CN104195883A - 造纸方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种造纸方法。对具有第一面和第二面的基纸的至少第一面进行处理，使其粗糙度水平达到Bendtsen粗糙度为30-500ml/min。之后，采用非接触式方法在该基纸的第一面上提供一层防护层，以使该基纸的透湿性不大于10/g/m2/24h。
Description
本发明涉及一种造纸方法。这种纸可以作为例如包装用的工业用纸或用于更进一步的加工(converting)。
采用本发明所述的方法，可以制造例如袋材料或平板纸包装纸(ream wrapping paper)。平板纸包装纸是保护复制纸和印刷纸的包装材料。典型地，一令包装纸包含500张A4型号的纸。平板纸包装纸的功能在于：首先保护包含于其内部的纸张使之不接触外部的水分，另一方面，保持包装内部的预期湿度水平。第二，平板包装纸保护纸张免受机械损伤。第三，它可以为商标做广告；和第四，好的外观和印刷会创造出高质量产品的印象。
这里有几种生产平板纸包装纸的方法。通常情况下，平板纸包装纸包括基纸、聚乙烯涂布层、印刷层以及漆层。作为聚乙烯涂布层的替代，各种分散剂和蜡也被用来赋予所述包装预期的保护以免接触空气中的水蒸气。此外，各种清漆、OPP薄膜或者其它加强材料比如非织造织物都可以用于平板纸包装纸中。
文献US 6,548,120公开了一种平板纸包装纸，其可以被回收且重新制浆，并且其透湿性为0.8到7g/100in2/24h，即12.4到108.5/g/m2/24h。在一个优选实施例中，基纸是压光的。采用公知的常规涂布方法，在基纸的正面形成一个基本涂层，并在其上再形成至少一个涂层。上述两种涂层都包含聚合物，该聚合物选自丙烯酸聚合物，丙烯酸共聚物，聚乙酸乙烯酯，聚乙烯醇，乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯，聚氯乙烯，苯乙烯/丁二烯共聚物，聚偏二氯乙烯以及它的共聚物，或者淀粉。
在本发明所述的方法中，基纸首先被处理以具有30-500ml/min的表面粗糙度，然后该纸采用非接触法进行涂布。
该基纸可以含有0-100wt％，优选30-70wt％的硬木木桨(hardwood pulp)。该浆料可以是漂白的、未漂白的或者半漂的。另外，该纸张可以含有0-100wt％，优选30-70wt％的软木木桨(softwoodpulp)。该软木木浆也可以是漂白的、未漂白的或者半漂的。该纸张也可以含有0-100wt％，优选30-70wt％的漂白、未漂或半漂的精制木屑浆(refiner sawdust pulp)。也可能该纸张含有0-100wt％的漂白、未漂或半漂的热磨机械浆(thermomechanical pulp)或机械浆(mechanical pulp)。该基纸可以含有0-45wt％的填料，比如高岭土或碳酸钙。该纸张可以被制造以使纸机短循环(short circulation of thepaper machine)中的pH为3.5至6.0或6.0至8.7。
制备该基纸的一种可能组成为40wt％的漂白、未漂或半漂的精制木屑浆，60wt％的软木木浆以及5wt-％的填料。通常情况下，所述比例可以在30-70-wt％精制木屑浆，30-70-wt％软木木浆，以及0-45-wt％填料的幅度内变化。
该纸张可以采用表面施胶压机或相应装置进行预涂布。预涂布的量可以在0.1到20g/m2的范围内。在该预涂布中使用传统的矿物颗粒比如碳酸钙和/或高岭土。干物质含量为15-65wt％。在对一侧或两侧进行预涂布之前，可能对该纸张的表面进行平滑处理，优选通过压光处理。
在真正的涂布之前，对该纸张进行处理使其Bendtsen粗糙度为30-500ml/min，优选100-200ml/min。PPS粗糙度可以为1.5-2.5μm，且Hunter光泽度可以为0-30％，优选20-30％。
测量Bendtsen粗糙度的方法为ISO8721-2:1990。分别采用ISO8791-4:1992和ISO8254-1:1999来测量PPS粗糙度和Hunter光泽度。
