CN105223971A - A kind of automatic sun tracker based on optical image security - Google Patents
A kind of automatic sun tracker based on optical image security Download PDFInfo
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- CN105223971A CN105223971A CN201510755650.1A CN201510755650A CN105223971A CN 105223971 A CN105223971 A CN 105223971A CN 201510755650 A CN201510755650 A CN 201510755650A CN 105223971 A CN105223971 A CN 105223971A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of automatic sun tracker based on optical image security, comprise data acquisition controller, the wireless transport module be all connected with data acquisition controller, servomotor and gyroscope, the camera sensing device be connected with data acquisition controller by data-carrier store, and by the two-axis table of driven by servomotor, the computing machine be connected with wireless transport module; Computing machine is at least connected with one piece of display screen; Two-axis table comprises base, rotatable parts and the platform installed from bottom to top, and platform is provided with gyroscope and three-dimensional box, rotatable parts are by driven by servomotor; Camera sensing device is built in the inner chamber of three-dimensional box, the end face of three-dimensional box offers the light hole injected for sunshine, the camera of camera sensing device is distributed in immediately below light hole, is also provided with the film of light-transmission type between light hole and camera sensing device.Realize higher tracking accuracy, solar radiation energy utilization factor is provided, and be applicable to cloud and mist weather.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of solar tracking system, particularly relate to a kind of automatic sun tracker based on optical image security, belong to automatic control technology field.
Background technology
Sun power, as a kind of clean energy resource of sustainable use, is desirable regenerative resource.Because solar energy density is low, energy acceptance poor continuity, with season, round the clock, the change of weather conditions and changing, current application mainly concentrates on solar water heater and the sun greenhouse homenergic density requirements not high daylighting time is discontinuous, the field of user's dispersion.Greatly developing solar energy power generating with heat generating is the effective way of saving fossil energy sources, reducing CO2 emission.
At present, the principal element restricting solar energy power generating is that opto-electronic conversion cost is high, generated energy fluctuation is large and be not suitable for long-distance sand transport.Adopt automatic tracking system can extend the solar electrical energy generation time, increase generated energy, reduce the fluctuation of generated energy to a certain extent, reduce cost for solar power generation.
Solar automatic tracking system refers in the effective light application time of the sun, can make sunray all the time vertical irradiation on the collection face of light collector (solar thermal collector or photoelectric cell), make light collector can obtain solar device system to greatest extent in effective light application time.The main part of this system is made up of control assembly and rotation parts of adjusting a wage scale usually.The effect of control assembly sun present position coordinate is directly or indirectly exported to rotation to adjust a wage scale parts.The main effect of rotating parts of adjusting a wage scale is that the signal provided by control assembly is used for driving the collection face of light collector vertical with sunray all the time after adjust a wage scale process or decomposition.
Domestic conventional photoelectric tracking has gravity type, electromagnetic type and electrodynamic type, and these photoelectronic tracking devices all use light sensor and silicon photocell.In existing apparatus, the installation of photoelectric tube is near shadow shield, and the position of adjustment shadow shield makes the shadow shield aligning sun, silicon photocell is in shadow region; The shade skew of shadow shield when the sun moves westwards, photoelectric tube receives micro-electric current that direct sunlight exports certain value, as deviation signal, amplifies through circuit, adjusts angle make the tracking means aligning sun complete tracking by servo control mechanism.
According to the mode that control signal in control assembly produces, broadly tracking technique can be divided into active, passive type and hybrid three classes.Control signal is gone to control tracker running from the orbit parameter that the local longitude and latitude prestored in control assembly and the sun run and is called active tracking.The sunshine signal utilizing light sensor to receive controls tracker running and is called Passive Track.The control tracker that above two kinds of control modes combined running is called hybrid tracking.
At present sun active Tracking Control system general in the world all needs the angle at the not sun place in the same time calculating every day in 1 year according to information such as the longitudes and latitudes laid a little, and be stored in PLC, single-chip microcomputer or computer software, namely by calculating position of sun to realize following the tracks of.The control method that active tracking adopts is also referred to as space-time control methods.Based PC facility have powerful data to store and computing power, can be used to comparatively complex calculations, so requiring higher occasion to computational accuracy, generally adopt it to control, if astronomical observatory and observatory are to the observation of the sun.In large-scale solar power station, PC also can be used to realize centralized control, control accuracy is high, average unit cost is low effect to solar photovoltaic array.Comparatively speaking, Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system has higher cost performance, therefore uses the most general at present.
