CN104156005A - Solar light chasing device - Google Patents
Solar light chasing device Download PDFInfo
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- CN104156005A CN104156005A CN201410385675.2A CN201410385675A CN104156005A CN 104156005 A CN104156005 A CN 104156005A CN 201410385675 A CN201410385675 A CN 201410385675A CN 104156005 A CN104156005 A CN 104156005A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a solar light chasing device. The solar light chasing device comprises a supporting base and a solar panel fixing frame, wherein the solar light chasing device also comprises an azimuth adjustment device and an elevation angle adjustment device; the azimuth adjustment device is supported on the supporting base; the elevation angle adjustment device is supported on an output shaft of the azimuth adjustment device through a bracket; an output end of the elevation angle adjustment device is hinged to the solar panel fixing frame to drive a solar panel to realize elevation angle swinging; an encoder used for detecting angle change is arranged on an output shaft of the azimuth adjustment device; an encoder for detecting the angle change is arranged on a rotating shaft of the solar panel fixing frame or a hinge shaft which is hinged to the azimuth adjustment device. According to the solar light chasing device, an elevation angle drive device and an azimuth drive device are arranged, so that the position of the solar panel can be adjusted according to an incidence angle of solar rays; therefore, solar energy can be fully absorbed, the absorption rate is improved, and the application of solar heat is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of solar energy equipment, particularly a kind of solar light tracking device.
Background technology
Along with the development in epoch, science and technology is advanced by leaps and bounds, but the meanwhile mankind's burden on society and also increase thereupon of responsibility.The energy is the basis of national economy and social development, and socio-economic development must be faster, and the mankind are also just larger to the demand of the energy.Nowadays, a large amount of uses of coal, oil, rock gas equal energy source cause severe environmental pollution and destruction.This also make environmental problem and energy problem increasingly serious, the sun is an energy body beyond imagination.The energy overwhelming majority stored on the earth gives the credit to the good fortune of the sun.Nowadays, the coal that the mankind use, oil are all to derive to be imbedded in animal or plant under soil layer ancient times, are exactly to be collected the sun power burying in underground after all.The sun is in the mode of radiation, to surrounding, to propagate its energy, and the sun is radiated tellurian energy equivalence every year in 1,813 hundred million tons of standard coal equivalents, is whole world year 5000 times of energy requirement summation, is the energy maximum on the earth.1 year various energy sum used of global human also only have arrive earth surface sun power tens thousand of/mono-, sun power is compared with other energy (as coal, oil, nuclear energy), has the following advantages:
1. ubiquity.All there is the situation of energy supply deficiency in most countries in the world, in nearly 10 years, fossil fuel (coal, oil and gas etc.) energy consumption has increased nearly 20 times according to statistics, estimate that the consumption of 10 years fossil fuels will double from now on, but the global petroleum reserves that oneself verifies can only be used the year two thousand fifty, rock gas also can only be extended to about the year two thousand forty, even if the abundant coal resources of reserves also can only maintain 200 or three hundred years.And for sun power, on the earth, every nook and cranny all exists, need to be transported to all over the world by the specific place of production, in the time of convenient conveying, also save many processing costs, improved economic benefit.
2. the feature of environmental protection.Due to fossil fuels such as coal combustion, oil, there are every year the objectionable impuritiess such as few hundred thousand tonnes of sulphur to transfer in atmosphere from soil layer, meanwhile, produce a large amount of greenhouse gases and also cause greenhouse effect, cause Global climate change, sea level rise, and environment suffers severe contamination and destruction, directly affects resident's healthy and quality of life.In some areas, form acid rain, severe contamination water and soil.Utilize sun power as the energy, there is no waste residue, waste material, waste gas, the discharge of waste water, does not have noise, does not pollute the environment.
3. permanence.According to astronomical science man's reckoning, the sun has existed and has been about 4,600,000,000 years in the Galactic System, and it can also burn away approximately 5,000,000,000 years.So as long as at the sure sun of seeing in visible future of the mankind, also just do not suspect the existence of sun power, so sun power can be described as the inexhaustible energy.
