CN104305055A - Full-utilization comprehensive processing process for improving value of passion fruit peels - Google Patents
Full-utilization comprehensive processing process for improving value of passion fruit peels Download PDFInfo
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- CN104305055A CN104305055A CN201410623766.5A CN201410623766A CN104305055A CN 104305055 A CN104305055 A CN 104305055A CN 201410623766 A CN201410623766 A CN 201410623766A CN 104305055 A CN104305055 A CN 104305055A
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- Prior art keywords
- pericarp
- fruit peel
- passion flower
- passionflower
- cuticula
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- 238000003809 water extraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000000108 ultra-filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229920002774 Maltodextrin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000005913 Maltodextrin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 244000269722 Thea sinensis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 7
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- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 235000011925 Passiflora alata Nutrition 0.000 claims description 40
- 235000011922 Passiflora incarnata Nutrition 0.000 claims description 40
- 235000013750 Passiflora mixta Nutrition 0.000 claims description 40
- 235000013731 Passiflora van volxemii Nutrition 0.000 claims description 40
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 claims description 10
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- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229930014669 anthocyanidin Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 150000001452 anthocyanidin derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 3
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- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 235000015203 fruit juice Nutrition 0.000 description 2
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- 150000007949 saponins Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 244000115658 Dahlia pinnata Species 0.000 description 1
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- 241000287828 Gallus gallus Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
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- 108010059820 Polygalacturonase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003064 anti-oxidating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000052 vinegar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021419 vinegar Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23F—COFFEE; TEA; THEIR SUBSTITUTES; MANUFACTURE, PREPARATION, OR INFUSION THEREOF
- A23F3/00—Tea; Tea substitutes; Preparations thereof
- A23F3/34—Tea substitutes, e.g. matè; Extracts or infusions thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23G—COCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
- A23G3/00—Sweetmeats; Confectionery; Marzipan; Coated or filled products
- A23G3/34—Sweetmeats, confectionery or marzipan; Processes for the preparation thereof
- A23G3/36—Sweetmeats, confectionery or marzipan; Processes for the preparation thereof characterised by the composition containing organic or inorganic compounds
- A23G3/48—Sweetmeats, confectionery or marzipan; Processes for the preparation thereof characterised by the composition containing organic or inorganic compounds containing plants or parts thereof, e.g. fruits, seeds, extracts
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L19/00—Products from fruits or vegetables; Preparation or treatment thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L21/00—Marmalades, jams, jellies or the like; Products from apiculture; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L21/10—Marmalades; Jams; Jellies; Other similar fruit or vegetable compositions; Simulated fruit products
- A23L21/12—Marmalades; Jams; Jellies; Other similar fruit or vegetable compositions; Simulated fruit products derived from fruit or vegetable solids
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
- A23L33/105—Plant extracts, their artificial duplicates or their derivatives
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
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- Nutrition Science (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
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- Coloring Foods And Improving Nutritive Qualities (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a full-utilization comprehensive processing process for improving the value of passion fruit peels. The process comprises the following steps: performing heat treatment on the passion fruit peels by a multistage backflow hot water extraction method to obtain last-stage extraction liquid and heat-treated passion fruit peels; performing rough filtration, ultrafiltration and reverse osmosis treatment on the last-stage extraction liquid to obtain reverse osmosis permeation liquid and reverse osmosis trapped liquid; adding maltodextrin into the reverse osmosis trapped liquid, and performing spray-drying to obtain passion fruit peel extract; separating the heat-treated passion fruit peels to obtain cuticle peels and sponge layer peels; crushing the sponge layer peels, and mixing the crushed sponge layer peels with passion fruit pulp and honey to obtain honey and passion fruit tea; drying and grinding the cuticle peels to obtain dehydrated cuticle peel powder, and processing the dehydrated cuticle peel powder into a livestock and poultry feed. The process has the advantages that the sponge layer peels have complete shape, color and mouth feel, the active ingredient content of the passion fruit peel extract is relatively high, the passion fruit peels are processed into various products, the complete passion fruits are fully utilized, and no fruit solid waste residues are discharged.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of reduction of discharging and method of comprehensive utilization of processing of farm products discarded object, particularly improve the complete utilization complex processing technology that passion flower-fruit peel is worth.