Sun power passive tracking system mainly adopts intensity control method, utilizes light activated element and sensor to carry out signal trace adjustment, follows the sun passively and rotates.Hybrid tracking is a kind of tracking mode combining active tracing mode and passive tracking mode.The modal tracking being sensor and microprocessor and combining of hybrid tracking.The automatic control unit of micro-process is mainly core with microprocessor, and micro-process calculates the position residing for sun angle value residing in real time and cell panel reality by angle calculation and feedback-system section, follows the tracks of the sun.
Solar tracking system mainly considers following factor in the application: tracking accuracy, system cost, power consumption and later maintenance expense.Evaluate a tracker, should consider from above several aspect.Single-shaft tracking system can obtain the solar radiation utilization factor higher than fixed installation system, and system cost, power consumption are all very low, convenient later maintenance; Dual-axis tracking system can utilize solar radiation energy in maximum efficiency, and high but its system maintenance of automaticity costly.The advantage of active tracing can normally work in round-the-clock situation, its shortcoming there is cumulative errors, generally can not self eliminate, the advantage of passive tracking can eliminate error by the feedback of self, but job insecurity under the weather condition that cloud layer is more, its tracking accuracy depends on the precision of light sensor; Hybrid mode then combines the advantage of the two and overcomes the two shortcoming, when generally cloudless, use passive sensor to follow the tracks of, but change into active tracking immediately when cloud blocks the solar time, active and the passive hybrid control system alternately controlled can obtain Optimal Control effect, but system cost is high.
Summary of the invention
Fundamental purpose of the present invention is, overcomes deficiency of the prior art, provides a kind of automatic sun tracker based on optical image security of new structure, is specially adapted to active tracing.
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is to provide easy, safe and reliable, the practical automatic sun tracker based on optical image security of compact conformation, easy accessibility, making, higher tracking accuracy can be realized, solar radiation energy utilization factor is provided, is applicable to cloud and mist weather simultaneously and carries out sun active tracing.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
A kind of automatic sun tracker based on optical image security, comprise data acquisition controller, the wireless transport module be all connected with data acquisition controller, servomotor and gyroscope, the camera sensing device be connected with data acquisition controller by data-carrier store, and by the two-axis table of driven by servomotor, the computing machine be connected with wireless transport module; Described computing machine is at least connected with one piece of display screen.
Wherein, described two-axis table comprises base, rotatable parts and the platform installed from bottom to top, and described platform is provided with gyroscope and three-dimensional box, described rotatable parts are by driven by servomotor; Described camera sensing device is built in the inner chamber of three-dimensional box, the end face of described three-dimensional box offers the light hole injected for sunshine, the camera of camera sensing device is distributed in immediately below light hole, is also provided with the film of light-transmission type between described light hole and camera sensing device.
Wherein, the two-axis table current angle value that described data acquisition controller is used for gyroscope collection comes is transferred to computing machine by wireless transport module and carries out storing and being shown by display screen, and the sun image for the collection of camera sensing device being come is transferred to computing machine by wireless transport module and carries out image procossing; Described computing machine is used for the current center-of-mass coordinate that image procossing obtains the sun, the deviation angle between the sun and camera sensing device is calculated by center-of-mass coordinate when more current center-of-mass coordinate and sunshine vertical incidence, and produce adjustment two-axis table control signal, and control signal is sent to data acquisition controller by wireless transport module thus start servomotor drive rotatable parts realize solar tracking.
The present invention is set to further: also comprise the key board be connected with data acquisition controller, and described key board is used for the unlatching of Non-follow control servomotor.
The present invention is set to further: the end face of described platform is provided with solar panel.
The present invention is set to further: described data acquisition controller adopts stm32 system board.
The present invention is set to further: described three-dimensional box adopts opaque material to make magazine.
The present invention is set to further: described three-dimensional box is square.
The present invention is set to further: the size of described light hole and the camera of camera sensing device measure-alike.
The present invention is set to further: described light hole is the circular port of diameter 3mm.