4. economy.The solar radiant energy total amount that arrives ground in 1 year is several ten thousand times of the existing various energy summations that consume on earth, and receives sun power and do not receive any alternative energy usage charges, can take everywhere; Moreover under current state-of-art, some sun power utilizes own tool economy, along with scientific and technological development and human development utilize the technological breakthrough of sun power, the economy that sun power utilizes will be more obvious.
As can be seen here, sun power has huge application potential and the market space, and the clear energy sources such as large-scale popularization sun power for this reason, by the developing direction that is the human future energy, is also a great project of benefiting for descendants.
Current Application of Solar Energy technology ubiquity utilization factor is low, the shortcoming of low conversion rate, and the solar panel of many occasions (collecting plate) is installed fixing, what have can only be according to fixing direction deflection, cannot make lighting surface all the time facing to the direction of solar light irradiation, reduce the utilization factor of sun power.In order to utilize fully solar energy source, improve the efficiency of apparatus for utilization of solar energy with solar, we have designed device that can real-time tracing position of sun.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art part, and a kind of solar light tracking device that can automatically regulate according to the irradiation of sunshine is provided.
A kind of solar light tracking device, include base for supporting, and for the solar panels fixed mount of fixed solar plate, its structural feature is: described solar light tracking device also includes azimuth adjustment device and elevation angle regulating device, described azimuth adjustment device is supported on base for supporting, elevation angle regulating device by stent support on the output shaft of azimuth adjustment device, the output terminal of elevation angle regulating device and solar panels fixed mount are hinged and drive solar panels to realize elevation angle swing, on the output shaft of azimuth adjustment device, be provided with the scrambler changing for detection of angle, on the jointed shaft being hinged, be provided with the scrambler that detection angles changes on the rotation axis of solar panels fixed mount or with azimuth adjustment device, described solar light tracking device also includes the control circuit of controlling party parallactic angle regulating device and the motion of elevation angle regulating device, position of sun is described at elevation angle and position angle that described control circuit is fastened with horizontal coordinate, in conjunction with current temporal information, determine current position of sun, thereby drive elevation angle regulating device and azimuth adjustment device to realize the position that regulates solar panels fixed mount according to position of sun.
Solar light tracking device of the present invention, by setting party's parallactic angle regulating device and elevation angle regulating device between base for supporting and solar panels fixed mount, by the scrambler arranging, determine the current location of azimuth adjustment device and elevation angle regulating device, utilize control circuit to determine current position of sun according to current temporal information, thereby according to current position of sun, drive the motion of elevation angle regulating device and azimuth adjustment device, to realize the adjusting of solar panels fixed mount position, thereby play the effect that regulates solar panels.When needs regulate position angle, by azimuth apparatus, drive coupled support and elevation angle regulating device to rotate, thereby drive solar panels fixed mount to do the rotation of horizontal direction, when needs regulate elevation angle, directly by elevation angle regulating device, drive solar panels fixed mount to do the angular turn of facade, realize solar panels in the variation of elevation angle direction.Thereby so driving to regulate solar panels fixed mount to play the effect that regulates solar panels position according to the variation of solar incident angle, thereby can make the solar panels can be according to the position of the comprehensive adjusting of the incident angle of the sun oneself, thereby play to absorb to the limit sun power.
Described azimuth adjustment device includes worm type of reduction gearing, and the worm screw of described worm type of reduction gearing is connected with power source, and the worm-gear output shaft of described worm type of reduction gearing is connected with a support.
The azimuth adjustment device of this structure drives worm movement by power source, then drives coupled worm gear to rotate by worm screw, thereby drives the support motion being connected with worm gear.
Described azimuth adjustment device can also be to include stepper motor driver, stepper motor, gear reducer.Stepper motor driver can be angular displacement by electroporation, when stepper motor driver is received the pulse signal of single-chip microcomputer, Driving Stepping Motor rotates certain angle, stepper motor output terminal is connected with gear reducer, thereby drive speed reduction unit to rotate, speed reduction unit output terminal is connected with overarm brace, drives overarm brace to do and is parallel to rotatablely moving of surface level, thereby reach, changes azimuthal object.