Background technology
Passionflower has another name called passion fruit, and be the extraordinary fruit in subtropical zone, its pulp acidity is high, with rich flavor, nutritious, is excellent subtropical zone fruit juice production raw material.But passionflower processing enterprise is after processing pulp, and pericarp is discarded by the overwhelming majority.Pericarp as processing waste accounts for about 50% of the full fruit of passionflower, and its discarded entreprise cost of being not only increases, and inefficiencies, wastes a large amount of agricultural production resources, and pollute environment, and the utilization of pericarp seems very necessary and meaningful.
There has been the Patents that more passion flower-fruit peel utilizes at present.Patent (201010138594.4 and 200810073559.1) discloses the method utilizing passion flower-fruit peel to make fruit vinegar; Patent (201310386824.2) utilizes pectinase enzymatic hydrolysis legal system for passion flower-fruit peel juice, provides a kind of processing method being mixed with the composite beverage of passion flower-fruit peel juice; Patent (201210430840.2 and 201310423744.X) utilizes passion flower-fruit peel to machined fermented wine and Spirit, but these methods are after make use of passion flower-fruit peel, still discard the peel residue do not utilized in a large number, and provide only a kind of processing method of product, do not make full use of the active ingredient of passion flower-fruit peel to promote value.Passion flower-fruit peel after drying and crushing is then directly processed into pig feed by patent (201210353626.1), but the value of feed well below food and health products etc., will be difficult to the value embodying passion flower-fruit peel.Patent (200920164771.9) discloses the deep processing assembly line of dahlia fruit juice, fruit seed oil and pericarp pectin, make passionflower obtain good many-sided processing, but except pectin, pericarp is not still fully exploited.Patent (201310289563.2) adopts hot cooking and is manually separated wax layer and the spongy layer that the method combined has peeled off passion flower-fruit peel, and utilize spongy layer to machined passionflower preserved fruit, but the water-soluble active ingredient run off when having discarded wax layer and boiling.
Research shows, passion flower-fruit peel contains the nutriments such as abundant carbohydrate, polysaccharide, flavones and Polyphenols, and dietary fiber content reaches more than 12%, and its ethanol and water extract all have good antioxidation activity.Although existing more research is carried out developing to passion flower-fruit peel, be substantially all confined to certain active component such as dietary fiber, pectin, but also employ more soda acid or organic solvent.Given this, exploitation is a kind of can complete utilization passion flower-fruit peel, can promote it as far as possible and be worth and be very valuable without the complex art technique that harmful chemical uses.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the deficiencies in the prior art, provide the complex processing technology of the passionflower of a kind of resource minimal waste and environmental friendliness processing, key is how to be separated complete to effective active composition, pericarp spongy layer and pericarp cuticula and utilize respectively.
To achieve these goals, present invention employs following technical scheme:
Improve the complete utilization complex processing technology that passion flower-fruit peel is worth, comprise the following steps,
(1) adopt multi-stage countercurrent Hot water extraction to heat-treat passion flower-fruit peel, collect final stage leaching liquor and passionflower heat treatment pericarp;
(2) coarse filtration is carried out to final stage leaching liquor, obtain coarse filtration liquid; Hyperfiltration treatment is carried out to coarse filtration liquid, obtains ultrafiltration permeate; Reverse-osmosis treated is carried out to ultrafiltration permeate, is concentrated into soluble solid content in counter-infiltration trapped fluid and reaches 20%, obtain counter-infiltration permeate and counter-infiltration trapped fluid;
(3) add maltodextrin in the counter-infiltration trapped fluid obtained toward step (2), after stirring, carry out spray drying treatment, obtain passionfruit bark extract; Or counter-infiltration trapped fluid step (2) obtained adds in passionflower pulp by 5% ~ 30% of passionflower pulp quality, is then processed into passionfruit powder by spraying dry or freeze drying;
(4) the passionflower heat treatment pericarp that step (1) obtains is separated into cuticula pericarp and spongy layer pericarp;
(5) break process is carried out to the spongy layer pericarp that step (4) obtains, obtain spongy layer pericarp particle; By spongy layer pericarp particle and passionflower pulp with honey is composite is processed into honey passionflower tea;
(6) the cuticula pericarp that step (4) obtains is carried out drying process, obtain dehydration cuticula pericarp; To dewatering, cuticula pericarp carries out pulverization process, obtains dehydration cuticula fruit peel powder, and utilization dehydration cuticula fruit peel powder replacement part corn flour is processed into the animal and fowl fodder containing passion flower-fruit peel.
