CN104138627A - 自我注射器 - Google Patents

自我注射器 Download PDF

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CN104138627A
CN104138627A CN201410367464.6A CN201410367464A CN104138627A CN 104138627 A CN104138627 A CN 104138627A CN 201410367464 A CN201410367464 A CN 201410367464A CN 104138627 A CN104138627 A CN 104138627A
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syringe
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CN104138627B (zh
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史蒂文·马克·盖·罗夫
马克斯·罗兰·艾伦
杰里米·马歇尔
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Owen Mumford Ltd
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/24—Ampoule syringes, i.e. syringes with needle for use in combination with replaceable ampoules or carpules, e.g. automatic
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/20—Automatic syringes, e.g. with automatically actuated piston rod, with automatic needle injection, filling automatically
    • A61M5/2033—Spring-loaded one-shot injectors with or without automatic needle insertion
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/31—Details
    • A61M5/32—Needles; Details of needles pertaining to their connection with syringe or hub; Accessories for bringing the needle into, or holding the needle on, the body; Devices for protection of needles
    • A61M5/3205—Apparatus for removing or disposing of used needles or syringes, e.g. containers; Means for protection against accidental injuries from used needles
    • A61M5/321—Means for protection against accidental injuries by used needles
    • A61M5/3243—Means for protection against accidental injuries by used needles being axially-extensible, e.g. protective sleeves coaxially slidable on the syringe barrel
    • A61M5/326—Fully automatic sleeve extension, i.e. in which triggering of the sleeve does not require a deliberate action by the user
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/20—Automatic syringes, e.g. with automatically actuated piston rod, with automatic needle injection, filling automatically
    • A61M2005/206—With automatic needle insertion
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/24—Ampoule syringes, i.e. syringes with needle for use in combination with replaceable ampoules or carpules, e.g. automatic
    • A61M2005/2403—Ampoule inserted into the ampoule holder
    • A61M2005/2407—Ampoule inserted into the ampoule holder from the rear
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/24—Ampoule syringes, i.e. syringes with needle for use in combination with replaceable ampoules or carpules, e.g. automatic
    • A61M2005/2485—Ampoule holder connected to rest of syringe
    • A61M2005/2488—Ampoule holder connected to rest of syringe via rotation, e.g. threads or bayonet
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/31—Details
    • A61M5/32—Needles; Details of needles pertaining to their connection with syringe or hub; Accessories for bringing the needle into, or holding the needle on, the body; Devices for protection of needles
    • A61M5/3205—Apparatus for removing or disposing of used needles or syringes, e.g. containers; Means for protection against accidental injuries from used needles
    • A61M5/321—Means for protection against accidental injuries by used needles
    • A61M5/3243—Means for protection against accidental injuries by used needles being axially-extensible, e.g. protective sleeves coaxially slidable on the syringe barrel
    • A61M5/3245—Constructional features thereof, e.g. to improve manipulation or functioning
    • A61M2005/3247—Means to impede repositioning of protection sleeve from needle covering to needle uncovering position

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Infusion, Injection, And Reservoir Apparatuses (AREA)

Abstract

一种自我注射器，包括能够分离的前壳体部(10)和后壳体部(12)。前壳体部(10)和后壳体部(12)由诸如卡口式接合的旋转接合动作部分连接，并且相对旋转动作将注射针护罩(20)从锁定位置转动至打开位置，在所述锁定位置，注射针护罩(20)即克服纵向运动被锁定而且又用作遮蔽注射管的容纳物的遮挡装置，在打开位置，注射管的容纳物是可见的并且护罩部自由地纵向运动。将后部(12)连接和固定在前部(11)上因此解锁注射针护罩(20)用于操作。在完成注射时，前部和后部的不接合将注射针护罩(20)返回至其锁定位置，从而能够安全地处置前部。