Described elevation angle regulating device includes worm type of reduction gearing, worm type of reduction gearing is installed on support, the worm screw of described worm type of reduction gearing is connected with power source, the output terminal of described worm type of reduction gearing connects a crank and rocker mechanism, crank in crank and rocker mechanism is connected with the worm-wheel shaft of worm type of reduction gearing, connecting rod one end and crank in crank and rocker mechanism are hinged, the other end of connecting rod is articulated with on solar panels fixed mount, described solar panels are rotating to be supported on support, and described crank rocker machine is vertical.
Elevation angle regulating device of the present invention, drives crank rocker to move by worm type of reduction gearing, thereby drive solar panels fixed mount to drive, along short transverse, swings.
Described elevation angle regulating device adopts electric pushrod (screw rod transmission), and electric pushrod is comprised of motor, speed reduction unit, screw mandrel, distance rod etc.Motor output end is connected with speed reduction unit, by electric machine rotation, drives speed reduction unit to rotate, and speed reduction unit output terminal is connected with screw mandrel, thereby screw mandrel rotates drive, distance rod is done stretching motion.Distance rod end and sun power grillage are connected through the hinge, and drive sun power grillage to face upward the motion of bowing, and reach the object that changes elevation angle.
In elevation angle, be that 0 ° and position angle are that the position of 0 ° arranges one for detection of the approach switch in elevation angle regulating device and azimuth adjustment device original position, the position that is 0 ° and 90 ° in elevation angle is installed two travel switches and is used for controlling pitch angle, and a travel switch is installed in azimuth axis rotation direction.
In whole solar light tracking device, approach switch and travel switch are set, can realize and control the angle of pitch and angle of rotation, thereby avoid because rotating the excessive phenomenons such as kinking, damage of components that cause.
Described solar light tracking device also comprises typhoon protection protective device, and described typhoon protection protective device includes an air velocity transducer, and described air velocity transducer is connected with control circuit.
Can be at control box (being fixed on column) upper or other air velocity transducer be installed be Anywhere used for perception wind speed size, system is in operational process, when wind speed reaches preset value (seeing below literary composition) and keeps more than 1 minute, air velocity transducer sends signal to control circuit, control circuit controlling party parallactic angle regulating device and the motion of elevation angle regulating device, make sun power fixing frame plate in horizontality, stop following spot, so just can significantly reduce the lifting surface area of system, and then reduce the stressed size of whole system, when wind speed decreased following and keep more than 15 minutes to preset value, system starts the function of following spot again.The problems such as the fluctuation of service that the system of can avoiding typhoon protection protective device causes because of high wind weather such as typhoon, hurricanes, damage of components, increase substantially the stability of system operation and the life-span of system.
Described solar light tracking device also includes the cleaning device that sweeps away snow, and the described cleaning device that sweeps away snow is provided with a voltage dependent resistor (VDR) for the shady face at solar panels, and installs snow flanger at solar panels, and voltage dependent resistor (VDR) is connected with control circuit.
Shady face at solar panels is installed a voltage dependent resistor (VDR), and two snow flangers are respectively installed on solar panels.Through checking in, every square metre of upper thick accumulated snow weight of 1cm is approximately 1 kilogram.We are adjusted to voltage dependent resistor (VDR) module when accumulated snow reaches 1cm thickness and move, send signal to single-chip microcomputer, when this signal stabilization keeps more than 10 minutes, and air velocity transducer does not send typhoon signal during this period, (be to get rid of strong wind to make solar panels pressurized here, cause the action of by mistake sweeping away snow.) snow flanger controlled on solar panels of control circuit starts working, and removes the accumulated snow on solar panels.After 1 minute, snow flanger quits work, and gets back to original position.System is recovered virgin state, and when accumulated snow reaches setting threshold values again, system enters the state of sweeping away snow again.The cleaning apparatus for self that sweeps away snow can effectively be removed accumulated snow and other foreign material on solar panels, guarantees system high efficiency work, also can avoid because of the north for a long time, on a large scale, high-intensity heavy snow weather damages the conquassation of solar panels.
