecting technique category, be specifically related to the detection device of a kind of ultrashort pulse carrier envelope phase
And method.
Background technology
Optical frequency com produces and controls the technology advanced subject as scientific research field in recent years, by ultrashort pulse
Repetition rate and carrier envelope phase carry out actively control, it is thus achieved that frequency mode completely stable comb frequencies standard, have essence
Degree is high, the feature of wide ranges, and in accurate spectrum, laser ranging, clock transmits, and astronomy brings breakthrough than reciprocity application scenario
Precision improvement.
The repetition rate of ultrashort pulse can meet the photodetector of requirement by bandwidth and directly measure, and it controls technology mesh
Before the most highly developed, by the way of piezoelectric ceramics or full light formula, all can realize high-precision repetition rate and control.Existing rank
Section, the technological difficulties of optical frequency com concentrate in measurement and the control of ultrashort pulse carrier envelope phase, and conventional detection carries
The mode of wave envelope phase place is the f-2f method of self-reference, and the method needs first by ultrashort pulse power amplification, then carries out super company
Continuous spectrum widening is to its frequency multiplication layer, simultaneously by ultrashort pulse frequency-doubling, then by the pulse after broadening and the pulse beat frequency after frequency multiplication, it is thus achieved that
Carrier envelope phase signal.Owing to ultrashort pulse is during power amplification, super continuous spectrums broadening, self-reference beat frequency, by each
The impact etc. of the external environment in kind nonlinear effect and detection process, it is difficult to the meeting avoided introduces phase noise, affects carrier wave
The accuracy of envelope phase signal, the control accuracy causing light to be combed is restricted.
Therefore, existing based on ultrashort pulse power amplification, super continuous spectrums broadening and the self-reference f-2f of optics two frequency multiplication
The phase noise that mode detection system introduces is big, and detection mode is complicated, and carrier envelope phase precision is limited, limits optical frequency
Comb as frequency standard in high precision in the application of the external pelivimetry of laboratory.
Summary of the invention
The present invention solves the problems referred to above, it is provided that the detection device of a kind of ultrashort pulse carrier envelope phase and detection side
Method, the mode using time domain time delay and frequency domain to select, extract the signal characterizing carrier envelope phase shake, it is to avoid traditional load
The two-phonon process such as ultrashort pulse super continuous spectrums broadening, optics two frequency multiplication in wave envelope phase measurement mode, reduces detection noise, letter
Change detection mode, improve detection accuracy.
A kind of detection device of ultrashort pulse carrier envelope phase, it is characterised in that: include the repetition that light path connects successively
The ultrashort pulse laser of frequency lock, Michelson's interferometer, optical beam-splitter and with this optical beam-splitter have first
The first optical filter that outfan is connected, the first photodetector, multiple be (p-1) times the first electricity multiplier unit and with
The second optical filter that the second outfan that this optical beam-splitter has is connected, the second photodetector, multiple are the of p times
The electricity mixing filter that two electricity multiplier unit and the outfan with the first electricity multiplier unit, the second electricity multiplier unit are connected
Ripple unit, wherein, Michelson's interferometer includes the acousto-optic modulator that driving frequency is fa that band drives, and p is more than or equal to 2
Integer.
The detection device of the ultrashort pulse carrier envelope phase that the present invention provides, it is also possible to have the feature that, it is special
Levy and be: the ultrashort pulse laser of repetition rate locking includes ultrashort pulse laser and repetition rate locking module, ultrashort
Including the components and parts that can change chamber length in pulse laser, repetition rate locking module includes the photodetection being sequentially connected with
Device, signal generator, frequency mixer, error signal filter unit and amplifier, photodetector is used for measuring ultrashort pulse
The repetition rate of laser instrument, signal generator is used for sending standard signal, and frequency mixer is used for obtaining error signal, and error signal is filtered
Ripple unit and amplifier are for being filtered error signal and amplifying, and this is used for driving with the error signal amplified after filtering
The components and parts that can change chamber length within ultrashort pulse laser are to lock the repetition rate of ultrashort pulse laser.
The detection device of the ultrashort pulse carrier envelope phase that the present invention provides, it is also possible to have the feature that, it is special
Levy and be: wherein, chamber mirror, optical fiber, optical time delay line and band that the components and parts of chamber length include being bonded on piezoelectric ceramics can be changed
The doped fiber of pumping.
