CN104206334B

CN104206334B - The method of cultivation of a kind of ink Korea Spro's scallop hybrid

Info

Publication number: CN104206334B
Application number: CN201410483778.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王春德; 马斌; 孙奎府
Original assignee: QINGDAO OCEANWIDE BIOTECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
Current assignee: QINGDAO OCEANWIDE BIOTECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
Priority date: 2014-09-19
Filing date: 2014-09-19
Publication date: 2016-06-01
Anticipated expiration: 2034-09-19
Also published as: CN104206334A

Abstract

The present invention relates to the method for cultivation of a kind of ink Korea Spro's scallop hybrid. Within 1 year, select excellent kind of shellfish urge ripe after collect the ovum of single Gulfian scallop and the sperm of single Korea S bay scallop respectively, both mixing insemination set up ink Korea Spro and hybridize system of first filial generation man, with the bay scallop nursery of routine, keeping a full stand of seedings and sea is formed method and cultivated; Within 2nd year, the phenotype according to the system of each hybridization man of acquisition in 1 year selects superior hybrid crosses man system, selection traits defect individual from superior hybrid crosses man system, and after short ripe, selfing carries out purifying respectively, thus sets up the self-fertilization family (sff) that multiple ink Korea Spro hybridizes first filial generation; In the same way continuously more than selfing five generation, namely obtain genetic stability and growth big, scallop new variety that temperature tolerance range is wide fast, individual. This kind has Gulfian scallop and the good characteristics of Korea S's bay fan scallop simultaneously, and can in the marine site cultivation of China's major part, and the Gulfian scallop raising of output cultivation more southern than me reaches more than 40%, has great economic worth.

Description

The method of cultivation of a kind of ink Korea Spro's scallop hybrid

Technical field

The invention belongs to shellfish breeding technology, especially relate to a kind of Gulfian scallop and the method for cultivation of Korea S's bay scallop filial generation new variety--the method for cultivation of ink Korea Spro's scallop hybrid.

Background technology

Gulfian scallop (Argopectenirradiansconcentricus) is the subspecies of the littoral bay scallop of U.S., Atlantic; have Fresh & Tender in Texture, thermophile is wide, growth cycle is short, reproductivity is fast, the feature of easily cultivation etc.; China is introduced in 1991; and obtain and cultivate successfully; at present in Guangdong, Hainan, the ground such as Guangxi formed large-scale cultivation, become the mainstay industry of area, North Sea shellfish culture. But scallop individuality in the Gulfian own is less, add the expansion gradually of cultured area and for many generations cultivate, cause disease to take place frequently, plant matter and degenerate, mortality ratio the problem such as increase and show especially, carry out heavy losses to cultivation industrial zone, it is clear that the genetic improvement that Gulfian scallop carries out kind of matter is imperative.

Since 2013, China has introduced again a population of bay scallop (Argopectenirradiansirradians) from Korea S, compare with domestic other bay scallop populations existing with Gulfian scallop, this population shell Seedling height is fast, shell height can reach about 9 centimetres then, but owing to its shell width is less, dressing percentage is low, therefore the new Korea S's bay scallop introduced is improved quality further and also it is very important.

Obviously black Korea Spro's scallop hybrid new variety and the new technology thereof of cultivating high yield and high quality are very necessary.

Summary of the invention

It is an object of the invention to provide the method for cultivation of a kind of ink Korea Spro's scallop hybrid new variety, take place frequently to overcome existing Gulfian scallop disease, plant the problems such as matter is degenerated, mortality ratio increases.

It is another object of the present invention to the deficiency making up existing Gulfian scallop and Korea S's bay scallop scallop hybrid breeding technique.

