CN104156876A - Technical framework of ecological system supply service and value assessment - Google Patents
Technical framework of ecological system supply service and value assessment Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104156876A CN104156876A CN201410415582.XA CN201410415582A CN104156876A CN 104156876 A CN104156876 A CN 104156876A CN 201410415582 A CN201410415582 A CN 201410415582A CN 104156876 A CN104156876 A CN 104156876A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- product
- assessment
- grid
- ecosystem
- service
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Abstract
The invention discloses a technical framework of an ecological system supply service and a value assessment, and belongs to the field of application ecology. The technical framework comprises "supply" and "demand". The "supply" refers to a capability of an ecological system in a research area in producing a certain product and is composed of two assessment factors, i.e., product abundance and habitat quality; and the "demand" refers to availability of the product to human kind and is composed of three assessment factors, i.e., harvest pressure, a harvest product management condition and adjacent product abundance, then through combination with ArcGIS912, the research area can be identified, related data and graphs needed for assessing the product are collected, a space and attribute database is established, based on a space analysis tool of the ArcGIS912, a spatial distribution graph layer of the assessment factors is simulated, and then calculation is performed through a formula. The technical framework provided by the invention aims at providing support for area forestry planning and establishment of a correlation ecology compensation mechanism.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to application ecosphere, be specifically related to the technological frame of a kind of ecosystem supply service and value assessment thereof.
Background technology
Ecosystems services refers to the various benefits that the mankind obtain from the ecosystem, comprises supply service, adjusting service and the Cultural Services that mankind's tool is had a direct impact and maintain these serving necessary support service.These are served as human society has brought huge and indispensable happiness, are containing extremely abundant economic worth.On microscopic scale, ecosystems services and value thereof are assessed to the information that can provide about ecosystem structure and function, the information of ecosystem role aspect support mankind happiness is provided; On macroscopic scale, assessment contributes to formulate the index system of human welfare and sustainable development.Appraisal procedure and model to the different object ecosystems services of different scale and value thereof carried out a large amount of exploration and practices to lot of domestic and foreign scholar with organizational structure, to not finding so far a kind of applicable ecosystem to supply with the technological frame of service and value assessment thereof.
The ecosystem is supplied with service and is referred to the various products that the mankind obtain from the ecosystem, comprises food, fiber, fuel, genetic resources, biochemicals, natural drug, medical supplies, decoration resource and fresh water etc.The shortage meeting of these products produces direct or indirect adverse effect to mankind's happiness.The past period, the mankind obtain on the speed often maintaining higher than its sustainable production these products, conventionally cause product yield after rapid growth a period of time, finally to move towards collapse.At present, domestic the ecosystem supply with service and value assessment means on mainly utilize national economy statistics directly calculate and describe, because the precision of Chinese national economy statistics is up at county level, therefore the method is applied to macro-scale (whole nation, large watershed) assessment more, is difficult to embody its spatial variability in the assessment of County Scale.Although Chen Nengwang etc. have proposed the ecosystems services direct value assessment technology framework based on GIS and have applied, but it does not consider what kind of availability ecosystem product has for the mankind, therefore assessment result is the expression of ecosystem product output on spatial variability, assessment content also only belongs to ecosystem function category, not ecosystems services.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, the technology of the present invention framework has considered that ecosystem product " supplies, needs " two aspect factors comprehensively, and the spatial analysis tool set (Spatial Analyst Tools) based on ArcGIS 912 has been set up the ecosystem and supplied with space expression technical method and the assessment models of serving amount and the magnitude of value.
The technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
?a kind of ecosystem is supplied with the technological frame of service and value assessment thereof, comprise " confession " and " need ", it is characterized in that: described " confession " refers to the ability that the study area ecosystem turns out a produce, formed by rich choice of products degree and 2 evaluation factors of habitat quality; Described " need " refer to what kind of availability this kind of product has to the mankind, are made up of 3 evaluation factors of richness of results pressure, results management of product situation and contiguous product; Again by with ArcGIS 912 combinations, so that a large amount of processing of spatial data and the demonstration directly perceived of model result, using ArcGIS 912 as interface and control platform, Study of recognition region, collect for required related data and the map of assessment product, set up space and attribute database, the spatial analysis tool set based on ArcGIS 912 simulates the spatial distribution map layer of evaluation factor, then passes through formula:
PSi?=?S?tocki?×norm?(Q?ua?lityi?)?×norm?(HPi?)?×norm?(LAi?)?×norm?(NAi?)
In formula: PSi is the assessment Product supply volume of services (unita of grid i
-1).
S tocki is the year quantum of output (unita of grid i assessment product
-1).
Norm is normalization function, and the data Layer in bracket is carried out to standardization.
Qua lityi is that the habitat quality of grid i is adjusted coefficient.
HPi is the results pressure coefficient of grid i based on population and road.
LAi is the management severe situation coefficient of grid i for assessment product.
NAi is the contiguous rich choice of products degree coefficient of grid i.
Calculate the supply volume of services of each grid for assessment product by formula, obtain study area and supply with the spatial distribution map of service, then be multiplied by the unit price in assessment Product evaluation year, obtain study area assessment product year supplying with value of services and distribute.
" 1266 forest samples ground, the whole nation main forest types data " that the year quantum of output of described assessment product provides according to ASSOCIATE STATISTICS data and western part of China environment and ecology scientific data center, determine the year quantum of output (m of every kind of soil utilization/cover type Wood products
3hm
-2).
Described habitat quality is adjusted coefficient for ecosystem supplying products quantum of output is adjusted, and this coefficient determined by the quality condition of the ecosystem, and its formula is:
In formula: N PPmean and fmean are respectively the average of all kinds of ecosystem vegetation net primary productivities in survey region and the average of vegetation coverage; N PPi and fi are respectively net primary productivity and the vegetation coverage of grid i, and according to Gutman, research shows, region vegetation coverage and vegetation index exist following relation:
In formula: NDV Imax and NDV Imin are respectively the minimum and maximum value of vegetation whole growth season normalized differential vegetation index (NDV I).
Described results pressure coefficient adopts assessment product to simulate apart from the air line distance of population collection center and road, residential area to the different sizes of population and the road of different brackets are composed with corresponding weight, when simulation, set a maximum search radius (search radius) for assessment product, the only results pressure of the each grid of calculating in radius, results pressure assignment beyond radius is zero, the results pressure coefficient of grid is higher, show that the mankind more easily obtain this assessment product, the ecosystem also can provide more high-grade supply service, adopt the core density instrument (kernel density) of Arc2GIS 912 to simulate.
Described management condition coefficient is for further revising the ability of Product supply service.
The richness of described contiguous product adopts the neighborhood summing function (focalsum) in ArcGIS 912 map algebra instruments, using maximum search radius as analyzing neighborhood, each grid in assessment product year quantum of output figure layer is calculated to quantum of output sum successively in its neighborhood, in the time suing for peace, higher weight will be endowed with the grid of present analysis grid near distance, the figure layer that domain analysis is obtained carries out standardization, by 1 result that deducts standardization, obtain contiguous rich choice of products degree and adjust coefficient figure layer again.
Described evaluation factor adopts the grid counter (raster calculator) of ArcGIS 912 softwares to calculate.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the technology of the present invention framework schematic diagram.
Embodiment
For ease of understanding the present invention, it is as follows that the present invention enumerates embodiment.Those skilled in the art should understand, described embodiment only, for helping to understand the present invention, should not be considered as concrete restriction of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Supply volume of services and the value thereof of timber forest product: 2000, old Jun Mountain area area of woods total amount was 1528181km
2, wherein coniferous forest area is occupied an leading position (77147%), is secondly shrubbery and broad-leaf forest, and theropencedrymion area is minimum.Can be used as timber forest product year quantum of output according to the per unit growing stock amount of various Forest Types and year clean determined growing stock annual increment of rate of growth.The per unit forestry products year quantum of output of study area coniferous forest is the highest, is 27141 m
3hm
-2a
-1, be secondly theropencedrymion (20121 m
3hm
-2a
-1) and broad-leaf forest (13101 m
3hm
-2a
-1), shrubbery is minimum, is 5147 m
3hm
-2a
-1, obtaining old Jun Mountain area in conjunction with the area of every kind of Forest Types, within 2000, always to accumulate recruitment be 351127 × 104 m
3.