The detection device of the ultrashort pulse carrier envelope phase that the present invention provides, it is also possible to have the feature that, it is special
Levy and be: wherein, Michelson's interferometer also include beam splitting chip or fiber coupler, first faraday's reflecting mirror, second farad
Reflecting mirror and time delay crystal or time delay optical fiber, beam splitting chip or fiber coupler are for ultrashort arteries and veins repetition rate locked
Rush the ultrashort pulse of the repetition rate locking that laser instrument sends and be divided into two-beam by the power ratio of 1:1: light beam is directly over the
One faraday's reflecting mirror reflection, returns to beam splitting chip or fiber coupler；Another light beam first passes through time delay crystal or time delay optical fiber
After again through acousto-optic modulator, eventually pass second faraday's reflecting mirror reflection after again sequentially pass through acousto-optic modulator, time delay
Returning to beam splitting chip or fiber coupler after crystal or time delay optical fiber, two bundle reflection light close on beam splitting chip or fiber coupler
Become a branch of rear output to optical beam-splitter.
The detection device of the ultrashort pulse carrier envelope phase that the present invention provides, it is also possible to have the feature that, it is special
Levy and be: wherein, optical beam-splitter be splitting ratio be semi-transparent semi-reflecting eyeglass or the fiber coupler of 1:1.
The detection device of the ultrashort pulse carrier envelope phase that the present invention provides, it is also possible to have the feature that, it is special
Levy and be: the first optical filter and the second optical filter be logical optical wavelength mutually different narrow-band filtering eyeglass or light
Fine grating or optical fiber filter, this first optical filter and the second optical filter are used for completely cutting off specific wavelength and think wavelength
Laser and only allow the laser of specific wavelength to pass through.
The detection device of the ultrashort pulse carrier envelope phase that the present invention provides, it is also possible to have the feature that, it is special
Levy and be: wherein, the first photodetector and the second photodetector be that band is wider than 2faAnd wavelength response range comprises super
The photodetector of short-pulse laser output wavelength.
The detection device of the ultrashort pulse carrier envelope phase that the present invention provides, it is also possible to have the feature that, it is special
Levying and be: wherein, the span of p is the integer of 2-20.
The present invention also provides for a kind of using the detection device of above-mentioned ultrashort pulse carrier envelope phase to detect ultrashort arteries and veins
The detection method of carrier envelope phase signal of punching, it is characterised in that include following operation:
Operation one, ultrashort pulse laser repetition rate locked is at specific optical frequency 1 and optical frequency 2
Optical frequency is expressed as: ngfr+f0, mgfr+f0, wherein, frIt is the repetition rate of ultrashort pulse, f0It it is the carrier envelope phase of ultrashort pulse
Position deviation frequency, n and m is the frequency ordinal number at optical frequency 1 and optical frequency 2 respectively, n and m is positive integer；
Operation two, the ultrashort pulse of Michelson's interferometer output is divided into power 1:1 two bundle after optical beam-splitter
Light: light beam is chosen through the first optical filter, optical frequency, is then incident on the first photodetector, now this detector
The beat signal detected is: f1=2fa+V(ngfr+f0+2fa)；Another light beam is through the second optical filter, and optical frequency is selected
Selecting, be then incident on the second photodetector, the beat signal that now this detector detects is: f2=2fa+V(mgfr+f0+
2fa), wherein g is Lande factor, V (ngfr+f0+2fa) represent (ngfr+f0+2fa) shake of signal, V (mgfr+f0+2fa) table
Show (mgfr+f0+2fa) shake of signal；
Operation three, beat signal f1 through the electricity frequency multiplication of (p-1) times, beat signal f2 through the electricity frequency multiplication of p times, two
Signal after individual frequency multiplication is coupled to electricity mixing and filtering unit, selects pgf2-(p-1) gf1=2f by filteringa+Vf0+2Vfa+V
[(pgm-pgn+n)gfr] signal, then signal 2fa+Vf0I.e. 2V is the carrier envelope phase signal of ultrashort pulse.
Invention effect and effect
According to the detection device of the ultrashort pulse carrier envelope phase that the present invention provides, due to completely without to ultrashort arteries and veins
Rush in these operations of row power amplification, super continuous spectrums broadening and optics two frequency multiplication, therefore avoid in above-mentioned two-phonon process and introduce
Phase noise, thus improve carrier envelope phase detection precision.
Further, since use Michelson's interferometer as time domain time-delay mechanism, before and after directly measuring, it is separated by certain time
The carrier envelope phase shake of pulse train, system and device is simpler, and detection stability is higher.
Further, since use the mode that frequency domain selects, the beat frequency two different frequency window coherent detection pulses is believed
Number, by selecting frequency interval and window size flexibly, Frequency domain noise can be reduced, improve detectivity.
