CN101024162A - Organic waste-gas adsorbant and preparing method and use - Google Patents
Organic waste-gas adsorbant and preparing method and use Download PDFInfo
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- CN101024162A CN101024162A CN 200710026248 CN200710026248A CN101024162A CN 101024162 A CN101024162 A CN 101024162A CN 200710026248 CN200710026248 CN 200710026248 CN 200710026248 A CN200710026248 A CN 200710026248A CN 101024162 A CN101024162 A CN 101024162A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an organic waste gas adsorbent and preparation method and application. Put the dry sludge of 0.01-3mm particle diameter and active medicine mixed according 1:2-5 solid-liquid ratio, and heating in the constant temperature oscillator while dipping,string, drying after filter; then put into the pipe high temperature electrical furnace to pyrolysis,charring, cooled at the room temperature to get the pyrolysis product; pyrolysis products will be followed by distilled water, activated B Pharmacy, 10 ~ 18% hydrochloric acid, rinse distilled water to neutral, then dry, get organic waste gas adsorbent. The advantages of use the invention to prepare organic waste gas adsorbents are that it has obvious oleophilic hydrophobicity; and is suitable for treatment of organic waste gas, convenient source of raw materials, low-cost.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to air pollution control technique and sludge from wastewater treatment plant treatment technology, particularly a kind of organic waste-gas adsorbant and its production and application.
Background technology
In recent years, along with developing rapidly of industries such as organic synthesis industry, petro chemical industry, materials processing and paint spraying and baking, the organic compound that enters in the atmosphere is more and more.For example: material such as volatile organic matter such as benzene class, phenols, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, organic sulfur compound, organic chloride and stench, not only human body there is spread effect, and many materials also have certain toxicity and can produce " three cause " effect, the serious harm surrounding environment and the people's health; Be diffused into nerve and the hemopoietic system that have in the atmosphere and cause great harm human body, in addition have under the effect of solar ultraviolet photochemical reaction takes place and produces photochemical fog with NOx.Therefore, the control to this pollutant more and more is subject to people's attention.
Up to now, the technology of control volatilization organic pollution is kind surplus in the of ten nearly, playing effect preferably aspect the improvement organic pollution, but a lot of treatment facilities do not play due effect, its main cause be at present can be on engineering the several method handled of applicable organic exhaust gas, integrating in technology as firing method/Production by Catalytic Combustion Process, bioanalysis, absorption process, absorption method and their combination etc. all has the imperfection part.Firing method/Production by Catalytic Combustion Process is applicable to high-concentration organic waste gas, and catalyst is easily poisoned and lost efficacy; Bioanalysis is applicable to low-concentration organic exhaust gas, remains further research on the selection cultivation of the low and suitable bacterial classification of treatment effeciency and the biological curing; Absorption process is applied widely, produces secondary pollution but the waste liquid that produces is difficult to handle.Wherein commercial Application is the most common with the charcoal absorption technology, has played positive effect to improving atmosphere quality.Since active carbon cost height, the regeneration difficulty, and adsorbent is changed expensive.At present a lot of industrial organic exhaust gas control measures are difficult to play a role effectively.Therefore, be necessary the organic waste-gas adsorbant that development cost is cheap.
The processing of municipal sewage sludge is another environmental problem that China faces at present, and its importance is appeared suddenly rapidly.Along with quickening of urbanization process, the quantity of urban wastewater treatment firm constantly increases, and the generation of mud is increasing.The final disposal of mud at present mainly contains resource technologies such as landfill, burning, soil utilization, building materials utilization.Because soil and the shortage of the energy and the limitation of single disposal options, it is extremely urgent to open up new sludge treatment approach.Sewage treatment plant dewater sludge is a kind of organic carbonaceous material that is rich in, general content of organics can reach 40～80% (dry weights), make the volatile solid volatilization by pyrolysis under certain condition, form the aperture, obtain efficient, cheap adsorbent at solid phase surface.Because mud contains a certain amount of each heavy metal species, prepared adsorbent has multiple efficacy of adsorption, comprises physical absorption, chemisorbed and catalytic oxidation etc. simultaneously.
Utilize municipal sewage plant's solid waste mud to be raw material, adopt methods such as dehydration, pyrolysis charring to make a kind of organic exhaust gas is degraded the adsoption catalysis effect is arranged, the adsorbent of cheap and superior performance, not only solve present industrial organic exhaust gas and administer the problem that exists, create conditions for promoting its effective improvement, and be new approach of disposal developing of sludge from wastewater treatment plant, the Combinatorial Optimization of waste recycling, realization resource and environment has crucial meaning.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, primary and foremost purpose of the present invention provides a kind of organic waste-gas adsorbant, and this adsorbents adsorb efficient is: greater than 85%, Dichlorodiphenyl Acetate butyl ester, butanone are greater than 80% to 3 benzene waste gas; And this adsorbent raw material is a sludge from wastewater treatment plant, and cost reduces about 40% than existing active carbon, and volatile organic matter pollutes and the harm of photochemical fog has significance for reducing and alleviate in the atmosphere.The present invention can reduce the harm that the volatile organic matter in the industrial waste gas pollutes, and also opens up a new way for handling the sewage sludge solid discarded object simultaneously.
Another object of the present invention is to provide the preparation method of above-mentioned organic waste-gas adsorbant.
A further object of the present invention is to provide the application of above-mentioned organic waste-gas adsorbant.
Purpose of the present invention realizes by following technical proposals: a kind of preparation method of organic waste-gas adsorbant comprises the steps:
A, with drying sludge, make moisture percentage in sewage sludge reduce to 5～15% (mass fractions), obtain dewatered sludge.
B, with the dewatered sludge fragmentation, the dewatered sludge of getting particle diameter 0.01～3mm and activating agent A are 1: 2～5 to mix according to solid-to-liquid ratio, 75～90 ℃ of constant temperature oscillators heating 1～5 hour, flood simultaneously, stir, filter back drying (the recyclable utilization of filtrate); Described activating agent A comprises 15～50% (mass fraction, solvent are distilled water, down together) liquor zinci chloridi, 20～40% phosphoric acid solutions, 30～50% sulfuric acid, 20～40% potassium hydroxide, 30～45% calcium chloride or their combination.
