CN104274708A - 一种用于治疗甲状腺功能亢进症的中药 - Google Patents
一种用于治疗甲状腺功能亢进症的中药 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种用于治疗甲状腺功能亢进症的中药，它是由以下重量配比的原料药材制备而成：夏枯草10份、白芥子5份、黄药子3份、墨旱莲8份、石斛10份、玄参12份。临床实验证明，本发明能够安全有效治疗甲状腺功能亢进症。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种中药，具体涉及一种用于治疗甲状腺功能亢进症的中药。
背景技术
甲状腺功能亢进症简称“甲亢”，是由于甲状腺合成释放过多的甲状腺激素，造成机体代谢亢进和交感神经兴奋，引起心悸、出汗、进食和便次增多和体重减少的病症。多数患者还常常同时有突眼、眼睑水肿、视力减退等症状。甲状腺激素是促进新陈代谢，促进机体氧化还原反应，代谢亢进需要机体增加进食；胃肠活动增强，出现便次增多；虽然进食增多，但氧化反应增强，机体能量消耗增多，患者表现体重减少；产热增多表现怕热出汗,个别患者出现低热；甲状腺激素增多刺激交感神经兴奋，临床表现心悸、心动过速，失眠，对周围事物敏感，情绪波动，甚至焦虑。甲亢患者长期没有得到合适治疗，会引起消瘦和甲亢性心脏病。患者消瘦常常容易患急性传染病感染致残或死亡。甲亢性心脏病引起心脏扩大，心律失常、心房纤颤和心力衰竭，患者丧失劳动力，甚至死亡。
本病各年龄组均可发病，以20～40岁发病者为多。多数甲亢起病缓慢，亦有急性发病，女性多见。本病治愈困难，并发症较多。
甲状腺功能亢进症诊断较难，其发病机理至今未完全明确，目前西药治疗有咪唑类如甲巯咪唑（又称“他巴唑”）和硫氧嘧啶类如丙基硫氧嘧啶（又称“丙嘧”）等，但其疗程较长且复发率高。
本病据其临床表现属中医“瘿瘤”、“惊悸”、“肝火”等范畴。
本发明所涉及药材研究现状如下：
夏枯草【来源】 本品为唇形科植物夏枯草（Prunella vulgaris L.）的干燥果穗。夏季果穗呈棕红色时采收，除去杂质，晒干。【性味】 辛、苦，寒。【归经】 归肝、胆经。【功能主治】 清火，明目，散结，消肿。用于目赤肿痛，目珠夜痛，头痛眩晕，瘰疬，瘿瘤，乳痈肿痛；甲状腺肿大，淋巴结结核，乳腺增生，高血压。【用法用量】 9～15g。
白芥子【来源】 本品为十字花科植物白芥（Sinapis alba L.）的种子。于5月中、下旬待果实大部分出现黄色时割下全株，后熟数日，晒干，脱出子粒，簸除杂质即可入药。【性味】 辛，温。【归经】 归肺、肝、脾、胃、心包经。【功能主治】 化痰逐饮，散结消肿。主咳喘痰多，胸满胁痛；肢体麻木，关节肿痛；湿痰流注，阴疽肿毒。【用法用量】 3～10g。
黄药子【来源】 本品为薯蓣科植物黄独（Dioscorea bulbifera L.）的块茎。在冬季采挖，把块茎剪去须根后，横切成厚1cm的片，晒或炕干，或鲜用。【性味】 苦，寒，小毒。【归经】 归肺、肝经。【功能主治】 散结消瘿，清热解毒，凉血止血。主瘿瘤，喉痹，痈肿疮毒，毒蛇咬伤，肿瘤；吐血，衄血，咯血，百日咳，肺热咳喘。【用法用量】 3～9g。
墨旱莲【来源】 本品为菊科植物鳢肠（Eclipta prostrata L.）的干燥地上部分。花开时采割，晒干。【性味】 甘、酸，寒。【归经】 归肾、肝经。【功能主治】 滋补肝肾，凉血止血。用于牙齿松动，须发早白，眩晕耳鸣，腰膝酸软，阴虚血热、吐血、衄血、尿血，血痢，崩漏下血，外伤出血。【用法用量】 6～12g。
石斛【来源】 本品为兰科植物环草石斛、马鞭石斛、黄草石斛、铁皮石斛或金钗石斛的新鲜或干燥茎。全年均可采收，鲜用者除去根及泥沙；干用者采收后，除去杂质，用开水略烫或烘软，再边搓边烘晒，至叶鞘搓净，干燥。【性味】 甘，微寒。【归经】 归胃、肾经。【功能主治】 益胃生津，滋阴清热。用于阴伤津亏，口干烦渴，食少干呕，病后虚热，目暗不明。【用法用量】 6～12g。
玄参【来源】 本品为玄参科植物玄参（Scrophularia ningpoensis Hemsl.）的干燥根。冬季茎叶枯萎时采挖，除去根茎、幼芽、须根及泥沙，晒或烘至半干，堆放3 ～6 天，反复数次至干燥。【性味】 甘、苦、咸，微寒。【归经】 归肺、胃、肾经。【功能主治】 凉血滋阴，泻火解毒。用于热病伤阴，舌绛烦渴，温毒发斑，津伤便秘，骨蒸劳嗽，目赤，咽痛，瘰疠，白喉，痈肿疮毒。【用法用量】 9～15g。
发明内容
本发明旨在提供一种用于治疗甲状腺功能亢进症的中药，通过选择合适的药材及其配比，达到安全有效治愈甲状腺功能亢进症的目的。
为了达到上述目的，本发明采用以下技术方案：
一种用于治疗甲状腺功能亢进症的中药，其特征在于，它是由以下重量配比的原料药材制备而成：夏枯草10份、白芥子5份、黄药子3份、墨旱莲8份、石斛10份、玄参12份。