Further, owing to circuit processing part of the present invention only carries out frequency multiplication and mixing operation to incoming signal, belong to non-
The most ripe processing of circuit technology, the noise in electronic circuits of introducing is low；The acousto-optic that band drives is added in Michelson's interferometer
Manipulator, by the mid frequency of the carrier deviation of beat signal to acousto-optic modulator, that can effectively suppress near zero-frequency is low
Frequently noise.
Further, the ultrashort pulse laser based on repetition rate locking that the present invention uses, eliminate weight
The complex frequency impact on ultrashort pulse carrier envelope phase, the carrier envelope phase signal therefore detected is more accurate.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the principle schematic of the detection device of the ultrashort pulse carrier envelope phase that the present invention provides；
The structural representation of the detection device of the ultrashort pulse carrier envelope phase of the space structure of Fig. 2 embodiment of the present invention one
Figure；
The structural representation of the detection device of the ultrashort pulse carrier envelope phase of the optical fiber structure of Fig. 3 embodiment of the present invention two
Figure；And
The structure of the detection device of the ultrashort pulse carrier envelope phase of the high-precision feedback of Fig. 4 embodiment of the present invention three
Schematic diagram.
Detailed description of the invention
For the technological means making the present invention realize, creation characteristic, reach purpose and be easy to understand with effect, real below
Execute example and combine accompanying drawing to the principle steps of the detection device of the ultrashort pulse carrier envelope phase of the present invention and structure, use effect
Fruit is specifically addressed.
Fig. 1 is the principle schematic of the detection device of the ultrashort pulse carrier envelope phase that the present invention provides.
As it is shown in figure 1, the detection device of ultrashort pulse carrier envelope phase includes the repetition rate lock that light path connects successively
Fixed ultrashort pulse laser 10, Michelson's interferometer 20, optical beam-splitter 30 and with this optical beam-splitter 10 have
First optical filter the 41, first photodetector 42, multiple that one outfan is connected are (p-1) first electricity frequency multiplication lists again
Second optical filter the 51, second photodetector that unit 43 and the second outfan having with this optical beam-splitter 30 are connected
52, multiple be p times the second electricity multiplier unit 53 and with first electricity multiplier unit the 43, second electricity multiplier unit 53
The electricity mixing and filtering unit 60 that outfan connects,
The repetition rate of ultrashort pulse laser 10 has locked, and can meet the photodetector of requirement by bandwidth straight
Connect the repetition rate measuring ultrashort pulse, then compare with standard-frequency signal, extract error through mixing, low-pass filtering
Signal, then error signal is scaling, integral differential processes the moveable device within rear drive ultrashort pulse laser 10,
Such as the eyeglass being bonded on piezoelectric ceramics or optical fiber, locking all can be realized.The lock-in techniques of above-mentioned repetition rate is this area
Conventional public technology, the ultrashort pulse laser of repetition rate locking is the primary light source module of the present invention, and this light source is specific
Optical frequency 1 and optical frequency 2 at optical frequency can be expressed as: ngfr+f0, mgfr+f0, wherein, fr is the weight of ultrashort pulse
Complex frequency, f0 is the carrier envelope phase deviation frequency of ultrashort pulse, n and m is the frequency sequence at frequency 1 and frequency 2 respectively
Number, is positive integer.
The output pulse of ultrashort pulse laser 10, is coupled to Michelson's interferometer 20, and Michelson's interferometer 20 wraps
Include light-splitting device, two faraday rotator mirrors, time delay crystal or time delay optical fiber, and the acousto-optic modulation that a band drives
Device, driving frequency is fa.First ultrashort pulse incides the light-splitting device of interferometer, is divided into two-beam, and a road light is through
One faraday rotator mirror reflection, returns on the light-splitting device of interferometer；Another road light is brilliant through time delay first for the first time
Body or time delay optical fiber, then the acousto-optic modulator driven through band for the first time, be then passed through second faraday rotator mirror
Reflection, then second time is through band driving acousto-optic modulator, second time, through time delay crystal or time delay optical fiber, returns to interferometer
On light-splitting device.There is coherent interference in two-beam on the light-splitting device of interferometer, synthesizes light beam, from Michelson's interferometer
Light-splitting device on export.