C, put into the tubular type high-temperature electric resistance furnace then, the rate of heat addition is controlled at 10～30 ℃/min, carries out pyrolysis, charing under the protection of inert nitrogen gas atmosphere, and temperature is 360～780 ℃, and soak time is 0.5～5.0h; Cooling at room temperature can obtain thermal decomposition product after the taking-up.
D, use distilled water, activating agent B, 10～18% hydrochloric acid, distilled water rinsing to neutral successively thermal decomposition product, dry then, promptly make organic waste-gas adsorbant; Described activating agent B is 3～5% potassium permanganate or 5～10% NaOH.
Preferred especially, activating agent A is 40%ZnCl
2And 35%H
2SO
4, 35%CaCl
2, 40%ZnCl
2, 40%H
3PO
4Perhaps 35%KOH.
Described 40%ZnCl
2And 35%H
2SO
4Volume ratio be 2: 1.
A kind of organic waste-gas adsorbant forms by method for preparing.
The application of above-mentioned organic waste-gas adsorbant in handling organic exhaust gas.Utilize above-mentioned organic waste-gas adsorbant to handle the method for organic exhaust gas: with particle diameter is that the organic waste-gas adsorbant of 0.01～0.88mm is made the adsorbent bed that carbon layer is 800～1200mm; Organic exhaust gas is delivered to adsorbent bed by the blower fan supercharging after gas skirt is collected, finish gas-solid two and contact in adsorbent bed, arranges to atmosphere through purified gas.Organic waste-gas adsorbant can design regeneration on request or handle and dispose.
The present invention compared with prior art, have following advantage and beneficial effect: utilize the present invention to prepare organic waste-gas adsorbant and have tangible lipophilic-hydrophobic property, be fit to administer organic exhaust gas, advantage such as raw material sources are convenient, with low cost has high using value and marketing potentiality.Use this mud adsorbent to handle volatile organic matter and have following advantage: (1) has multiple coordination effects such as physical absorption, chemical absorbing, catalytic oxidation to organic exhaust gas, the adsorption efficiency height, and adsorption capacity is big, wherein to the adsorption efficiency of benzene,toluene,xylene more than 85%, to containing butyl acetate, butanone waste gas adsorption efficiency is greater than 80%; (2) raw material is the mud of municipal sewage plant, has convenient sources, with low cost, reduces by 40% than existing sulphur-fixing agent cost.(3) be new way of disposal developing of sludge from wastewater treatment plant, the Combinatorial Optimization of the treatment of wastes with processes of wastes against one another, realization resource and environment; (4) to existing charcoal absorption equipment, use this product instead after, effect obviously improves, and need not big scrap build, initial investment is few, operating cost is low.
The specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with embodiment, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
Embodiment one
A kind of preparation method of organic waste-gas adsorbant comprises the steps:
A, mud is carried out drying, make moisture percentage in sewage sludge reduce to 5% (mass fraction), obtain dewatered sludge.
B, with the dewatered sludge fragmentation, get dewatered sludge and the activating agent A:40%ZnCl of particle diameter 0.01～1mm
2(mass fraction, solvent are distilled water, down together) and 35%H
2SO
4(ZnCl
2And H
2SO
4By the preparation of 2: 1 volume ratios), be to mix at 1: 2 according to solid-to-liquid ratio (mass ratio), 75 ℃ of constant temperature oscillators heating 2 hours, flood simultaneously, stir, filter back 110 ℃ of dryings 12 hours down in baking oven.The recyclable utilization of filtrate.
C, put into the tubular type high-temperature electric resistance furnace, the rate of heat addition is controlled at 20 ℃/min, carries out pyrolysis, charing under the protection of inert nitrogen gas atmosphere, and temperature is 560 ℃, and soak time is 2h; Cooling at room temperature can obtain thermal decomposition product after the taking-up.
D, use distilled water, activating agent B (3% potassium permanganate), 10% hydrochloric acid, distilled water rinsing to neutral successively thermal decomposition product,, grind then and be sized to different particle diameters, promptly make organic waste-gas adsorbant at 110 ℃ of dry 12h down.
The 3 benzene waste gas of certain petrochemical plant discharging, its concentration is: benzene 350～500mg/m
3, toluene 650～800mg/m
3, dimethylbenzene 600～700mg/m
3, air quantity is 3000m
3/ h, temperature: 50～60 ℃.
Utilize organic waste-gas adsorbant to handle the method for organic exhaust gas:
(1) using particle diameter is the organic waste-gas adsorbant of 0.74～0.88mm, and making the adsorbent bed carbon layer is 1000mm, is divided into two-layerly, and empty tower gas velocity is got 0.5m/s, exhausted air quantity 1000m
3/ h, the about 500pa of drag losses.
(2) organic exhaust gas is delivered to adsorbent bed by the blower fan supercharging after gas skirt is collected, and finishes gas-solid two and contact in adsorbent bed, and to atmosphere, adsorbent can design regeneration on request or handle and dispose through purified gas row.
Measure the concentration of emission that it handles the front and back benzene,toluene,xylene respectively.Test result is: untreated organic exhaust gas average emission concentration is: benzene 425.3mg/m
3, toluene 760.9mg/m
3, dimethylbenzene 653.4mg/m
3Through the average emission concentration after the mud adsorbent processing be: benzene 60.2mg/m
3, toluene 87.5mg/m
3, dimethylbenzene 89.1mg/m
3, adsorption efficiency is all greater than 85%.
Embodiment two
A kind of preparation method of organic waste-gas adsorbant comprises the steps:
A, mud is carried out drying, make moisture percentage in sewage sludge reduce to 5% (mass fraction), obtain dewatered sludge.
B, with the dewatered sludge fragmentation, get dewatered sludge and the activating agent A:18%ZnCl of particle diameter 0.01～1mm
2(mass fraction, solvent are distilled water, down together) and 50%H
2SO
4(ZnCl
2And H
2SO
4By the preparation of 2: 1 volume ratios), be to mix at 1: 2 according to solid-to-liquid ratio (mass ratio), 75 ℃ of constant temperature oscillators heating 3 hours, flood simultaneously, stir, filter back 110 ℃ of dryings 12 hours down in baking oven.The recyclable utilization of filtrate.
