CN104163998A - 一种阻燃慢回弹三元乙丙橡胶开孔发泡材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种阻燃慢回弹三元乙丙橡胶开孔发泡材料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN104163998A
CN104163998A CN201410401764.1A CN201410401764A CN104163998A CN 104163998 A CN104163998 A CN 104163998A CN 201410401764 A CN201410401764 A CN 201410401764A CN 104163998 A CN104163998 A CN 104163998A
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侯汝红
陈奕汲
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Abstract

本发明涉及发泡材料，特别涉及一种阻燃慢回弹三元乙丙橡胶开孔发泡材料及其制备方法，通过适当的配方和工艺，交联发泡得的一种具有轻质、低烟阻燃、吸震强、压缩变形小、耐老化等特性的阻燃慢回弹三元乙丙橡胶开孔发泡材料，广泛应用于国民经济的各个领域，汽车工业如发动机密封、减震；建筑行业如密封防漏、墙壁吸音；轨道交通如轨垫；船舶工业如密封片等。

Description

一种阻燃慢回弹三元乙丙橡胶开孔发泡材料及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种发泡材料，特别涉及一种具有轻质、低烟阻燃、吸震强、压缩变形小、耐老化等特性的阻燃慢回弹三元乙丙橡胶开孔发泡材料及其制备方法。 
背景技术
三元乙丙橡胶因其优异的耐候性、耐臭氧、耐热性、电绝缘性和耐化学介质腐蚀性，被广泛应用于航空、汽车、船舶、电子、建筑等领域。 
目前市面销售的快回弹三元乙丙橡胶开孔发泡材料，吸震能力相比闭孔发泡材料有很大提高，但是相比慢回弹三元乙丙橡胶开孔发泡材料仍有一定差距。 
现有阻燃慢回弹三元乙丙橡胶开孔发泡材料是在快回弹三元乙丙橡胶开孔发泡材料配方的基础上，通过大量添加阻燃剂和慢回弹填料，配合适当的工艺路线、参数共同实现的。此方法虽然实现了三元乙丙橡胶开孔发泡材料的阻燃和慢回弹特性，但是制备的阻燃慢回弹三元乙丙橡胶开孔发泡材料存在比重大、阻燃效果差、压缩变形大、不耐老化等缺点，严重限制了它的使用范围。如何解决现有阻燃慢回弹三元乙丙橡胶开孔发泡材料的上述缺点，一直是阻燃慢回弹三元乙丙橡胶开孔发泡材料研究领域的难点问题，目前国内外还没有发现集轻质、低烟阻燃、吸震强、压缩变形小、耐老化等特性于一体的阻燃慢回弹三元乙丙橡胶开孔发泡材料的相关报道。 
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种具有轻质、低烟阻燃、吸震强、压缩变形小、耐老化等特性的阻燃慢回弹三元乙丙橡胶开孔发泡材料及其制备方法。 
为实现上述目的，本发明采用如下技术方案：一种阻燃慢回弹三元乙丙橡胶开孔发泡材料，由包括以下重量份配比的原料制得： 
三元乙丙橡胶                         100PHR
丁基橡胶                           10-100PHR
石油树脂                            5-15 PHR
炭黑                                  5-30 PHR
阻燃剂                              5-20 PHR
抑烟剂                              5-20 PHR   
高岭土                             5-100 PHR
加工油                              5-60 PHR
促进剂                              2-10 PHR
发泡剂                              2-30 PHR
助发泡剂                            2-25 PHR
硫化剂                              1-10 PHR
分散剂                              1-10 PHR
流动剂                              1-10 PHR
防老剂                              1-10 PHR。
优选的，由以下重量份配比的原料制得： 
三元乙丙橡胶                       100PHR
丁基橡胶                            70PHR
石油树脂                            10 PHR
炭黑                                 10PHR
阻燃剂                              10PHR
抑烟剂                              10 PHR   