Preferably, multi-stage countercurrent Hot water extraction described in step (1) is four-stage counter-current Hot water extraction, its process conditions are: the solid-liquid mass ratio of every grade of lixiviate is 1 ︰ 8 ~ 1 ︰ 10, and the extraction time of every grade of lixiviate is 3 ~ 6min, and the extraction temperature of every grade of lixiviate is 80 ~ 100 DEG C.
Preferably, counter-infiltration permeate is returned step (1) to reuse as diffusion water.
Preferably, in step (3), described maltodextrin adds by 10% ~ 20% of the soluble solid quality in counter-infiltration trapped fluid.
Preferably, in step (3), spray drying treatment process conditions are: be 170 ~ 190 DEG C in inlet temperature, outlet temperature 70 ~ 90 DEG C.
Preferably, in step (5), count by weight, the composite formula of described honey passionflower tea is: the honey of 100 parts, the passionflower pulp of 40 ~ 100 parts and 10 ~ 20 parts of passionflower spongy layer pericarp particles.
Preferably, in step (2), the molecular cut off of the milipore filter that described hyperfiltration treatment uses is 100KD.
Preferably, in step (6), adopt the heated-air drying of 50 DEG C ~ 60 DEG C to pulverize after 15% to cuticula pericarp moisture, obtain dehydration cuticula fruit peel powder, add dehydration cuticula fruit peel powder by 10% ~ 30% of corn flour weight in feed, carry out animal and fowl fodder processing.
Preferably, the spongy layer pericarp that step (4) obtains is processed into preserved fruit or jam.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect that possesses of the present invention:
Adopt optimization method of the present invention, hot leaching process can be made to reach so a kind of equilibrium level, easily the cuticula of passion flower-fruit peel can be separated with spongy layer, but be unlikely to make spongy layer overheated and not shaping, can ensure that spongy layer has complete form, color and luster and mouthfeel, be beneficial to follow-up processing and utilization, decrease water consumption, improve the soluble solid content of pericarp leaching liquor, also obtain active component content leaching liquor high as far as possible simultaneously, thus make passionfruit micromicro be processed into pericarp extract simultaneously, the products such as spongy layer peel foodstuff and pericarp feed, passionfruit bark extract contains polyphenol, anthocyanidin and saponin(e isoreactivity composition, there is stronger oxidation resistance.The General Promotion value of pericarp, take full advantage of the full fruit of passionflower, the discharge of substantially anhydrous fruit solid slag, also can reduce the use of processing water simultaneously.While honey passionflower tea has honeybee product feature, also embody outstanding passionflower local flavor and mouthfeel, and enhanced the dietary fiber of product by pericarp spongy layer, improve the defecating feces excretion of bee product.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the complete utilization complex processing technology that raising passion flower-fruit peel of the present invention is worth.
Fig. 2 is the processing process figure of four-stage counter-current hot water extraction passion flower-fruit peel of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below by embodiment and accompanying drawing, technical scheme of the present invention is further elaborated.
Embodiment 1
In passionflower pulp process, passionflower raw material, through machinery or artificial cutting, after separating belt seed pulp, obtains the passion flower-fruit peel dividing half.Band seed pulp is processed into passionflower pulp.
