CN104302374B - 具有入口流护罩的水力旋流器 - Google Patents

具有入口流护罩的水力旋流器 Download PDF

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CN104302374B
CN104302374B CN201380025509.5A CN201380025509A CN104302374B CN 104302374 B CN104302374 B CN 104302374B CN 201380025509 A CN201380025509 A CN 201380025509A CN 104302374 B CN104302374 B CN 104302374B
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effluent
chamber
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CN104302374A (zh
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G·D·卡弗尔
G·A·麦凯
S·E·奥赖利
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Dow Chemical Co
DDP Specialty Electronic Materials US LLC
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
    • B04C9/00—Combinations with other devices, e.g. fans, expansion chambers, diffusors, water locks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D21/00—Separation of suspended solid particles from liquids by sedimentation
    • B01D21/26—Separation of sediment aided by centrifugal force or centripetal force
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D21/00—Separation of suspended solid particles from liquids by sedimentation
    • B01D21/0006—Settling tanks provided with means for cleaning and maintenance
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    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D21/00—Separation of suspended solid particles from liquids by sedimentation
    • B01D21/0012—Settling tanks making use of filters, e.g. by floating layers of particulate material
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    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D21/00—Separation of suspended solid particles from liquids by sedimentation
    • B01D21/003—Sedimentation tanks provided with a plurality of compartments separated by a partition wall
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D21/00—Separation of suspended solid particles from liquids by sedimentation
    • B01D21/26—Separation of sediment aided by centrifugal force or centripetal force
    • B01D21/267—Separation of sediment aided by centrifugal force or centripetal force by using a cyclone
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
    • B01D29/11—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with bag, cage, hose, tube, sleeve or like filtering elements
    • B01D29/31—Self-supporting filtering elements
    • B01D29/33—Self-supporting filtering elements arranged for inward flow filtration
