CN104150974B - A kind of soil conditioner and application thereof preventing and treating tobacco bacterial wilt - Google Patents
A kind of soil conditioner and application thereof preventing and treating tobacco bacterial wilt Download PDFInfo
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- CN104150974B CN104150974B CN201310754777.2A CN201310754777A CN104150974B CN 104150974 B CN104150974 B CN 104150974B CN 201310754777 A CN201310754777 A CN 201310754777A CN 104150974 B CN104150974 B CN 104150974B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of soil conditioner and the application thereof that prevent and treat tobacco bacterial wilt, this soil conditioner is prepared by following methods: 1) by after residual active sludge drying, pulverizes and sieves net, obtains fine powder; 2), after the compression of step 1) gained fine powder being granulated, carry out pyrolysis under anoxic conditions, rear cooling, to obtain final product.The soil conditioner of control tobacco bacterial wilt of the present invention, containing abundant gac and mineral substance, can supplement the organic content of soil, effectively preserves moisture and nutriment, increases soil fertility; Utilize this soil conditioner to improve soil physical and chemical property, fertilizer conservation can protect nitrogen, promote plant growth, effectively can prevent and treat soil-borne disease again, especially significantly can prevent and treat tobacco bacterial wilt; Can heavy metal-passivated, supplement plant nutrient, eliminate soil continuous cropping obstacle; Regulate soil microenvironment, improve the disease resistance of crop; Solve the handling problems of residual active sludge, turn waste into wealth, to greatest extent recycling sludge is utilized.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to soil conditioner technical field, be specifically related to a kind of soil conditioner preventing and treating tobacco bacterial wilt, the soil conditioner simultaneously also relating to this control tobacco bacterial wilt is preparing the application in environmental-protection adsorption material.
Background technology
Activated sludge process is the basic skills of sewage disposal, there is the advantages such as working cost is few, processing cost is low, good sewage processing effect, be applicable to the sewage disposal of big yield, high loading, be therefore widely used, especially municipal sewage treatment generally adopts activated sludge process.
Active sludge is made up of aerobic microbiological, has the ability of the dirty organic pollutants of Adsorption and decomposition, demonstrates chemical-biological activities.During Wastewater Treated by Activated Sludge Process sewage, these biological floes are suspended in sewage and form mixed solution, and the organism in sewage is fully contacted with active sludge microorganism.Deliquescent organism also will be absorbed by cell adsorption and enter in cellular plasm, under desmo enzyme effect, carry out oxygenolysis.After in sewage, suspended state and colloidal state organic pollutant are adsorbed, first under the effect of microbial cell exoenzyme, be decomposed into solvability low molecule organic matter, enter cell interior again, make organic substance decomposing, sewage is purified, simultaneously, new cellular material constantly synthesizes, and the quantity of active sludge also constantly increases.For maintaining sludge concentration suitable in aeration tank in operation, ensureing the activity level of mud in pond, inevitably a part of active sludge being arranged outward, produce a considerable amount of residual active sludge thus.The residual active sludge produced in activated sludge process process of paper-making wastewater treatment is papermaking excess sludge, and its fibre content is high, is easy to dehydration, containing alkaline components, not containing heavy metal.
Residual active sludge has a kind ofly misplaced local resource, will cause serious secondary pollution if dealt with improperly, and therefore, the large problem having become influence ecological environment is disposed in the process of residual active sludge.At present, residual active sludge disposes the several methods such as mainly landfill, compost and burning, but this several method has shortcoming: landfill mud needs to take a large amount of agricultural arable land, causes the waste of land resources, and is easy to pollute soil and groundwater; Biological compost facility investment volume is comparatively large, and cost is high, is not suitable for applying; Burn not only invest higher, working cost is high, causes the waste of resource, also can cause serious pollution to atmospheric environment simultaneously.
Soil-borne disease refers to that pathogenic agent such as fungi, bacterium, nematode and virus are lived in soil with invalid body, the disease caused from crop root or stem's disoperation when condition is suitable for.Black shank and bacterial wilt are that a class endangers serious soil-borne disease of tobacco, and they infect tobacco root usually, cause the disease of crop root and even complete stool, cause great financial loss.Phytopathologist thinks that plant morbidity and host, pathogenic bacteria and environment these three are because have substantial connection, when pathogenic bacteria and susceptible host meet in adapt circumstance, plant just start morbidity, if change or eradicate in this three any one, just can alleviate or control Plant diseases.