Passion flower-fruit peel is placed in pot for solvent extraction, adopts four-stage counter-current Hot water extraction to process.Concrete steps are: with 5 pot for solvent extraction composition production lines, the pericarp in each pot for solvent extraction and the weight ratio of industrial water are 1 ︰ 8 ~ 1 ︰ 10, respectively lixiviate 3 ~ 6min, and the pericarp of every tank is just discharged by the bottom of tank after tinning until at the end of the 4th lixiviate; Industrial water then carries out lixiviate by counter-flow between each tank, that is: after passion flower-fruit peel I loads pot for solvent extraction 1, lixiviate process is carried out with the leaching liquor D separated by pot for solvent extraction 2, liquid now in pot for solvent extraction 1 carries out the 4th lixiviate and passion flower-fruit peel I carries out first time lixiviate, Separation of Solid and Liquid is carried out after lixiviate terminates, collect leaching liquor E carries out next step production as final stage leaching liquor, pericarp is stayed in pot for solvent extraction 1 and is waited for second time lixiviate; Original pericarp of pot for solvent extraction 2 and pot for solvent extraction 3 is then by carrying out lixiviate process from leaching liquor C and B of pot for solvent extraction 3 and pot for solvent extraction 4 respectively, and the leaching liquor temperature of pot for solvent extraction 1,2,3 remains on 80 DEG C ~ 100 DEG C; The industrial water A adding 80 DEG C ~ 100 DEG C in pot for solvent extraction 4 carries out lixiviate to passion flower-fruit peel IV, when the passion flower-fruit peel IV of pot for solvent extraction 4 is after 3 hot water extraction, inject ordinary temperature production water A to carry out carrying out the 4th lixiviate to passion flower-fruit peel IV, ordinary temperature production water A plays the effect cooled passion flower-fruit peel IV simultaneously, Separation of Solid and Liquid is carried out after 4th lixiviate terminates, be separated the liquid that the obtains leaching liquor B as next stage (i.e. pot for solvent extraction 3) after heating, separation obtain pericarp V discharge enter the workshop section of the separation spongy layer of next step.Pot for solvent extraction 5 is as preparation tank, and when pot for solvent extraction 4 carries out Separation of Solid and Liquid after the 4th lixiviate terminates, pot for solvent extraction 5 loads newly a collection of passion flower-fruit peel, replaces the position of original pot for solvent extraction 1, waits pending first time lixiviate, and counter current hot-water lixiviate is worked continuously.
Research proves, improves the extraction that extraction temperature and extraction time all can improve pericarp water soluble ingredient, is also beneficial to pericarp cuticula with the softening of spongy layer be separated.In raising pericarp water-soluble active ingredient recovery rate, it is more effective that time expand and extracting times ratio improve extraction temperature; In promotion pericarp cuticula is separated with spongy layer, improve extraction temperature more effective than extending extraction time.
Can carry out stripping pericarp cuticula and pericarp spongy layer preferably with hot water treatment more than the passion flower-fruit peel 9min of solid-liquid mass ratio 1 ︰ 10 at 100 DEG C, now the recovery rate of water soluble ingredient is 2.1%.By above-mentioned hot water treatment condition, only the processing time will extend to 20min, now the recovery rate of water soluble ingredient rises to 3.2%, but soft rotten phenomenon has appearred in spongy layer, the percentage of head rice degradation of spongy layer.For this reason, four-stage counter-current extracting method that the present invention is preferred, the extracting condition optimized is: the solid-liquid mass ratio of every grade of lixiviate is 1 ︰ 8 ~ 1 ︰ 10, extraction time is 3 ~ 6min, extraction temperature is 80 ~ 100 DEG C, and the leaching liquor quality obtained after optimization is 7 ~ 9 times of every tank pericarp quality, and pericarp water soluble ingredient recovery rate is 3.3% ~ 4.1%, pericarp cuticula is easily peeled off, but spongy layer is intact not soft rotten.
Embodiment 2
After passionfruit material recall is checked and accepted, after cleaning, manually cut partly, digging slurry, obtain the pericarp dividing half.Adopt flow process shown in Fig. 2, each for passionflower skin 100kg is respectively charged into pot for solvent extraction 1,2,3,4, the hot water of 800kg100 DEG C is added in each pot for solvent extraction, Separation of Solid and Liquid is carried out after insulation lixiviate 3min, wherein, the lixiviate 3 times, 2 times and 1 time respectively of pericarp in pot for solvent extraction 4,3,2, obtain lixiviate respectively 3 times, 2 times and 1 time and do not have the initial material of 4 tank pericarps as counter-flow extraction of lixiviate.Then counter-flow extraction is started, in pot for solvent extraction 4, injecting 1000kg ordinary temperature production water A carry out cooling 2min, obtaining liquid through being heated to 80 DEG C through Separation of Solid and Liquid, i.e. leaching liquor B, leaching liquor B is poured into pot for solvent extraction 3 and carry out 80 DEG C of insulation 6min lixiviate, then Separation of Solid and Liquid obtains leaching liquor C; Leaching liquor C is poured into pot for solvent extraction 2 and carry out insulation 90 DEG C of 5min lixiviates, the then leaching liquor D of Separation of Solid and Liquid; Leaching liquor D is poured into pot for solvent extraction 1 and carry out insulation 100 DEG C of 3min lixiviates, obtain 900kg leaching liquor E after Separation of Solid and Liquid, as calculated, pericarp water soluble ingredient recovery rate is 3.9%.