Described snow flanger is the bar that sweeps away snow of similar windscreen wiper.
The described bar that sweeps away snow is for arranging in pairs, itself or be relatively to arrange, or for intersecting row, in pairs or the bar that sweeps away snow of cross arrangement when moving, can cover whole solar panels.
Described solar light tracking device also includes overcast and rainy sleep devices, described overcast and rainy sleep devices also includes a photoresistance, described photoresistance is connected with control circuit, utilizes photoresistance to judge that weather condition controls the action of elevation angle regulating device or azimuth adjustment device thus.
On control box or the place of other visible ray a photoresistance is installed, system is in operational process, when luminosity drops to below preset value, photoresistance module is sent signal to single-chip microcomputer, single-chip microcomputer judgement is when this signal maintenance is more than 15 minutes, control system stops following spot, and keeps current location, enters park mode.More than luminosity goes back up to preset value, photoresistance module sends a signal to single-chip microcomputer again, if this signal keeps more than 15 minutes, system starts the function of following spot again.Sleep devices can effectively reduce the inefficiency working time of system, reduces energy consumption, particularly the long-time rainy weather (as the plum rains time) in south.
Described control circuit includes single-chip microcomputer, input media, display screen, scrambler, clock module, elevation angle motor-drive circuit, azimuth motor driving circuit, air velocity transducer module, voltage dependent resistor (VDR) module and photoresistance module, and input media wherein, display screen, scrambler, clock module, elevation angle motor-drive circuit, azimuth motor driving circuit, air velocity transducer module, voltage dependent resistor (VDR) module and photoresistance module are connected with single-chip microcomputer respectively.
Described scrambler is absolute value angular encoder.
The principle of work of described control circuit is: during whole device work, by control circuit, every a few minutes, calculated the positional information of a sun, two rotary encoders on altitude axis and azimuth axis detect alliance information, be transmitted back to control chip, control chip output control signal, control altitude axis and azimuth axis motor positive and inverse, arrive tram, make solar panels over against the sun.
Control circuit workflow is: after powering on, whether detection time is between 6 o'clock to 18 o'clock, if, program starts to calculate now declination angle, solar hour angle value, and then elevation angle and azimuthal value of the calculating sun, the positional information of etching system is made comparisons therewith time again, controls altitude axis and azimuth axis electric machine rotation, arrives position of sun this moment.
In sum, the present invention's following advantage compared to existing technology:
Solar light tracking device of the present invention, owing to being provided with elevation angle drive unit and position angle drive unit, thereby can adjust solar panels position according to the line angle that enters of sunray, thereby can absorb fully sun power, improve absorptivity, thereby improve the application of solar heat.The present invention has also set up overcast and rainy sleep devices, in conjunction with photoresistance, utilize algorithm routine to solve the problem that normal optical electric tracing cannot normally be worked in rainy weather and complicated rugged surroundings, really realized the round-the-clock real-time follow-up to the sun, and effectively reduce inefficiency working time of system, reduce energy consumption, particularly the long-time rainy weather (as the plum rains time) in south.The present invention has also set up typhoon protection protective device, the cleaning apparatus for self that sweeps away snow, and realizes to the comprehensive multiple protective of light tracing system stability and the life-span of the operation of significantly raising system.Utilize the change in location of absolute value angular encoder Real-time Feedback solar panels, can realize more accurately the control to sun power grillage rotational angle, improve the precision of following spot, increase optical energy utilization efficiency.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the one-piece construction schematic diagram of solar light tracking device of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the azimuth adjustment device of solar light tracking device and the schematic diagram of elevation angle regulating device.
Fig. 3 is the azimuth adjustment device of another angle and the schematic diagram of elevation angle regulating device.
Fig. 4 is azimuth adjustment process flow diagram.
Fig. 5 is that elevation angle regulates process flow diagram.
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of the snow removal equipment on solar panels.
Fig. 7 is a day spherical model.