As can be seen from Table 1, consider habitat quality and the human wants factor of study area, the obtainable ecosystem timber supply of the 2000 actual mankind in Nian Gai district volume of services is much smaller than quantum of output.Because study area coniferous forest is distributed in protected location and apart from road and population collection point region far away more, and it is more concentrated to distribute, and therefore coniferous forest per unit timber quantum of output is compared with effective supply volume of services (0185 m
3hm
-2a
-1) high approximately 3211 times; Er Gai district theropencedrymion area is less, and it is scattered to distribute, and its per unit timber quantum of output is supplied with the raising amount minimum of volume of services, has only improved 16195 times, makes its per unit timber supply volume of services maximum, reaches 1119 m
3hm
-2a
-1.Obtaining 2000 old Jun Mountain area actual Wood products years supplying with service total amount according to the area of Different Forest Types is 11112 × 104 m
3a
-1, for year is always accumulated 312% of recruitment.According to unit standing tree product price computing method in the forestry gross output value numerical procedure of Ministry of Forestry in 1997 and State Statistics Bureau's establishment, getting old Jun Mountain area standing tree product price in 2000 is 60 yuan of m
-3.Calculate the actual timber supply service year total value in old Jun Mountain area as 66,691,270,000 yuan taking this, wherein, coniferous forest is due to distribution area maximum, and per unit timber supply volume of services is higher, makes its shared value ratio maximum (90141%).Study area year timber is accumulated the coniferous forest that recruitment is larger and mostly is local advantage rare tree species, concentrates and is distributed in old Jun Mountain protected location, and broad-leaf forest and shrubbery major part are distributed in drum-shaped stone blocks township and Renhe township is domestic, all the other scattered distributions.Jiu He township, east, study area, too Anxiang He Lashi township height above sea level is relatively low, superior natural conditions, cultural vegetation area is higher, thus this district NPP and vegetation coverage higher, make its habitat quality coefficient higher.Therefore, the area timber annual production of old Jun Mountain is the spatial framework of " Xi Gaodong is low ", and the distribution of overall habitat quality coefficient in contrast.In study area Highway Main to comprise beautiful (river) 2 dimension (west) sand-gravel surface substandard highways of laying along Valley of Jinsha River, cross Jiu He township, too Anxiang He Lashi township beautiful (river) 2 dimension (west) bituminous pavement Class IV highwaies and from south to north through west (rather) 2 scapes (flood) the bituminous pavement Class III highway in Jiu He township, resident's population is except minority is distributed in drum-shaped stone blocks township, all the other major parts are distributed in east, study area, therefore the high value of results pressure coefficient simulating converges at road two and takes up population collection point in 8 km search radius, old Jun Mountain protected location has occupied most of area of study area, be limited to the property obtained of data, test site is not carried out to according to management intensity in inside, protected location, the division of buffer zone and core space scope, only protected location internal unity being composed to management condition coefficient is 018, grid outside protected location composes 1, because distributing, coniferous forest relatively concentrates on innerland, protected location, and the forest cover of protected location periphery and east, study area is in a discrete distribution more, cause the high value of results pressure coefficient based on contiguous rich choice of products degree to be distributed in study area periphery and eastern region.