C, put into the tubular type high-temperature electric resistance furnace, the rate of heat addition is controlled at 20 ℃/min, carries out pyrolysis, charing under the protection of inert nitrogen gas atmosphere, and temperature is 560 ℃, and soak time is 2h; Cooling at room temperature can obtain thermal decomposition product after the taking-up.
D, use distilled water, activating agent B (3% potassium permanganate), 10% hydrochloric acid, distilled water rinsing to neutral successively thermal decomposition product,, grind then and be sized to different particle diameters, promptly make organic waste-gas adsorbant at 110 ℃ of dry 12h down.
The 3 benzene waste gas of certain petrochemical plant discharging, its concentration is: benzene 350～500mg/m
3, toluene 650～800mg/m
3, dimethylbenzene 600～700mg/m
3, air quantity is 3000m
3/ h, temperature: 50～60 ℃.
Utilize organic waste-gas adsorbant to handle the method for organic exhaust gas:
(1) using particle diameter is the organic waste-gas adsorbant of 0.63～0.88mm, and making the adsorbent bed carbon layer is 1000mm, is divided into two-layerly, and empty tower gas velocity is got 0.5m/s, exhausted air quantity 1000m
3/ h, the about 550pa of drag losses.
(2) organic exhaust gas is delivered to adsorbent bed by the blower fan supercharging after gas skirt is collected, and finishes gas-solid two and contact in adsorbent bed, and to atmosphere, adsorbent can design regeneration on request or handle and dispose through purified gas row.
Measure the concentration of emission that it handles the front and back benzene,toluene,xylene respectively.Test result is: untreated organic exhaust gas average emission concentration is: benzene 421.7mg/m
3, toluene 726.9mg/m
3, dimethylbenzene 633.4mg/m
3Through the average emission concentration after the mud adsorbent processing be: benzene 54.2mg/m
3, toluene 83.4mg/m
3, dimethylbenzene 81.2mg/m
3, adsorption efficiency is all greater than 85%.
Embodiment three
A kind of preparation method of organic waste-gas adsorbant comprises the steps:
A, mud is carried out drying, make moisture percentage in sewage sludge reduce to 5% (mass fraction), obtain dewatered sludge.
B, with the dewatered sludge fragmentation, get dewatered sludge and the activating agent A:50%ZnCl of particle diameter 0.01～1mm
2(mass fraction, solvent are distilled water, down together) and 30%H
2SO
4(ZnCl
2And H
2SO
4By the preparation of 1: 1 volume ratio), be to mix at 1: 2 according to solid-to-liquid ratio (mass ratio), 75 ℃ of constant temperature oscillators heating 2 hours, flood simultaneously, stir, filter back 110 ℃ of dryings 12 hours down in baking oven.The recyclable utilization of filtrate.
C, put into the tubular type high-temperature electric resistance furnace, the rate of heat addition is controlled at 20 ℃/min, carries out pyrolysis, charing under the protection of inert nitrogen gas atmosphere, and temperature is 560 ℃, and soak time is 2h; Cooling at room temperature can obtain thermal decomposition product after the taking-up.
D, use distilled water, activating agent B (3% potassium permanganate), 10% hydrochloric acid, distilled water rinsing to neutral successively thermal decomposition product,, grind then and be sized to different particle diameters, promptly make organic waste-gas adsorbant at 110 ℃ of dry 12h down.
The 3 benzene waste gas of certain petrochemical plant discharging, its concentration is: benzene 350～500mg/m
3, toluene 650～800mg/m
3, dimethylbenzene 600～700mg/m
3, air quantity is 3000m
3/ h, temperature: 50～60 ℃.
Utilize organic waste-gas adsorbant to handle the method for organic exhaust gas:
(1) using particle diameter is the organic waste-gas adsorbant of 0.63～0.88mm, and making the adsorbent bed carbon layer is 1000mm, is divided into two-layerly, and empty tower gas velocity is got 0.5m/s, exhausted air quantity 1000m
3/ h, the about 500pa of drag losses.
(2) organic exhaust gas is delivered to adsorbent bed by the blower fan supercharging after gas skirt is collected, and finishes gas-solid two and contact in adsorbent bed, and to atmosphere, adsorbent can design regeneration on request or handle and dispose through purified gas row.
Measure the concentration of emission that it handles the front and back benzene,toluene,xylene respectively.Test result is: untreated organic exhaust gas average emission concentration is: benzene 471.3mg/m
3, toluene 749.3mg/m
3, dimethylbenzene 674.3mg/m
3Through the average emission concentration after the mud adsorbent processing be: benzene 53.2mg/m
3, toluene 79.2mg/m
3, dimethylbenzene 84.2mg/m
3, adsorption efficiency is all greater than 85%.
Embodiment four
A kind of preparation method of organic waste-gas adsorbant comprises the steps:
A, mud is carried out drying, make moisture percentage in sewage sludge reduce to 10% (mass fraction), obtain dewatered sludge.
B, with the dewatered sludge fragmentation, get the dewatered sludge of particle diameter 1～3mm and following activating agent A35%CaCl
2, be to mix at 1: 5 according to solid-to-liquid ratio, 90 ℃ of constant temperature oscillators heating 1 hour, flood simultaneously, stir, filter back 110 ℃ of dryings 18 hours down in baking oven.The recyclable utilization of filtrate.
C, put into the tubular type high-temperature electric resistance furnace, the rate of heat addition is controlled at 10 ℃/min, carries out pyrolysis, charing under the protection of inert nitrogen gas atmosphere, and temperature is 360 ℃, and soak time is 4.0h; Cooling at room temperature can obtain thermal decomposition product after the taking-up.
D, use distilled water, activating agent B (5% potassium permanganate), 18% hydrochloric acid, distilled water rinsing to neutral successively thermal decomposition product,, grind then and be sized to different particle diameters, promptly make organic waste-gas adsorbant at 110 ℃ of dry 18h down.
The organic exhaust gas of certain painting workshop discharging, its concentration is: benzene 150～200mg/m
3, toluene 200～300mg/m
3, dimethylbenzene 180～250mg/m
3, air quantity is 15000m
3/ h, temperature is: 30～60 ℃.