Existing soil conditioner is by agricultural water-loss reducer and to be rich in organic matter, the natural peat of humic acids or other organism be main raw material, be aided with bioactive ingredients and nutritive element composition, through the product that scientific technology processes, there are extremely significant water conservation, getting fat, ventilative three large soil conditioning performances; Nuisanceless, pollution-free, lifeless matter hormone, is different from various chemical fertilizer, agricultural chemicals, foliage fertilizer and bio-hormone, is the novel green production means of agroforestry plantation.But existing soil conditioner mainly focuses on the fertility of physics, chemical property and the increase soil improving soil, and the prevention effect for soil-borne disease can't meet the user demand of people.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of soil conditioner preventing and treating tobacco bacterial wilt.
Second object of the present invention is to provide a kind of soil conditioner preventing and treating tobacco bacterial wilt and is preparing the application in environmental-protection adsorption material.
In order to realize above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a kind of soil conditioner preventing and treating tobacco bacterial wilt, is prepared by following methods:
1) by after dehydrating residual active sludge, at 105 ~ 120 DEG C of drying 10 ~ 15h, pulverize and sieve net, obtain fine powder;
2) by step 1) gained fine powder compression granulate after, carry out pyrolysis under anoxic conditions, after be cooled to room temperature, to obtain final product.
Residual active sludge described in step 1) is the residual active sludge produced in activated sludge process process of paper-making wastewater treatment.
Screen cloth described in step 1) is 80 ~ 120 orders.
Step 2) described in compress granulation gained particle and be of a size of ￠ 3mm × 5mm ~ ￠ 5mm × 8mm.
Step 2) described in the temperature of pyrolysis be 550 ~ 650 DEG C, pyrolysis time is 0.5 ~ 2h.
Step 2) described in the inflammable gas heating for pyrolytic process capable of circulation that produces in pyrolytic process.
A kind of soil conditioner of above-mentioned control tobacco bacterial wilt is preparing the application in environmental-protection adsorption material.
Described environmental-protection adsorption material is prepared through acidification by described soil conditioner.
Described acidified modified referring to is soaked after 1 ~ 2h in diluted acid, is washed to neutrality and dries under 105 ~ 120 DEG C of conditions.
The sulfuric acid of described diluted acid to be concentration be 1 ~ 3mol/L, hydrochloric acid or phosphoric acid.
The soil conditioner of control tobacco bacterial wilt of the present invention, by Pintsch process, residual active sludge is changed into a kind of carbide under anoxic conditions, except containing except abundant gac composition, also containing abundant mineral composition, as K, Ca, Mg, Si and trace element etc.; There is the feature of gac: flourishing pore texture and huge specific surface area, have enough chemical stabilities, physical strength, acid and alkali-resistance; Be rich in micropore, not only can supplement the organic content of soil, can also effectively preserve moisture and nutriment, increase soil fertility; Utilize this soil conditioner to improve soil physical and chemical property, fertilizer conservation can protect nitrogen, promote plant growth, effectively can prevent and treat soil-borne disease again, especially significantly can prevent and treat tobacco bacterial wilt; Soil secondary salinization, heavy metal-passivated, supplementary plant nutrient can be prevented and treated, eliminate soil continuous cropping obstacle; Regulate soil microenvironment, improve the disease resistance of crop; Vega soil can be improved, particularly acid soil by using this soil conditioner; Solve the handling problems of residual active sludge, turn waste into wealth, to greatest extent recycling sludge is utilized; Technique is simple, energy consumption is low, with low cost, performance is steady in a long-term, is easy to suitability for industrialized production.
The soil conditioner of control tobacco bacterial wilt of the present invention is preparing the application in environmental-protection adsorption material, and the functional group on soil conditioner surface of the present invention mainly contains carboxyl, hydroxyl, amino, ether etc., advantages of good adsorption effect; Soil conditioner itself or process process, can be widely used in drinking water advanced treatment, wastewater treatment, have very strong adsorptive power to the heavy metal ion in solution, the successful when processing lead waste water, processing rate is close to 100%; Be easy to be separated and regeneration, to the absorption of the contents of many kinds of heavy metal ion such as lead, copper comparatively activated carbon adsorptive capacity by force, saved the Nonrenewable resources such as the feed coal of gac and timber, there is good economic benefit and environmental benefit.