Ultrashort pulse after Michelson's interferometer 20 output, through optical beam-splitter 30, is divided into two bundles according to power 1:1
Light, light beam is chosen through the first optical filter 41, optical frequency, is then incident on the first photodetector 42, now this spy
The beat signal that survey device detects is: f1=2fa+V(ngfr+f0+2fa)；Another light beam is through the second optical filter 51, light
Frequency is chosen, and is then incident on the second photodetector 52, and the beat signal that now this detector detects is: f2=2fa+V
(mgfr+f0+2fa).Beat signal f1 passes through (p-1) electricity frequency multiplication again, and p is the positive integer of 2-20, and beat signal f2 is through p
Electricity frequency multiplication again, the signal after two frequencys multiplication is coupled to electricity mixing filter, selects pgf2-(p-1) gf1=by filtering
2fa+Vf0+2Vfa+V[(pgm-pgn+n)gfr] signal.In the signal that above-mentioned filtering selects, fa is the driving of acousto-optic modulator
Frequency, comes from standard signal, and therefore Vfa is equivalent to the shake of standard signal, negligible；V[(pgm-pgn+n)gfr]
Being the shake of repetition rate shake integral multiple, owing to repetition rate has locked, it shakes relative f0Shake for the least, also
Being negligible, in the signal therefore finally given, effective ingredient is only mid frequency at 2fa, shakes the letter consistent with Vf0
Number i.e. 2fa+Vf0, this signal is exactly the carrier envelope phase signal of ultrashort pulse.
Embodiment one
The structural representation of the detection device of the ultrashort pulse carrier envelope phase of the space structure of Fig. 2 the present embodiment one.
The detection device of the ultrashort pulse carrier envelope phase of the space structure of the present embodiment is described below in conjunction with Fig. 2
Concrete structure.
The detection device of the ultrashort pulse carrier envelope phase of space structure includes the ultrashort arteries and veins of a repetition rate locking
Rush 2, optical beam-splitter 3, first optical filter 4-1 of Michelson's interferometer of 1, space structure of laser instrument,
Two optical filter 4-2, the first photodetector 5-1, the second photodetector 5-2, multiple are the first electricity frequency multiplication lists of 2 times
Unit 6-1, multiple is the second electricity multiplier unit 6-2, the electricity mixing and filtering unit 7 of 3 times.
Ultrashort pulse laser selects centre wavelength 1040nm, spectral region 1030 to arrive 1050nm, repetition rate 60MHz
Ytterbium-doping optical fiber laser, its repetition rate has locked, and the photodetector being met requirement by bandwidth is directly measured ultrashort
The repetition rate of pulse, then the signal with standard 60MHz frequency compares, and extracts error signal through mixing, low-pass filtering,
Again that error signal is scaling, integral differential processes the mirror being bonded on piezoelectric ceramics within rear drive ultrashort pulse laser
Sheet realizes locking.The lock-in techniques of above-mentioned repetition rate is the conventional public technology of this area, the ultrashort arteries and veins of repetition rate locking
Rushing the primary light source module that laser instrument is the present invention, this light source is at specific optical frequency 1, correspondence optical wavelength 1035nm and light
Learning frequency 2, the optical frequency at corresponding optical wavelength 1045nm can be expressed as: ngfr+f0, mgfr+f0, wherein, fr is ultrashort pulse
Repetition rate, f0 is the carrier envelope phase deviation frequency of ultrashort pulse, n and m is in frequency 1 respectively, wavelength 1035nm and
Frequency 2, the frequency ordinal number at wavelength 1045nm, it is positive integer.
The output pulse of ultrashort pulse laser, is coupled to Michelson's interferometer 2, and Michelson's interferometer 2 includes point
Bundle mirror 2-1, two faraday rotator mirror 2-2 and 2-5, time delay crystal 2-3, and the acousto-optic modulator 2-4 that a band drives,
Driving frequency is fa=80MHz.First ultrashort pulse incides the beam splitter of interferometer, is divided into two-beam, and a road light passes through
First faraday rotator mirror 2-2 reflection, returns to the beam splitter 2-1 of interferometer；Another road light is first for the first time through prolonging
Shi Jingti 2-3, then the acousto-optic modulator 2-4 driven through band for the first time, be then passed through second faraday rotator mirror 2-5
Reflection, then second time is through band driving acousto-optic modulator 2-4, second time, through time delay crystal 2-3, returns to the beam splitter of interferometer
On 2-1.There is coherent interference in two-beam on the beam splitter 2-1 of interferometer, synthesizes light beam, dividing from Michelson's interferometer
Export on bundle mirror 2-1.