The present invention is set to further: described light hole distance film 5cm, the camera 10cm of described film distance camera sensing device.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect that the present invention has is:
By gyrostatic setting, realize the current angular judging two-axis table accurately, thus obtain real-time sun direct projection angle, and it is fed back on display screen in real time, be convenient to observe and artificial adjustment.By the setting of camera sensing device and three-dimensional box, camera sensing device is built in the inner chamber of three-dimensional box, camera sensing device carries out sun image collection from the light hole of three-dimensional box, significantly eliminate the impact of other disturbing factors, realize the Image semantic classification of acquisition phase, improve the accuracy and centrality that gather, be convenient to the post-processed of sun image, improve image processing efficiency; Wherein light hole has optical filtering and humidification, when there being cloud and mist to shelter from sunshine, according to the change in location of luminous point on film, can obtain sun direct projection angle, thus controls servomotor expansion adjustment, then makes two-axis table and direct sunlight keep vertical.
Foregoing is only the general introduction of technical solution of the present invention, and in order to clearer understanding technological means of the present invention, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the positive TV structure cut-away view of embodiment of the present invention neutral body box;
Fig. 3 is the plan structure schematic diagram of embodiment of the present invention neutral body box;
Fig. 4 be in the embodiment of the present invention two-axis table face structural representation;
Fig. 5 is the side-looking structural representation of two-axis table in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the plan structure schematic diagram of two-axis table in the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with Figure of description, the present invention is further illustrated.
As shown in Figures 1 to 6, a kind of automatic sun tracker based on optical image security, comprise data acquisition controller 1, the wireless transport module 2 be all connected with data acquisition controller 1, servomotor 3 and gyroscope 4, by the camera sensing device 6 that data-carrier store 5 is connected with data acquisition controller 1, and the two-axis table 7 to be driven by servomotor 3, the computing machine 8 be connected with wireless transport module 2; Also comprise the key board 9 be connected with data acquisition controller 1, described key board 9 is for the unlatching of Non-follow control servomotor 3; Described computing machine 8 is at least connected with one piece of display screen 81.
Described data acquisition controller 1 preferably adopts stm32 system board, stm32 series is based on aiming at the custom-designed ARMCortex-M kernel of Embedded Application requiring high-performance, low cost, low-power consumption, wherein during M4 nuclear clock highest frequency 168MHz, from flash memory run time version, STM32 power consumption 36mA, be product least in power-consuming on 32 markets, be equivalent to 0.5mA/MHz, power consumption is extremely low.
As shown in Fig. 4, Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, described two-axis table 7 comprises base 71, rotatable parts 72 and the platform 73 installed from bottom to top, described platform 73 is provided with gyroscope 4 and three-dimensional box 74, the end face of platform 73 is also provided with solar panel (not shown); Described rotatable parts 72 are driven by servomotor 3.
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, described camera sensing device 6 is built in the inner chamber of three-dimensional box 74, the end face of described three-dimensional box 74 offers the light hole 61 injected for sunshine, the camera of camera sensing device 6 is distributed in immediately below light hole 61, is also provided with the film 62 of light-transmission type between described light hole 61 and camera sensing device 6.
Described three-dimensional box 74 preferably adopts opaque material to make the magazine of square; The size of described light hole 61 and the camera of camera sensing device 6 measure-alike.As shown in Figure 3, described light hole 61 is the circular port of diameter 3mm; Be preferably, described light hole 61 keeps 5cm apart from film 62, and described film 62 is apart from the camera 10cm of camera sensing device 6.
Described data acquisition controller 1 is transferred to computing machine 8 by wireless transport module 2 and carries out storing for gyroscope 4 being gathered two-axis table 7 current angle value come and shown by display screen 81, and is transferred to computing machine 8 by wireless transport module 2 carries out image procossing for camera sensing device 6 being gathered the sun image come; Described computing machine 8 obtains the current center-of-mass coordinate of the sun for image procossing, the deviation angle between the sun and camera sensing device 6 is calculated by center-of-mass coordinate when more current center-of-mass coordinate and sunshine vertical incidence, and produce adjustment two-axis table 7 control signal, and control signal is sent to data acquisition controller 1 by wireless transport module 2 thus start servomotor 3 drive rotatable parts 74 to realize solar tracking.