Fig. 8 is horizontal system of coordinates schematic diagram.
Fig. 9 is control circuit schematic diagram.
Figure 10 is the control flow schematic diagram of control circuit.
Figure 11 is control circuit circuit diagram.
Figure 12 is typhoon protection device circuit figure.
Figure 13 is the cleaning device circuit diagram that sweeps away snow.
Figure 14 is overcast and rainy sleep devices circuit diagram.
The label declaration 1 base for supporting 2 solar panels fixed mount 3 azimuth adjustment device 4 elevation angle regulating device 6 support 7 scrambler 8 worm type of reduction gearing 9 crank and rocker mechanism 91 connecting rod 92 crank 10 approach switch 11 travel switch 12 typhoon protection device 121 air velocity transducers 13 overcast and rainy sleep devices of cleaning device 131 snow flanger 14 of sweeping away snow.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in more detail.
Embodiment 1
A kind of solar light tracking device, include base for supporting 1, and for the solar panels fixed mount 2 of fixed solar plate, described solar light tracking device also includes azimuth adjustment device 3 and elevation angle regulating device 4, described azimuth adjustment device is supported on base for supporting, elevation angle regulating device is supported on the output shaft of azimuth adjustment device by support 6, the output terminal of elevation angle regulating device and solar panels fixed mount are hinged and drive solar panels to realize elevation angle swing, on the output shaft of azimuth adjustment device, be provided with the scrambler 7 changing for detection of angle, on the jointed shaft being hinged, be provided with the scrambler that detection angles changes on the rotation axis of solar panels fixed mount or with azimuth adjustment device, described solar light tracking device also includes the control circuit of controlling party parallactic angle regulating device and the motion of elevation angle regulating device, position of sun is described at elevation angle and position angle that described control circuit is fastened with horizontal coordinate, in conjunction with current temporal information, determine current position of sun, thereby drive elevation angle regulating device and azimuth adjustment device to realize the position that regulates solar panels fixed mount according to position of sun.The one-piece construction schematic diagram of solar light tracking device is as Fig. 1.
Described azimuth adjustment device includes worm type of reduction gearing 8, and the worm screw of described worm type of reduction gearing is connected with power source, and the worm-gear output shaft of described worm type of reduction gearing is connected with a support.
Described elevation angle regulating device includes worm type of reduction gearing, worm type of reduction gearing is installed on support, the worm screw of described worm type of reduction gearing is connected with power source, the output terminal of described worm type of reduction gearing connects a crank and rocker mechanism 9, crank 92 in crank and rocker mechanism is connected with the worm-wheel shaft of worm type of reduction gearing, connecting rod 91 one end and crank in crank and rocker mechanism are hinged, the other end of connecting rod is articulated with on solar panels fixed mount, described solar panels are rotating to be supported on support, described crank rocker machine is vertical.
In elevation angle, be that 0 ° and position angle are that the position of 0 ° arranges one for detection of the approach switch 10 in elevation angle regulating device and azimuth adjustment device original position, the position that is 0 ° and 90 ° in elevation angle is installed two travel switches and is used for controlling pitch angle, and a travel switch 11 is installed in azimuth axis rotation direction.
Two scramblers are set on altitude axis and azimuth axis for detection of angle variation and by data back single-chip microcomputer.As shown in Figure 2, elevation angle scrambler is fixed on the rotation centerline of crossbeam by elevation angle scrambler support, on the center line of crossbeam, fix a pin, scrambler input end connects with pin by spring coupling, when system control panel frame is faced upward when motion of bowing, scrambler and then rotates, and elevation angle change information is transmitted back to single-chip microcomputer.As shown in Figure 3, azimuth angular encoders is fixed on the steel plate being locked on column by azimuth angular encoders support (likeness in form " F " type), by band transmission, azimuthal variation communication is arrived to azimuth angular encoders.When system controlling party parallactic angle direct current generator rotates, belt wheel (initiatively) rotates, and band movable belt pulley (driven) rotates, thereby drives azimuth angular encoders to rotate, and azimuthal variation information is transmitted back to single-chip microcomputer.