The present invention is based on following design: 1) consider Gulfian scallop shell width and close shell flesh that all relatively greatly but shell height is less, and Korea S's bay scallop shell height is relatively big but shell width is less, both belong to Argopecten and belong to, chromosome number is identical, shell mould proterties is complementary, and by Gulfian scallop and the hybridization of Korea S bay scallop, to cultivate a kind of shell height and shell width is all big, dressing percentage is high new variety; 2) again, the subject range of Gulfian scallop is 10 DEG C-30 DEG C, it is adapted at the cultivation of southern china marine site, and Korea S's bay scallop thermal adaptation scope is-1 DEG C-31 DEG C, low temperature adaptability is better than Gulfian scallop far away, high-temperature adaptability is then close with it, therefore the corresponding expansion of thermal adaptation scope of filial generation, is adapted at the marine site cultivation of China's major part; 3) owing to Gulfian scallop and Korea S's bay scallop are all telianthus, therefore the defect individual selected from the filial generation of its telianthus carries out continuous selfing, just can rapid purification germline, namely obtain the Gulfian scallop of genetic stability and Korea S bay scallop filial generation (ink Korea Spro's scallop hybrid) new lines.

Therefore the present invention is in view of Gulfian scallop and Korea S's bay scallop are had complementary advantages in proterties in roomy little, the growth of shell height and shell and thermal adaptability etc., namely the advantage of Korea S's bay scallop can make up the shortcoming of Gulfian scallop just, therefore Korea S's bay scallop is selected the kind matter of Gulfian scallop to be improved specially, and by the sperm of the ovum of Gulfian scallop and Korea S's bay scallop being carried out inter-subspecies hybrid to cultivate black Korea Spro's scallop hybrid new variety of high yield and high quality.

The hybridization scheme of the present invention: head selected excellent Gulfian fan with Korea S's bay scallop as parent shellfish in 1 year, carry out, after cultivating and impelling scallop sex gland mature, stimulation of drying in the shade and heat up, collect the ovum of single Gulfian scallop and the sperm of single Korea S bay scallop respectively, both are mixed insemination foundation ink Korea Spro and hybridizes system of first filial generation man, according to this method establishment, multiple ink Korea Spro hybridizes system of first filial generation man, with the larvae cultivation of bay scallop routine, middle cultivate and sea is formed method and cultivated of keeping a full stand of seedings; Within 2nd year, the phenotype according to the system of each hybridization man of acquisition in 1 year selects superior hybrid crosses man system, selection traits defect individual from superior hybrid crosses man is again, after promoting scallop sex gland mature, selfing carries out purifying respectively, thus sets up the self-fertilization family (sff) that multiple ink Korea Spro hybridizes first filial generation; Within 3rd year, from above-mentioned self-fertilization family (sff), select superior families again, then select defect individual to continue selfing from superior families further and carry out purifying; So in the same way continuously more than selfing five generation, namely obtain genetic stability and growth big, black Korea Spro's scallop hybrid new variety that temperature tolerance range is wide fast, individual.

Obviously, the present invention obtains Gulfian scallop and the good characteristics of Korea S's bay scallop simultaneously, and growth is fast, shell height and shell width is all relatively big, dressing percentage height, temperature tolerance range are wide. These new variety are suitable for expanding culturing area in the marine site cultivation of China's major part, and yield per unit can improve than the Gulfian scallop of the south China of existing a large amount of cultivation and reaches more than 40%, has great economic worth.

Embodiment

Embodiment 1

The concrete operation steps that the family of the present invention is method of cultivation is as follows:

1. ink Korea Spro hybridizes the cultivation of system of first filial generation man: first select the Gulfian scallop of high more than 5 centimetres of shell and each 100 the conduct parent shellfishes of Korea S's bay scallop of high more than 8.5 centimetres of shell respectively in early January and mid-January, including in the water body of nursery room, storing up density is 100/m³, Korea S's bay scallop is cultivated from 8 DEG C, and Gulfian scallop is cultivated from 12 DEG C. The method cultivated be all every natural gift concentration of throwing something and feeding for 8 times is the diatom of 3,000,000 cells/ml and flat algae, mixes in the ratio of 4:1 and throws something and feeds, and throw something and feed 10L/m every time³, change water 1/2nd every day, every 4 days fall a pond, inflate continuously with air pump. Korea S's bay scallop is cultivated after 13 days sexual glands expand gradually at 8 DEG C and is started to heat up, and Gulfian scallop starts to heat up after 12 DEG C of cultivations, 8 days sexual glands expand gradually, increasing extent of temperature is all improve 0.5 DEG C every day, in time being raised to 18 DEG C, the sexual gland of two kinds of scallops is all close to ripe, now increases the feeding volume of bait gradually until scallop reaches sexual maturity. Select Gulfian scallop and Korea S's bay scallop of excellent gonadal maturation, dry in the shade after stimulating 30 minutes, single scallop is placed in the 2L plastic beaker filling 23 DEG C of seawater, collect sperm and ovum respectively, collect seminal fluid with 500 object silk cover filterings to remove ovum, the ovum collected is observed after placing 20 minutes under the microscope, if being fertilized growth, discards. The sperm of the ovum of the Gulfian scallop obtained and Korea S's bay scallop is inseminated, zygote is placed in the 100L white plastic bucket hatching filling 23 DEG C of seawater, then carry out cultivation and sea in the middle of larvae cultivation, seed according to bay scallop ordinary method to form, namely obtain ink Korea Spro and hybridize system of first filial generation man.