高岭土                              50 PHR
加工油                              50 PHR
促进剂                               5 PHR
发泡剂                               20PHR
发泡助剂                            15 PHR
硫化剂                               6 PHR
分散剂                               3 PHR
流动剂                               5 PHR
防老剂                               5 PHR。
一种前述阻燃慢回弹三元乙丙橡胶开孔发泡材料的制备方法：包括如下步骤： 
步骤1：密炼；
步骤2：自动热炼、上挂、停放；
步骤3：挤出滤胶、出片；
步骤4：一段模内闭孔发泡材料;
步骤5：二段自由发泡、冷却；
步骤6：削皮、破孔、烘烤、冷却、成品。
在步骤1中，是先将三元乙丙橡胶、丁基橡胶、炭黑、石油树脂投入密炼机加压捏炼5-7分钟，再将分散剂、流动剂、防老剂、阻燃剂、抑烟剂、高岭土、发泡助剂、混合发泡剂、加工油投入密炼机加压捏炼10-15分钟；最后将促进剂、硫化剂投入密炼机加压捏炼3-5分钟，排胶，混炼时密炼机内温度控制在120℃以下; 
在步骤2中，是将按步骤1密炼出的胶料投入开炼机上热炼，先以为0.5-1mm厚度薄通2次，后以2-4mm厚度上挂3-5分钟，下胶停放12小时;
在步骤3中，将经步骤2处理的混炼胶在开炼机打包翻炼3-5分钟，以为4-6mm厚，10-15mm宽切条，切条的胶片通过输送带送入挤出机内挤出滤胶，挤成胶胚，挤出机的出口温度控制在70-85℃；
在步骤4中，将按步骤3挤出的胶胚切断、称重，送到平板硫化机内进行一段模压闭孔发泡，硫化压力120-160MPa,硫化温度100-160℃，硫化时间20-30分钟，出模进行光面、修边处理；
在步骤5中，将经步骤4处理的一段发泡体送入平板硫化机内进行二段自由发泡，硫化温度120-190℃，硫化时间25-35分钟，得到二段发泡体材料，冷却至室温；
在步骤6中，将经步骤5处理的二段发泡体削皮，经过破孔机破孔处理，在高温烘箱中以120-130℃烘烤90-120分钟，冷却至室温，得到阻燃慢回弹三元乙丙橡胶开孔发泡材料成品。
通过采用前述技术方案，本发明的有益效果是：与现有技术相比，本发明通过适当的配方和工艺，交联发泡得到的阻燃慢回弹三元乙丙橡胶开孔发泡材料具有轻质、低烟阻燃、吸震强、压缩变形小、耐老化等特性，能广泛应用于国民经济的各个领域，汽车工业如发动机密封、减震；建筑行业如密封防漏、墙壁吸音；轨道交通如轨垫；船舶工业如密封片等；解决了现有技术中存在的比重大、阻燃效果差、压缩变形大、不耐老化等缺点造成的严重限制使用范围的问题，同时本发明产品制备方法简单易行，适合于工业生产，从而满足工业发展的新需求。 
具体实施方式
现结合具体实施例对本发明进一步说明。 
实施例1：一种阻燃慢回弹三元乙丙橡胶开孔发泡材料的制备方法如下： 
（1）密炼：先将三元乙丙橡胶100份、丁基橡胶70份、炭黑10份、石油树脂10份，投入密炼机加压捏炼5分钟，再将分散剂3份、流动剂5份、防老剂5份、阻燃剂10份、抑烟剂10份、高岭土50份、发泡助剂15份、发泡剂20份、加工油50份，投入密炼机加压捏炼15分钟；最后将促进剂5份、硫化剂6份，投入密炼机加压捏炼3分钟，排胶，混炼时密炼机内温度控制在120℃。
（2）自动热炼、上挂、停放：将混炼后的胶料投入开炼机上热炼，先以1mm厚度薄通2次，后以4mm厚度上挂5分钟，下胶停放12小时。 
（3）挤出滤胶、出片：停放12小时后的混炼胶在开炼机打包翻炼3分钟，以6mm厚，15mm宽切条，切条的胶片通过输送带送入挤出机内挤出滤胶，挤成胶胚，挤出机的出口温度控制在85℃。 
（4）一段模内闭孔发泡材料：挤出的胶胚切断，称重，送到平板硫化机内进行一段模压闭孔发泡，硫化压力120MPa,硫化温度120℃，硫化时间30分钟，出模进行光面、修边处理。 
（5）二段自由发泡、冷却：将一段发泡体送入平板硫化机内进行二段自由发泡，硫化温度180℃，硫化时间25分钟，得到二段发泡体材料，冷却至室温。 
（6）削皮、破孔、烘烤、冷却、成品：将冷却后的二段发泡体削皮，经过破孔机破孔处理，在高温烘箱中以120℃烘烤90分钟，冷却至室温，得到阻燃慢回弹三元乙丙橡胶开孔发泡材料成品。 
实施例2和实施例3的制备方法与实施例1相同，唯一不同的是，各原料重量份配比不相同，实施例1-3的原料重量份配比如表1示： 
表1、实施例1-3的各原料重量份配比表
将按实施例1-3的制备方法分别制得的各阻燃慢回弹三元乙丙橡胶开孔发泡材料进行性能测试，测得的实施例1-3的各阻燃慢回弹三元乙丙橡胶开孔发泡材料的性能参数如表2示：
表1、实施例1-3的各阻燃慢回弹三元乙丙橡胶开孔发泡材料的性能参数表
综上所述，本发明的阻燃慢回弹三元乙丙橡胶开孔发泡材料，具有轻质、低烟阻燃、吸震强、压缩变形小、耐老化等特性。
以上所记载，仅为利用本创作技术内容的实施例，任何熟悉本项技艺者运用本创作所做的修饰、变化，皆属本创作主张的专利范围，而不限于实施例所揭示者。 