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
    • B01D29/62—Regenerating the filter material in the filter
    • B01D29/64—Regenerating the filter material in the filter by scrapers, brushes, nozzles, or the like, acting on the cake side of the filtering element
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
    • B01D29/62—Regenerating the filter material in the filter
    • B01D29/64—Regenerating the filter material in the filter by scrapers, brushes, nozzles, or the like, acting on the cake side of the filtering element
    • B01D29/6407—Regenerating the filter material in the filter by scrapers, brushes, nozzles, or the like, acting on the cake side of the filtering element brushes
    • B01D29/6415—Regenerating the filter material in the filter by scrapers, brushes, nozzles, or the like, acting on the cake side of the filtering element brushes with a rotary movement with respect to the filtering element
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    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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    • B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
    • B01D29/88—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor having feed or discharge devices
    • B01D29/90—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor having feed or discharge devices for feeding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
    • B01D29/88—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor having feed or discharge devices
    • B01D29/90—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor having feed or discharge devices for feeding
    • B01D29/908—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor having feed or discharge devices for feeding provoking a tangential stream
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    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D36/00—Filter circuits or combinations of filters with other separating devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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    • B01D36/00—Filter circuits or combinations of filters with other separating devices
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D36/00—Filter circuits or combinations of filters with other separating devices
    • B01D36/04—Combinations of filters with settling tanks
    • B01D36/045—Combination of filters with centrifugal separation devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