Ultrashort pulse after Michelson's interferometer 2 output, through optical beam-splitter 3, is divided into two-beam according to power 1:1,
Light beam is through optical filter 4-1, and the centre wavelength of wave filter is 1035nm, bandwidth 2nm, and optical frequency is chosen, then incident
To photodetector 5-1, the beat signal that now detector detects is: f1=2fa+V(ngfr+f0+2fa)；Another light beam warp
Crossing optical filter 4-2, the centre wavelength of wave filter is 1045nm, bandwidth 2nm, and optical frequency is chosen, and is then incident on light electrical resistivity survey
Surveying device 5-2, the beat signal that now detector detects is: f2=2fa+V(mgfr+f0+2fa).Beat signal f1 is through 2 times
Electricity frequency multiplication, beat signal f2 is through the electricity frequency multiplication of 3 times, and the signal after two frequencys multiplication is coupled to electricity mixing filter,
3f2-2f1=2f is selected by filteringa+Vf0+2Vfa+V[(3m-2n)fr] signal.In above-mentioned signal, faIt it is acousto-optic modulator
Driving frequency, come from standard signal, therefore Vfa is equivalent to the shake of standard signal, negligible；V[(3m-2n)
gfr] be repetition rate shake integral multiple shake, owing to repetition rate has locked, it shakes relative f0Shake for very
Little, it is also possible to ignore, in the signal therefore finally given, effective ingredient is only mid frequency at 2fa, shake and Vf0Unanimously
Signal, this signal 2fa+Vf0It it is exactly the carrier envelope phase signal of ultrashort pulse.
The effect of embodiment and effect
The detection device of the ultrashort pulse carrier envelope phase of the space structure according to the present embodiment offer, at each optics
Come propagated laser signal, such setting by air between device being, facilitate each light path devices position and arrange,
Simultaneously because do not use other optics to connect, decrease cost and the device interference to signal itself.
Embodiment two
The structural representation of the detection device of the ultrashort pulse carrier envelope phase of the optical fiber structure of Fig. 3 the present embodiment two.
The detection device of the ultrashort pulse carrier envelope phase of the optical fiber structure of the present embodiment is described below in conjunction with Fig. 3
Concrete structure.
The detection device of the ultrashort pulse carrier envelope phase of optical fiber structure includes the ultrashort arteries and veins of a repetition rate locking
Rush 1, all optical fibre structure of laser instrument 2, optical beam-splitter 3, first optical filter 4-1 of Michelson's interferometer,
Second optical filter 4-2, the first photodetector 5-1, the second photodetector 5-2, multiple are the electricity multiplier unit of 2 times
6, electricity mixing and filtering unit 7.
Ultrashort pulse laser 1 selects centre wavelength 1550nm, spectral region 1530 to 1570nm, repetition rate 80MHz
Erbium doped fiber laser, its repetition rate has locked, and excess of export directly measured by the photodetector being met requirement by bandwidth
The repetition rate of short pulse punching, then the signal with standard 80MHz frequency compares, and extracts error letter through mixing, low-pass filtering
Number, then error signal is scaling, integral differential processes being bonded on piezoelectric ceramics within rear drive ultrashort pulse laser
Eyeglass realize locking.The lock-in techniques of above-mentioned repetition rate is the conventional public technology of this area, surpassing of repetition rate locking
Short-pulse laser is the primary light source module of the present invention, and this light source is at specific optical frequency 1, correspondence optical wavelength 1540nm
With optical frequency 2, the optical frequency at corresponding optical wavelength 1560nm can be expressed as: ngfr+f0, mgfr+f0, wherein, fr is ultrashort
The repetition rate of pulse, f0 is the carrier envelope phase deviation frequency of ultrashort pulse, n and m is at frequency 1, wavelength respectively
1540nm and frequency 2, the frequency ordinal number at wavelength 1560nm, it is positive integer.
The output pulse of ultrashort pulse laser, is coupled to Michelson's interferometer, and Michelson's interferometer includes coupling
Than fiber coupler 2-1, two optical fiber type faraday rotator mirror 2-2 and 2-5 for 1:1, time delay optical fiber 2-3, and one
The optical fiber type acousto-optic modulator 2-4 that band drives, driving frequency is fa=60MHz.First ultrashort pulse incides the light of interferometer
Fine bonder 2-1, is divided into two-beam, and a road light reflects through first optical fiber type faraday rotator mirror 2-2, returns to do
The fiber coupler 2-1 of interferometer；Another road light is first for the first time through time delay optical fiber 2-3, then the light driven through band for the first time
Fine formula acousto-optic modulator 2-4, is then passed through second optical fiber type faraday rotator mirror 2-5 reflection, then second time is through band
Optical fiber type acousto-optic modulator 2-4, second time is driven through time delay optical fiber 2-3, to return on interferometer fiber coupler 2-1.Two bundles
There is coherent interference in light on the fiber coupler 2-1 of interferometer, synthesizes light beam, couples from the optical fiber of Michelson's interferometer
Export on device 2-1.
