CN104272341A - 充电器、充电方法 - Google Patents

充电器、充电方法 Download PDF

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CN104272341A
CN104272341A CN201380022335.7A CN201380022335A CN104272341A CN 104272341 A CN104272341 A CN 104272341A CN 201380022335 A CN201380022335 A CN 201380022335A CN 104272341 A CN104272341 A CN 104272341A
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charger
electric power
electronic money
control module
instruction
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近藤靖彰
重松大介
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NEC Corp
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/14Conductive energy transfer
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/0023Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
    • B60L3/0069Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to the isolation, e.g. ground fault or leak current
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/30Constructional details of charging stations
    • B60L53/305Communication interfaces
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
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    • B60L53/65Monitoring or controlling charging stations involving identification of vehicles or their battery types
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/60Monitoring or controlling charging stations
    • B60L53/66Data transfer between charging stations and vehicles
    • B60L53/665Methods related to measuring, billing or payment
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/12Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06QINFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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    • GPHYSICS
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    • GPHYSICS
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    • G07F15/00Coin-freed apparatus with meter-controlled dispensing of liquid, gas or electricity
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    • G07F15/005Coin-freed apparatus with meter-controlled dispensing of liquid, gas or electricity for electricity dispensed for the electrical charging of vehicles
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    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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    • H01M10/42Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/44Methods for charging or discharging
    • HELECTRICITY
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    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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    • H01M2220/20Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
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    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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Abstract

本发明适于用于对安装在电动车辆中的可充电电池执行充电的充电器。该充电器具有:电力供应单元,其向可充电电池供应电力;支付单元,其通过电子货币执行充电器的使用费用的支付;以及,控制单元,其在从电动车辆接收到开始充电的指令时,相对于电力供应单元指令开始向可充电电池供应电力,并且相对于支付单元指令执行通过电子货币支付。