In elevation angle, be that 0 ° and position angle are that the position of 0 ° arranges one (elevation angle is 0 ° for detection of elevation angle regulating device and azimuth adjustment device original position, position angle is 0 °, solar panels are towards due east direction) approach switch, the position that is 0 ° and 90 ° in elevation angle is installed two travel switches and is used for controlling pitch angle, and a travel switch is installed in azimuth axis rotation direction.A travel switch is installed in azimuth axis rotation direction and is prevented system because rotating the excessive phenomenons such as kinking, damage of components that cause.
The concrete installation site of 2 approach switchs and 3 travel switches is:
1. position angle is the approach switch of 0 °: as shown in Figure 3, on the support of azimuth angular encoders, draw the steel plate that length is 135mm, approach switch support be fixed on steel plate, after approach switch is fixed on approach switch support.Here the long 135mm of steel plate be according to system in the process of return to primitive age position, (due east direction) required length when overarm brace just triggers approach switch.
2. position angle travel switch: as shown in Figure 3, travel switch bracket is fixed on approach switch support, travel switch is fixed on travel switch bracket.The length of travel switch bracket is 150mm, and 150mm surpasses normal rotation angle during according to pivoted frame misoperation here, and don't the normal work of impact is determined.
3. elevation angle is the travel switch of 90 °: as shown in Figure 2, travel switch bracket (9) is fixed on crossbeam position (the front surface upper left corner) as shown in Figure 2, and travel switch is fixed on travel switch bracket (9).If system goes wrong, when grillage turns to elevation angle and surpasses the position of 90 °, the connection part branch triggering travel switch of grillage and crossbeam, cuts off the electricity supply.
4. elevation angle is the travel switch of 0 °: as shown in Figure 2, travel switch bracket (5) is fixed on crossbeam position (the lower surface upper left corner) as shown in Figure 2, and travel switch is fixed on travel switch bracket (5).When system goes wrong, when grillage turns to elevation angle lower than 0 °, grillage and crossbeam coupling part will trigger travel switch, cut off the electricity supply.
5. elevation angle approach switch: as shown in Figure 2, it is upper that approach switch support is fixed on travel switch bracket (5), then approach switch is fixed on approach switch support.Adjust its position, when grillage turns to elevation angle and is 0 °, just trigger approach switch.
The process flow diagram of azimuth adjustment process is Fig. 4.
The process flow diagram of elevation angle adjustment process is Fig. 5.
Described solar light tracking device also comprises typhoon protection protective device 12, and described typhoon protection protective device includes an air velocity transducer 121, and described air velocity transducer is connected with control circuit.
Can be at control box (being fixed on column) upper or other air velocity transducer be installed be Anywhere used for perception wind speed size, system is in operational process, when wind speed reaches preset value (seeing below literary composition) and keeps more than 1 minute, air velocity transducer sends signal to control circuit, control circuit controlling party parallactic angle regulating device and the motion of elevation angle regulating device, make sun power fixing frame plate in horizontality, stop following spot, so just can significantly reduce the lifting surface area of system, and then reduce the stressed size of whole system, when wind speed decreased following and keep more than 15 minutes to preset value, system starts the function of following spot again.The problems such as the fluctuation of service that the system of can avoiding typhoon protection protective device causes because of high wind weather such as typhoon, hurricanes, damage of components, increase substantially the stability of system operation and the life-span of system.
Described solar light tracking device also includes the cleaning device 13 that sweeps away snow, and the described cleaning device that sweeps away snow is provided with a voltage dependent resistor (VDR) for the shady face at solar panels, and installs snow flanger 131 at solar panels, and voltage dependent resistor (VDR) is connected with control circuit.As Fig. 6, the bar that sweeps away snow that described snow flanger is similar windscreen wiper.The described bar that sweeps away snow is to arrange in pairs, is to intersect to arrange, and the bar that sweeps away snow paired or cross arrangement can cover whole solar panels when motion.