The soil conditioner of control tobacco bacterial wilt of the present invention is when preparing environmental-protection adsorption material, and acidified modified rear effect strengthens; Can select according to purposes for acidified modified diluted acid, when only needing group active, can hydrochloric acid be selected, need group active in when retaining the elements such as calcium, sulfuric acid or phosphoric acid can be selected.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph of embodiment 1 gained soil conditioner;
Fig. 2 is the scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph of embodiment 2 resulting materials, and wherein a is embodiment 2 gained soil conditioner, and b is embodiment 2 gained environmental-protection adsorption material;
Fig. 3 is the infrared spectrogram of experimental example 3, and wherein (a) is embodiment 1 gained soil conditioner, and (b) is embodiment 2 gained environmental-protection adsorption material, (c) be absorption Pb(II) after environmental-protection adsorption material.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated.
Embodiment 1
The soil conditioner of the control tobacco bacterial wilt of the present embodiment, prepared by following methods:
1), after papermaking dehydrating residual active sludge activated sludge process pulping wastewater treatment produced, at 120 DEG C of dry 10h, pulverized 120 object screen clothes, obtained fine powder;
2) compression of step 1) gained fine powder is granulated after (￠ 5mm × 8mm), carries out 600 DEG C of pyrolysis 1h under anoxic conditions, after be cooled to room temperature, obtain the soil conditioner of described control tobacco bacterial wilt.
The present embodiment gained soil conditioner is black particle, as shown in Figure 1.
The soil conditioner of the present embodiment gained control tobacco bacterial wilt, can improve the plant nutrient such as soil physical and chemical property, heavy metal-passivated, supplementary soil Ca, Mg, eliminate soil continuous cropping obstacle, suppress soil-borne disease to occur.
Embodiment 2
The soil conditioner of the control tobacco bacterial wilt of the present embodiment, prepared by following methods:
1), after papermaking dehydrating residual active sludge activated sludge process pulping wastewater treatment produced, at 110 DEG C of dry 12h, pulverized 120 object screen clothes, obtained fine powder;
2) compression of step 1) gained fine powder is granulated after (￠ 5mm × 8mm), carries out 600 DEG C of pyrolysis 1h under anoxic conditions, after be cooled to room temperature, obtain the soil conditioner of described control tobacco bacterial wilt.
Gained soil conditioner being added concentration is in the sulfuric acid of 3mol/L, and put into shaking table vibration 2h, the rotating speed of shaking table is 120r/min, washes with water to neutrality, and dries under 120 DEG C of conditions, obtains environmental-protection adsorption material.
Adopt environmental-protection adsorption material prepared by the present embodiment gained soil conditioner, advantages of good adsorption effect, can be widely used in drinking water advanced treatment, wastewater treatment, has very strong adsorptive power to the heavy metal ion in solution, the successful when processing lead waste water, processing rate is close to 100%; Be easy to be separated and regeneration, to the absorption of contents of many kinds of heavy metal ion, comparatively activated carbon adsorptive capacity is strong.
Embodiment 3
The soil conditioner of the control tobacco bacterial wilt of the present embodiment, prepared by following methods:
1) by after dehydrating residual active sludge, at 105 DEG C of dry 15h, pulverized 120 object screen clothes, obtained fine powder;
2) compression of step 1) gained fine powder is granulated after (￠ 3mm × 5mm), carries out 650 DEG C of pyrolysis 0.5h under anoxic conditions, after be cooled to room temperature, to obtain final product.
Embodiment 4
The soil conditioner of the control tobacco bacterial wilt of the present embodiment, prepared by following methods:
1), after papermaking dehydrating residual active sludge activated sludge process pulping wastewater treatment produced, at 115 DEG C of dry 13h, pulverized 80 object screen clothes, obtained fine powder;
2) compression of step 1) gained fine powder is granulated after (￠ 5mm × 8mm), carries out 550 DEG C of pyrolysis 2h under anoxic conditions, after be cooled to room temperature, to obtain final product.
Experimental example 1
This experimental example measures the surperficial appearance of embodiment 2 gained soil conditioner and environmental-protection adsorption material by scanning electronic microscope (SEMJSM-7500Japan), studies the surface tissue of acidified modified front and back.Scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph as shown in Figure 2.
As can be seen from Fig. 2-a, embodiment 2 gained soil conditioner surface is relatively smooth, and concave-convex surface phenomenon is not obvious, has reunion bead phenomenon; The environmental-protection adsorption material (as Fig. 2-b) of gained after acidified modified, surfaceness obviously increases, the irregular hole of surface presentation, in picturesque disorder, similar coralliform.This surface tissue be due to the metapore of high-temperature activation become large, density becomes and causes greatly hole become large or generate functional group after acidifying, the formation in this hole increases the specific surface area in hole, improves absorption property.