Description

自我注射器
本申请是申请人欧文蒙福德有限公司的申请号200980152737.2的发明名称为自我注射器的专利申请的分案申请。
技术领域
本发明涉及自我注射器(autoinjector)，且特别地但不排除地，涉及包括可以分开以允许注射管的插入和撤回的可分离的前、后壳体部分的自我注射器。
背景技术
在这种装置中，需要确保在该装置在使用前和使用后都保持安全，特别是在前壳体包含注射管并且已经从后壳体上分离时。
发明内容
因此，在一个方面中，本发明提供了一种自我注射器，包括通过接合动作部分可连接和可分开的分离的前壳体部和后壳体部，后壳体部包含驱动机构，前壳体部在使用中适于容纳具有注射针的注射管，前壳体部包括在伸出位置和缩回位置之间可移动的注射针护罩部，在伸出位置，注射针护罩部在使用中屏蔽所述注射管注射针，在缩回位置，注射针能够露出，该自我注射器还包括锁定配置，该锁定配置有效地抵抗缩回运动锁定所述护罩，并且该锁定配置在所述壳体部被连接时被解锁，且在所述壳体部分开时被锁定。
因此，在该配置中，当所述壳体部被连接和分开时，在接合动作部分和其反向操作期间或作为接合动作部分和其反向操作的结果，注射针护罩被自动锁定和解锁，以确保一旦前壳体已经被分离，则锁定所述护罩。
所述护罩优选由包括分别设置在注射针护罩部和前壳体部上的互补锁定表面的锁定配置锁定。虽然我们不排除线性锁定配置的可能性，但优选地，通过采用相对角运动锁定所述护罩。在优选配置中，所述互补表面包括位于所述前壳体部上的内凸起部和位于所述护罩部上的互补槽，所述槽具有对应于锁定状态的后部圆周部和从后部圆周部向前延伸的允许注射针护罩的相对纵向运动的轴向部。相反的配置也是可行的。
其中接合前壳体和后壳体的动作会影响注射针护罩部的解锁的方式有多种。例如，在前壳体部和后壳体部由旋转接合动作部分(如，卡口式接合)连接的情况中，所述注射针护罩可以具有后部连接接口，该后部连接接口由所述后壳体部上的互补前部互连接口接合，从而接合所述前壳体部和后壳体部引起所述注射针护罩旋转以解锁所述注射针护罩。所述前部连接接口和后部连接接口可以包括纵向可接合的非圆形公插头部和母插孔部。
多种药物的功效或贮藏寿命可能由于长时间的曝光而退化。而且，用户希望在进行注射之前能够肉眼检查注射管中的药物的状态，并且还希望检查以看到药物实际上已经被分配。因此，在优选实施方式中，该自我注射器被设计为使得，在使用中，当注射针护罩位于解锁位置时，通过前壳体部、注射针护罩和注射管支座中的两个或更多个中的对准孔能够看见注射管的筒，当所述护罩被锁定时，所述孔移动成不对准，因此注射管不再可见，且药物不再被曝光。
在另一个方面中，本发明提供了一种自我注射器，包括通过接合动作部分可连接和可分开的分离的前壳体部和后壳体部，后壳体部结合驱动机构，前壳体部在使用中适于容纳具有注射针的注射管，并且还具有观察窗口，通过该观察窗口能够观察注射管的容纳物，该前壳体部包括在打开位置和闭合位置之间可移动的遮挡配置，该遮挡配置在所述壳体部被连接时打开，并且在所述壳体部分开时闭合。
虽然上文已经描述了本发明，但它扩展至在上文或在接下来的描述中提出的特征的任何创造性的组合。
附图说明
可以以多种方式进行本发明，现在将参照附图，仅以举例的方式描述其实施方式，在附图中：
图1为穿过本发明的处于初始、锁定位置的自我注射器的水平剖面图；
图2为前壳体中的元件的分解图；
图3为从前方看的前外壳的下半部的水平剖面图；
图4为从后方看的注射针护罩的透视图；
图5为从后方看的注射管壳体的透视图；
图6为向后看的喷射体的水平剖面图；
图7为活塞的透视图；
图8为组装之前的前壳体部和后壳体部的透视图；
图9示出了前壳体部和后壳体部的协同接合部件；
图10为协同接合部件的详图；
图11(a)和(b)分别为注射针护罩与处于锁定和解锁位置的外壳之间的锁定配置的详图；
图12(a)和12(b)为穿过本发明的处于锁定、初始位置的自我注射器的垂直视图和水平视图，和
图13(a)，(b)和(c)分别示出了在注射针护罩仍然缩回的状态下、在注射针护罩伸展状态下、以及在前壳体部和后壳体部分离且护罩向前锁定的状态下处于其喷射位置的自我注射器。
具体实施方式
附图中图示的自我注射器包括分别可分离的前壳体部10和后壳体部12。壳体部10、12由位于它们的界面处的下文将描述的卡口式接合器连接。参照图2，前壳体部10由前外壳14构成，前外壳14在其后端处具有T-形卡口槽16，在其侧面中具有一对细长窗口18。可伸缩地容纳在前外壳14内的是具有凸起弹簧座22的注射针护罩20，凸起弹簧座22与前外壳内的压缩弹簧24协作以向前推动注射针护罩。注射针护罩20在其前端处具有圆周槽26，圆周槽26的相对端部直径地通向相对的轴向槽28。轴向槽与前外壳14的前内侧上的内凸销30(参见图3)协作，以限定注射针护罩20的前向运动。当注射针护罩20和前外壳14有角度地设置在其中销30位于圆周槽26中位置中时，二者的轴向运动被锁止。但当销30位于任一个轴向槽28中时，注射针护罩可以缩回外壳14中。注射针护罩20还具有沿着其侧面的一对细长窗口32。
可伸缩地容纳在注射针护罩20内的是注射管支座34，其具有三个向外弹出的导向突出部36，导向突出部36在注射针护罩20的内面中的环形空间38中延伸，以限制注射管支座34相对于注射针护罩的相对运动。注射针护罩沿着其侧面还具有一对细长窗口42。压缩弹簧40相对于注射针护罩将注射管支座34推动至缩回位置。当被压靠在注射部位上时，注射管支座34和注射针护罩20可以反抗弹簧24的作用在前外壳14内一起向后移动。
如图4所示，注射针护罩20的后端形成有六角驱动插孔44。
后壳体部12包括喷射体46，其具有由在喷射体46后端上的压缩弹簧50弹性加载的启动按钮48。启动按钮48可以被向前按压，以在推动启动按钮时释放活塞54后部上的分裂箭头式闭锁配置52，使得活塞54可以在主驱动弹簧(未示出)的作用下向前移动，以接合注射管的大致在59处指示的塞子56。喷射体在图6中的截面中图示，并具有六角形外形的中空杆58，其被设计为与注射针护罩上的六角形插孔44紧配合。喷射体还具有与前外壳14上的卡口槽16协作的卡口销60。
卡口式接合器设计为使得，当前壳体部和后壳体部组装在一起时，卡口销60必须与卡口槽16的轴向部分对准，因此在六角形杆58进入插孔44之前有角度地对准前部和后部。这确保在组装前部和后部时二者总是正确地对准。
在如图8中看到的装置的操作中，前壳体部10和后壳体部12不接合，并且注射管59插入注射管支座34。向上提供后壳体部12至前壳体部10，并且卡口销60进入卡口槽16的轴向部分。随后一起推动前壳体部和后壳体部，使得销16依靠在卡口槽16的轴向部分上。当如此做时，如上所述，六角形杆58进入六角形插孔44。随后后部12相对于前部扭转，以确保与前壳体部进行卡口式连接，并且这种转动通过六角形杆58和六角形插孔44转移至注射针护罩22。这引起注射针护罩旋转，使得在卡口销60到达其位于卡口槽16的圆周部分的末端处的完全固定位置时，轴向槽28变为与销30对准。在该位置中，注射针护罩现在能够缩回运动，销30沿着轴向槽28走。而且，在解锁位置，注射针护罩20上的孔32现在分别与注射管支座和前外壳14上的对准孔42和18对准，如在图13(a)和(b)的左手部分中看到的那样，并且因此可以看到注射管容纳物。
将该装置供给至皮肤，并将它推靠在注射部位上，使得注射针护罩20和包含注射管的注射管支座34缩回到外壳中。随后通过按压启动按钮48启动该装置，这种按压释放活塞54，以最初接合塞子，从而抵抗弹簧40的偏压相对于注射针护罩20驱动注射管和注射管支座34，直到注射管支座到达其最前面的位置，使得注射针60进入肌肉组织。随后，活塞的继续向前运动驱动塞子通过注射针排出药剂(图13(a))。在注射完成之后，用户可以经由通过对准的窗口18、32和42肉眼检查注射管确认这种完成。随后从注射部位移除该装置，并且弹簧24和40将注射针护罩20推动至最前面的位置，在那里销30与圆周槽26平齐(图13(b))。
随后通过解开卡口式连接拆开该装置。如前所述，旋转从六角形杆58传递，并通过插孔44传递，以将注射针护罩向回旋转至其初始位置。随后它再次用作窗口18和42与位于圆周槽26中的销30之间的遮挡装置，从而抵抗缩回运动锁定护罩(图13(c))。因此，使前部安全，用于处置。

