CN103611141B - 一种治疗陈年咳嗽的中药 - Google Patents
一种治疗陈年咳嗽的中药 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种治疗陈年咳嗽的中药，它是由以下重量配比的原料药材制备而成：台湾肺形草5份、太白贝母5份、天冬4份、鹤顶兰3份、葫芦七5份、莱菔子3份、钩石斛3份、昆布3份、陈皮6份、威灵仙叶4份、普陀南星3份、梵天花5份、西藏圆柏4份、骨节草5份、烟锅草3份、如意草5份、仙白草5份、麦冬5份、石菖蒲4份、大黄6份、黄柏6份、三分丹3份、干姜8份、甘草8份。临床实验证明，本发明能够安全有效治疗陈年咳嗽。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种中药，具体涉及一种治疗陈年咳嗽的中药。
背景技术
陈年咳嗽是由于老慢支引起的随季节性变化的咳嗽，患者老年人居多；临床上常表现为咳嗽、咳痰，或伴有气短、喘息等，严重者可并发肺气肿、肺心病等。目前陈年咳嗽治疗主要是应用抗陈年咳嗽药物，疗效低，且副作用大。因此研究开发一种安全有效治疗陈年咳嗽的中药非常有临床实用价值。
本发明中药所涉及药材的研究现状如下：
台湾肺形草：本品为龙胆科植物台湾肺形草及日本双蝴蝶的全草。【性味】苦；性凉。【功能主治】清热解毒；止咳。主黄疸；风热咳嗽。【用法用量】10-15g。
太白贝母：本品为百合科植物太白贝母的鳞茎。【性味】苦甘，微寒。【功能主治】润肺，化痰，止咳。治肺热咳嗽，支气管炎，咳痰不利。【用法用量】3-5g。
天冬：本品为百合科植物天门冬的干燥块根。【性味】甘、苦，寒。【归经】归肺、肾经。【功能主治】养阴润燥，清肺生津。用于肺燥干咳，顿咳痰黏，咽干口渴，肠燥便秘。【用法用量】 6～12g。
鹤顶兰：本品为兰科植物鹤顶兰的假鳞茎。【性味】味微辛；性凉；小毒。【功能主治】止咳祛痰；活血止血。主咳嗽痰多；咳血；乳腺炎；跌打损伤；外伤出血。【用法用量】3-9g。
葫芦七：本品为菊科植物肾叶橐吾的根及根茎。【性味】甘辛，温。【功能主治】理气活血，止痛，止咳祛痰。治跌打损伤，劳伤，腰腿痛，咳嗽气喘，百日咳，肺痈咯血。【用法用量】3-9g。
莱菔子：本品为十字花科植物萝卜的干燥成熟种子。【性味】辛、甘，平。【归经】归肺、脾、胃经。【功能主治】消食除胀，降气化痰。用于饮食停滞，脘腹胀痛，大便秘结，积滞泻痢，痰壅喘咳。【用法用量】 4.5～9g。
钩石斛：本品为兰科钩石斛，以茎入药。【性味】甘，微寒。【功能主治】益胃生津，滋阴清热。用于阴伤津亏，口干烦渴，食少干呕，病后虚热，目暗不明【用法用量】 6～12g
昆布：本品为海带科植物海带或翅藻科植物昆布（鹅掌菜）的干燥叶状体。【性味】咸，寒。【归经】归肝、胃、肾经。【功能主治】软坚散结，消痰，利水。用于瘿瘤，瘰疬，睾丸肿痛，痰饮水肿。【用法用量】 6～12g。
陈皮：本品为芸香科植物橘及其栽培变种的干燥成熟果皮。【性味】苦、辛，温。【归经】归肺、脾经。【功能主治】理气健脾，燥湿化痰。用于胸脘胀满，食少吐泻，咳嗽痰多。【用法用量】 3～9g。
威灵仙叶：本品为毛茛科植物威灵仙的叶。【性味】味辛；苦；性平。【功能主治】利咽；解毒；活血消肿。主咽喉肿痛；喉痹；喉蛾；鹤膝风；麦粒肿；结膜炎等。【用法用量】5-20g。
普陀南星：本品为天南星科植物普陀南星的块茎。性味】味苦；辛；性温；有毒。【功能主治】燥湿化痰；祛风定惊；消肿散结。主痰湿咳嗽；风痰眩晕；中风；口眼喎斜；破伤风；痈疮肿毒。【用法用量】3-6g。
梵天花：本品为锦葵科植物梵天花的全草。【性味】甘；苦；性凉。【归经】肝；大肠经。【功能主治】祛风利湿；消热解毒。主风湿痹痛；泄泻；痢疾；感冒；咽喉肿痛；肺热咳嗽；风毒流注；疮疡肿毒；跌打损伤；毒蛇咬伤。【用法用量】9-15g。