Utilize organic waste-gas adsorbant to handle the method for organic exhaust gas:
(1) using particle diameter is the organic waste-gas adsorbant of 0.32～0.53mm, and making the adsorbent bed carbon layer is 800mm, is divided into two-layerly, and empty tower gas velocity is got 0.5m/s, exhausted air quantity 1000m
3/ h, the about 450pa of drag losses;
(2) organic exhaust gas is delivered to adsorbent bed by the blower fan supercharging after gas skirt is collected, and finishes gas-solid two and contact in adsorbent bed, and to atmosphere, adsorbent can design regeneration on request or handle and dispose through purified gas row.
Measure the concentration of emission that it handles the front and back benzene,toluene,xylene respectively.Test result is: untreated organic exhaust gas average emission concentration is: benzene 173.2mg/m
3, toluene 226.6mg/m
3, dimethylbenzene 213.4mg/m
3Through the average emission concentration after the mud adsorbent processing be: benzene 21.7mg/m
3, toluene 30.5mg/m
3, dimethylbenzene 29.4mg/m
3, adsorption efficiency is all greater than 85%.
Embodiment five
A kind of preparation method of organic waste-gas adsorbant comprises the steps:
A, mud is carried out drying, make moisture percentage in sewage sludge reduce to 10% (mass fraction), obtain dewatered sludge.
B, with the dewatered sludge fragmentation, get the dewatered sludge of particle diameter 1～3mm and following activating agent A45%CaCl
2, be to mix at 1: 4 according to solid-to-liquid ratio, 90 ℃ of constant temperature oscillators heating 1 hour, flood simultaneously, stir, filter back 110 ℃ of dryings 18 hours down in baking oven.The recyclable utilization of filtrate.
C, put into the tubular type high-temperature electric resistance furnace, the rate of heat addition is controlled at 10 ℃/min, carries out pyrolysis, charing under the protection of inert nitrogen gas atmosphere, and temperature is 360 ℃, and soak time is 4.0h; Cooling at room temperature can obtain thermal decomposition product after the taking-up.
D, use distilled water, activating agent B (5% potassium permanganate), 18% hydrochloric acid, distilled water rinsing to neutral successively thermal decomposition product,, grind then and be sized to different particle diameters, promptly make organic waste-gas adsorbant at 110 ℃ of dry 18h down.
The organic exhaust gas of certain painting workshop discharging, its concentration is: benzene 150～200mg/m
3, toluene 200～300mg/m
3, dimethylbenzene 180～250mg/m
3, air quantity is 15000m
3/ h, temperature is: 30～60 ℃.
Utilize organic waste-gas adsorbant to handle the method for organic exhaust gas:
(1) using particle diameter is the organic waste-gas adsorbant of 0.32～0.53mm, and making the adsorbent bed carbon layer is 800mm, is divided into two-layerly, and empty tower gas velocity is got 0.5m/s, exhausted air quantity 1000m
3/ h, the about 450pa of drag losses;
(2) organic exhaust gas is delivered to adsorbent bed by the blower fan supercharging after gas skirt is collected, and finishes gas-solid two and contact in adsorbent bed, and to atmosphere, adsorbent can design regeneration on request or handle and dispose through purified gas row.
Measure the concentration of emission that it handles the front and back benzene,toluene,xylene respectively.Test result is: untreated organic exhaust gas average emission concentration is: benzene 171.3mg/m
3, toluene 225.7mg/m
3, dimethylbenzene 217.4mg/m
3Through the average emission concentration after the mud adsorbent processing be: benzene 19.8mg/m
3, toluene 29.4mg/m
3, dimethylbenzene 26.3mg/m
3, adsorption efficiency is all greater than 85%.
Embodiment six
A kind of preparation method of organic waste-gas adsorbant comprises the steps:
A, mud is carried out drying, make moisture percentage in sewage sludge reduce to 10% (mass fraction), obtain dewatered sludge.
B, with the dewatered sludge fragmentation, get the dewatered sludge of particle diameter 1～3mm and following activating agent A30%CaCl
2, be to mix at 1: 5 according to solid-to-liquid ratio, 90 ℃ of constant temperature oscillators heating 1 hour, flood simultaneously, stir, filter back 110 ℃ of dryings 18 hours down in baking oven.The recyclable utilization of filtrate.
C, put into the tubular type high-temperature electric resistance furnace, the rate of heat addition is controlled at 10 ℃/min, carries out pyrolysis, charing under the protection of inert nitrogen gas atmosphere, and temperature is 390 ℃, and soak time is 4.0h; Cooling at room temperature can obtain thermal decomposition product after the taking-up.
D, use distilled water, activating agent B (5% potassium permanganate), 18% hydrochloric acid, distilled water rinsing to neutral successively thermal decomposition product,, grind then and be sized to different particle diameters, promptly make organic waste-gas adsorbant at 110 ℃ of dry 18h down.
The organic exhaust gas of certain painting workshop discharging, its concentration is: benzene 150～200mg/m
3, toluene 200～300mg/m
3, dimethylbenzene 180～250mg/m
3, air quantity is 15000m
3/ h, temperature is: 30～60 ℃.
Utilize organic waste-gas adsorbant to handle the method for organic exhaust gas:
(1) using particle diameter is the organic waste-gas adsorbant of 0.32～0.53mm, and making the adsorbent bed carbon layer is 1200mm, is divided into three layers, and empty tower gas velocity is got 0.5m/s, exhausted air quantity 1000m
3/ h, the about 650pa of drag losses;
(2) organic exhaust gas is delivered to adsorbent bed by the blower fan supercharging after gas skirt is collected, and finishes gas-solid two and contact in adsorbent bed, and to atmosphere, adsorbent can design regeneration on request or handle and dispose through purified gas row.
Measure the concentration of emission that it handles the front and back benzene,toluene,xylene respectively.Test result is: untreated organic exhaust gas average emission concentration is: benzene 168.2mg/m
3, toluene 219.6mg/m
3, dimethylbenzene 217.4mg/m
3Through the average emission concentration after the mud adsorbent processing be: benzene 18.7mg/m
3, toluene 28.9mg/m
3, dimethylbenzene 28.6mg/m
3, adsorption efficiency is all greater than 85%.
Embodiment seven
A kind of preparation method of organic waste-gas adsorbant comprises the steps:
A, mud is carried out drying, make moisture percentage in sewage sludge reduce to 15% (mass fraction), obtain dewatered sludge.