纸张表面可以通过软压光机、超级压光机、多压区压光机(multi-nip calender)或者通过在光泽烘缸(MG cylinder)表面处理的方式进行压光以使其达到合适的粗糙度。优选使用光泽烘缸，因为与其它表面处理方法相比，对于光泽烘缸处理纸张，在相同的涂料配方下，获得了最佳的透湿性。
当该纸张用这种方式处理以使表面粗糙度减少时，通过与热表面接触而对其进行处理，从而使纸张表面成为塑化的。与热表面接触的处理时间，典型地为0.7到7.0秒。这种处理通常只针对纸张的一面。该处理过的基纸的密度通常为600到1100kg/m3，优选650到850kg/m3。
如上所述，优选采用光泽烘缸进行该基纸的处理，因为对纸张的这种处理可以获得非常平滑的表面。当湿纸幅压在该热的、光滑的表面上时，纸张纤维网络的接触表面得以干燥以与热的、光滑表面的光滑度和轮廓相对应。有光纸(MG paper)是在尺寸上稳定的、光滑的和有光泽的。此外，与具有相同光滑度水平的压光纸相比，这种纸张在处理过的表面下有着低的密度和高的孔隙率。由于这种处理，在纸张的光滑表面形成了平面，从该平面上，仅可以发现朝向该结构向下的方向上有粗糙度偏差。这是一种典型的优势，因为纸张的表面因此而没有突出于纸张表面的粗糙度偏差，因此形成于纸张表面的涂布层将会形成无孔(unporous)表面；换句话说，这种纸没有能让水分渗透的瑕疵。
当该基纸经过光泽烘缸或压光机处理之后，其被涂布。涂层可以通过非接触法形成，比如幕涂或气刷涂布(air brush coating)。该方法优选幕涂。
该纸张尤其可以采用以下方式制备：
1)采用光泽烘缸对基纸进行压光或处理，以使其表面粗糙度水平为30-500ml/min。之后，采用幕涂法将该基纸涂覆以一层或者多层涂层。
2)采用包含矿物颗粒的涂料物质对该基纸进行预涂布。可以使用任何已知的方法实施该预涂布。在预涂布之后，采用光泽烘缸对该基纸进行压光或处理，使其表面粗糙度水平为30-500ml/min。之后，采用幕涂法将该基纸涂覆以一层或多层涂层。
当只使用一层幕涂涂层时，所述涂层为防止水蒸气渗入纸张的防护层。该防护层通常含有至少一种下面所列举的用于防护层的物质。
然而，与仅采用通过幕涂法形成的一层涂层相比，采用幕涂法形成的多层涂层更具有优势，这种优势在于可以用更少的总涂料量达到更好的在透湿性上的结果。
例如，在优选实施方式中，在一个幕涂步骤中形成三层涂层，使得在纸张表面施涂的涂层包含矿物颗粒和胶粘剂，中间的涂层为防护层，最外面的涂层也是含有矿物颗粒和胶粘剂的层。该胶粘剂可以是与防护层中使用的相同的聚合物质。该防护层也可以包含矿物颗粒，但这并不是必须的。形成该防护层的物质优选包含苯乙烯/丁二烯或者乙烯与丙烯酸的共聚物。矿物物质优选高岭土。
幕涂和其他非接触式方法具有涂层顺应基纸轮廓的优势；换句话说，无论纸张表面的轮廓是否变化，涂层的厚度都保持不变。
所有形成涂层中的矿物颗粒可以包括滑石，高岭土，碳酸钙，或是二氧化钛。在某些情况下，该颗粒优选平面的以使他们具有更好的表面防护效果。
防护层所用的物质和胶粘剂可以包含苯乙烯/丁二烯，苯乙烯/丙烯酸酯，苯乙烯/丁二烯/丙烯腈(acrylonitril)，苯乙烯/丙烯酸酯/丙烯腈，苯乙烯/丁二烯/丙烯酸酯/丙烯腈，苯乙烯/苹果酸酐，苯乙烯/丙烯酸酯/马来酸酐，多糖，蛋白质，聚乙烯吡咯烷酮，聚乙烯醇，聚乙酸乙烯酯，乙烯/丙烯酸共聚物，乙烯/乙烯基醇共聚物，聚氨酯，环氧树脂，聚酯，聚烯烃，羧甲基纤维素，硅，蜡，或者它们的混合物。胶粘剂特别优选包括例如羧基化苯乙烯/丁二烯，羧基化苯乙烯/丙烯酸酯，羧基化苯乙烯/马来酸酐，羧基多糖，蛋白质，聚乙烯醇，羧基化聚丙烯酸乙烯酯，以及它们的混合物。
多糖的例子包括琼脂、海藻酸钠、淀粉以及改性淀粉，比如热改性淀粉，羧甲基化淀粉，羟乙基淀粉，和氧化淀粉。蛋白质的例子包括清蛋白，大豆蛋白和酪蛋白。
在涂布之后，可以采用公知的压光技术对该纸张进行压光，例如在软压光机中。在软压光机中，压区压力可以为10到300kN/m，典型的为50-150kN/m，并且压光机热辊的温度可以是20℃到200℃，典型的为30℃到150℃.