Claims (5)

1.一种自我注射器，包括通过接合动作部分(16，60)可连接和可分开的分离的前壳体部(10)和后壳体部(12)，后壳体部结合驱动机构(54)，前壳体部在使用中适于容纳具有注射针(60)的注射管(58)，并且还具有观察窗口(18)，通过所述观察窗口能够观察注射管的容纳物，所述前壳体部包括能够在打开位置和闭合位置之间移动的遮挡配置(20)，所述遮挡配置在所述壳体部被连接时打开，并且在所述壳体部分开时闭合。
2.根据权利要求1所述的自我注射器，其中所述遮挡配置由相对角运动打开和闭合。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的自我注射器，其中所述前壳体部和后壳体部由旋转接合动作部分连接，并且所述遮挡配置(20)具有后部连接接口(44)，所述后部连接接口由所述后壳体部上的互补前部连接接口(58)接合，由此结合所述前壳体部和后壳体部引起所述遮挡配置(20)旋转以打开所述遮挡配置(20)。
4.根据权利要求3所述的自我注射器，其中所述前部连接接口和后部连接接口包括纵向能够接合的非圆形公插头部(58)和母插孔部(44)。
5.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的自我注射器，其中在使用中，当遮挡配置(20)位于打开位置时，通过壳体(44)、遮挡配置(20)和注射管支座(34)中的两个或更多个中的对准孔(18，32，42)能够看见注射管的筒，当所述遮挡配置闭合时，所述孔中的至少一个移动成不对准以使注射管不再能够被看见。
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