B, with the dewatered sludge fragmentation, get dewatered sludge and the activating agent A (40%ZnCl of particle diameter 1～2mm
2) be to mix at 1: 4 according to solid-to-liquid ratio, 80 ℃ of constant temperature oscillators heating 3 hours, flood simultaneously, stir, filter back 105 ℃ of dryings 24 hours down in baking oven.The recyclable utilization of filtrate.
C, put into the tubular type high-temperature electric resistance furnace, the rate of heat addition is controlled at 15 ℃/min, carries out pyrolysis, charing under the protection of inert nitrogen gas atmosphere, and temperature is 480 ℃, and soak time is 2h; Cooling at room temperature can obtain thermal decomposition product after the taking-up.
D, use distilled water, activating agent B (4% potassium permanganate), 10% hydrochloric acid, distilled water rinsing to neutral successively thermal decomposition product, carry out grinding then and being sized to different particle diameters, promptly make organic waste-gas adsorbant at 110 ℃ of dry 24h down.
Certain chemical plant emission contain butyl acetate, butanone waste gas, its concentration is: butyl acetate 2000～2500mg/m
3, butanone 1000～1200mg/m
3, air quantity 3000m
3/ h, temperature is 50～80 ℃.
Utilize organic waste-gas adsorbant to handle the method for organic exhaust gas:
(1) using particle diameter is the organic waste-gas adsorbant of 0.54～0.74mm, and making the adsorbent bed carbon layer is 1000mm, is divided into two-layerly, and empty tower gas velocity is got 0.5m/s, exhausted air quantity 1000m
3/ h, the about 650pa of drag losses.
(2) organic exhaust gas is delivered to adsorbent bed by the blower fan supercharging after gas skirt is collected, and finishes gas-solid two and contact in adsorbent bed, and to atmosphere, adsorbent can design regeneration on request or handle and dispose through purified gas row.
Measure the concentration of emission that it handles pollutant in the organic exhaust gas of front and back respectively.Test result is: untreated organic exhaust gas average emission concentration is: butyl acetate 2359.2mg/m
3, butanone 1045.6mg/m
3Through the average emission concentration after the mud adsorbent processing be: butyl acetate 429.1mg/m
3, butanone 247.2mg/m
3, adsorption efficiency is all greater than 80%.
Embodiment eight
A kind of preparation method of organic waste-gas adsorbant comprises the steps:
A, mud is carried out drying, make moisture percentage in sewage sludge reduce to 15% (mass fraction), obtain dewatered sludge.
B, with the dewatered sludge fragmentation, get dewatered sludge and the activating agent A (20%ZnCl of particle diameter 1～2mm
2) be to mix at 1: 5 according to solid-to-liquid ratio, 80 ℃ of constant temperature oscillators heating 3 hours, flood simultaneously, stir, filter back 105 ℃ of dryings 24 hours down in baking oven.The recyclable utilization of filtrate.
C, put into the tubular type high-temperature electric resistance furnace then, the rate of heat addition is controlled at 15 ℃/min, carries out pyrolysis, charing under the protection of inert nitrogen gas atmosphere, and temperature is 480 ℃, and soak time is 2h; Cooling at room temperature can obtain thermal decomposition product after the taking-up.
D, use distilled water, activating agent B (4% potassium permanganate), 10% hydrochloric acid, distilled water rinsing to neutral successively thermal decomposition product, carry out grinding then and being sized to different particle diameters, promptly make organic waste-gas adsorbant at 110 ℃ of dry 24h down.
Certain chemical plant emission contain butyl acetate, butanone waste gas, its concentration is: butyl acetate 2000～2500mg/m
3, butanone 1000～1200mg/m
3, air quantity 3000m
3/ h, temperature is 50～80 ℃.
Utilize organic waste-gas adsorbant to handle the method for organic exhaust gas:
(1) using particle diameter is the organic waste-gas adsorbant of 0.54～0.74mm, and making the adsorbent bed carbon layer is 1200mm, is divided into three layers, and empty tower gas velocity is got 0.5m/s, exhausted air quantity 1000m
3/ h, the about 650pa of drag losses.
(2) organic exhaust gas is delivered to adsorbent bed by the blower fan supercharging after gas skirt is collected, and finishes gas-solid two and contact in adsorbent bed, and to atmosphere, adsorbent can design regeneration on request or handle and dispose through purified gas row.
Measure the concentration of emission that it handles pollutant in the organic exhaust gas of front and back respectively.Test result is: untreated organic exhaust gas average emission concentration is: butyl acetate 2368.2mg/m
3, butanone 1049.6mg/m
3Through the average emission concentration after the mud adsorbent processing be: butyl acetate 417.1mg/m
3, butanone 246.2mg/m
3, adsorption efficiency is all greater than 80%.
Embodiment nine
A kind of preparation method of organic waste-gas adsorbant comprises the steps:
A, mud is carried out drying, make moisture percentage in sewage sludge reduce to 15% (mass fraction), obtain dewatered sludge.
B, with the dewatered sludge fragmentation, get dewatered sludge and the activating agent A (50%ZnCl of particle diameter 1～2mm
2) be to mix at 1: 4 according to solid-to-liquid ratio, 80 ℃ of constant temperature oscillators heating 3 hours, flood simultaneously, stir, filter back 105 ℃ of dryings 24 hours down in baking oven.The recyclable utilization of filtrate.
C, put into the tubular type high-temperature electric resistance furnace, the rate of heat addition is controlled at 15 ℃/min, carries out pyrolysis, charing under the protection of inert nitrogen gas atmosphere, and temperature is 480 ℃, and soak time is 2h; Cooling at room temperature can obtain thermal decomposition product after the taking-up.
D, use distilled water, activating agent B (4% potassium permanganate), 10% hydrochloric acid, distilled water rinsing to neutral successively thermal decomposition product, carry out grinding then and being sized to different particle diameters, promptly make organic waste-gas adsorbant at 110 ℃ of dry 24h down.
Certain chemical plant emission contain butyl acetate, butanone waste gas, its concentration is: butyl acetate 2000～2500mg/m
3, butanone 1000～1200mg/m
3, air quantity 3000m
3/ h, temperature is 50～80 ℃.
Utilize organic waste-gas adsorbant to handle the method for organic exhaust gas:
(1) using particle diameter is the organic waste-gas adsorbant of 0.54～0.74mm, and making the adsorbent bed carbon layer is 1200mm, is divided into three layers, and empty tower gas velocity is got 0.4m/s, exhausted air quantity 1000m
3/ h, the about 650pa of drag losses.