Described solar light tracking device also includes overcast and rainy sleep devices 14, described overcast and rainy sleep devices also includes a photoresistance, described photoresistance is connected with control circuit, utilizes photoresistance to judge that weather condition controls the action of elevation angle regulating device or azimuth adjustment device thus.
Described control circuit includes single-chip microcomputer, input media, display screen, scrambler, clock module, elevation angle motor-drive circuit, azimuth motor driving circuit, air velocity transducer module, voltage dependent resistor (VDR) module and photoresistance module, and input media wherein, display screen, scrambler, clock module, elevation angle motor-drive circuit, azimuth motor driving circuit, air velocity transducer module, voltage dependent resistor (VDR) module and photoresistance module are connected with single-chip microcomputer respectively.Described scrambler is absolute value angular encoder.
The principle of work of control system is: during system works, by control system, within every three minutes, calculated the positional information of a sun, two rotary encoders on altitude axis and azimuth axis detect alliance information, be transmitted back to control chip, control chip output control signal, control altitude axis and azimuth axis motor positive and inverse, arrive tram, make solar panels over against the sun.Control circuit principle is as shown in Figure 9:
Working-flow is: after powering on, whether system detection time is between 6 o'clock to 18 o'clock, if, program starts to calculate now declination angle, solar hour angle value, and then elevation angle and azimuthal value of the calculating sun, the positional information of etching system is made comparisons therewith time again, controls altitude axis and azimuth axis electric machine rotation, arrives position of sun this moment.Workflow is as shown in figure 10:
Control circuit circuit diagram is as shown in Figure 11-14, and modules is connected as schemed as shown in upper pin label with each pin of single-chip microcomputer.Coder module can send elevation angle, azimuth information to single-chip microcomputer.Temporal information, latitude and longitude information that LCD display module can be set user send single-chip microcomputer to.Clock module provides temporal information for whole circuit.Data storage module is used for storing the data that single-chip microcomputer is processed.The circuit diagram of another attached typhoon protection protection module, sweep away snow automatically cleaning module, overcast and rainy sleep block, its output terminal is all connected with the pin of single-chip microcomputer, outputs signal to single-chip microcomputer, and the rotation of single-chip computer control system reaches protection object.
Writing at algorithm routine wherein, according to sky spherical model astronomically, select elevation angle and position angle on the horizontal system of coordinates (seeing Fig. 7,8) to describe position of sun, by the elevation angle of the sun and azimuthal algorithm routine, using this core algorithm as solar light tracking system.Take STC90C51 single-chip microcomputer as control chip, take DS1302 chip as time chip as system provides temporal information, utilize algorithm can calculate the position of the current sun.
Existence function relation between sun altitude and position angle:
sin(H
S)＝sinΦsinδ+cosΦcosδcosω (1)
Wherein, H
sfor sun altitude, Az is solar azimuth, and δ is declination angle, and Φ is local latitude, and ω is solar hour angle.
By formula (1), (2), can be seen, known declination angle δ and solar hour angle ω can try to achieve elevation angle and the position angle of the sun, can obtain the declination angle δ of the sun according to the formula in document:
δ=23.45 ° sin[360 ° * (248+n)/365] (n is from January 1 to the n days of counting)
Solar hour angle ω is from observation station celestial meridian along celestial equator to the angular distance of the sun place hour circle.Regulation 12 ω at high noon are 0 °, and the morning, ω was negative value, afternoon ω be on the occasion of.360 ° of earth rotations 1 week, the corresponding time is 24h, corresponding ω per hour is 15 °.True solar time=mean solar time+very mean sun time difference.China's mean solar time is Beijing time, 120 ° of Beijing longitudes, and the computing formula of various places true solar time is:
T＝t+(L-120)/15
According to the definition of solar hour angle, can try to achieve solar hour angle ω and be:
ω＝15T-180＝15t+(L-120)-180
In formula, L is local longitude, and t is Beijing time, and T is the true solar time.
It is same as the prior art that the present embodiment is not stated part.