发明人认为甲状腺功能亢进症的病因主要与长期情志失调，或素体阴虚及女子发育、哺乳期间耗伤肝经阴血等有关。病理变化为肝气郁结，气滞痰凝，壅结颈前而为瘿肿。肝郁化火，肝火犯胃，灼伤胃阴，则胃热消谷，纳亢消瘦。肝木乘脾，脾失健运，则常有腹泻。肝火上扰，心肝火旺，则心悸不眠，急躁易怒。火伤阴津，肝肾阴亏，水不涵木，虚风内动，则肢体颤动。病延日久，热势渐减，而成气阴两虚之候，发为本病。治疗应以疏肝理气、健脾开胃、强筋壮骨为根本，故组配本方。
下面结合临床实验数据说明本发明的有益效果：
1、一般资料
发明人2010年4月~2013年1月间共收集门诊及住院甲状腺功能亢进症患者170例，随机分为治疗组100例与对照组70例，治疗组男41例，女59例，年龄23～51岁，平均年龄36.7岁，病程1～4年；对照组男42例，女28例，年龄20～52岁，平均年龄35.5岁，病程1～3年。2组性别、年龄及病程比较差异无统计学意义，具有可比性。
诊断标准
1）临床上有不明原因的体重下降、低热、腹泻、手抖、心动过速、心房纤颤、肌无力、月经紊乱、闭经等；2）具备高代谢症候群和相应体征，且有TSH降低和TH升高，既可确诊；3）基础代谢率+20%~+30%轻度，+30%~+60%中度，+60%以上为重度；4）甲状腺摄131碘率测定，2小时内超过总量的25%，或在24小时内超过总量的50%，且吸收峰提前。
2、试验方法
2.1治疗方法
治疗组口服本发明按照具体实施例1制得的煎剂，每日3次。疗程8周。
对照组口服他巴唑片（燕京药业），按照其说明书服用。疗程8周。
3、疗效标准与治疗结果
3.1 疗效标准
治愈：症状消失，体重增加，脉率正常，甲状腺区震颤及血管杂音消失，甲状腺肿及突眼症减轻，血清T3、T4、FT4水平正常，甲状腺片或T3抑制试验阳性（可抑制），甲状腺免疫学检查正常；
显效：症状好转，脉率减慢，甲状腺肿缩小，血管杂音减轻，血清T4、T3、FT4水平基本正常，甲状腺片或T3抑制试验阴性（不能抑制）；
无效：症状无好转或加重。
3.2 治疗结果见表1。
表1 两组疗效比较
| 组别 | n | 治愈 | 显效 | 无效 | 总有效率(%) | 严重不良反应例 |
| 治疗组 | 100 | 41 | 46 | 13 | 87% | 0 |
| 对照组 | 70 | 26 | 23 | 21 | 70% | 0 |
可见，本发明制得的药物能够安全有效治疗甲状腺功能亢进症，具有推广价值。
具体实施方式
为了更好地理解和实施本发明，下面结合具体实施例进一步说明本发明。
具体实施例1
称取：夏枯草10克、白芥子5克、黄药子3克、墨旱莲8克、石斛10克、玄参12克；加8倍量水，煎煮1.5小时，过滤；滤渣加6倍量水，煎煮1小时，过滤；合并滤液，浓缩至120克，即得符合正常成人一天用量的煎剂。
用于治疗甲状腺功能亢进症。口服，每日分早中晚三次服用。
具体实施例2
称取：夏枯草10克、白芥子5克、黄药子3克、墨旱莲8克、石斛10克、玄参12克；加10倍量水，煎煮2小时，过滤；滤渣加8倍量水，煎煮1.5小时，过滤；合并滤液，浓缩，干燥，包装，即得符合正常成人一天用量的散剂。
用于治疗甲状腺功能亢进症。口服，每日服用一次。
具体实施例3
称取：夏枯草10克、白芥子5克、黄药子3克、墨旱莲8克、石斛10克、玄参12克；加6倍量水，煎煮3次，每次煎煮1小时，合并煎煮液，浓缩，干燥，装入胶囊壳，即得符合正常成人一天用量的胶囊剂。
用于治疗甲状腺功能亢进症。口服，每日分早晚两次服用。
Claims (4)
1.一种用于治疗甲状腺功能亢进症的中药，其特征在于，它是由以下重量配比的原料药材制备而成：夏枯草10份、白芥子5份、黄药子3份、墨旱莲8份、石斛10份、玄参12份。
2.如权利要求1所述的用于治疗甲状腺功能亢进症的中药，其特征在于，其制备方法为：称取：夏枯草10份、白芥子5份、黄药子3份、墨旱莲8份、石斛10份、玄参12份；加8倍量水，煎煮1.5小时，过滤；滤渣加6倍量水，煎煮1小时，过滤；合并滤液，浓缩至120份，即得煎剂；上述份均是指重量份。
3.如权利要求1所述的用于治疗甲状腺功能亢进症的中药，其特征在于，其制备方法为：称取：夏枯草10份、白芥子5份、黄药子3份、墨旱莲8份、石斛10份、玄参12份；加10倍量水，煎煮2小时，过滤；滤渣加8倍量水，煎煮1.5小时，过滤；合并滤液，浓缩，干燥，包装，即得散剂；上述份均是指重量份。
4.如权利要求1所述的用于治疗甲状腺功能亢进症的中药，其特征在于，其制备方法为：称取：夏枯草10份、白芥子5份、黄药子3份、墨旱莲8份、石斛10份、玄参12份；加6倍量水，煎煮3次，每次煎煮1小时，合并煎煮液，浓缩，干燥，装入胶囊壳，即得胶囊剂；上述份均是指重量份。
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