(2) organic exhaust gas is delivered to adsorbent bed by the blower fan supercharging after gas skirt is collected, and finishes gas-solid two and contact in adsorbent bed, and to atmosphere, adsorbent can design regeneration on request or handle and dispose through purified gas row.
Measure the concentration of emission that it handles pollutant in the organic exhaust gas of front and back respectively.Test result is: untreated organic exhaust gas average emission concentration is: butyl acetate 2400.2mg/m
3, butanone 1048.7mg/m
3Through the average emission concentration after the mud adsorbent processing be: butyl acetate 437.1mg/m
3, butanone 231.3mg/m
3, adsorption efficiency is all greater than 80%.
Embodiment ten
A kind of preparation method of organic waste-gas adsorbant comprises the steps:
A, mud is carried out drying, make moisture percentage in sewage sludge reduce to 5% (mass fraction, down with), obtain dewatered sludge.
B, with the dewatered sludge fragmentation, get dewatered sludge and the activating agent A (40%H of particle diameter 0.01～1mm
3PO
4) be to mix at 1: 2 according to solid-to-liquid ratio, 85 ℃ of constant temperature oscillators heating 5 hours, flood simultaneously, stir, filter back 110 ℃ of dryings 12 hours down in baking oven.The recyclable utilization of filtrate.
C, put into the tubular type high-temperature electric resistance furnace, the rate of heat addition is controlled at 25 ℃/min, carries out pyrolysis, charing under the protection of inert nitrogen gas atmosphere, and temperature is 630 ℃, and soak time is 1.5h; Cooling at room temperature can obtain thermal decomposition product after the taking-up.
D, use distilled water, activating agent B (5% NaOH), 18% hydrochloric acid, distilled water rinsing to neutral successively thermal decomposition product,, grind then and be sized to different particle diameters, promptly make organic waste-gas adsorbant at 110 ℃ of dry 12h down.
The organic exhaust gas of certain leather processing workshop discharging, its concentration is: benzene 150～190mg/m
3, toluene 170～200mg/m
3, dimethylbenzene 190～230mg/m
3, air quantity is 6000m
3/ h, temperature is a room temperature.
Utilize organic waste-gas adsorbant to handle the method for organic exhaust gas:
(1) using particle diameter is the organic waste-gas adsorbant of 0.54～0.74mm, and making the adsorbent bed carbon layer is 800mm, is divided into two-layerly, and empty tower gas velocity is got 0.4m/s, exhausted air quantity 1000m
3/ h, the about 620pa of drag losses.
(2) organic exhaust gas is delivered to adsorbent bed by the blower fan supercharging after gas skirt is collected, and finishes gas-solid two and contact in adsorbent bed, and to atmosphere, adsorbent can design regeneration on request or handle and dispose through purified gas row.
Measure the concentration of emission that it handles the front and back benzene,toluene,xylene respectively.Test result is: untreated organic exhaust gas average emission concentration is: benzene 185.2mg/m
3, toluene 192.8mg/m
3, dimethylbenzene 221.5mg/m
3Through the average emission concentration after the mud adsorbent processing be: benzene 24.3mg/m
3, toluene 26.1mg/m
3, dimethylbenzene 22.4mg/m
3, adsorption efficiency is all greater than 85%.
Embodiment 11
A kind of preparation method of organic waste-gas adsorbant comprises the steps:
A, mud is carried out drying, make moisture percentage in sewage sludge reduce to 5% (mass fraction, down with), obtain dewatered sludge.
B, with the dewatered sludge fragmentation, get dewatered sludge and the activating agent A (20%H of particle diameter 0.01～1mm
3PO
4) be to mix at 1: 3 according to solid-to-liquid ratio, 85 ℃ of constant temperature oscillators heating 5 hours, flood simultaneously, stir, filter back 110 ℃ of dryings 12 hours down in baking oven.The recyclable utilization of filtrate.
C, put into the tubular type high-temperature electric resistance furnace, the rate of heat addition is controlled at 25 ℃/min, carries out pyrolysis, charing under the protection of inert nitrogen gas atmosphere, and temperature is 630 ℃, and soak time is 1.5h; Cooling at room temperature can obtain thermal decomposition product after the taking-up.
D, use distilled water, activating agent B (5% NaOH), 18% hydrochloric acid, distilled water rinsing to neutral successively thermal decomposition product,, grind then and be sized to different particle diameters, promptly make organic waste-gas adsorbant at 110 ℃ of dry 12h down.
The organic exhaust gas of certain leather processing workshop discharging, its concentration is: benzene 150～190mg/m
3, toluene 170～200mg/m
3, dimethylbenzene 190～230mg/m
3, air quantity is 6000m
3/ h, temperature is a room temperature.
Utilize organic waste-gas adsorbant to handle the method for organic exhaust gas:
(1) using particle diameter is the organic waste-gas adsorbant of 0.54～0.74mm, and making the adsorbent bed carbon layer is 1200mm, is divided into three layers, and empty tower gas velocity is got 0.4m/s, exhausted air quantity 1000m
3/ h, the about 620pa of drag losses.
(2) organic exhaust gas is delivered to adsorbent bed by the blower fan supercharging after gas skirt is collected, and finishes gas-solid two and contact in adsorbent bed, and to atmosphere, adsorbent can design regeneration on request or handle and dispose through purified gas row.
Measure the concentration of emission that it handles the front and back benzene,toluene,xylene respectively.Test result is: untreated organic exhaust gas average emission concentration is: benzene 187.5mg/m
3, toluene 193.7mg/m
3, dimethylbenzene 224.7mg/m
3Through the average emission concentration after the mud adsorbent processing be: benzene 23.3mg/m
3, toluene 19.7mg/m
3, dimethylbenzene 20.8mg/m
3, adsorption efficiency is all greater than 85%.
Embodiment 12
A kind of preparation method of organic waste-gas adsorbant comprises the steps:
A, mud is carried out drying, make moisture percentage in sewage sludge reduce to 5% (mass fraction, down with), obtain dewatered sludge.
