CN104150974A - Soil conditioner for preventing and treating tobacco bacterial wilt and application thereof - Google Patents
Soil conditioner for preventing and treating tobacco bacterial wilt and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104150974A CN104150974A CN201310754777.2A CN201310754777A CN104150974A CN 104150974 A CN104150974 A CN 104150974A CN 201310754777 A CN201310754777 A CN 201310754777A CN 104150974 A CN104150974 A CN 104150974A
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- soil conditioner
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
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Abstract
The invention discloses a soil conditioner for preventing and treating tobacco bacterial wilt and an application thereof. The soil conditioner is prepared by the following processes: 1) drying residual activated sludge and then crushing the residual activated sludge by a screen, so as to obtain fine powder; and 2) compressing and pelletizing the fine powder obtained in the step 1), carrying out pyrolysis on the fine powder under an anoxic condition, and then cooling the fine powder, so as to obtain the soil conditioner. The soil conditioner for preventing and treating the tobacco bacterial wilt disclosed by the invention contains abundant activated carbon and mineral substances, the content of an organic matter of the soil can be replenished, the moisture and nutrients are effectively stored, the soil fertility is improved, the physical and chemical properties of the soil are improved by virtue of the soil conditioner, the fertilizer and nitrogen can be protected, crop growth is promoted, soil-borne diseases can be effectively prevented and treated, particularly, the tobacco bacterial wilt can be significantly prevented and treated, heavy metals can be passivated, plant nutrients can be replenished, the continuous cropping obstacle can be removed, the micro-ecological environment of the soil is regulated, the disease resistance of the crop can be improved, the problem of disposal of the residual activated sludge is solved, waste is changed into treasures, and the sludge resource is utilized to the maximal extent.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to soil conditioner technical field, be specifically related to a kind of soil conditioner of preventing and treating tobacco bacterial wilt, the soil conditioner that simultaneously also relates to this control tobacco bacterial wilt is in the application of preparing aspect environmental-protection adsorption material.
Background technology
Activated sludge process is the basic skills of sewage disposal, there is the advantages such as working cost is few, processing cost is low, good sewage processing effect, be applicable to the sewage disposal of big yield, high loading, be therefore widely used, especially municipal sewage treatment generally adopts activated sludge process.
Active sludge is made up of aerobic microbiological, has the ability of the dirty organic pollutants of Adsorption and decomposition, demonstrates chemical-biological activities.When Wastewater Treated by Activated Sludge Process sewage, these biofloculation bodies are suspended in sewage and form mixed solution, and the organism in sewage is fully contacted with active sludge microorganism.Deliquescent organism will be adsorbed by cell and absorb and enter in cellular plasm, under desmo enzyme effect, carry out oxygenolysis.After in sewage, suspended state and colloidal state organic pollutant are adsorbed, first under the effect of microbial cell exoenzyme, be decomposed into solvability low molecule organic matter, enter again cell interior, make organic substance decomposing, sewage is purified, simultaneously, new cellular material is constantly synthetic, and the quantity of active sludge also constantly increases.In service for maintaining sludge concentration suitable in aeration tank, in guarantee pond, the activity level of mud, inevitably arranges a part of active sludge outward, produces thus a considerable amount of residual active sludges.The residual active sludge producing in activated sludge process process of paper-making wastewater treatment is papermaking excess sludge, and its fibre content is high, is easy to dehydration, contains alkaline components, not containing heavy metal.
Residual active sludge is a kind ofly to have misplaced local resource, will cause serious secondary pollution if dealt with improperly, and therefore, a large problem that has become influence ecological environment is disposed in the processing of residual active sludge.At present, it is mainly the several methods such as landfill, compost and burning that residual active sludge is disposed, but this several method has shortcoming: landfill mud need to take a large amount of agricultural arable lands, causes the waste of land resources, and is easy to soil and groundwater to pollute; Biological compost facility investment volume is larger, and cost is high, is not suitable for applying; Not only investment is higher, working cost is high, causes the waste of resource, also can cause serious pollution to atmospheric environment simultaneously in burning.