Experimental example 2
The effect of this experimental example to embodiment 1 gained soil conditioner detects, and this detection is for southern acid soil.
Embodiment 1 gained soil conditioner is used in Fujian and two places, Sichuan different soils.Choose that physical features is smooth, fertility is relatively uniform, former years bacterial wilt fall ill serious plot as experimental plot, test adopts random alignment, arranges 4 process altogether, repeat for 3 times, Gong12Ge community, 250 strains are planted in every community, plant spacing is 1100 plants/acre, seeding row spacing 50 × 120cm.It is 9.09kg/667m that vega uses pure nitrogen level
2, NPK ratio is 1:0.8:2.7, and field management is undertaken by local High Quality Tobacco production technology regulation.
Each process specifically arranges as follows:
T1 process (CK): contrast (namely local conventional fertilizer application and management are only executed special tobacco fertilizer, chemical fertilizer, fertilizer etc., do not executed biological organic fertilizer);
T2 process: soil conditioner (embodiment 1 gained soil conditioner, 100kg/ mu);
T3 process: soil conditioner+biological organic fertilizer (on the basis of using embodiment 1 gained soil conditioner, 100kg/ mu, remove fertilizer, use biological organic fertilizer, the same fertilizer of amount of application).
Test-results is as shown in table 1 ~ 4.From economical character (table 1) and biomass (table 2), use soil conditioner and can improve the fresh and dried ratio that tobacco leaf growth traits improves tobacco leaf, and more obvious with biological organic fertilizer acting in conjunction effect.Soil conditioner on flue-cured tobacco disease-resistant to affect situation as shown in table 3, soil conditioner has significant effect to preventing and treating tobacco mosaic disease, bacterial wilt, balck shank and red-star like disease.As shown in table 4, soil conditioner improves Soil Micro-environment, and fertilizer conservation protects nitrogen, makes cigarette strain growth traits good, improves disease resistance, thus improve quality of tobacco and flue cured tobacco quality.
The economical character of table 1 different treatment flue-cured tobacco
Table 2 respectively processes biomass estimation
Table 3 respectively processes disease, and a situation arises
Table 4 is the contrast of process economic characters respectively
Note: tobacco price calculates by " National Development and Reform Commission, State Tobacco Monopoly Bureau are about the notice of purchasing price of leaf tobacco policy in 2012 ".
Experimental example 3
This experimental example detects the effect of the environmental-protection adsorption material of embodiment 1 gained soil conditioner, embodiment 2 gained as heavy metal absorbent, investigates its absorption property to copper-containing wastewater and lead waste water.
To copper-containing wastewater experiment process: content wherein Cu(II) is 80mg/L.By each 10mg of environmental-protection adsorption material of embodiment 1 gained soil conditioner, embodiment 2 gained, be added in 50ml copper-containing wastewater respectively, after room temperature (25 DEG C) oscillation treatment 3h, detect Cu(II) residual quantity and calculate clearance, result is as shown in table 5.
The environmental-protection adsorption material of table 5 embodiment 1 gained soil conditioner, embodiment 2 gained is to the adsorption effect of Cu in waste water
To lead waste water experimental technique: Pb(II in lead waste water) starting point concentration be 90mg/L, the each 10mg of environmental-protection adsorption material of Example 1 gained soil conditioner, embodiment 2 gained, be added in 50ml lead waste water respectively, under room temperature (25 DEG C) condition after oscillation treatment 4h, detect Pb(II) residual quantity and calculate clearance.Result is as shown in table 6.
The environmental-protection adsorption material of table 6 embodiment 1 gained soil conditioner, embodiment 2 gained is to the adsorption effect of Pb In Exhausted Water
Utilize WQF-510 Fourier transformation infrared spectrometer to carry out the mensuration of infrared spectra to the environmental-protection adsorption material (embodiment 2) after the environmental-protection adsorption material of embodiment 1 gained soil conditioner, embodiment 2 gained and Adsorption of Lead, draw the functional group and adsorptivity thereof that exist in each material.Its scanning result as shown in Figure 3.As can be seen from Figure 3, embodiment 2 gained environmental-protection adsorption material is respectively at 602.17cm
-1, 666.71cm
-1, 795.79cm
-1, 1643.42cm
-1, 3571.02cm
-1, 3616.57cm
-1there is the generation at new peak at place, and group corresponding to these places, peak is respectively-OH ,-OH ,-NH
2,-COOH ,-OH ,-OH, prove after sulfuric acid activated, environmental-protection adsorption material adds-OH ,-NH
2,-COOH absorption peak ,-OH ,-NH have been described
2,-COOH group existence, when environmental-protection adsorption materials adsorption is containing Pb(II) after solution, through-OH ,-NH that acidifying generates
2,-COOH group or disappearance or peak narrows, this illustrates-OH ,-COOH ,-NH
2group and Pb(II) there occurs effective chemical reaction.