西藏圆柏：本品为柏科植物大果圆柏的枝叶和种子。【性味】味苦；性微寒。【功能主治】清热祛湿；解毒消肿。主风湿痹痛；肺炎；胆囊炎；疮疖；炭疽病。【用法用量】6-15g。
骨节草：本品为木贼科植物犬问荆的全草。【性味】平；甘；微苦。【归经】肝；肺经。【功能主治】疏风；明目；活血；止痛。主迎风流泪；翳膜遮睛；跌打损伤；风湿痛。【用法用量】6-9g。
烟锅草：为毛莨科植物东亚唐松草的根。【性味】苦，寒，有小毒。【功能主治】《清热解毒。治牙痛，急性皮炎，湿疹。【用法用量】2～3g。
如意草：本品为堇菜科植物如意草的全草。【性味】辛麻；微酸；性寒。【功能主治】清热解毒；散阏止血。主疮疡肿毒；乳痈；跌打损伤；开放性骨折；外伤出血；蛇伤。【用法用量】9-15g。
仙百草：为菊科植物仙百草的根或全草。【性味】味辛；涩；性温。【功能主治】解蛇毒。主毒蛇咬伤。【用法用量】15-30g。
麦冬：本品为百合科植物麦冬（沿阶草）Ophiopogon japonicus （Thunb.）Ker-Gawl.的干燥块根。【性味】甘，微苦，微寒。【归经】归心、肺、胃经。【功能主治】养阴生津，润肺清心。用于肺燥干咳。虚痨咳嗽，津伤口渴，心烦失眠，内热消渴，肠燥便秘；咽白喉。【用法用量】 6～12g。
石菖蒲：本品为天南星科植物石菖蒲Acorus tatarinowii Schott 的干燥根茎。【性味】辛、苦，温。【归经】归心、胃经。【功能主治】化湿开胃，开窍豁痰，醒神益智。用于脘痞不饥，噤口下痢，神昏癫痫，健忘耳聋。【用法用量】 3～9g。
大黄：本品为蓼科植物掌叶大黄、唐古特大黄或药用大黄的根茎。【性味】苦，寒。【归经】归脾、胃、大肠、肝、心包经。【功能主治】泻热通肠，凉血解毒，逐瘀通经。用于实热便秘，积滞腹痛，泻痢不爽，湿热黄疸，血热吐衄，目赤，咽肿，肠痈腹痛，痈肿疔疮，瘀血经闭，跌打损伤，外治水火烫伤；上消化道出血。酒大黄善清上焦血分热毒。用于目赤咽肿，齿龈肿痛。熟大黄泻下力缓，泻火解毒。用于火毒疮疡。大黄炭凉血化瘀止血。用于血热有瘀出血症。【用法用量】 3～20g。
黄柏：为芸香科植物黄柏或黄皮树的树皮。【归经】归肾、膀胱经。【功能主治】清热燥湿，泻火除蒸，解毒疗疮。用于湿热泻痢，黄疸，带下，热淋，脚气，痿{辟}，骨蒸劳热，盗汗，遗精，疮疡肿毒，湿疹瘙痒。盐黄柏滋阴降火。用于阴虚火旺，盗汗骨蒸。【用法用量】 3～12g。
三分丹：本品萝藦科三分丹Tylophora atrofolliculata Metc.，以根入药。【性味】甘、微辛，平。有毒。【功能主治】祛瘀止痛。主治跌打损伤，风湿痛。【用法用量】 3～10g。
干姜：本品为姜科植物姜Zingiber officinale Rosc.的干燥根茎。【性味】辛、热。【归经】归脾、胃、肾、心、肺经。【功能主治】干姜温中散寒，回阳通脉，燥湿消痰。用于脘腹冷痛，呕吐泄泻，肢冷脉微，痰饮喘咳。【用法用量】 3～9g。
甘草：本品为豆科植物甘草的根及根状茎。【性味】甘，平。【归经】归心、肺、脾、胃经 。【功能主治】补脾益气，清热解毒，祛痰止咳，缓急止痛，调和诸药。用于脾胃虚弱，倦怠乏力，心悸气短，咳嗽痰多，脘腹、四肢挛急疼痛，痈肿疮毒，缓解药物毒性、烈性。【用法用量】 1.5～15g。
发明内容
本发明旨在提供一种治疗陈年咳嗽的中药，通过选择合适的药材及其配比，达到安全有效治愈陈年咳嗽的目的。
为了达到上述目的，本发明采用以下技术方案：
一种治疗陈年咳嗽的中药，其特征在于，它是由以下重量配比的原料药材制备而成：台湾肺形草5份、太白贝母5份、天冬4份、鹤顶兰3份、葫芦七5份、莱菔子3份、钩石斛3份、昆布3份、陈皮6份、威灵仙叶4份、普陀南星3份、梵天花5份、西藏圆柏4份、骨节草5份、烟锅草3份、如意草5份、仙百草5份、麦冬5份、石菖蒲4份、大黄6份、黄柏6份、三分丹3份、干姜8份、甘草8份。