Ultrashort pulse after Michelson's interferometer output, through optical coupler 3, is divided into two-beam according to power 1:1,
Light beam is through optical filter 4-1, and the centre wavelength of wave filter is 1540nm, bandwidth 1nm, and optical frequency is chosen, then incident
To photodetector 5-1, the beat signal that now detector detects is: f1=2fa+V(ngfr+f0+2fa)；Another light beam warp
Crossing optical filter 4-2, the centre wavelength of wave filter is 1560nm, bandwidth 1nm, and optical frequency is chosen, and is then incident on light electrical resistivity survey
Surveying device 5-2, the beat signal that now detector detects is: f2=2fa+V(mgfr+f0+2fa).Beat signal f1 is without again
Frequently, being equivalent to the electricity frequency multiplication through 0 times, beat signal f2 is through the electricity frequency multiplication of 2 times, and the signal after two frequencys multiplication is coupled to
Electricity mixing filter, selects 2f2-f1=2f by filteringa+Vf0+2Vfa+V[(2m-n)fr] signal.In above-mentioned signal,
Fa is the driving frequency of acousto-optic modulator, comes from standard signal, and therefore Δ fa is equivalent to the shake of standard signal, negligible；V
[(2m-n)gfr] be repetition rate shake integral multiple shake, owing to repetition rate has locked, it shakes relative f0Shake
For the least, can ignore, in the signal therefore finally given, effective ingredient is only mid frequency at 2fa, shake and Vf0Unanimously
Signal, this signal 2fa+Vf0It it is exactly the carrier envelope phase signal of ultrashort pulse.
The effect of embodiment and effect
The detection device of the ultrashort pulse carrier envelope phase of the optical fiber structure according to the present embodiment offer, owing to making to use up
Each light device is coupled together by fibre, and such setting makes the propagation of light carry out in a fiber, decreases in external environment
Temperature, humidity and physical vibration, on the impact of optical signal during measuring, further increase the precision of measurement, select simultaneously
The lower-cost optical fiber of technology maturation is as transmission apparatus, it is easier to realize.
Embodiment three
The structure of the detection device of the ultrashort pulse carrier envelope phase of the high-precision feedback of Fig. 4 embodiment of the present invention three
Schematic diagram.
The detection dress of the ultrashort pulse carrier envelope phase of the high-precision feedback of the present embodiment is described below in conjunction with Fig. 4
The concrete structure put.
The detection device of the ultrashort pulse carrier envelope phase of high-precision feedback includes the super of a repetition rate locking
2, optical beam-splitter 3, first optical filter of the Michelson's interferometer of 1, all optical fibre structure of short-pulse laser
4-1, the second optical filter 4-2, the first photodetector 5-1, the second photodetector 5-2, multiple are the electricity frequencys multiplication of 2 times
Unit the 6, first electricity mixing and filtering unit the 7, second electricity mixing and filtering unit 8.
Ultrashort pulse laser selects centre wavelength 1550nm, spectral region 1530 to arrive 1570nm, repetition rate 80MHz
Erbium doped fiber laser, its repetition rate has locked, and the photodetector being met requirement by bandwidth is directly measured ultrashort
The repetition rate of pulse, then the signal with standard 80MHz frequency compares, and extracts error signal through mixing, low-pass filtering,
Again that error signal is scaling, integral differential processes the mirror being bonded on piezoelectric ceramics within rear drive ultrashort pulse laser
Sheet realizes locking.The lock-in techniques of above-mentioned repetition rate is the conventional public technology of this area, the ultrashort arteries and veins of repetition rate locking
Rushing the primary light source module that laser instrument is the present invention, this light source is at specific optical frequency 1, correspondence optical wavelength 1540nm and light
Learning frequency 2, the optical frequency at corresponding optical wavelength 1560nm can be expressed as: ngfr+f0, mgfr+f0, wherein, frIt it is ultrashort pulse
Repetition rate, f0Being the carrier envelope phase deviation frequency of ultrashort pulse, n and m is in frequency 1 respectively, wavelength 1540nm and
Frequency 2, the frequency ordinal number at wavelength 1560nm, it is positive integer.