    • B04C5/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex is reversed
    • B04C5/02—Construction of inlets by which the vortex flow is generated, e.g. tangential admission, the fluid flow being forced to follow a downward path by spirally wound bulkheads, or with slightly downwardly-directed tangential admission
    • B04C5/04—Tangential inlets
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    • B04C5/081—Shapes or dimensions
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    • B04C5/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex is reversed
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
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    • B04C5/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex is reversed
    • B04C5/14—Construction of the underflow ducting; Apex constructions; Discharge arrangements ; discharge through sidewall provided with a few slits or perforations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
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    • B04C5/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex is reversed
    • B04C5/14—Construction of the underflow ducting; Apex constructions; Discharge arrangements ; discharge through sidewall provided with a few slits or perforations
    • B04C5/181—Bulkheads or central bodies in the discharge opening
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
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    • B01D2201/00—Details relating to filtering apparatus
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    • B01D2201/583—Power supply means for regenerating the filter using the kinetic energy of the fluid circulating in the filtering device
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    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
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    • B04C9/00—Combinations with other devices, e.g. fans, expansion chambers, diffusors, water locks
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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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Abstract

水力旋流器(10)，其包含筒体(12)，所述筒体具有流体入口(14)、过滤流体出口(16)、流出物出口(18)、工艺流体出口(20)和腔室(24)，所述筒体包括以中央轴(X)为中心的内周壁(22)。所述水力旋流器还包括：i)位于腔室(24)内并具有外膜表面(44)的过滤器组件(26)，所述外膜表面围绕中央轴(X)对称定位并包围与过滤流体出口(16)流体连通的滤液室(46)，和ii)围绕膜表面(44)同心定位并可旋转地接合膜表面(44)的清洁组件(50)。流体通路(28)从流体入口(14)延伸并在腔室(24)的内周壁(22)与膜表面(44)之间限定涡流区(25)，并且适合于接收进入的流体。入口流护罩(58)围绕过滤器组件(26)同心定位并且适合于阻挡从流体入口(14)流入腔室(24)的至少一部分流体以避免冲击膜表面(44)。