Soil-borne disease refers to that pathogenic agent lives in soil with invalid body as fungi, bacterium, nematode and virus, the disease causing from crop root or stem's disoperation when condition is suitable.Black shank and bacterial wilt are that a class endangers serious soil-borne disease of tobacco, and they infect tobacco root conventionally, cause the disease of crop root and even complete stool, cause great financial loss.Phytopathologist thinks that these three of plant morbidity and host, pathogenic bacteria and environment are because have substantial connection, when pathogenic bacteria and susceptible host meet in adapt circumstance, plant just starts morbidity, if change or eradicate any one in this three, just can alleviate or control Plant diseases.
Existing soil conditioner is to be main raw material by agricultural water-loss reducer and the natural peat or other organism that are rich in organic matter, humic acids, be aided with bioactive ingredients and nutritive element composition, the product processing through scientific technology, has extremely significant water conservation, getting fat, ventilative three large soil conditioning performances; Nuisanceless, pollution-free, lifeless matter hormone, be different from various chemical fertilizer, agricultural chemicals, foliage fertilizer and bio-hormone, is the novel green production means of agroforestry plantation.But existing soil conditioner mainly focuses on physics, the chemical property of improving soil and the fertility that increases soil, can't meet people's user demand for the prevention effect of soil-borne disease.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of soil conditioner of preventing and treating tobacco bacterial wilt.
Second object of the present invention is to provide a kind of soil conditioner of preventing and treating tobacco bacterial wilt in the application of preparing aspect environmental-protection adsorption material.
In order to realize above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a kind of soil conditioner of preventing and treating tobacco bacterial wilt, prepared by following methods:
1) by after dehydrating residual active sludge, at 105～120 DEG C of dry 10～15h, pulverize and sieve net, obtain fine powder;
2) after step 1) gained fine powder compression is granulated, under anoxia condition, carry out pyrolysis, after be cooled to room temperature, to obtain final product.
Residual active sludge described in step 1) is the residual active sludge producing in activated sludge process process of paper-making wastewater treatment.
Screen cloth described in step 1) is 80～120 orders.
Step 2) described in compress granulation gained particle and be of a size of ￠ 3mm × 5mm～￠ 5mm × 8mm.
Step 2) described in the temperature of pyrolysis be 550～650 DEG C, pyrolysis time is 0.5～2h.
Step 2) described in the inflammable gas heating for pyrolytic process capable of circulation that produces in pyrolytic process.
A kind of soil conditioner of above-mentioned control tobacco bacterial wilt is in the application of preparing aspect environmental-protection adsorption material.
Described environmental-protection adsorption material is prepared through acidification by described soil conditioner.
Described acidified modified referring to soaked after 1～2h in diluted acid, is washed to neutrality and dries under 105～120 DEG C of conditions.
Described diluted acid is that concentration is sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid or the phosphoric acid of 1～3mol/L.
The soil conditioner of control tobacco bacterial wilt of the present invention, under anoxia condition, by Pintsch process, residual active sludge is changed into a kind of carbide, except containing abundant gac composition, also contain abundant mineral composition, as K, Ca, Mg, Si and trace element etc.; There is the feature of gac: flourishing pore texture and huge specific surface area, have enough chemical stabilities, physical strength, acid and alkali-resistance; Be rich in micropore, not only can supplement the organic content of soil, can also effectively preserve moisture and nutriment, increase soil fertility; Utilize this soil conditioner improvement soil physical and chemical property, can fertilizer conservation protect nitrogen, promote plant growth, can effectively prevent and treat again soil-borne disease, especially can significantly prevent and treat tobacco bacterial wilt; Can prevent and treat soil secondary salinization, heavy metal-passivated, supplementary plant nutrient, eliminate soil continuous cropping obstacle; Regulate soil microenvironment, improve the disease resistance of crop; Can improve vega soil, particularly acid soil by using this soil conditioner; The handling problems that has solved residual active sludge, turns waste into wealth, to greatest extent by recycling sludge utilization; Technique is simple, energy consumption is low, with low cost, performance long-term stability, is easy to suitability for industrialized production.
The soil conditioner of control tobacco bacterial wilt of the present invention is in the application of preparing aspect environmental-protection adsorption material, and the functional group on soil conditioner of the present invention surface mainly contains carboxyl, hydroxyl, amino, ether etc., advantages of good adsorption effect; Soil conditioner itself or process are processed, and can be widely used in drinking water deep processing, wastewater treatment, and the heavy metal ion in solution is had to very strong adsorptive power, successful in the time processing lead waste water, and processing rate approaches 100%; Be easy to separate and regeneration, strong compared with activated carbon adsorptive capacity to the absorption of the contents of many kinds of heavy metal ion such as lead, copper, the Nonrenewable resources such as feed coal and timber of having saved gac, have good economic benefit and environmental benefit.