Innovative point of the present invention is, image acquisition is accurately concentrated, and image procossing is efficient, realizes higher tracking accuracy, provides solar radiation energy utilization factor; And when having cloud and mist to shelter from sunshine, by light hole, there is optical filtering and humidification, can according to the change in location of luminous point on film, obtain sun direct projection angle, thus control servomotor expansion adjustment, then make two-axis table and direct sunlight keep vertical, be applicable to cloud and mist weather and carry out sun active tracing.
The above, it is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not any pro forma restriction is done to the present invention, although the present invention discloses as above with preferred embodiment, but and be not used to limit the present invention, any those skilled in the art, do not departing within the scope of technical solution of the present invention, make a little change when the technology contents of above-mentioned announcement can be utilized or be modified to the Equivalent embodiments of equivalent variations, in every case be the content not departing from technical solution of the present invention, according to any simple modification that technical spirit of the present invention is done above embodiment, equivalent variations and modification, all still belong in the scope of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. the automatic sun tracker based on optical image security, it is characterized in that: comprise data acquisition controller, the wireless transport module be all connected with data acquisition controller, servomotor and gyroscope, the camera sensing device be connected with data acquisition controller by data-carrier store, and by the two-axis table of driven by servomotor, the computing machine be connected with wireless transport module; Described computing machine is at least connected with one piece of display screen;
Described two-axis table comprises base, rotatable parts and the platform installed from bottom to top, and described platform is provided with gyroscope and three-dimensional box, described rotatable parts are by driven by servomotor;
Described camera sensing device is built in the inner chamber of three-dimensional box, the end face of described three-dimensional box offers the light hole injected for sunshine, the camera of camera sensing device is distributed in immediately below light hole, is also provided with the film of light-transmission type between described light hole and camera sensing device;
The two-axis table current angle value that described data acquisition controller is used for gyroscope collection comes is transferred to computing machine by wireless transport module and carries out storing and being shown by display screen, and the sun image for the collection of camera sensing device being come is transferred to computing machine by wireless transport module and carries out image procossing;
Described computing machine is used for the current center-of-mass coordinate that image procossing obtains the sun, the deviation angle between the sun and camera sensing device is calculated by center-of-mass coordinate when more current center-of-mass coordinate and sunshine vertical incidence, and produce adjustment two-axis table control signal, and control signal is sent to data acquisition controller by wireless transport module thus start servomotor drive rotatable parts realize solar tracking.
2. a kind of automatic sun tracker based on optical image security according to claim 1, is characterized in that: also comprise the key board be connected with data acquisition controller, and described key board is used for the unlatching of Non-follow control servomotor.
3. a kind of automatic sun tracker based on optical image security according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the end face of described platform is provided with solar panel.
4. a kind of automatic sun tracker based on optical image security according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described data acquisition controller adopts stm32 system board.
5. a kind of automatic sun tracker based on optical image security according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described three-dimensional box adopts opaque material to make magazine.
6. a kind of automatic sun tracker based on optical image security according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described three-dimensional box is square.
7. a kind of automatic sun tracker based on optical image security according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the size of described light hole and the camera of camera sensing device measure-alike.
8. a kind of automatic sun tracker based on optical image security according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described light hole is the circular port of diameter 3mm.
9. a kind of automatic sun tracker based on optical image security according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described light hole distance film 5cm, the camera 10cm of described film distance camera sensing device.
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CN105955316A (en) * | 2016-06-16 | 2016-09-21 | 浙江大学 | Double-shaft solar video sun tracking system and method |
CN107368106A (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2017-11-21 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Solar panel is followed spot equipment, TRT and control method |
CN108758513A (en) * | 2018-03-30 | 2018-11-06 | 深圳市贝优通新能源技术开发有限公司 | A kind of intelligent wind and light complementary road lamp that the generating efficiency with detection function is high |
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CN107368106A (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2017-11-21 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Solar panel is followed spot equipment, TRT and control method |
CN108758513A (en) * | 2018-03-30 | 2018-11-06 | 深圳市贝优通新能源技术开发有限公司 | A kind of intelligent wind and light complementary road lamp that the generating efficiency with detection function is high |
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