Description

具有入口流护罩的水力旋流器
技术领域
本发明一般地涉及水力旋流器和流体的旋流分离。
背景技术
水力旋流器通常用于从液体中分离悬浮的颗粒。在典型的实施方式中，加压的进料液体(如，废水)在腔室内产生旋涡的条件下被引入成圆锥形的腔室中。进料液体靠近圆锥形腔室的顶部引入，并且流出物流靠近底部排出。与涡流相关的离心力将更致密的颗粒推向腔室的外围。其结果是，位置靠近涡流中心的液体比在外围的液体具有更低的颗粒浓度。然后可以从水力旋流器的中心区域抽取这种“较清洁”的液体。在US3061098、US3529544、US5104520、US5407584、US5478484和US7998251中描述了水力旋流器的实例。可以通过在腔室之中包括过滤器以使得流向腔室中心的一部分液体通过该过滤器而提高分离效率。在这样的实施方式中，旋流分离与错流过滤相结合。在US7632416、US7896169、US8201697、US2011/160087、US2013/0126421和US2012/0010063中描述了这样的实施方式的实例。旋流分离的状况对错流过滤造成了挑战。例如，用于在旋流分离中产生涡旋的进料流速可导致用于错流过滤的膜的加速磨损或结垢。当利用具有高固体含量时的进料流体时，加重了这种情况。其它类型的过滤器描述在US6511559中。
发明内容
本发明包括水力旋流器和用其进行旋流分离的方法的多种实施方式。在一种实施方式中，本发明包括包含筒体(12)的水力旋流器(10)，所述筒体具有流体入口(14)、过滤流体出口(16)、流出物出口(18)、工艺流体出口(20)和腔室(24)，所述筒体包括以中央轴(X)为中心的内周壁(22)。所述水力旋流器还包括：i)位于腔室(24)内并具有圆筒形外膜表面(44)的过滤器组件(26)，所述外膜表面围绕中央轴(X)对称定位并包围与过滤流体出口(16)流体连通的滤液室(46)，和ii)围绕膜表面(44)同心定位并可旋转地接合膜表面(44)的清洁组件(50)。流体通路(28)从流体入口(14)延伸并在腔室(24)的内周壁(22)与膜表面(44)之间限定涡流区(25)，并且适用于接收进入的流体。入口流护罩(58)绕过滤器组件(26)同心定位并且适用于阻挡从流体入口(14)流入腔室(24)的至少一部分流体以避免冲击膜表面(44)。
附图说明
通过参考下面的描述连同附图可以更好地理解本发明的各个方面，其中在各种视图中始终使用类似的附图标记来指示类似的部件。该描述是说明性的，而不是意在按规定比例或者以其他方式限制本发明。
图1A是显示本发明一种实施方式的正视图。
图1B是沿着图1A的1B-1B线取的横截面图。
图2A是过滤器组件的部分剖视图。
图2B是包括清洁组件的图2A过滤器的透视图。
图2C是包括入口流护罩的图2B组件的透视图。
图3是图2C组件的一种替代实施方式的透视图。
图4是显示本发明的一种替代实施方式的横截面图。
图5是图4的实施方式的分解透视图。
具体实施方式
本发明一般地涉及水力旋流器过滤装置及进行旋流分离的相关方法。用于本说明书的目的，术语“水力旋流器”是指其中至少部分地依靠由涡旋流体流所产生的离心力以从流体混合物分离成分的过滤装置。其实例包括从液体混合物(例如水性混合物)中分离固体颗粒和分离包括不同密度的液体(如油和水)的混合物。具体应用包括以下处理：造纸厂产生的纸浆废水、油和气体开采所产生的工艺水、舱底水以及生活和工业废水。
本发明的一种实施方式在图1A-B中示出，其包括总体以10显示的水力旋流器，所述水力旋流器包括筒体(12)，所述筒体具有可卸式盖(13)、流体入口(14)、过滤流体出口(16)、流出物出口(18)、工艺流体出口(20)和包围腔室(24)并以中央轴(X)为中心的内周壁(22)。虽然描绘为包括单个腔室，但如结合图4-5所述的也可以包括另外的腔室。类似地，也可以包括另外的流体入口和出口。虽然显示为具有圆筒形上段和截头圆锥形底部，但筒体(12)可以具有其他构造，包括如结合图4-5所述的更呈圆筒形的形状。
过滤器组件(26)优选居中位于腔室(24)内并且与筒体(12)的内周壁(22)等距间隔。如图2A中最佳显示的，组件(26)包括圆筒形外膜表面(44)，所述外膜表面围绕中央轴(X)对称定位并且包围与过滤流体出口(16)流体连通的滤液室(46)。虽然显示为简单圆筒形状，但可以使用其他构造，包括阶梯形和圆锥形过滤器。如图2A中最佳显示的，过滤器组件(26)包括外膜表面(44)，所述外膜表面可以由多种材料制造，包括多孔聚合物、陶瓷和金属。在一种实施方式中，所述膜比较薄，例如0.2-0.4mm，并且由下面的刚性框架或多孔载体(未显示)支撑。代表性的例子在US2012/0010063中描述。膜(44)的孔尺寸(例如1至500微米)、形状(例如V形、圆筒形、有槽缝的)和均匀性可以根据应用而改变。在许多优选实施方式中，膜(44)包含耐腐蚀金属(例如电铸成形镍网)，，其包括尺寸均一的孔，尺寸从10至100微米。这样的材料的代表性例子描述于：US7632416，US7896169，US2011/0120959，US 2011/0220586和US2012/0010063中，所述文献的全部主题内容通过引用并入本文中。