5 factors of comprehensive above data institute established model obtain the actual Wood products supply of the ecosystem of old Jun Mountain area serves the distribution of amount, and result shows, its spatial diversity is more obvious.Because the population distribution of innerland, protected location is few, substantially lay without highway, and the concentrated distribution in flakes of coniferous forest, make its effective supply volume of services lower.Although eastern region Wood products quantum of output is not high; but it is densely populated, there are two higher level roads to pass, subregion is outside protected location in addition; and forest cover distributes scattered, make the actual Wood products in old Jun Mountain area supply with the concentrated east that is distributed in of the high value of volume of services.Therefore,, old Jun Mountain eastern region planning some plantations of plantation and fast-growing, high-yield woods, can meet the demand of most of local resident for Wood products faster and betterly; And answer the natural coniferous forest resource of child care this locality on innerland, protected location, and reduce its low value output as forest product, thereby weakening it supplies with service, give full play to the adjusting service of its ecosystem and support service.
Claims (7)
1. the ecosystem is supplied with the technological frame of service and value assessment thereof, comprise " confession " and " need ", it is characterized in that: described " confession " refers to the ability that the study area ecosystem turns out a produce, formed by rich choice of products degree and 2 evaluation factors of habitat quality; Described " need " refer to what kind of availability this kind of product has to the mankind, are made up of 3 evaluation factors of richness of results pressure, results management of product situation and contiguous product; Again by with ArcGIS 912 combinations, so that a large amount of processing of spatial data and the demonstration directly perceived of model result, using ArcGIS 912 as interface and control platform, Study of recognition region, collect for required related data and the map of assessment product, set up space and attribute database, the spatial analysis tool set based on ArcGIS 912 simulates the spatial distribution map layer of evaluation factor, then passes through formula:
PSi?=?S?tocki?×norm?(Q?ua?lityi?)?×norm?(HPi?)?×norm?(LAi?)?×norm?(NAi?)
In formula: PSi is the assessment Product supply volume of services (unita of grid i
-1);
S tocki is the year quantum of output (unita of grid i assessment product
-1);
Norm is normalization function, and the data Layer in bracket is carried out to standardization;
Qua lityi is that the habitat quality of grid i is adjusted coefficient;
HPi is the results pressure coefficient of grid i based on population and road;
LAi is the management severe situation coefficient of grid i for assessment product;
NAi is the contiguous rich choice of products degree coefficient of grid i;
Calculate the supply volume of services of each grid for assessment product by formula, obtain study area and supply with the spatial distribution map of service, then be multiplied by the unit price in assessment Product evaluation year, obtain study area assessment product year supplying with value of services and distribute.
2. a kind of ecosystem according to claim 1 is supplied with the technological frame of service and value assessment thereof, it is characterized in that: " 1266 forest samples ground, the whole nation main forest types data " that the year quantum of output of described assessment product provides according to ASSOCIATE STATISTICS data and western part of China environment and ecology scientific data center, determine the year quantum of output (m of every kind of soil utilization/cover type Wood products
3hm
-2).
3. a kind of ecosystem according to claim 1 is supplied with the technological frame of service and value assessment thereof, it is characterized in that: described habitat quality is adjusted coefficient for ecosystem supplying products quantum of output is adjusted, this coefficient determined by the quality condition of the ecosystem, and its formula is:
In formula: N PPmean and fmean are respectively the average of all kinds of ecosystem vegetation net primary productivities in survey region and the average of vegetation coverage; N PPi and fi are respectively net primary productivity and the vegetation coverage of grid i, and according to Gutman, research shows, region vegetation coverage and vegetation index exist following relation:
In formula: NDV Imax and NDV Imin are respectively the minimum and maximum value of vegetation whole growth season normalized differential vegetation index (NDV I).
4. a kind of ecosystem according to claim 1 is supplied with the technological frame of service and value assessment thereof, it is characterized in that: described results pressure coefficient adopts assessment product to simulate apart from the air line distance of population collection center and road, residential area to the different sizes of population and the road of different brackets are composed with corresponding weight, when simulation, set a maximum search radius (search radius) for assessment product, the only results pressure of the each grid of calculating in radius, results pressure assignment beyond radius is zero, the results pressure coefficient of grid is higher, show that the mankind more easily obtain this assessment product, the ecosystem also can provide more high-grade supply service, adopt the core density instrument (kernel density) of Arc2GIS 912 to simulate.