Claims (9)

1.一种阻燃慢回弹三元乙丙橡胶开孔发泡材料，其特征在于：由包括以下重量份配比的原料制得：
三元乙丙橡胶                     100PHR
丁基橡胶                       10-100PHR
石油树脂                          5-15 PHR
炭黑                                 5-30 PHR
阻燃剂                              5-20 PHR
抑烟剂                              5-20 PHR   
高岭土                            5-100 PHR
加工油                              5-60 PHR
促进剂                              2-10 PHR
发泡剂                              2-30 PHR
助发泡剂                           2-25 PHR
硫化剂                              1-10 PHR
分散剂                              1-10 PHR
流动剂                              1-10 PHR
防老剂                              1-10 PHR。
2.根据权利要求1所述的阻燃慢回弹三元乙丙橡胶开孔发泡材料， 其特征在于：由所述原料按以下重量份配比制得：
三元乙丙橡胶                    100PHR
丁基橡胶                            70PHR
石油树脂                            10PHR
炭黑                                  10PHR
阻燃剂                               10PHR
抑烟剂                               10PHR   
高岭土                               50PHR
加工油                               50PHR
促进剂                                5 PHR
发泡剂                               20PHR
发泡助剂                           15 PHR
硫化剂                               6 PHR
分散剂                               3 PHR
流动剂                               5 PHR
防老剂                               5 PHR。
3.一种制备权利要求1所述的阻燃慢回弹三元乙丙橡胶开孔发泡材料的制备方法，其特征在于：包括如下步骤：
步骤1：密炼；
步骤2：自动热炼、上挂、停放；
步骤3：挤出滤胶、出片；
步骤4：一段模内闭孔发泡材料;
步骤5：二段自由发泡、冷却；
步骤6：削皮、破孔、烘烤、冷却、成品。
4.根据权利要求3所述的阻燃慢回弹三元乙丙橡胶开孔发泡材料的制备方法，其特征在于：在步骤1中，是先将三元乙丙橡胶、丁基橡胶、炭黑、石油树脂投入密炼机加压捏炼5-7分钟，再将分散剂、流动剂、防老剂、阻燃剂、抑烟剂、高岭土、发泡助剂、发泡剂、加工油投入密炼机加压捏炼10-15分钟；最后将促进剂、硫化剂投入密炼机加压捏炼3-5分钟，排胶，混炼时密炼机内温度控制在120℃以下。
5.根据权利要求3所述的阻燃慢回弹三元乙丙橡胶开孔发泡材料的制备方法，其特征在于：在步骤2中，是将按步骤1密炼出的胶料投入开炼机上热炼，先以0.5-1mm厚度薄通2次，后以2-4mm厚度上挂3-5分钟，下胶停放12小时。
6.根据权利要求3所述的阻燃慢回弹三元乙丙橡胶开孔发泡材料的制备方法，其特征在于：在步骤3中，将经步骤2处理的混炼胶在开炼机打包翻炼3-5分钟，以为4-6mm厚，10-15mm宽切条，切条的胶片通过输送带送入挤出机内挤出滤胶，挤成胶胚，挤出机的出口温度控制在70-85℃。
7.根据权利要求3所述的阻燃慢回弹三元乙丙橡胶开孔发泡材料的制备方法，其特征在于：在步骤4中，将按步骤3挤出的胶胚切断、称重，送到平板硫化机内进行一段模压闭孔发泡，硫化压力120-160MPa,硫化温度100-160℃，硫化时间20-30分钟，出模进行光面、修边处理。
8.根据权利要求3所述的阻燃慢回弹三元乙丙橡胶开孔发泡材料的制备方法，其特征在于：在步骤5中，将经步骤4处理的一段发泡体送入平板硫化机内进行二段自由发泡，硫化温度120-190℃，硫化时间25-35分钟，得到二段发泡体材料，冷却至室温。
9.根据权利要求3所述的阻燃慢回弹三元乙丙橡胶开孔发泡材料的制备方法，其特征在于：在步骤6中，将经步骤5处理的二段发泡体削皮，经过破孔机破孔处理，在高温烘箱中以120-130℃烘烤90-120分钟，冷却至室温，得到阻燃慢回弹三元乙丙橡胶开孔发泡材料成品。
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