下面将通过附图和实施例的方式对本发明进行描述。在附图中，
附图1示出了光泽烘缸的工作原理，并且
附图2示出了幕涂方法的工作原理。
附图1示出了光泽烘缸1的工作原理。采用压辊1b将纸幅W挤压到烘缸1a的光滑的和热表面上，以便使纸张表面变为塑化的和平滑的。
附图2示出了幕涂方法的工作原理。幕涂涂布单元2包括喷嘴装置3，其用来将数个射流4作为多层幕帘5引导到待涂布纸张6的表面上。在涂布之前，通过辊7来改变纸张6的传送方向，以减少由空气界面带来的问题。
实施例
表1示出了测试用基纸的性能。
表1测试用基纸
基纸1是包含填料和硫酸盐软木木浆的有光纸，基纸2是白色的双面光纸(MF paper)，并且基纸3是经过表面施胶和预涂布的纸。
包含矿物颗粒的涂层主要包括高岭土和胶乳，比如苯乙烯/丁二烯胶乳。
防护层可以包含苯乙烯/丁二烯基胶乳，乙烯/丙烯酸共聚物的水性分散液，丙烯/乙烯共聚物，聚氨酯分散体或它们的混合物。除上述物质之外，防护层可以包含矿物颗粒，比如高岭土。
在测试中，使用了三种不同的涂布量：
1)施涂于基纸上的层为3g/m2，防护层为4g/m2，最外层为7g/m2。
2)施涂于基纸上的层为3g/m2，防护层为5g/m2，最外层为6g/m2。
3)施涂于基纸上的层为3g/m2，防护层为6g/m2，最外层为3g/m2。
表2和3给出了涂料配方。表格中给出了部分物质用量。
当使用的胶粘剂是含有乙烯和丙烯酸共聚物的胶粘剂时，可以得到最好的结果。当胶粘剂也包含矿物颗粒时，可以得到可回收的产品；换句话说，这种产品在水中有可溶性。并且，印刷性能也很好。最好的基纸是包含硫酸盐软木木浆和填料的基纸1。基纸1经过光泽烘缸处理。在测试的基础上发现，在使用这些物质和方法的情况下，防护层的克重应当优选超过4g/m2，更优选为5到7g/m2，以达到透湿性小于10g/m2/24h的目标。透湿性通过ISO2528:1995中公开的方法进行测量，测量条件为T＝23℃，RH＝50％和t＝24h。
Claims (4)
1.一种制造包装纸方法，其中该包装纸具有至少一个防护层，所述方法通过下述步骤进行：
－使用具有第一面和第二面的基纸，
－使用光泽烘缸和/或压光机处理所述基纸的至少第一面以到达30－500ml/min的Bendtsen粗糙度的粗糙度水平，和
－采用非接触式方法为所述基纸的第一面提供防护层，以使所述纸的透湿性不大于10g/m2/24h；
其特征在于，所述基纸被幕涂，采用幕涂法形成多层涂层；和
其中所述防护层包含苯乙烯/丁二烯，苯乙烯/丙烯酸酯，苯乙烯/丁二烯/丙烯腈，苯乙烯/丙烯酸酯/丙烯腈，苯乙烯/丁二烯/丙烯酸酯/丙烯腈，苯乙烯/苹果酸酐，苯乙烯/丙烯酸酯/马来酸酐，多糖，蛋白质，聚乙烯吡咯烷酮，聚乙烯醇，聚乙酸乙烯酯，乙烯/丙烯酸共聚物，乙烯/乙烯基醇共聚物，聚氨酯，环氧树脂，聚酯，聚烯烃，羧甲基纤维素，硅，蜡，或它们的混合物。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，除所述防护层之外，在单独的涂布步骤中，在所述防护层的一面或两面上形成包含矿物颗粒和胶粘剂的层。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，对所述涂布纸进行压光。
4.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中所述防护层包含选自碳酸钙、高岭土、二氧化钛、滑石及其组合的矿物颗粒。
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| US9365980B2 (en) | 2010-11-05 | 2016-06-14 | International Paper Company | Packaging material having moisture barrier and methods for preparing same |
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| EP3342929B1 (de) | 2016-12-30 | 2018-12-12 | Mitsubishi HiTec Paper Europe GmbH | Barrierepapier |
| MX2019013837A (es) * | 2017-05-31 | 2020-01-30 | Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance | Material de envasado laminado, recipientes de envasado fabricados a partir de ellos y metodo para fabricar el material laminado. |
| ES2784755T3 (es) * | 2017-05-31 | 2020-09-30 | Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance | Material laminado de envasado, recipientes de envasado fabricados a partir de este y un método para fabricar el material laminado |
| KR101968044B1 (ko) * | 2018-07-09 | 2019-06-19 | 한솔제지 주식회사 | 수분 및 가스 차단성 종이의 제조방법 |
| US11834791B2 (en) | 2019-03-29 | 2023-12-05 | Nippon Paper Industries Co., Ltd. | Method for manufacturing paper barrier base material |
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| US5989724A (en) * | 1993-05-10 | 1999-11-23 | International Paper Company | Recyclable and repulpable ream wrap and related methods of manufacture |
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| JP2000265395A (ja) * | 1999-03-12 | 2000-09-26 | Oji Paper Co Ltd | 防湿積層体 |
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| EP1249533A1 (en) * | 2001-04-14 | 2002-10-16 | The Dow Chemical Company | Process for making multilayer coated paper or paperboard |
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| AU2002335033A1 (en) * | 2002-10-15 | 2004-05-04 | Dow Global Technologies Inc. | Method of producing a multilayer coated substrate having improved barrier properties |
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