The output pulse of ultrashort pulse laser, is coupled to Michelson's interferometer, and Michelson's interferometer includes coupling
Than fiber coupler 2-1, two optical fiber type faraday rotator mirror 2-2 and 2-5 for 1:1, time delay optical fiber 2-3, and one
The optical fiber type acousto-optic modulator 2-4 that band drives, driving frequency is fa=60MHz.First ultrashort pulse incides the light of interferometer
Fine bonder 2-1, is divided into two-beam, and a road light reflects through first optical fiber type faraday rotator mirror 2-2, returns to do
The fiber coupler 2-1 of interferometer；Another road light is first for the first time through time delay optical fiber 2-3, then the light driven through band for the first time
Fine formula acousto-optic modulator 2-4, is then passed through second optical fiber type faraday rotator mirror 2-5 reflection, then second time is through band
Optical fiber type acousto-optic modulator 2-4, second time is driven through time delay optical fiber 2-3, to return on interferometer fiber coupler 2-1.Two bundles
There is coherent interference in light on the fiber coupler 2-1 of interferometer, synthesizes light beam, couples from the optical fiber of Michelson's interferometer
Export on device 2-1.
Ultrashort pulse after Michelson's interferometer output, through optical coupler 3, is divided into two-beam according to power 1:1,
Light beam is through optical filter 4-1, and the centre wavelength of wave filter is 1540nm, bandwidth 1nm, and optical frequency is chosen, then incident
To photodetector 5-1, the beat signal that now detector detects is: f1=2fa+V(ngfr+f0+2fa)；Another light beam warp
Crossing optical filter 4-2, the centre wavelength of wave filter is 1560nm, bandwidth 1nm, and optical frequency is chosen, and is then incident on light electrical resistivity survey
Surveying device 5-2, the beat signal that now detector detects is: f2=2fa+V(mgfr+f0+2fa).Beat signal f1 is without again
Frequently, being equivalent to the electricity frequency multiplication through 1 times, beat signal f2 is through the electricity frequency multiplication of 2 times, and the signal after two frequencys multiplication is coupled to
Electricity mixing filter, selects 2f2-f1=2f by filteringa+Vf0+2Vfa+V[(2m-n)fr] signal.In above-mentioned signal,
Fa is the driving frequency of acousto-optic modulator, comes from standard signal, and therefore Δ fa is equivalent to the shake of standard signal, negligible；V
[(2m-n)gfr] be repetition rate shake integral multiple shake, owing to repetition rate has locked, it shakes relative f0Shake
For the least, can ignore, in the signal therefore finally given, effective ingredient is only mid frequency at 2fa, shake and Vf0Unanimously
Signal, this signal 2fa+Vf0It it is exactly the carrier envelope phase signal of ultrashort pulse.
Meanwhile, from the output signal of telecommunication of photodetector 5-1 and the output signal of telecommunication of photodetector 5-2 are each, one is separated
Road, is directly inputted to electricity mixing and filtering unit 8, and now, the difference signal of two signals is: f2-f1=(m-n) Vfr, this letter
Number it is the dither signal of ultrashort pulse laser repetition rate, the error letter that can control directly as laser instrument repetition rate
Number, it is coupled to ultrashort pulse laser repetition rate control module, improves the control progress of repetition rate further, and then obtain
Precision higher carrier envelope phase measurement result.
The effect of embodiment and effect
According to the detection device of the high-precision feedback ultrashort pulse carrier envelope phase that the present embodiment provides, owing to arranging
Having optical signal feedback route, such setting can realize automatically adjusting, and the most further improves the precision of detection.
Claims (9)
1. the detection device of a ultrashort pulse carrier envelope phase, it is characterised in that:
Including light path successively connect repetition rate locking ultrashort pulse laser, Michelson's interferometer, optical beam-splitter
With
The first optical filter that the first outfan having with this optical beam-splitter is connected, the first photodetector, multiple are
(p-1) the first electricity multiplier unit again, and
The second optical filter that the second outfan having with this optical beam-splitter is connected, the second photodetector, multiple are p
The second electricity multiplier unit again, and
The electricity mixing and filtering list being connected with the outfan of described first electricity multiplier unit, described second electricity multiplier unit
Unit,
Wherein, described Michelson's interferometer includes that the driving frequency that band drives is faAcousto-optic modulator, p is more than or equal to 2
Integer.
The detection device of ultrashort pulse carrier envelope phase the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The ultrashort pulse laser of described repetition rate locking includes ultrashort pulse laser and repetition rate locking module,
Described ultrashort pulse laser includes the components and parts that can change chamber length,
Described repetition rate locking module includes that the photodetector being sequentially connected with, signal generator, frequency mixer, error signal are filtered
Ripple unit and amplifier, described photodetector is for measuring the repetition rate of described ultrashort pulse laser, described letter
Number generator is used for sending standard signal, and described frequency mixer is used for obtaining error signal, described error signal filter unit and putting
Big device is for being filtered described error signal and amplifying, and this is used for the error signal amplified driving described surpassing after filtering
The described components and parts of chamber length that can change within short-pulse laser are to lock the repetition rate of described ultrashort pulse laser.