The soil conditioner of control tobacco bacterial wilt of the present invention is in the time preparing environmental-protection adsorption material, and acidified modified rear effect strengthens; Can select according to purposes for acidified modified diluted acid, while only needing group active, can select hydrochloric acid, when needing group activity and retaining the elements such as calcium, can select sulfuric acid or phosphoric acid.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph of embodiment 1 gained soil conditioner;
Fig. 2 is the scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph of embodiment 2 resulting materials, and wherein a is embodiment 2 gained soil conditioners, and b is embodiment 2 gained environmental-protection adsorption materials;
Fig. 3 is the infrared spectrogram of experimental example 3, and wherein (a) is embodiment 1 gained soil conditioner, is (b) embodiment 2 gained environmental-protection adsorption materials, is (c) absorption Pb(II) after environmental-protection adsorption material.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated.
Embodiment 1
The soil conditioner of the control tobacco bacterial wilt of the present embodiment, prepared by following methods:
1) activated sludge process paper waste is processed after the papermaking dehydrating residual active sludge producing, at 120 DEG C of dry 10h, pulverized 120 object screen clothes, obtain fine powder;
2) step 1) gained fine powder compression is granulated after (￠ 5mm × 8mm), under anoxia condition, carries out 600 DEG C of pyrolysis 1h, after be cooled to room temperature, obtain the soil conditioner of described control tobacco bacterial wilt.
The present embodiment gained soil conditioner is black particle, as shown in Figure 1.
The soil conditioner of the present embodiment gained control tobacco bacterial wilt, can improve the plant nutrient such as soil physical and chemical property, heavy metal-passivated, supplementary soil Ca, Mg, eliminate soil continuous cropping obstacle, suppresses soil-borne disease and occurs.
Embodiment 2
The soil conditioner of the control tobacco bacterial wilt of the present embodiment, prepared by following methods:
1) activated sludge process paper waste is processed after the papermaking dehydrating residual active sludge producing, at 110 DEG C of dry 12h, pulverized 120 object screen clothes, obtain fine powder;
2) step 1) gained fine powder compression is granulated after (￠ 5mm × 8mm), under anoxia condition, carries out 600 DEG C of pyrolysis 1h, after be cooled to room temperature, obtain the soil conditioner of described control tobacco bacterial wilt.
It is in the sulfuric acid of 3mol/L that gained soil conditioner is added to concentration, puts into shaking table vibration 2h, and the rotating speed of shaking table is 120r/min, washes with water to neutrality, and dries under 120 DEG C of conditions, obtains environmental-protection adsorption material.
The environmental-protection adsorption material that adopts the present embodiment gained soil conditioner to prepare, advantages of good adsorption effect, can be widely used in drinking water deep processing, wastewater treatment, and the heavy metal ion in solution is had to very strong adsorptive power, successful in the time processing lead waste water, processing rate approaches 100%; Be easy to separate and regeneration, strong compared with activated carbon adsorptive capacity to the absorption of contents of many kinds of heavy metal ion.
Embodiment 3
The soil conditioner of the control tobacco bacterial wilt of the present embodiment, prepared by following methods:
1) by after dehydrating residual active sludge, at 105 DEG C of dry 15h, pulverized 120 object screen clothes, obtain fine powder;
2) step 1) gained fine powder compression is granulated after (￠ 3mm × 5mm), under anoxia condition, carries out 650 DEG C of pyrolysis 0.5h, after be cooled to room temperature, to obtain final product.
Embodiment 4
The soil conditioner of the control tobacco bacterial wilt of the present embodiment, prepared by following methods:
1) activated sludge process paper waste is processed after the papermaking dehydrating residual active sludge producing, at 115 DEG C of dry 13h, pulverized 80 object screen clothes, obtain fine powder;
2) step 1) gained fine powder compression is granulated after (￠ 5mm × 8mm), under anoxia condition, carries out 550 DEG C of pyrolysis 2h, after be cooled to room temperature, to obtain final product.