Embodiment 3
Leaching liquor E is after the impurity elimination of duplex strainer coarse filtration, ultrafiltration is carried out with the milipore filter of 100KD, obtain ultrafiltration permeate, under the pressure of 3MP, through second-level reverse osmosis device, reverse-osmosis treated is carried out to ultrafiltration permeate, be concentrated into soluble solid content in counter-infiltration trapped fluid and, higher than 20%, collect the counter-infiltration trapped fluid of counter-infiltration permeate and rufous respectively.Counter-infiltration permeate reuses as industrial water A, thus reduces the consumption of water resource; Counter-infiltration trapped fluid then enters next workshop section and produces.
Pericarp in pot for solvent extraction 4 cools through industrial water A, and discharges pericarp after Separation of Solid and Liquid.Now, the lixiviate work of pot for solvent extraction 4 mesocarp all completes, and that discharges is pericarp V, will enter the workshop section of the separation spongy layer of next stage.Before pericarp in pot for solvent extraction 4 is discharged completely, in pot for solvent extraction 5, add fresh peel.After pericarp V is discharged, pot for solvent extraction 5 replaces pot for solvent extraction 1 to start new counter-flow extraction process.
Embodiment 4
For the counter-infiltration trapped fluid of above-mentioned gained, maltodextrin is added by 10% ~ 20% of soluble solid quality in counter-infiltration trapped fluid, inlet temperature 180 DEG C after being uniformly dissolved, spraying dry is carried out under the condition that outlet temperature is 80 DEG C, obtain filemot passionfruit bark extract, passionfruit bark extract contains total phenol, anthocyanidin and saponin(e, be rich in the various active components of pericarp, there is stronger oxidation resistance.
According to the needs of passionflower pulp processing enterprise, can counter-infiltration trapped fluid be added in passionflower pulp by 5% ~ 30% of passionflower pulp quality, then the passionfruit powder being rich in oxidation resistance is processed into by the mode such as spraying dry or freeze drying, and the color of pulp does not change substantially, thus improving the biologically active of passionflower pulp or fruit powder, improving product is worth.
Embodiment 5
Operate by above-described embodiment 1, add 800kg industrial water and carry out lixiviate in pot for solvent extraction, the extraction temperature of each tank and time are 85 DEG C of 6min.Finally be separated and obtain 750kg leaching liquor E, pericarp water soluble ingredient recovery rate is 4.1%.After reverse osmosis concentration, add 0.45kg maltodextrin, inlet temperature 180 DEG C after being uniformly dissolved, under the condition that outlet temperature is 80 DEG C, carry out spraying dry, obtain the filemot passionfruit bark extract of 3.87kg.In passionfruit bark extract dry powder, total phenol content and anthocyanidin are respectively 35.7% and 21.2%, have stronger oxidation resistance.
Embodiment 6
Pericarp V after heat treatment has expanded softening, and cuticula and spongy layer occur segregation phenomenon.Pericarp V is spread out on operation post, by cuticula and the spongy layer of the manual separating pericarp of workman, collects complete spongy layer, and cuticula is collected together with other not shaping pericarp.
Operate by above-described embodiment 1, obtain pericarp V 110kg that heat treatment terminates rear discharge.Pericarp V is spread out on operation post, by cuticula and the spongy layer of the manual separating pericarp of workman, collects and obtain subalbous complete spongy layer pericarp 66kg, the light soft continuous free from extraneous odour of mouthfeel.After being broken into particle, with weight parts, by the proportioning mixing of the honey of 100 parts, the passionflower pulp of 100 parts and 20 parts of passionflower spongy layer pericarps, then filling, vacuum capping and 95 DEG C of 20min sterilizations, can be processed into honey passionflower tea.While this product has honeybee product feature, also embody outstanding passionflower local flavor and mouthfeel, and enhance the dietary fiber of product by passionflower spongy layer pericarp, improve the defecating feces excretion of bee product.