The detection device of ultrashort pulse carrier envelope phase the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:
Wherein, the described components and parts that can change chamber length include chamber mirror, optical fiber, optical time delay line and the band being bonded on piezoelectric ceramics
The doped fiber of pumping.
Ultrashort pulse carrier envelope phase the most according to claim 1 detection device, it is characterised in that:
Wherein, described Michelson's interferometer also include beam splitting chip or fiber coupler, first faraday's reflecting mirror, second farad
Reflecting mirror and time delay crystal or time delay optical fiber,
Described beam splitting chip or fiber coupler are for the repetition frequency sent by the ultrashort pulse laser that described repetition rate locks
The ultrashort pulse of rate locking is divided into two-beam by the power ratio of 1:1: it is anti-that light beam is directly over described first faraday's reflecting mirror
Penetrate, return to described beam splitting chip or fiber coupler；Another light beam passes through after first passing through described time delay crystal or time delay optical fiber again
Described acousto-optic modulator, eventually pass described second faraday's reflecting mirror reflection after again sequentially pass through described acousto-optic modulator,
Returning to described beam splitting chip or fiber coupler after described time delay crystal or described time delay optical fiber, two bundle reflection light are at described point
A branch of rear output is synthesized to described optical beam-splitter on bundle sheet or fiber coupler.
The detection device of ultrashort pulse carrier envelope phase the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Wherein, described optical beam-splitter be splitting ratio be semi-transparent semi-reflecting eyeglass or the fiber coupler of 1:1.
The detection device of ultrashort pulse carrier envelope phase the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The first described optical filter and the second optical filter be logical optical wavelength mutually different narrow-band filtering eyeglass or
Fiber grating or optical fiber filter, this first optical filter and the second optical filter are used for completely cutting off specific wavelength and think ripple
Long laser and only allow the laser of specific wavelength to pass through.
The detection device of ultrashort pulse carrier envelope phase the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Wherein, the first described photodetector and the second photodetector are that band is wider than 2faAnd wavelength response range comprises institute
State the photodetector of ultrashort pulse laser output wavelength.
The survey device that ultrashort pulse carrier envelope phase the most according to claim 1 is visited, it is characterised in that:
Wherein, the span of p is the integer of 2-20.
9. the ultrashort pulse carrier envelope phase detection device that a kind uses in claim 1-8 described in any one is super to detect
The detection method of carrier envelope phase signal of short pulse punching, it is characterised in that include following operation:
Operation one, the ultrashort pulse laser described repetition rate locked is at specific optical frequency 1 and optical frequency 2
Optical frequency is expressed as: ngfr+f0, mgfr+f0, wherein, frIt is the repetition rate of ultrashort pulse, f0It it is the carrier envelope phase of ultrashort pulse
Position deviation frequency, n and m is the frequency ordinal number at optical frequency 1 and optical frequency 2 respectively, n and m is positive integer；
Operation two, the ultrashort pulse of described Michelson's interferometer output is divided into power 1:1 after described optical beam-splitter
Two-beam: light beam is chosen through described first optical filter, optical frequency, is then incident on described first photodetector,
The beat signal that now this detector detects is: f1=2fa+V(ngfr+f0+2fa)；Another light beam is through described second optics
Wave filter, optical frequency is chosen, is then incident on described second photodetector, the beat signal that now this detector detects
For: f2=2fa+V(mgfr+f0+2fa), wherein g is Lande factor, V (ngfr+f0+2fa) represent (ngfr+f0+2fa) signal
Shake, V (mgfr+f0+2fa) represent (mgfr+f0+2fa) shake of signal；
Operation three, beat signal f1 is through the electricity frequency multiplication of (p-1) times, and beat signal f2 is through the electricity frequency multiplication of p times, and two again
Signal after Pin is coupled to described electricity mixing and filtering unit, selects pgf2-(p-1) gf1=2f by filteringa+V f0+2V fa
+V[(pgm-pgn+n)gfr] signal, then signal 2fa+V f0It it is i.e. the carrier envelope phase signal of ultrashort pulse.
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| CN108801476A (en) * | 2018-07-04 | 2018-11-13 | 南京大学 | A kind of optical-fiber type adaptive equalization homodyne measuring system measuring time-varying phase signal |
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| CN113324666A (en) * | 2021-05-28 | 2021-08-31 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Femtosecond laser pulse carrier envelope phase offset frequency detection device and method |
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