Claims (7)
1. prevent and treat a soil conditioner for tobacco bacterial wilt, it is characterized in that: prepared by following methods:
1) by after dehydrating residual active sludge, at 105 ~ 120 DEG C of drying 10 ~ 15h, pulverize and sieve net, obtain fine powder;
2) by step 1) gained fine powder compression granulate after, carry out pyrolysis under anoxic conditions, after be cooled to room temperature, to obtain final product;
Wherein, residual active sludge described in step 1) is the residual active sludge produced in activated sludge process process of paper-making wastewater treatment;
Screen cloth described in step 1) is 80 ~ 120 orders;
Step 2) described in the temperature of pyrolysis be 550 ~ 650 DEG C, pyrolysis time is 0.5 ~ 2h.
2. the soil conditioner of control tobacco bacterial wilt according to claim 1, is characterized in that: step 2) described in compress granulation gained particle and be of a size of ￠ 3mm × 5mm ~ ￠ 5mm × 8mm.
3. the soil conditioner of control tobacco bacterial wilt according to claim 1, is characterized in that: step 2) described in the inflammable gas that produces in pyrolytic process be cycled to used in the heating of pyrolytic process.
4. the soil conditioner preventing and treating tobacco bacterial wilt is as claimed in claim 1 preparing the application in environmental-protection adsorption material.
5. application according to claim 4, is characterized in that: described environmental-protection adsorption material is prepared through acidification by described soil conditioner.
6. application according to claim 5, is characterized in that: described acidification is washed to neutrality and dries under 105 ~ 120 DEG C of conditions after referring to and soak 1 ~ 2h in diluted acid.
7. application according to claim 6, is characterized in that: the sulfuric acid of described diluted acid to be concentration be 1 ~ 3mol/L, hydrochloric acid or phosphoric acid.
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| CN105925270B (en) * | 2016-05-03 | 2019-01-18 | 内蒙古科技大学 | It is a kind of improve salt-soda soil fertility soil conditioner and its application |
| CN108341717A (en) * | 2018-03-30 | 2018-07-31 | 广东省农业科学院作物研究所 | A kind of promoting root growth diseases prevention tobacco special nutritional conditioner and preparation method thereof |
| CN109400389A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-03-01 | 云南农业大学 | A kind of soil conditioner that preventing and treating tobacco bacterial wilt and preparation method and application |
| CN113955908A (en) * | 2021-09-17 | 2022-01-21 | 肖进彬 | Oil-containing resource treatment method |
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| CN101024162A (en) * | 2007-01-09 | 2007-08-29 | 国家环境保护总局华南环境科学研究所 | Organic waste-gas adsorbant and preparing method and use |
| CN103318889A (en) * | 2013-07-08 | 2013-09-25 | 浙江卓嘉环境工程有限公司 | Method for marking active carbon by utilizing dyeing sludge |
| CN103396815A (en) * | 2013-08-05 | 2013-11-20 | 中国科学院城市环境研究所 | Method for preparing carbon materials by use of sludge |
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| MX341219B (en) * | 2005-09-08 | 2016-08-10 | Univ City New York Res Found | Catalytic adsorbents obtained from municipal sludges, industrial sludges, compost and tobacco waste and process for their production. |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101024162A (en) * | 2007-01-09 | 2007-08-29 | 国家环境保护总局华南环境科学研究所 | Organic waste-gas adsorbant and preparing method and use |
| CN103318889A (en) * | 2013-07-08 | 2013-09-25 | 浙江卓嘉环境工程有限公司 | Method for marking active carbon by utilizing dyeing sludge |
| CN103396815A (en) * | 2013-08-05 | 2013-11-20 | 中国科学院城市环境研究所 | Method for preparing carbon materials by use of sludge |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| 用污水处理厂脱水污泥制备含炭吸附剂;方平等;《化工环保》;20080630;第28卷(第3期);第278-281页 * |
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