Description

充电器、充电方法
技术领域
本发明涉及使用电子货币来进行支付以使用充电器的技术,该充电器充电在EV(电动车辆)上安装的可充电电池。
背景技术
近些年来,已经提出了使用电子货币来进行支付以使用将安装在EV上的可充电电池充电的EV充电器的多种技术。
例如,已经在专利文献1中公开了一种进行支付以使用EV充电器并且然后允许EV充电器将EV充电的技术。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1:JP2010-028913A
发明内容
本发明要解决的问题
近来,已经研究了用于作为EV充电系统的CHAdeMO(CHArge deMOve)规范的标准化。
CHAdeMO规范被设计来允许EV侧控制充电的开始和停止。换句话说,CHAdeMO规范不允许EV充电器侧控制充电的开始和停止。
因此,因为根据CHAdeMO规范的EV充电器在EV充电器开始充电之前和之后没有可以使用电子货币进行支付的停止点,所以不能像专利文献1那样在EV充电器开始充电之前在停止点处进行对使用EV充电器的支付。
另外,根据CHAdeMO规范,在EV充电器已经将EV成功地充电后,解锁EV充电器的充电连接器,使得它可以连接到EV和从EV断开。
因此,在根据CHAdeMO规范的EV充电器中,有可能在EV充电器已经将EV充电后,充电连接器从EV断开。因此,即使EV充电器在EV充电器停止充电后具有停止点,也可能将不进行对使用EV充电器的支付。
结果,在根据CHAdeMO规范的EV充电器中,有可能将不进行对使用EV充电器的支付。
因此,本发明的目的是解决上面的问题,并且提供一种用于防止不进行对使用充电器的支付的技术。
解决问题的手段
根据本发明的充电器是一种对安装在电动车辆上的可充电电池充电的充电器,包括:
电力供应单元,所述电力供应单元向所述可充电电池供应电力;
支付单元,所述支付单元使用电子货币来为使用所述充电器进行支付;以及
控制单元,当所述控制单元被所述电动车辆指令来开始充电时,所述控制单元指令所述电力供应单元开始向所述可充电电池供应电力,并且所述控制单元指令所述支付单元使用所述电子货币来进行支付。
根据本发明的充电方法是一种用于对安装在电动车辆上的可充电电池充电的充电器的充电方法,包括步骤:
当被所述电动车辆指令开始充电时,开始向所述可充电电池供应电力,并且使用电子货币来进行支付。
本发明的效果
根据本发明,因为在充电器被EV指令来开始充电后,立即使用电子货币对于使用充电器进行支付,所以可以防止不进行对于使用充电器的支付。
附图说明
图1是示出根据本发明的示例性实施例的包括EV充电器的充电系统的结构的框图。
图2是描述在图1中所示的充电系统在将EV充电的同时执行的操作的流程图。
图3是描述在图1中所示的EV充电器在将EV充电的同时执行的操作的序列图。
图4是描述在图1中所示的EV充电器在将EV充电的同时出现的画面转换的示意图。
具体实施方式
接下来,参考附图,将描述本发明的示例性实施例。
图1是示出根据这个示例性实施例的包括EV充电器的充电系统的结构的框图。
在图1中所示的充电系统具有EV 10和EV充电器20。
EV 10具有可充电电池11和控制单元12。
使用从EV充电器20供应的电力来将可充电电池11充电。虽然使用充电到可充电电池11的电力来驱动EV 10,但是EV 10的驱动系统的结构在本发明的范围之外,但是在本领域中已知。因此,将在本说明书中省略EV 10的驱动系统的结构。
控制单元12控制EV 10的结构构件以便执行各种处理。
EV充电器20具有显示单元21、电力供应单元22、支付单元23和控制单元24。
显示单元21在EV充电器20对EV 10充电的同时显示各种画面。
电力供应单元22向EV 10的可充电电池11供应电力。
支付单元23为由EV 10承载而使用EV充电器20,使用电子货币来进行支付。假定对使用EV充电器20的支付是统一的,而与电力供应量无关(统一价格)
控制单元24控制EV充电器20的结构构件以便执行各种处理。
接下来,将描述在图1中所示的充电系统的操作。
首先,参考图2,将描述在EV充电器20将EV 10充电的同时执行的在图1中所示的充电系统的操作。
如图2中所示,EV充电器20的用户将EV充电器20的充电连接器连接到EV 10(在步骤A1)。
其后,EV充电器20的控制单元24开始对于将EV充电器20的主体和充电连接器连接的充电电缆的绝缘测试(在步骤A2)。因为用于绝缘测试的该方法在本发明的范围之外,但是在本领域中已知,所以将在本说明书中省略该绝缘测试的方法的说明。在开始绝缘测试后,锁定充电连接器,使得它不能连接到EV 10和从EV 10断开。
在完成绝缘测试后(在步骤A3),EV 10的控制单元12指令EV充电器20开始充电(在步骤A4)。当指令EV充电器20这样做时,EV充电器20的控制单元24指令电力供应单元22开始向EV 10供应电力。
当EV 10指令EV充电器20的控制单元24开始充电时,控制单元24指令支付单元23使用电子货币来为由EV 10承载而使用EV充电器20进行支付(在步骤A5)。其后,控制单元24查看是否已经在预定时间段中进行了支付(在步骤A6)。
如果在预定时间段中还没有进行支付(在步骤A6处的否),则EV充电器20的控制单元24指令电力供应单元22强制停止向EV 10供应电力(在步骤A7)。
相反,如果在预定时间段中已经进行了支付(在步骤A6处的是),则当可充电电池11的充电量达到预定量时(在快速充电器的情况下,可充电电池11的充电率达到80%),EV 10的控制单元12指令EV充电器20停止将可充电电池11充电(在步骤A8)。当EV充电器20的控制单元24被指令这样做时,EV充电器20的控制单元24指令电力供应单元22停止向EV 10供应电力。
在步骤A7和步骤A8处完成充电后,充电连接器被解锁,使得它可以连接到EV 10和从EV 10断开。