2. ink Korea Spro hybridizes the selfing purifying of first filial generation: hybridize first filial generation man is the average phenotypic selection superior families being according to family from some ink Korea Spro of above-mentioned cultivation, then the scallop that selection 100 individualities are big from superior families includes nursery room as parent shellfish in January, can carry out selfing purifying after cultivating sex gland mature. Choose ripe black Korea Spro and hybridize first filial generation parent shellfish, dry in the shade and stimulate 30 minutes, single scallop is placed in the 2L plastic beaker adding 23 DEG C of seawater in advance and makes its ejaculation of laying eggs. Stir and make the smart ovum from same scallop and mix, then carry out according to the conventional method of cultivation of bay scallop cultivating in the middle of larvae cultivation, seed and sea is formed, namely obtain the self-fertilization family (sff) that multiple ink Korea Spro hybridizes first filial generation scallop.

3. black Korea Spro's hybrid new breed of inheritance stability is cultivated: select superior families according to the performance that each is all individualities, the scallop that selection 100 individualities are excellent from the superior families selected is as the close shellfish of next year selfed breeding, for breed of variety, more than the method for above-mentioned selfing purifying continuous selfing five generation, until the individual performance of major part is excellent and consistent, namely obtain black Korea Spro's hybrid new breed of inheritance stability.

Embodiment 2

Choose each 200 the conduct parent shellfishes of excellent Gulfian scallop and Korea S's bay scallop through cultivating sex gland mature in February, 2014, through drying in the shade and obtain the ovum of Gulfian scallop and the sperm of Korea S's bay scallop after the stimulation that heats up, Gulfian scallop (ovum) and Korea S's bay scallop (essence) hybridization first filial generation is obtained with the sperm of Korea S's bay scallop after inseminating, obtain 18 black Korea Spro altogether through cultivation and hybridize system of first filial generation man, each system has about 800, obtain the juvenile mollusk of a large amount of normal development, it grows fine, and hybrid vigour is obvious.

Claims

1. the method for cultivation of black Korea Spro's scallop hybrid, it is characterized in that the scheme cultivated is: within 1 year, first select excellent Korea S's bay scallop and Gulfian scallop as parent shellfish, include nursery room in January to throw something and feed every day single born of the same parents algae, carry out, after cultivating and impelling scallop sex gland mature, stimulation of drying in the shade and heat up, collect the ovum of single Gulfian scallop and the sperm of single Korea S bay scallop respectively, both are mixed insemination foundation ink Korea Spro and hybridizes system of first filial generation man, according to this method establishment, multiple ink Korea Spro hybridizes system of first filial generation man, with the larvae cultivation of bay scallop routine, middle cultivation of keeping a full stand of seedings is formed method with sea and is cultivated, within 2nd year, the phenotype according to the system of each hybridization man of acquisition in 1 year selects superior hybrid crosses man system, selection traits defect individual from superior hybrid crosses man is, after impelling scallop sex gland mature, selfing carries out purifying respectively, thus sets up the self-fertilization family (sff) that multiple ink Korea Spro hybridizes first filial generation, within 3rd year, from above-mentioned self-fertilization family (sff), select superior families again, then select defect individual to continue selfing from superior families further and carry out purifying, so in the same way continuously more than selfing five generation, namely obtain genetic stability and growth big, black Korea Spro's scallop hybrid new variety that temperature tolerance range is wide fast, individual.