Experimental example 1
This experimental example is measured the surperficial appearance of embodiment 2 gained soil conditioners and environmental-protection adsorption material by scanning electronic microscope (SEM JSM-7500Japan), the surface tissue of acidified modified front and back is studied.Scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph as shown in Figure 2.
Can be found out by Fig. 2-a, embodiment 2 gained soil conditioner surfaces are relatively smooth, and concave-convex surface phenomenon is not obvious, has reunion bead phenomenon; (as Fig. 2-b), surfaceness obviously increases, surface presents irregular hole to the environmental-protection adsorption material of gained after acidified modified, in picturesque disorder, similar coralliform.This surface tissue is to cause greatly hole become large or after acidifying, generate functional group because Kong Bian great, density after high-temperature activation become, and the formation in this hole has increased the specific surface area in hole, has improved absorption property.
Experimental example 2
This experimental example detects the effect of embodiment 1 gained soil conditioner, and this detection is for southern acid soil.
In Fujian and two places, Sichuan different soils, use embodiment 1 gained soil conditioner.Choose that physical features is smooth, fertility relatively evenly, former years bacterial wilt fall ill serious plot as experimental plot, test adopts random alignment, and 4 processing are set altogether, repeat for 3 times, Gong12Ge community, 250 strains are planted in every community, plant spacing is 1100 plants/acre, seeding row spacing 50 × 120cm.It is 9.09kg/667m that vega is used pure nitrogen level
2, NPK ratio is 1:0.8:2.7, field management is undertaken by local High Quality Tobacco production technology regulation.
Each processing specifically arranges as follows:
T1 processes (CK): contrast (local conventional fertilizer application and management, only execute special tobacco fertilizer, chemical fertilizer, fertilizer etc., do not execute biological organic fertilizer);
T2 processes: soil conditioner (embodiment 1 gained soil conditioner, 100kg/ mu);
T3 processes: soil conditioner+biological organic fertilizer (using on the basis of embodiment 1 gained soil conditioner, 100kg/ mu, removing fertilizer, using biological organic fertilizer, the same fertilizer of amount of application).
Test-results is as shown in table 1～4.From economical character (table 1) and biomass (table 2), use soil conditioner and can improve tobacco leaf growth traits and improve the fresh and dried ratio of tobacco leaf, and and biological organic fertilizer acting in conjunction effect more obvious.Soil conditioner on flue-cured tobacco disease-resistant to affect situation as shown in table 3, soil conditioner has significant effect to preventing and treating tobacco mosaic disease, bacterial wilt, balck shank and red-star like disease.As shown in table 4, soil conditioner has improved Soil Micro-environment, and fertilizer conservation is protected nitrogen, makes cigarette strain growth traits good, improves disease resistance, thereby improves quality of tobacco and flue cured tobacco quality.
The economical character of table 1 different treatment flue-cured tobacco
The each biomass estimation of processing of table 2
A situation arises for the each processing of table 3 disease
The each economic characters of processing of table 4 contrast
Note: tobacco price calculates by " National Development and Reform Commission, State Tobacco Monopoly Bureau are about the notice of purchasing price of leaf tobacco policy in 2012 ".
Experimental example 3
This experimental example detects as the effect of heavy metal absorbent the environmental-protection adsorption material of embodiment 1 gained soil conditioner, embodiment 2 gained, investigates its absorption property to copper-containing wastewater and lead waste water.
Copper-containing wastewater experiment is processed: wherein Cu(II) content be 80mg/L.By the each 10mg of environmental-protection adsorption material of embodiment 1 gained soil conditioner, embodiment 2 gained, be added to respectively in 50ml copper-containing wastewater, after room temperature (25 DEG C) oscillation treatment 3h, detect Cu(II) residual quantity and calculate clearance, result is as shown in table 5.
The adsorption effect of the environmental-protection adsorption material of table 5 embodiment 1 gained soil conditioner, embodiment 2 gained to Cu in waste water
To lead waste water experimental technique: Pb(II in lead waste water) starting point concentration be 90mg/L, get the each 10mg of environmental-protection adsorption material of embodiment 1 gained soil conditioner, embodiment 2 gained, be added to respectively in 50ml lead waste water, under room temperature (25 DEG C) condition after oscillation treatment 4h, detect Pb(II) residual quantity and calculate clearance.Result is as shown in table 6.