Embodiment 7
Operate by above-described embodiment 1, collect pericarp cuticula and other not shaping pericarp 44kg, adopt the heated-air drying of 60 DEG C after 10 hours, to obtain the pericarp 5.8kg that moisture is 9%.Press corn flour weight in feed after being pulverized by pericarp 30% adds, and can be processed into the chicken feed containing passion flower-fruit peel.
Claims (9)
1. improve the complete utilization complex processing technology that passion flower-fruit peel is worth, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(1) adopt multi-stage countercurrent Hot water extraction to heat-treat passion flower-fruit peel, collect final stage leaching liquor and passionflower heat treatment pericarp;
(2) coarse filtration is carried out to final stage leaching liquor, obtain coarse filtration liquid; Hyperfiltration treatment is carried out to coarse filtration liquid, obtains ultrafiltration permeate; Reverse-osmosis treated is carried out to ultrafiltration permeate, is concentrated into soluble solid content in counter-infiltration trapped fluid and, higher than 20%, obtains counter-infiltration permeate and counter-infiltration trapped fluid;
(3) add maltodextrin in the counter-infiltration trapped fluid obtained toward step (2), after stirring, carry out spray drying treatment, obtain passionfruit bark extract; Or counter-infiltration trapped fluid step (2) obtained adds in passionflower pulp by 5% ~ 30% of passionflower pulp quality, is then processed into passionfruit powder by spraying dry or freeze drying;
(4) the passionflower heat treatment pericarp that step (1) obtains is separated into cuticula pericarp and spongy layer pericarp;
(5) break process is carried out to the spongy layer pericarp that step (4) obtains, obtain spongy layer pericarp particle; By spongy layer pericarp particle and passionflower pulp with honey is composite is processed into honey passionflower tea;
(6) the cuticula pericarp that step (4) obtains is carried out drying process, obtain dehydration cuticula pericarp; To dewatering, cuticula pericarp carries out pulverization process, obtains dehydration cuticula fruit peel powder, and utilization dehydration cuticula fruit peel powder replacement part corn flour is processed into the animal and fowl fodder containing passion flower-fruit peel.
2. improve the complete utilization comprehensive process system that passion flower-fruit peel is worth as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, multi-stage countercurrent Hot water extraction described in step (1) is four-stage counter-current Hot water extraction, its process conditions are: the solid-liquid mass ratio of every grade of lixiviate is 1 ︰ 8 ~ 1 ︰ 10, the extraction time of every grade of lixiviate is 3 ~ 6min, and the extraction temperature of every grade of lixiviate is 80 ~ 100 DEG C.
3. improve the complete utilization comprehensive process system that passion flower-fruit peel is worth as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, counter-infiltration permeate is returned step (1) and reuse as diffusion water.
4. the complete utilization comprehensive process system improving passion flower-fruit peel and be worth as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, in step (3), described maltodextrin adds by 10% ~ 20% of the soluble solid quality in counter-infiltration trapped fluid.
5. improve the complete utilization comprehensive process system that passion flower-fruit peel is worth as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, in step (3), spray drying treatment process conditions are: be 170 ~ 190 DEG C in inlet temperature, outlet temperature 70 ~ 90 DEG C.
6. improve the complete utilization comprehensive process system that passion flower-fruit peel is worth as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, in step (5), count by weight, the composite formula of described honey passionflower tea is: the honey of 100 parts, the passionflower pulp of 40 ~ 100 parts and 10 ~ 20 parts of passionflower spongy layer pericarp particles.
7. improve the complete utilization comprehensive process system that passion flower-fruit peel is worth as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, in step (2), the molecular cut off of the milipore filter that described hyperfiltration treatment uses is 100KD.
8. improve the complete utilization comprehensive process system that passion flower-fruit peel is worth as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, in step (6), the heated-air drying of 50 DEG C ~ 60 DEG C is adopted to pulverize after 15% to cuticula pericarp moisture, obtain dehydration cuticula fruit peel powder, add dehydration cuticula fruit peel powder by 10% ~ 30% of corn flour weight in feed, carry out animal and fowl fodder processing.
9. improve the complete utilization comprehensive process system that passion flower-fruit peel is worth as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the spongy layer pericarp that step (4) obtains is processed into preserved fruit or jam.
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