B, with the dewatered sludge fragmentation, get dewatered sludge and the activating agent A (32%H of particle diameter 0.01～1mm
3PO
4) be to mix at 1: 2 according to solid-to-liquid ratio, 85 ℃ of constant temperature oscillators heating 5 hours, flood simultaneously, stir, filter back 110 ℃ of dryings 12 hours down in baking oven.The recyclable utilization of filtrate.
C, put into the tubular type high-temperature electric resistance furnace, the rate of heat addition is controlled at 25 ℃/min, carries out pyrolysis, charing under the protection of inert nitrogen gas atmosphere, and temperature is 630 ℃, and soak time is 1.5h; Cooling at room temperature can obtain thermal decomposition product after the taking-up.
D, use distilled water, activating agent B (5% NaOH), 18% hydrochloric acid, distilled water rinsing to neutral successively thermal decomposition product,, grind then and be sized to different particle diameters, promptly make organic waste-gas adsorbant at 110 ℃ of dry 12h down.
The organic exhaust gas of certain leather processing workshop discharging, its concentration is: benzene 150～190mg/m
3, toluene 170～200mg/m
3, dimethylbenzene 190～230mg/m
3, air quantity is 6000m
3/ h, temperature is a room temperature.
Utilize organic waste-gas adsorbant to handle the method for organic exhaust gas:
(1) using particle diameter is the organic waste-gas adsorbant of 0.54～0.74mm, and making the adsorbent bed carbon layer is 1200mm, is divided into three layers, and empty tower gas velocity is got 0.4m/s, exhausted air quantity 1000m
3/ h, the about 620pa of drag losses.
(2) organic exhaust gas is delivered to adsorbent bed by the blower fan supercharging after gas skirt is collected, and finishes gas-solid two and contact in adsorbent bed, and to atmosphere, adsorbent can design regeneration on request or handle and dispose through purified gas row.
Measure the concentration of emission that it handles the front and back benzene,toluene,xylene respectively.Test result is: untreated organic exhaust gas average emission concentration is: benzene 189.2mg/m
3, toluene 197.4mg/m
3, dimethylbenzene 227.1mg/m
3Through the average emission concentration after the mud adsorbent processing be: benzene 22.3mg/m
3, toluene 24.1mg/m
3, dimethylbenzene 18.2mg/m
3, adsorption efficiency is all greater than 85%.
Embodiment 13
A kind of preparation method of organic waste-gas adsorbant comprises the steps:
A, mud is carried out drying, make moisture percentage in sewage sludge reduce to 15% (mass fraction), obtain dewatered sludge.
B, with the dewatered sludge fragmentation, the dewatered sludge of getting particle diameter 0.01～2mm and activating agent A (35%KOH) are to mix at 1: 3 according to solid-to-liquid ratio, 85 ℃ of constant temperature oscillators heating 1 hour, flood simultaneously, stir, filter back 110 ℃ of dryings 12 hours down in baking oven.The recyclable utilization of filtrate.
C, put into the tubular type high-temperature electric resistance furnace, the rate of heat addition is controlled at 30 ℃/min, carries out pyrolysis, charing under the protection of inert nitrogen gas atmosphere, and temperature is 780 ℃, and soak time is 0.5h; Cooling at room temperature can obtain thermal decomposition product after the taking-up.
D, use distilled water, activating agent B (10% NaOH), 10% hydrochloric acid, distilled water rinsing to neutral successively thermal decomposition product, at 110 ℃ of dry 24h down, grind then and be sized to different particle diameters then, promptly make organic waste-gas adsorbant.
The organic exhaust gas of certain shoemaking workshop discharging, its concentration is: benzene 100～120mg/m
3, toluene 180～220mg/m
3, dimethylbenzene 140～160mg/m
3, air quantity is 5000m
3/ h, temperature is a room temperature.
Utilize organic waste-gas adsorbant to handle the method for organic exhaust gas:
(1) using particle diameter is the organic waste-gas adsorbant of 0.01～0.32mm, and making the adsorbent bed carbon layer is 1000mm, is divided into two-layerly, and empty tower gas velocity is got 0.4m/s, exhausted air quantity 1000m
3/ h, the about 650pa of drag losses.
(2) organic exhaust gas is delivered to adsorbent bed by the blower fan supercharging after gas skirt is collected, and finishes gas-solid two and contact in adsorbent bed, and to atmosphere, adsorbent can design regeneration on request or handle and dispose through purified gas row.
Measure the concentration of emission that it handles the front and back benzene,toluene,xylene respectively.Test result is: untreated organic exhaust gas average emission concentration is: benzene 114.7mg/m
3, toluene 197.9mg/m
3, dimethylbenzene 146.2mg/m
3Through the average emission concentration after the mud adsorbent processing be: benzene 14.4mg/m
3, toluene 21.2mg/m
3, dimethylbenzene 19.8mg/m
3, adsorption efficiency is all greater than 85%.
Embodiment 14
A kind of preparation method of organic waste-gas adsorbant comprises the steps:
A, mud is carried out drying, make moisture percentage in sewage sludge reduce to 15% (mass fraction), obtain dewatered sludge.
B, with the dewatered sludge fragmentation, the dewatered sludge of getting particle diameter 0.01～2mm and activating agent A (20%KOH) are to mix at 1: 4 according to solid-to-liquid ratio, 85 ℃ of constant temperature oscillators heating 3 hours, flood simultaneously, stir, filter back 110 ℃ of dryings 12 hours down in baking oven.The recyclable utilization of filtrate.
C, put into the tubular type high-temperature electric resistance furnace, the rate of heat addition is controlled at 30 ℃/min, carries out pyrolysis, charing under the protection of inert nitrogen gas atmosphere, and temperature is 780 ℃, and soak time is 0.5h; Cooling at room temperature can obtain thermal decomposition product after the taking-up.
D, use distilled water, activating agent B (10% NaOH), 10% hydrochloric acid, distilled water rinsing to neutral successively thermal decomposition product, at 110 ℃ of dry 24h down, grind then and be sized to different particle diameters then, promptly make organic waste-gas adsorbant.
The organic exhaust gas of certain shoemaking workshop discharging, its concentration is: benzene 100～120mg/m
3, toluene 180～220mg/m
3, dimethylbenzene 140～160mg/m
3, air quantity is 5000m
3/ h, temperature is a room temperature.