2. the method for cultivation of black Korea Spro's scallop hybrid, it is characterised in that adopting house to be method of cultivation, concrete operation steps is as follows:

1) ink Korea Spro hybridizes the cultivation of system of first filial generation man: first select the Gulfian scallop of high more than 5 centimetres of shell and each 100 the conduct parent shellfishes of Korea S's bay scallop of high more than 8.5 centimetres of shell respectively in early January and mid-January, including in the water body of nursery room, storing up density is 100/m³, Korea S's bay scallop is cultivated from 8 DEG C, and Gulfian scallop is cultivated from 12 DEG C, and the method for cultivation is all every natural gift concentration of throwing something and feeding for 8 times is the diatom of 3,000,000 cells/ml and flat algae, throws something and feeds in the mixing of the ratio of 4:1, and throw something and feed 10L/m every time³, change water 1/2nd every day, every 4 days fall a pond, inflate continuously with air pump, Korea S's bay scallop is cultivated after 13 days sexual glands expand gradually at 8 DEG C and is started to heat up, and Gulfian scallop starts to heat up after 12 DEG C of cultivations, 8 days sexual glands expand gradually, increasing extent of temperature is all improve 0.5 DEG C every day, in time being raised to 18 DEG C, the sexual gland of two kinds of scallops is all close to ripe, now increase the feeding volume of bait gradually until scallop reaches sexual maturity, select Gulfian scallop and Korea S's bay scallop of excellent gonadal maturation, dry in the shade after stimulating 30 minutes, single scallop is placed in the 2L plastic beaker filling 23 DEG C of seawater, collect sperm and ovum respectively, collect seminal fluid with 500 object silk cover filterings to remove ovum, the ovum collected is observed after placing 20 minutes under the microscope, if being fertilized growth, discard, the sperm of the ovum of the Gulfian scallop obtained and Korea S's bay scallop is inseminated, zygote is placed in the 100L white plastic bucket hatching filling 23 DEG C of seawater, then larvae cultivation is carried out according to the conventional method of cultivation of bay scallop, cultivate in the middle of seed and form with sea, namely obtain ink Korea Spro and hybridize system of first filial generation man,

2) ink Korea Spro hybridizes the selfing purifying of first filial generation: hybridize first filial generation man is the average phenotypic selection superior families being according to family from some ink Korea Spro of above-mentioned cultivation, then the scallop that selection 100 individualities are big from superior families includes nursery room as parent shellfish in January, selfing purifying can be carried out after cultivating and impelling scallop sex gland mature, choose ripe black Korea Spro and hybridize first filial generation parent shellfish, dry in the shade and stimulate 30 minutes, single scallop is placed in the 2L plastic beaker adding 23 DEG C of seawater in advance and makes its ejaculation of laying eggs, stirring makes the smart ovum from same scallop and mixes, larvae cultivation is carried out again according to the conventional method of cultivation of bay scallop, cultivate in the middle of seed and form with sea, namely the self-fertilization family (sff) that multiple ink Korea Spro hybridizes first filial generation scallop is obtained,

3) black Korea Spro's hybrid new breed of inheritance stability is cultivated: select superior families according to the performance that each is all individualities, the scallop that selection 100 individualities are excellent from the superior families selected is as the close shellfish of next year selfed breeding, for breed of variety, more than the method for above-mentioned selfing purifying continuous selfing five generation, namely obtain black Korea Spro's hybrid new breed of inheritance stability.

3. the method for cultivation of ink Korea Spro's scallop hybrid as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that above-mentioned single born of the same parents algae is diatom and flat algae.

4. the method for cultivation of ink Korea Spro's scallop hybrid as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that the above-mentioned diatom in single born of the same parents algae and the ratio of flat algae are 4:1.

5. the method for cultivation of ink Korea Spro's scallop hybrid as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the temperature stimulated that carries out the scallop of above-mentioned sex gland mature heating up is 23 DEG C.