5. a kind of ecosystem according to claim 1 is supplied with the technological frame of service and value assessment thereof, it is characterized in that: described management condition coefficient is for further revising the ability of Product supply service.
6. a kind of ecosystem according to claim 1 is supplied with the technological frame of service and value assessment thereof, it is characterized in that: the richness of described contiguous product adopts the neighborhood summing function (focalsum) in ArcGIS 912 map algebra instruments, using maximum search radius as analyzing neighborhood, each grid in assessment product year quantum of output figure layer is calculated to quantum of output sum successively in its neighborhood, in the time suing for peace, higher weight will be endowed with the grid of present analysis grid near distance, the figure layer that domain analysis is obtained carries out standardization, again by 1 result that deducts standardization, obtain contiguous rich choice of products degree and adjust coefficient figure layer.
7. a kind of ecosystem according to claim 1 is supplied with the technological frame of service and value assessment thereof, it is characterized in that: described evaluation factor adopts the grid counter (raster calculator) of ArcGIS 912 softwares to calculate.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410415582.XA CN104156876A (en) | 2014-08-21 | 2014-08-21 | Technical framework of ecological system supply service and value assessment |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410415582.XA CN104156876A (en) | 2014-08-21 | 2014-08-21 | Technical framework of ecological system supply service and value assessment |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN104156876A true CN104156876A (en) | 2014-11-19 |
Family
ID=51882367
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410415582.XA Pending CN104156876A (en) | 2014-08-21 | 2014-08-21 | Technical framework of ecological system supply service and value assessment |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN104156876A (en) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109214126A (en) * | 2018-10-22 | 2019-01-15 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of ecosystems services model based on TEEB and remote couplings frame |
| CN110135767A (en) * | 2019-06-14 | 2019-08-16 | 国家气象中心 | Vegetation ecological performance figure construction method based on vegetation NPP and coverage |
| CN111210151A (en) * | 2020-01-06 | 2020-05-29 | 北京大学 | Ecological system social culture service evaluation method based on supply and demand matching |
| CN112508758A (en) * | 2020-12-02 | 2021-03-16 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Ecological system internal type component and attribute component composition structure cooperative description method |
| CN112527867A (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2021-03-19 | 重庆师范大学 | Non-agricultural employment post supply capacity identification method, storage device and server |
| CN113077153A (en) * | 2021-04-02 | 2021-07-06 | 华南理工大学 | Ecological space control partition method based on ecological system service supply and demand relationship |
| CN114037351A (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2022-02-11 | 西华大学 | Ecosystem service value evaluation model, establishing method and application |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20090276262A1 (en) * | 2006-06-28 | 2009-11-05 | Mikio Yotsukura | Production management system, production management method, and storage medium containing production management program for executing the production management method |
| CN102496067A (en) * | 2011-12-05 | 2012-06-13 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | Lake nutrient partition control technique |
| CN103294923A (en) * | 2013-06-09 | 2013-09-11 | 北京师范大学 | Method and system for observing non-point source pollution outflowing load of paddy field |
-
2014
- 2014-08-21 CN CN201410415582.XA patent/CN104156876A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20090276262A1 (en) * | 2006-06-28 | 2009-11-05 | Mikio Yotsukura | Production management system, production management method, and storage medium containing production management program for executing the production management method |
| CN102496067A (en) * | 2011-12-05 | 2012-06-13 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | Lake nutrient partition control technique |
| CN103294923A (en) * | 2013-06-09 | 2013-09-11 | 北京师范大学 | Method and system for observing non-point source pollution outflowing load of paddy field |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 吴楠等: "生态系统供给服务评估及经济价值测算", 《应用生态学报》 * |
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109214126A (en) * | 2018-10-22 | 2019-01-15 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of ecosystems services model based on TEEB and remote couplings frame |