Utilize organic waste-gas adsorbant to handle the method for organic exhaust gas:
(1) using particle diameter is the organic waste-gas adsorbant of 0.01～0.32mm, and making the adsorbent bed carbon layer is 1200mm, is divided into three layers, and empty tower gas velocity is got 0.4m/s, exhausted air quantity 1000m
3/ h, the about 650pa of drag losses.
(2) organic exhaust gas is delivered to adsorbent bed by the blower fan supercharging after gas skirt is collected, and finishes gas-solid two and contact in adsorbent bed, and to atmosphere, adsorbent can design regeneration on request or handle and dispose through purified gas row.
Measure the concentration of emission that it handles the front and back benzene,toluene,xylene respectively.Test result is: untreated organic exhaust gas average emission concentration is: benzene 112.7mg/m
3, toluene 187.2mg/m
3, dimethylbenzene 151.1mg/m
3Through the average emission concentration after the mud adsorbent processing be: benzene 12.3mg/m
3, toluene 24.3mg/m
3, dimethylbenzene 18.9mg/m
3, adsorption efficiency is all greater than 85%.
Embodiment 15
A kind of preparation method of organic waste-gas adsorbant comprises the steps:
A, mud is carried out drying, make moisture percentage in sewage sludge reduce to 15% (mass fraction), obtain dewatered sludge.
B, with the dewatered sludge fragmentation, the dewatered sludge of getting particle diameter 0.01～2mm and activating agent A (40%KOH) are to mix at 1: 2 according to solid-to-liquid ratio, 85 ℃ of constant temperature oscillators heating 1 hour, flood simultaneously, stir, filter back 110 ℃ of dryings 12 hours down in baking oven.The recyclable utilization of filtrate.
C, put into the tubular type high-temperature electric resistance furnace, the rate of heat addition is controlled at 30 ℃/min, carries out pyrolysis, charing under the protection of inert nitrogen gas atmosphere, and temperature is 780 ℃, and soak time is 0.5h; Cooling at room temperature can obtain thermal decomposition product after the taking-up.
D, use distilled water, activating agent B (10% NaOH), 10% hydrochloric acid, distilled water rinsing to neutral successively thermal decomposition product, at 110 ℃ of dry 24h down, grind then and be sized to different particle diameters then, promptly make organic waste-gas adsorbant.
The organic exhaust gas of certain shoemaking workshop discharging, its concentration is: benzene 100～120mg/m
3, toluene 180～220mg/m
3, dimethylbenzene 140～160mg/m
3, air quantity is 5000m
3/ h, temperature is a room temperature.
Utilize organic waste-gas adsorbant to handle the method for organic exhaust gas:
(1) using particle diameter is the organic waste-gas adsorbant of 0.01～0.32mm, and making the adsorbent bed carbon layer is 1000mm, is divided into two-layerly, and empty tower gas velocity is got 0.4m/s, exhausted air quantity 1000m
3/ h, the about 650pa of drag losses.
(2) organic exhaust gas is delivered to adsorbent bed by the blower fan supercharging after gas skirt is collected, and finishes gas-solid two and contact in adsorbent bed, and to atmosphere, adsorbent can design regeneration on request or handle and dispose through purified gas row.
Measure the concentration of emission that it handles the front and back benzene,toluene,xylene respectively.Test result is: untreated organic exhaust gas average emission concentration is: benzene 120.6mg/m
3, toluene 198.4mg/m
3, dimethylbenzene 148.2mg/m
3Through the average emission concentration after the mud adsorbent processing be: benzene 13.7mg/m
3, toluene 24.5mg/m
3, dimethylbenzene 18.2mg/m
3, adsorption efficiency is all greater than 85%.
The foregoing description is a preferred implementation of the present invention; but embodiments of the present invention are not restricted to the described embodiments; other any do not deviate from change, the modification done under spiritual essence of the present invention and the principle, substitutes, combination, simplify; all should be the substitute mode of equivalence, be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1, a kind of preparation method of organic waste-gas adsorbant is characterized in that comprising the steps:
A, with drying sludge, make moisture percentage in sewage sludge reduce to 5～15%, obtain dewatered sludge;
B, with the dewatered sludge fragmentation, the dewatered sludge of getting particle diameter 0.01～3mm and activating agent A are 1: 2～5 to mix according to solid-to-liquid ratio, 75～90 ℃ of constant temperature oscillators heating 1～5 hour, it was dry to filter the back; Described activating agent A comprises 15～50% liquor zinci chloridis, 20～40% phosphoric acid solutions, 30～50% sulfuric acid, 20～40% potassium hydroxide or 30～45% calcium chloride;
C, put into the tubular type high-temperature electric resistance furnace then, the rate of heat addition is controlled at 10～30 ℃/min, carries out pyrolysis, charing under the inert nitrogen gas protection, and temperature is 360～780 ℃, and soak time is 0.5～5.0h; Cooling at room temperature promptly obtains thermal decomposition product after the taking-up;
D, use distilled water, activating agent B, 10～18% hydrochloric acid, distilled water rinsing to neutral successively thermal decomposition product, dry then, promptly make organic waste-gas adsorbant; Described activating agent B is 3～5% potassium permanganate or 5～10% NaOH.
2, the preparation method of a kind of organic waste-gas adsorbant according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described activating agent A is 40%ZnCl
2And 35%H
2SO
4, 35%CaCl
2, 40%ZnCl
2, 40%H
3PO
4Perhaps 35%KOH.
3, the preparation method of a kind of organic waste-gas adsorbant according to claim 2 is characterized in that: described 40%ZnCl
2And 35%H
2SO
4Volume ratio be 2: 1.
4, a kind of organic waste-gas adsorbant is prepared from by the described method of claim 1.
5, the application of the described a kind of organic waste-gas adsorbant of claim 4 in handling organic exhaust gas is characterized in that: with particle diameter is that the organic waste-gas adsorbant of 0.01～0.88mm is made the adsorbent bed that carbon layer is 800～1200mm; Organic exhaust gas is delivered to adsorbent bed by the blower fan supercharging after gas skirt is collected, finish gas-solid two and contact in adsorbent bed, arranges to atmosphere through purified gas.
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| CN101716491B (en) * | 2009-12-14 | 2012-02-15 | 昆明理工大学 | Method for preparing heavy metal adsorbent by carbonizing lakebed sludge |
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