如图1B中最佳显示的，流体通路(28)从流体入口(14)延伸并在腔室(24)的内周壁(22)与膜表面(44)之间限定涡流区(25)。 在运行中，加压的进料流体(例如优选4至120psi)经由流体入口(14)进入筒体(12)并沿着流体通路(28)流动，其在过滤器组件(26)周围产生涡旋。离心力促使较致密的材料朝向筒体(12)的内周壁(22)，而较不致密的液体径向向内流向过滤器组件(26)。该液体的一部分经过膜表面(44)流入滤液室(46)中，并随后可以作为“滤液”通过过滤流体出口(16)离开筒体(12)。剩余的“非滤液”从腔室(24)向下流动。流体流动减慢并且较致密的材料(例如颗粒)优先向所述筒体的中央下部沉降并且然后可以通过流出物出口(18)离开所述筒体。流出物出口(18)可以任选包括阀(例如单向止回阀)以从筒体(12)选择性地控制流出物的除去。剩余液体(以下称为“工艺流体”)向下流动并且可以经由工艺流体出口(20)离开所述筒体。在大部分应用中，工艺流体表示中等级的产物，其可以再利用、处置或再循环回到流体入口(14)供进一步处理。“滤液”通常表示可以再利用或处置的高等级产物。“流出物”表示可以进一步处理或处置的低等级产物。然而，应该理解，在一些应用中，流出物可以表示有价值的产物。
所述水力旋流器(10)还可以包括清洁组件(50)，其用于从过滤器组件(26)的膜表面(44)除去残渣。代表性的实施方式在图2B示出，其中组件(50)围绕膜表面(44)同心定位并可旋转地接合膜表面(44)，并且包括径向向外延伸的一个或多个辐条(52)。刷子(54)从辐条(52)末端向下延伸并接合(例如触及或非常接近)膜基底(44)的表面。虽然显示为刷子(54)，但可以包括替代的清洁工具，包括刮板(wiper)、刮刀(squeegee)或刮净器(scrapper)。大多数实施方式中使用2到50个刷子，并优选18到24个刷子。如弯箭头所表示，清洁组件(50)围绕过滤器组件(26)旋转，致使刷子(54)清扫膜基底(54)的表面并除去残渣，例如通过在所述表面附近产生紊流或通过直接接触所述表面。一个或多个叶片(56)可以安装在至少一个辐条(52)的末端，使得流入涡流室(24)中的流体围绕过滤器组件(26)转动清洁组件(50)。围绕过滤器组 件均匀间隔的叶片(56)增加了清洁组件(50)旋转运动的稳定性并可以帮助维持涡流室(24)中的涡旋流体流。虽然显示为从膜基底(44)的表面径向向外延伸，但所述叶片可以偏斜(例如与径向轴成-5°至-30°或5°至30°)以增加旋转速度。在所述过滤器组件和清洁组件(26，50)之间可以使用轴承以在不阻碍涡旋流体流下进一步促进旋转。在未显示的替代实施方式中，清洁组件(50)可以通过替代手段驱动，例如电动机、磁力等等。在又一种实施方式中，所述过滤器组件可以相对于固定的清洁组件移动。
可优化进料流体入口压力和过滤器组件(26)的外周与筒体(12)的内周壁(22)之间的间距以在腔室(24)内产生并维持涡旋流体流。为了进一步促进涡旋流体流的产生和维持，流体入口(14)优选将流入的进料流体引导到围绕涡流室的切线路径上，如图1A指示。即使按着这样的切线路径，加压的进料流体也可能直接冲击过滤组件(26)的膜表面(44)并导致过早磨损或结垢——特别是对于具有高固体含量的进料流体。为了保护膜表面(44)，入口流护罩(58)可以位于流体入口(14)和膜表面(44)之间，例如围绕过滤器组件(26)同心定位。非限制性实施方式在图2C和3中示出。如所示的，护罩(58)优选包含材料(例如塑料)的无孔圆筒形带，其阻挡从流体入口(14)流入腔室(24)的至少一部分流体以避免直接冲击(碰撞)膜表面(44)，在图3中最佳显示。所述带可以由连续的材料环或通过独立的弧形物形成。在优选实施方式中，护罩(58)具有的高度接近于膜表面(44)的高度，致使护罩(58)和膜表面(44)形成同心圆筒。在优选实施方式中，所述护罩可以可拆卸地安装于清洁组件(50)上。作为非限制性例子，清洁组件(50)的叶片(56)可以包括用于接收护罩(58)的竖直狭槽(60)，如图2B-C和图3所示。
本发明的一种替代实施方式在图4-5中说明，其中筒体(12)基本上是圆筒形的并且包括至少两个和优选三个竖直排列的室，包括涡流室(24)、流出物分离室(30)和工艺流体室(32)。涡流室 (24)与流体入口(14)流体连通。过滤器组件(26)中心定位于涡流室(24)内并包围滤液室(46)。滤液室(56)与过滤流体出口(16)流体连通。流出物分离室(30)位于涡流室(24)下方并与该涡流室(24)流体连通。该流出物分离室(30)适于从涡流室(24)接收未过滤的流体。工艺流体腔室(32)依次位于流出物分离室(30)下方并与该流出物分离室流体连通。该工艺流体室(32)适于从流出物分离室(30)接收工艺流体并且与工艺流体出口(20)流体连通，工艺流体可以通过该工艺流体出口(20)离开筒体(12)。
涡流阻挡构件(34)位于涡流室和流出物分离室(24，30)之间并将在涡流室和流出物分离室(24，30)之间的流体流引导至邻近筒体(12)的内周壁(22)的位置。涡流阻挡构件(34)可以设计为在流出物分离室(24)中维持涡流流体流并在流体从涡流室(24)流入流出物分离室(30)时干扰涡流流体流(28)。更具体地，涡流阻挡构件(34)包括延伸到邻近筒体(12)的内周壁(22)或与筒体(12)的内周壁(22)接触的位置的外缘(40)，并且可以进一步包括多个位于外缘(40)附近并延伸穿过它的孔(42)。在图示的实施方式中，孔(42)是扇形的，但也可以使用替代的形状。
任选的流出物阻挡构件(36)位于流出物分离室(30)下方，并适于引导流体流从流出物分离室(30)流向工艺流体出口(20)。流出物阻挡构件(36)包括延伸到邻近筒体(12)的内周壁(22)或与筒体(12)的内周壁(22)接触的位置的外缘(40')，并且可以进一步包括多个位于外缘(40')的附近并延伸穿过它的孔(42')。在图示的实施方式中，孔(42')是扇形的，但也可以使用替代的形状。在优选的实施方式中，涡流阻挡构件(34)的孔(42)相对于流出物阻挡构件(36)的孔(42')垂直地偏置，如图2中的虚线箭头所示。流出物阻挡构件(36)还包括与流出物出口(18)流体连通的位于中心的流出物开口(38)，流出物通过流出物出口(18)离开筒体(12)。