Claims (10)
1. a solar light tracking device, it is characterized in that: include base for supporting, and for the solar panels fixed mount of fixed solar plate, its structural feature is: described solar light tracking device also includes azimuth adjustment device and elevation angle regulating device, described azimuth adjustment device is supported on base for supporting, elevation angle regulating device by stent support on the output shaft of azimuth adjustment device, the output terminal of elevation angle regulating device and solar panels fixed mount are hinged and drive solar panels to realize elevation angle swing, on the output shaft of azimuth adjustment device, be provided with the scrambler changing for detection of angle, on the jointed shaft being hinged, be provided with the scrambler that detection angles changes on the rotation axis of solar panels fixed mount or with azimuth adjustment device, described solar light tracking device also includes the control circuit of controlling party parallactic angle regulating device and the motion of elevation angle regulating device, position of sun is described at elevation angle and position angle that described control circuit is fastened with horizontal coordinate, in conjunction with current temporal information, determine current position of sun, thereby drive elevation angle regulating device and azimuth adjustment device to realize the position that regulates solar panels fixed mount according to position of sun.
2. solar light tracking device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described azimuth adjustment device includes worm type of reduction gearing, the worm screw of described worm type of reduction gearing is connected with power source, and the worm-gear output shaft of described worm type of reduction gearing is connected with a support.
3. solar light tracking device according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described elevation angle regulating device includes worm type of reduction gearing, worm type of reduction gearing is installed on support, the worm screw of described worm type of reduction gearing is connected with power source, the output terminal of described worm type of reduction gearing connects a crank and rocker mechanism, crank in crank and rocker mechanism is connected with the worm-wheel shaft of worm type of reduction gearing, connecting rod one end and crank in crank and rocker mechanism are hinged, the other end of connecting rod is articulated with on solar panels fixed mount, described solar panels are rotating to be supported on support, described crank rocker machine is vertical.
4. solar light tracking device according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: in elevation angle, be that 0 ° and position angle are that the position of 0 ° arranges one for detection of the approach switch in elevation angle regulating device and azimuth adjustment device original position, the position that is 0 ° and 90 ° in elevation angle is installed two travel switches and is used for controlling pitch angle, and a travel switch is installed in azimuth axis rotation direction.
5. the solar light tracking device described in any one according to claim 1 to 4; it is characterized in that: described solar light tracking device also comprises typhoon protection protective device; described typhoon protection protective device includes an air velocity transducer, and described air velocity transducer is connected with control circuit.
6. solar light tracking device according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: described solar light tracking device also includes the cleaning device that sweeps away snow, the described cleaning device that sweeps away snow is provided with a voltage dependent resistor (VDR) for the shady face at solar panels, and install snow flanger at solar panels, voltage dependent resistor (VDR) is connected with control circuit.
7. solar light tracking device according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: described snow flanger is the bar that sweeps away snow, the described bar that sweeps away snow is for arranging in pairs, itself or be arrangement relatively, or for intersecting row, the bar that sweeps away snow paired or cross arrangement can cover whole solar panels when motion.
8. solar light tracking device according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: described solar light tracking device also includes overcast and rainy sleep devices, described overcast and rainy sleep devices also includes a photoresistance, described photoresistance is connected with control circuit, utilizes photoresistance to judge that weather condition controls the action of elevation angle regulating device or azimuth adjustment device thus.
9. solar light tracking device according to claim 8, it is characterized in that: described control circuit includes single-chip microcomputer, input media, display screen, scrambler, clock module, elevation angle motor-drive circuit, azimuth motor driving circuit, air velocity transducer module, voltage dependent resistor (VDR) module and photoresistance module, input media wherein, display screen, scrambler, clock module, elevation angle motor-drive circuit, azimuth motor driving circuit, air velocity transducer module, voltage dependent resistor (VDR) module and photoresistance module are connected with single-chip microcomputer respectively.
10. solar light tracking device according to claim 9, it is characterized in that: during whole device work, by control circuit, every a few minutes, calculated the positional information of a sun, two rotary encoders on altitude axis and azimuth axis detect alliance information, be transmitted back to control chip, control chip output control signal, controls altitude axis and azimuth axis motor positive and inverse, arrive tram, make solar panels over against the sun.
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