接下来,参考图3和图4,将与在图1中所示的EV充电器20在将EV 10充电的同时显示的画面一起描述操作。
如图3中所示,控制单元24指令显示单元21显示开始画面(在步骤B1)。当指令显示单元21这样做时,显示单元21显示例如在图4中所示的开始画面S1。
当用户对EV 10使用EV充电器20时,用户触摸开始画面S1。其后,用户将EV充电器20的充电连接器连接到EV 10。其后,开始绝缘测试。将省略这些操作和在执行这些操作的同时出现的画面的说明。如上所述,在进行了绝缘测试后,充电连接器被锁定,使得它不能连接到EV充电器20和从EV充电器20断开。
在完成绝缘测试并且EV 10指令控制单元24开始充电后(在步骤B2处的是),控制单元24指令电力供应单元22开始向EV 10供应电力。在此处,控制单元24指令电力供应单元22以作为低速(例如,最低速度)的第一速度向EV 10供应电力,作为表示每单位时间的电力供应量的电力供应速度(在步骤B3)。当指令电力供应单元22这样做时,电力供应单元22将电力供应速度减小为第一速度,并且开始以第一速度向EV 10供应电力。
其后,控制单元24指令显示单元21显示支付画面,该支付画面提示用户使用具有电子货币功能的IC(集成电路)卡来触摸(在步骤B4)。当指令显示单元21这样做时,显示单元21显示例如在图4中所示的支付画面S2。
虽然EV充电器20已经在步骤B4处开始将EV 10充电,但是支付画面S2未示出EV充电器20已经将EV 10充电。因此,支付画面S2将提示要将EV 10充电的用户以主动方式使用IC卡触摸。
控制单元24指令支付单元23使用电子货币来为使用EV充电器20进行支付(在步骤B5)。当指令支付单元23这样做时,支付单元23使用电子货币来进行支付。具体地说,当使用IC卡来触摸支付画面S2时,支付单元23从IC卡读取支付所需的信息(电子货币值和用户标识符等),并且基于已经从IC卡读取的信息来使用电子货币进行支付。
其后,在控制单元24已经被EV 10指令来开始充电后,控制单元24查看支付单元23是否已经在预定时间段中使用电子货币进行了支付(在步骤B6和B7)。
未使用电子货币成功地进行支付的情况包括:未使用IC卡触摸支付画面S2的情况;以及,即使使用IC卡触摸了支付画面S2,也在IC卡中出现读取错误的情况。使用电子货币成功地进行支付的情况包括下述情况:其中,使用IC卡触摸了支付画面S2,从IC卡正确地读取了信息,并且成功地进行了支付。
如果还没有在预定时间段中进行支付(在步骤B7处的是),则控制单元24指令电力供应单元22强制停止向EV 10供应电力(在步骤B8)。当指令电力供应单元22这样做时,电力供应单元22停止向EV10供应电力。
另外,控制单元24指令显示单元21显示错误画面,该错误画面示出还没有使用电子货币成功地进行支付(在步骤B8)。当指令显示单元21这样做时,显示单元21显示例如在图4中所示的错误画面S3。在错误画面S3出现后,充电连接器被解锁,使得它可以连接到EV充电器20和从EV充电器20断开。其后,该流程再一次返回到步骤B1,并且然后开始画面S1出现。
相反,如果已经在预定时间段中进行了支付(在步骤B6处的是),则控制单元24指令显示单元21显示支付完成画面,该支付完成画面示出已经使用电子货币成功地进行了支付(在步骤B9)。当指令显示单元21这样做时,显示单元21显示例如在图4中所示的支付完成画面S4。
另外,控制单元24指令电力供应单元22将电力供应速度增大为大于第一速度的第二速度(在步骤B10)。当指令电力供应单元22这样做时,电力供应单元22将电力供应速度增大为第二速度。
另外,控制单元24指令显示单元21显示充电开始画面,该画面示出EV充电器20已经开始将EV 10充电(在步骤B11)。当指令显示单元21这样做时,显示单元21显示例如在图4中所示的充电开始画面S5。
虽然EV充电器20已经在步骤B11处开始将EV 10充电,但是在这个点处,充电开始画面S5允许用户确定EV充电器20已经开始将EV 10充电。
其后,当EV 10指令控制单元24停止充电时(在步骤B12处的是),控制单元24指令电力供应单元22停止向EV 10供应电力(在步骤B13)。当指令电力供应单元22这样做时,电力供应单元22停止向EV 10供应电力。
另外,控制单元24指令显示单元21显示充电完成画面,该画面示出EV充电器20已经完全地将EV 10充电(在步骤B14)。当指令显示单元21这样做时,显示单元21显示例如在图4中所示的充电完成画面S6。在充电完成画面S6出现后,将充电连接器解锁,使得它可以连接到EV充电器20和从EV充电器20断开。其后,该流程再一次返回到步骤B1,并且然后开始画面S1出现。
如上所述,根据这个示例性实施例,在EV 10指令EV充电器20开始充电之后立即(没有停止点)使用电子货币来为使用EV充电器20进行支付。结果,作为这个示例性实施例的效果,可以防止不进行对使用EV充电器20的支付。
如果在预定时间段已经过去后还没有使用电子货币进行支付,则EV充电器20强制停止对EV 10充电。结果,如果还没有进行对使用EV充电器20的支付,则可以抑制用于EV 10的电力量。
在使用电子货币进行支付之前,EV充电器20以低速(第一速度)来将EV 10充电。在使用电子货币进行支付后,EV充电器20以高速(第二速度)来将EV 10充电。结果,如果还没有进行对使用EV充电器20的支付,则可以进一步抑制用于EV 10的电力量。
在使用电子货币进行支付之前,EV充电器20使得画面显现以便提示用户使用具有电子货币功能的IC卡触摸。虽然EV充电器20已经逐渐地将EV 10充电,但是这样的画面显现以便提示用户以主动方式使用IC卡触摸EV充电器20。
已经参考示例性实施例描述了本发明。然而,本领域内的技术人员应当明白,在不偏离本发明的范围的情况下,可以以各种方式来改变本发明的结构和细节。
本申请要求基于在2012年4月27日提交的日本专利申请JP2012-102926的优先权,其整体内容通过引用被整体并入在此。

Claims (8)

1.一种充电器,所述充电器对安装在电动车辆上的可充电电池充电,包括:
电力供应单元,所述电力供应单元向所述可充电电池供应电力;
支付单元,所述支付单元使用电子货币来为使用所述充电器进行支付;以及
控制单元,当所述控制单元被所述电动车辆指令来开始充电时,所述控制单元指令所述电力供应单元开始向所述可充电电池供应电力,并且所述控制单元指令所述支付单元使用所述电子货币来进行支付。
2.根据权利要求1所述的充电器,
其中,如果所述支付单元在所述控制单元已经被所述电动车辆指令来开始充电并且预定时间段已经过去后还没有使用所述电子货币来进行支付,则所述控制单元指令所述电力供应单元停止向所述可充电电池供应电力。
3.根据权利要求2所述的充电器,
其中,在所述控制单元已经被所述电动车辆指令来开始充电,直到所述支付单元已经使用所述电子货币来进行支付,所述控制单元指令所述电力供应单元以第一速度向所述可充电电池供应电力,并且
其中,如果所述支付单元已经使用所述电子货币进行了支付,则所述控制单元指令所述电力供应单元以高于所述第一速度的第二速度来向所述可充电电池供应电力。
4.根据权利要求2或3所述的充电器,进一步包括:
显示单元,
其中,在所述控制单元已经被所述电动车辆指令来开始充电,直到所述支付单元已经使用所述电子货币来进行支付,所述控制单元指令所述显示单元显示画面,所述画面提示用户使用具有所述电子货币的功能的IC卡来触摸。
5.一种充电方法,用于对安装在电动车辆上的可充电电池充电的充电器,所述充电方法包括步骤:
当被所述电动车辆指令来开始充电时,开始向所述可充电电池供应电力,并且使用所述电子货币来为使用所述充电器进行支付。
6.根据权利要求5所述的充电方法,进一步包括步骤:
如果在被所述电动车辆指令来开始充电并且预定时间段已经过去后还没有使用所述电子货币来进行支付,则停止向所述可充电电池供应电力。
7.根据权利要求6所述的充电方法,进一步包括步骤:
在被所述电动车辆指令来开始充电,直到已经使用所述电子货币来进行支付,以第一速度向所述可充电电池供应电力,并且
如果已经使用所述电子货币进行了支付,则以高于所述第一速度的第二速度来向所述可充电电池供应电力。
8.根据权利要求6或7所述的充电方法,进一步包括步骤:
在被所述电动车辆指令来开始充电,直到已经使用所述电子货币来进行支付,显示画面,所述画面提示用户使用具有所述电子货币的功能的IC卡来触摸。
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