在操作中，加压的进料流体(例如，优选从4至120psi)通过 流体入口(14)进入筒体(12)并沿着流体通路(28)流动，其在过滤器组件(26)周围产生涡流。离心力将更致密的物质推向筒体(12)的内周壁(22)，而较不致密的液体径向向内地流向过滤器组件(26)。一部分该液体通过过滤器组件(26)流入滤液室(46)中并随后可以经由过滤流体出口(16)作为“滤液”离开筒体(12)。剩余的“非滤液”从涡流室(24)向下流向流出物分离室(30)。涡流阻挡构件(34)将大部分(例如，优选至少75％，和在一些实施方式中，至少90％)的这种向下的流引导至沿筒体(12)的内周壁(22)或与其邻近的位置。这种安排被认为有助于将在涡流室(24)中维持涡流，而在流体进入流出物分离室(30)时干扰涡流。流体流在流出物分离室(30)中减慢且更致密的物质(例如颗粒)优先朝向流出物阻挡构件(34)的中心沉降并进入流出物开口(38)中，并且然后可以经由流出物出口(18)离开筒体。流出物出口(18)可任选地包括阀(48)(例如，单向止回阀)以选择性地控制流出物从筒体(12)的移除。在流出物分离室(30)中的剩余液体(以下称为“工艺流体”)向下流入工艺流体室(32)中。流出物阻挡构件(36)将流出物分离室和工艺流体室(34，36)之间的大部分(例如，优选至少75％和在一些实施方式中至少90％)的流体流引导至沿筒体(12)的内周壁(22)或与其邻近的位置，即通过孔(42')。
虽然在一个实施方式中，流出物阻挡构件(36)包括扇形孔(42')，但也可以使用可选形状的孔，包括径向狭槽，成角狭槽和位于外缘(40')周围的三角形开口。同样，对于涡流阻挡构件(34)，可以使用可选形状的孔(42)。孔(42，42')的形状和大小可以进行设计以控制流体向下通过筒体(12)的腔室(24，30，32)的流动，优先将流导向筒体(12)的内周壁(22)。据此，少部分(例如，小于50％，和更优选小于75％，和更优选小于90％)的向下流(即相对于流出物阻挡构件(36)的非流出物流体)可能会出现在可选的位置，包括阻挡构件(42，36)中一个或两个的中心位置。而在另外的未示出的实施方式中，涡流阻挡构件(34)和流出物阻挡构 件(36)中的一个或两者可以包括不接触筒体(12)的内周壁(22)的外缘，且不包括孔。
与以往的设计相比，本发明所述水力旋流器提供了优异的分离效率。这样的效率使得水力旋流器可用于更广泛的应用中，特别是在工艺流体被循环和任选地与补充的进料流体共混的实施方式中。概括地说，在单一装置内使进料流体经历多个分离过程的协同组合。具体而言，对进料流体进行至少部分地基于密度的旋流分离，使较致密的物质(例如，颗粒、液体)被推向筒体的内周缘。通过过滤器组件的流体另外进行错流过滤。所述入口进料护罩防止用于错流过滤的膜经受由于与旋流分离有关的进料压力和进料含量造成的过度磨损或结垢。本文中参考文献提到的美国专利每一个的全部主题内容通过引用完全并入本文。

Claims (3)

1.水力旋流器(10)，其包括：筒体(12)，所述筒体包括以中央轴(X)为中心的内周壁(22)、流体入口(14)、过滤流体出口(16)、流出物出口(18)、工艺流体出口(20)、由涡流阻挡构件(34)隔开的涡流室(24)和流出物分离室(30)，其中所述流出物出口(18)和工艺流体出口(20)位于所述流出物分离室(30)内；
位于涡流室(24)内并包含外膜表面(44)的过滤器组件(26)，所述外膜表面围绕中央轴(X)对称定位并包围与所述过滤流体出口(16)流体连通的滤液室(46)；
围绕外膜表面(44)同心定位并可旋转地接合外膜表面(44)的清洁组件(50)；
流体通路(28)，其从流体入口(14)延伸并在所述涡流室(24)的内周壁(22)与外膜表面(44)之间限定涡流区(25)，其适合于接收进入的流体；
安装在清洁组件(50)上的入口流护罩(58)，其围绕过滤器组件(26)同心定位并且适用于阻挡从流体入口(14)流入涡流室(24)的至少一部分流体以避免冲击外膜表面(44)；和
其中所述涡流阻挡构件(34)干扰从涡流区(25)到流出物分离室(30)的流体流。
2.根据权利要求1所述的水力旋流器(10)，其中所述入口流护罩(58)包含无孔的圆筒形带。
3.根据权利要求1所述的水力旋流器(10)，其中所述涡流阻挡构件(34)将在所述涡流室和流出物分离室(24，30)之间的大部分流体流引导到邻近筒体(12)的内周壁(22)的位置。
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EP2849864A1 (en) 2015-03-25
WO2013173115A1 (en) 2013-11-21
KR102141785B1 (ko) 2020-08-06
CN104302374A (zh) 2015-01-21
BR112014027100A2 (pt) 2017-06-27
KR20150013311A (ko) 2015-02-04
US9050610B2 (en) 2015-06-09
US20150108057A1 (en) 2015-04-23
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JP6105718B2 (ja) 2017-03-29
BR112014027100B1 (pt) 2020-12-01

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