下面结合临床实验数据说明本发明的有益效果：
1、一般资料
发明人2009年2月-2013年8月间共收集50例陈年咳嗽患者，年龄39-72岁，病程1-30天。随机分为：治疗组25例，对照组25例。两组性别、年龄等资料无显著性差异，具有可比性。
2、试验方法
2.1治疗方法
对照组口服蛇胆川贝液，按说明书服用，疗程20天。
治疗组口服本发明按照具体实施例1制得的胶囊，每日2次。疗程20天。
2.2观察项目：实验前后，对咳嗽、憋气、胸闷、吐痰等情况及生化指标化验记录。
3、疗效标准与治疗结果
3.1疗效标准
痊愈：临床症状全部消失，试验室检查正常，半年内未见复发。好转：临床症状减轻，实验室检查改善或正常。无效：临床症状、实验室检查无明显好转或加重。
3.2治疗统计结果见表1。
表1 两组疗效比较
| 组别 | n | 痊愈 | 好转 | 无效 | 不良反应例 | 总有效率(%) |
| 治疗组 | 25 | 9 | 12 | 4 | 2（8%） | 84% |
| 对照组 | 25 | 1 | 10 | 14 | 5（20%） | 44% |
可见，本发明制得的药物能够安全有效治疗陈年咳嗽。
具体实施方式
为了更好地理解和实施本发明，下面结合具体实施例进一步说明本发明。
具体实施例1
称取台湾肺形草5g、太白贝母5g、天冬4g、鹤顶兰3g、葫芦七5g、莱菔子3g、钩石斛3g、昆布3g、陈皮6g、威灵仙叶4g、普陀南星3g、梵天花5g、西藏圆柏4g、骨节草5g、烟锅草3g、如意草5g、仙百草5g、麦冬5g、石菖蒲4g、大黄6g、黄柏6g、三分丹3g、干姜8g、甘草8g；加8倍量水，煎煮1.5小时，过滤；滤渣加6倍量水，煎煮1小时，过滤；合并滤液，浓缩，干燥，装入胶囊壳，即得符合正常成人一天用量的胶囊剂。
用于治疗陈年咳嗽。口服，每日分早晚两次服用。
具体实施例2
称取台湾肺形草5g、太白贝母5g、天冬4g、鹤顶兰3g、葫芦七5g、莱菔子3g、钩石斛3g、昆布3g、陈皮6g、威灵仙叶4g、普陀南星3g、梵天花5g、西藏圆柏4g、骨节草5g、烟锅草3g、如意草5g、仙百草5g、麦冬5g、石菖蒲4g、大黄6g、黄柏6g、三分丹3g、干姜8g、甘草8g；加10倍量水，煎煮2小时，过滤；滤渣加8倍量水，煎煮1.5小时，过滤；合并滤液，浓缩，干燥，包装，即得符合正常成人一天用量的散剂。
用于治疗陈年咳嗽。口服，每日一次。
具体实施例3
称取台湾肺形草5g、太白贝母5g、天冬4g、鹤顶兰3g、葫芦七5g、莱菔子3g、钩石斛3g、昆布3g、陈皮6g、威灵仙叶4g、普陀南星3g、梵天花5g、西藏圆柏4g、骨节草5g、烟锅草3g、如意草5g、仙百草5g、麦冬5g、石菖蒲4g、大黄6g、黄柏6g、三分丹3g、干姜8g、甘草8g；；加6倍量水，煎煮3次，每次煎煮1小时，合并煎煮液，浓缩，再加入适量糊精和矫味剂，按照本领域常规工艺制粒，包装，即可制得符合正常成人一天用量的颗粒剂。
用于治疗陈年咳嗽。口服，每日分早中晚三次服用。
Claims (1)
1.一种治疗陈年咳嗽的中药，其特征在于，它是由以下重量配比的原料药材制备而成：台湾肺形草5份、太白贝母5份、天冬4份、鹤顶兰3份、葫芦七5份、莱菔子3份、钩石斛3份、昆布3份、陈皮6份、威灵仙叶4份、普陀南星3份、梵天花5份、西藏圆柏4份、骨节草5份、烟锅草3份、如意草5份、仙百草5份、麦冬5份、石菖蒲4份、大黄6份、黄柏6份、三分丹3份、干姜8份、甘草8份。
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