The adsorption effect of the environmental-protection adsorption material of table 6 embodiment 1 gained soil conditioner, embodiment 2 gained to Pb In Exhausted Water
Environmental-protection adsorption material (embodiment 2) after utilizing WQF-510 Fourier transformation infrared spectrometer to environmental-protection adsorption material and the Adsorption of Lead of embodiment 1 gained soil conditioner, embodiment 2 gained carries out the mensuration of infrared spectra, draws the functional group and the adsorptivity thereof that in each material, exist.Its scanning result as shown in Figure 3.As can be seen from Figure 3, embodiment 2 gained environmental-protection adsorption materials are respectively at 602.17cm
-1, 666.71cm
-1, 795.79cm
-1, 1643.42cm
-1, 3571.02cm
-1, 3616.57cm
-1there are the generation at new peak, the be respectively-OH of corresponding group of these peak places ,-OH ,-NH in place
2,-COOH ,-OH ,-OH, prove after sulfuric acid activation increased-OH of environmental-protection adsorption material ,-NH
2the absorption peak of ,-COOH, has illustrated-OH ,-NH
2the existence of ,-COOH group, when environmental-protection adsorption material absorption is containing Pb(II) after solution, generate through acidifying-OH ,-NH
2,-COOH group or disappearance or peak narrows, this explanation-OH ,-COOH ,-NH
2group and Pb(II) there is effective chemical reaction.
Claims (10)
1. a soil conditioner of preventing and treating tobacco bacterial wilt, is characterized in that: prepared by following methods:
1) by after dehydrating residual active sludge, at 105～120 DEG C of dry 10～15h, pulverize and sieve net, obtain fine powder;
2) after step 1) gained fine powder compression is granulated, under anoxia condition, carry out pyrolysis, after be cooled to room temperature, to obtain final product.
2. the soil conditioner of control tobacco bacterial wilt according to claim 1, is characterized in that: residual active sludge described in step 1) is the residual active sludge producing in activated sludge process process of paper-making wastewater treatment.
3. the soil conditioner of control tobacco bacterial wilt according to claim 1, is characterized in that: screen cloth described in step 1) is 80～120 orders.
4. the soil conditioner of control tobacco bacterial wilt according to claim 1, is characterized in that: step 2) described in compress granulation gained particle and be of a size of ￠ 3mm × 5mm～￠ 5mm × 8mm.
5. the soil conditioner of control tobacco bacterial wilt according to claim 1, is characterized in that: step 2) described in the temperature of pyrolysis be 550～650 DEG C, pyrolysis time is 0.5～2h.
6. the soil conditioner of control tobacco bacterial wilt according to claim 1, is characterized in that: step 2) described in the inflammable gas heating for pyrolytic process capable of circulation that produces in pyrolytic process.
7. the soil conditioner of a control tobacco bacterial wilt as claimed in claim 1 is in the application of preparing aspect environmental-protection adsorption material.
8. application according to claim 7, is characterized in that: described environmental-protection adsorption material is prepared through acidification by described soil conditioner.
9. application according to claim 8, is characterized in that: described acidified modified referring to soaked after 1～2h in diluted acid, is washed to neutrality and dries under 105～120 DEG C of conditions.
10. application according to claim 9, is characterized in that: described diluted acid is that concentration is sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid or the phosphoric acid of 1～3mol/L.
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| CN105925270A (en) * | 2016-05-03 | 2016-09-07 | 内蒙古科技大学 | Soil conditioner for improving saline-alkali land fertility, and application thereof |
| CN108341717A (en) * | 2018-03-30 | 2018-07-31 | 广东省农业科学院作物研究所 | A kind of promoting root growth diseases prevention tobacco special nutritional conditioner and preparation method thereof |
| CN109400389A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-03-01 | 云南农业大学 | A kind of soil conditioner that preventing and treating tobacco bacterial wilt and preparation method and application |
| CN113955908A (en) * | 2021-09-17 | 2022-01-21 | 肖进彬 | Oil-containing resource treatment method |
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Cited By (5)
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| CN105925270A (en) * | 2016-05-03 | 2016-09-07 | 内蒙古科技大学 | Soil conditioner for improving saline-alkali land fertility, and application thereof |
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| CN113955908A (en) * | 2021-09-17 | 2022-01-21 | 肖进彬 | Oil-containing resource treatment method |
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