| CN110135767A (en) * | 2019-06-14 | 2019-08-16 | 国家气象中心 | Vegetation ecological performance figure construction method based on vegetation NPP and coverage |
| CN111210151A (en) * | 2020-01-06 | 2020-05-29 | 北京大学 | Ecological system social culture service evaluation method based on supply and demand matching |
| CN112508758A (en) * | 2020-12-02 | 2021-03-16 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Ecological system internal type component and attribute component composition structure cooperative description method |
| CN112527867A (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2021-03-19 | 重庆师范大学 | Non-agricultural employment post supply capacity identification method, storage device and server |
| CN112527867B (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2023-10-13 | 重庆师范大学 | Non-agriculture employment post supply capability identification method, storage device and server |
| CN113077153A (en) * | 2021-04-02 | 2021-07-06 | 华南理工大学 | Ecological space control partition method based on ecological system service supply and demand relationship |
| CN113077153B (en) * | 2021-04-02 | 2022-10-25 | 华南理工大学 | Ecological space control partition method based on ecological system service supply and demand relationship |
| CN114037351A (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2022-02-11 | 西华大学 | Ecosystem service value evaluation model, establishing method and application |
| CN114037351B (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2022-12-27 | 西南交通大学 | Ecosystem service value evaluation model, establishing method and application |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN104156876A (en) | Technical framework of ecological system supply service and value assessment | |
| Martin et al. | Watershed impacts of climate and land use changes depend on magnitude and land use context | |
| Yin et al. | The sustainable arable land use pattern under the tradeoff of agricultural production, economic development, and ecological protection—an analysis of Dongting Lake basin, China | |
| CN101916337B (en) | Method for dynamically predicting potential productivity of paddy rice based on geographical information system | |
| CN109002621B (en) | Forest stand average height and breast diameter calculation method considering neighborhood and geographic difference | |
| Fatichi et al. | Ecohydrological effects of management on subalpine grasslands: From local to catchment scale | |
| Ning et al. | A review of fully coupled atmosphere-hydrology simulations | |
| Rao et al. | Groundwater impacts due to conservation reserve program in Texas County, Oklahoma | |
| Wang et al. | Temporal-spatial variation analysis of agricultural biomass and its policy implication as an alternative energy in northeastern China | |
| CN110245882A (en) | A kind of Phoebe bournei Natural Secondary Forests health assessment model and health assessment method | |
| CN102567648A (en) | Granularity adaptive grid sampling method for green land ecological evaluation unit | |
| Chanhda et al. | GIS based land suitability assessment along Laos-China border | |
| CN103927686A (en) | Intelligent fertilization system for pine trees | |
| CN103927687A (en) | Intelligent fertilization system for China firs | |
| López-Sánchez et al. | A density management diagram including stand stability and crown fire risk for Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco in Spain | |
| Shi et al. | A method for spatial heterogeneity evaluation on landscape pattern of farmland shelterbelt networks: A case study in midwest of Jilin Province, China | |
| Ran et al. | Application of GIS in rural planning | |
| Parisse et al. | MADIA-Meteorological variables for agriculture: A dataset for the Italian area | |
| Sang et al. | Development of soil and water assessment tool model on human water use and application in the area of high human activities, Tianjin, China | |
| Yang et al. | Dynamic analyzing in Karst rocky desertification based on the landscape model spatial pattern | |
| Geng | Rational Planning and Design of Rural Road Ecological Landscape from Low Carbon Perspective. | |
| Gilbertson-Day et al. | USFS Region 4 Wildfire Hazard Report: Methods and Results | |
| Ke et al. | Scenario simulation of the influence of land use change on the regional temperature in a rapidly urbanizing region: a case study in southern-Jiangsu, China | |
| Cao et al. | Study on Farmland Demarcation Based on County Land Management Quality Zoning A Case Study on Cha County | |
| Yang et al. | Reconstruction of Cropland Spatial Pattern in Karst Area During Jiaqing Period of Qing Dynasty: A Case Study of Guizhou, Southwest China |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |
Application publication date: 20141119 |
|
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |