CN108367126B - 安全针头 - Google Patents

安全针头 Download PDF

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CN108367126B
CN108367126B CN201680072602.5A CN201680072602A CN108367126B CN 108367126 B CN108367126 B CN 108367126B CN 201680072602 A CN201680072602 A CN 201680072602A CN 108367126 B CN108367126 B CN 108367126B
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needle
sheath
rear end
safety
shell
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CN108367126A (zh
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叶进民
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CC Biotechnology Corp
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Abstract

一种安全针头(10)，其包含针头座(30)、刺针(40)与安全护盖(50)，刺针(40)插接于针头座(30)的刺针结合部(31)前端，安全护盖(50)组设于该针头座(30)前端，安全护盖(50)的刺针护套(51)结合弹性体(52)设于针头座(30)内，刺针护套(51)套设于刺针(40)外侧，刺针护套(51)后端的导块(512)伸入针头座(30)的外壳部(33)的锁定导槽(333)中，安全针头(10)用于连接一针筒(20)前端，安全护盖(50)的刺针护套(51)与外护壳(53)双重罩设于刺针(40)外侧，外护壳(53)后端抵靠于针头座(30)的外壳部(33)前端限位，使刺针(40)无插出的可能性，并须先扯断外护壳(53)取下，刺针护套(51)缩入针头座(30)中才能注射，注射后，刺针护套(51)能被弹出而套设于刺针(40)外侧，刺针护套(51)的导块(512)沿着锁定导槽(333)移至锁定凹部(337)中锁定，而无法再使用，由此区别该安全针头(10)已使用过。

Description

安全针头
技术领域
本发明涉及一种针头，尤指一种用于连接针筒作用注射用途的安全针头。
背景技术
为了降低医护人员被针扎而遭受感染的风险，有赖于安全针头的使用。现有针头的组成构造，主要是包含一刺针与一刺针外护套，该刺针外护套并套设于该刺针的外侧。该安全针头于使用时，是以刺针一端的连接部套接于针筒前端，未注射时，刺针外护套套设于刺针外侧，防止刺针插出。
但是前述针头虽利用套设于刺针外侧的刺针外护套提供安全防护，然而，刺针外护套难以在针头运送或操作途中防止刺针插出的可能性。再者，针头使用前后，其外观难以区别是否已使用过，造成医护人员有误用已使用针头的可能性。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是：提供一种安全针头，解决现有安全针头在运送或操作途中难以完全防止刺针插出的可能性，以及难以区别安全针头是否已使用过等问题。
本发明所提出的技术解决方案是：提供一种安全针头，其包含：
一针头座，其包含一刺针结合部、一针筒组接部以及一外壳部，该刺针结合部中具有一刺针插接孔，该针筒组接部形成于该刺针结合部后端，该针筒组接部中形成连通刺针插接孔的一针筒结合孔，该外壳部形成于该刺针结合部外侧，该外壳部与该刺针结合部之间具有一活动空间，该外壳部前端形成一开口，该外壳部后端形成一抵接部且连接该刺针结合部后端，该外壳部的周壁形成至少一锁定导槽，所述锁定导槽包含一直槽段、一导引槽段以及一锁定槽段，该直槽段沿着该外壳部轴向延伸，该锁定槽段与该导引槽段分别设置于该外壳部前端两侧，该锁定槽段后端在前、该导引槽段后端在后且分别连接于该直槽段前端，该锁定槽段远离该直槽段的末端形成一锁定凹部，该锁定槽段的前端槽壁为一自该直槽段前端朝该锁定凹部方向倾斜的斜向槽壁，该导引槽段与该锁定槽段的斜向槽壁形成相反斜向，该直槽段的宽度方向的两侧壁分别相对于该导引槽段与该锁定凹部的位置，且该斜向槽壁连接该导引槽段邻近该斜向槽壁的一侧壁的位置位于该直槽段邻近该导引槽段的一侧侧壁的前方，该直槽段的另一侧壁邻接该锁定凹部的部位具有一导斜面；
一刺针，是插设于该刺针结合部的刺针插接孔中，且该刺针伸出该针头座的外壳部前端外侧，该刺针中具有一针孔并连通该针筒组接部的针筒结合孔；以及
一安全护盖，是组接该针头座的前端，该安全护盖包含一刺针护套、一弹性体以及一外护壳，该刺针护套中形成一轴向贯通的贯孔，该刺针护套后端外周面形成至少一导块，该弹性体前端连接该刺针护套后端，该外护壳一体成形于该刺针护套外侧，且该外护壳能自该刺针护套上扯断拆离，该刺针护套前端位于该外护壳内部，该刺针护套具有导块的后端伸出该外护壳后端外侧，且该外护壳后端至该刺针护套的导块之间具有一间距，该安全护盖的弹性体伸入该针头座的活动空间中且套设于该刺针结合部外侧，该弹性体后端连接该外壳部的抵接部，该刺针护套后端套设于该刺针结合部外侧，该刺针护套具有导块的后端位于该外壳部内，所述导块位于所述锁定导槽中，该外护壳后端能接触针头座的外壳部前端，设于该针头座前端的该刺针被罩盖于该外护壳与该刺针护套的内部。
如上所述的安全针头中，该外壳部的周壁具有二个形成径向对应的锁定导槽，该刺针护套后端外周面形成二个径向对应的导块，该二导块分别伸入该二锁定导槽中。
如上所述的安全针头中，该针头座的针筒组接部具有一套管部，以及成形于该套管部后端形成径向对应的二螺接凸块。
如上所述的安全针头中，该外护壳后端形成多个连接部，该多个连接部一体成形于该刺针护套的外周面，且所述连接部的厚度是朝刺针护套方向递减。
如上所述的安全针头中，该弹性体一体成形于该刺针护套的后端，所述弹性体包含一条螺旋弹性条或多条螺旋弹性条，该多条螺旋弹性条的后端共同连接一环圈。
本发明可达成的有益功效如下：
1.该安全针头的刺针护套后端的导块位于外壳部的锁定导槽的导引槽段前端的起始位置，外护壳后端抵靠于针头座的外壳部前端定位，使得刺针护套被限位固定于外护壳内，刺针被罩盖于刺针护套内。由此，在运送与注射前的操作过程中，用以防止刺针插出的可能性，并据以区别该安全针头未使用过。
2.于注射前，使用者须先扯断位于刺针护套外侧的外护壳并加以拆离后，再由使用者将连接针筒的安全针头的刺针护套前端伸向被注射者预定注射部位，于此途中，刺针护套仍将刺针罩盖于内，提供优异安全性的保护机制。
3.待针筒内的注射药剂注入被注射者体内后，后拉针筒，并连同刺针自被注射者的身体抽离的过程中，刺针护套通过弹性体提供弹力而自外壳部前端弹出，使刺针被罩盖于刺针护套内部，在刺针护套受弹性体弹力朝前推顶运动时，通过刺针护套后端的导块沿着外壳部的锁定导槽自直槽段朝前移动并受锁定槽段前端的斜向槽壁导引而进入锁定凹部处锁定，被锁定的刺针护套无法再退缩至针头座的外壳部内，确保刺针被罩盖于刺针护套内部，该安全针头无法再被使用，且据以区别该安全针头已被使用过。
本发明安全针头还可进一步令该外护壳后端形成多个连接部，该多个连接部一体成形于该刺针护套的外周面，且所述连接部的厚度是朝刺针护套方向递减。由此，使外护壳能以旋转扯断方式自刺针护套上拆离。
本发明安全针头还可进一步令该针头座的针筒组接部具有一套管部，以及成形于该套管部后端形成径向对应的二螺接凸块，藉以结合螺接套环锁固于针筒上。
本发明安全针头还可进一步令该安全护盖的弹性体一体成形于刺针护套后端，所述弹性体具有一条或多条螺旋弹性条，如此，使该安全护盖可以结合高耐药性、高生物相容性、高刚性高挠性材料的应用而加以实现，并使安全针头的组装具备简便性。
本发明安全针头还可进一步令该外壳部的周壁具有二个形成径向对应的锁定导槽，该刺针护套后端外周面形成两个径向对应的导块，该二导块分别伸入该二锁定导槽中。如此，使针头护盖于针头座中运动时具有较佳的平稳性。
附图说明
图1是本发明安全针头的一较佳实施例的立体外观示意图。
图2是图1所示安全针头较佳实施例的剖面示意图。
图3是图1所示安全针头较佳实施例的立体分解示意图。
图4是图1所示安全针头较佳实施例另一观视角度的立体分解示意图。
图5是图1所示安全针头较佳实施例结合螺接套环锁固于针筒上的立体示意图。
图6是图1所示安全针头较佳实施例结合螺接套环锁固于针筒上的侧视剖面示意图。
图7是图6所示组接针筒的安全针头于外护壳旋转扯断，与刺针护套脱离的平面示意图。
图8是图7所示组接针筒的安全针头取下外护壳后的立体示意图。
图9是图8所示安全针头的刺针刺入被注射者体内，以及按压针筒推杆注射药剂的剖面示意图。
图10是图8所示安全针头的刺针刺入被注射者体内，以及按压针筒推杆注射药剂的侧视平面示意图。
图11是图9、图10所示安全针头的刺针自被注射者体内抽出后，刺针护套通过弹性体自外壳部前端弹出后的平面示意图。
图12是图11的前视平面示意图。
图13是图12所示剖面线A-A位置的剖面示意图。
附图标记说明：
10安全针头
20针筒 21筒体
22推杆 23螺接套环
30针头座 300活动空间
31刺针结合部 311刺针插接孔
32针筒组接部 321针筒结合孔
322套管部 323螺接凸块
33外壳部 331开口
332抵接部 333锁定导槽
334直槽段 3341侧壁
3342侧壁 3343导斜面
335导引槽段 336锁定槽段
337锁定凹部 338斜向槽壁
40刺针
50安全护盖 51刺针护套
511贯孔 512导块
52弹性体 521螺旋弹性条
522环圈
53外护壳 531连接部
D间距
具体实施方式
以下配合附图及本发明的较佳实施例，进一步阐述本发明为达成预定发明目的所采取的技术手段。
如图1及图2所示，揭示本发明安全针头10的一较佳实施例，该安全针头10是用以连接在一针筒的前端。该安全针头10包含：一针头座30、一刺针40以及一安全护盖50。
如图1至图4所示，该针头座30包含一刺针结合部31、一针筒组接部32以及一外壳部33，该刺针结合部31中具有一刺针插接孔311，该针筒组接部32形成于该刺针结合部31后端，该针筒组接部32中形成一针筒结合孔321，该针筒结合孔321连通该刺针结合部31的刺针插接孔311后端，针筒结合孔321直径大于刺针插接孔311直径，该外壳部33是形成于刺针结合部31外侧，外壳部33与刺针结合部31之间具有一活动空间300，且外壳部33前端形成一开口331，外壳部33后端形成一抵接部332，该抵接部332连接该刺针结合部31后端。
如图1至图4所示，该外壳部33的周壁还形成一个或多个锁定导槽333，于本较佳实施例中，该外壳部33具有二个锁定导槽333，该二锁定导槽333位于外壳部33周壁形成径向对应。所述锁定导槽333包含一直槽段334、一导引槽段335以及一锁定槽段336。所述直槽段334是大致上沿着外壳部33的轴向延伸，该锁定槽段336与导引槽段335是设置于外壳部33前端两侧，且锁定槽段336后端在前、导引槽段335后端在后的分别连接于直槽段334前端，锁定槽段336远离直槽段334的一端形成一锁定凹部337，锁定槽段336前端槽壁为一自直槽段334前端朝该锁定凹部337方向倾斜的斜向槽壁338，导引槽段335是与锁定槽段336的斜向槽壁338形成相反斜向，该直槽段334的宽度方向的两侧壁3341、3342分别相对于该导引槽段335与该锁定凹部337的位置，且该斜向槽壁338连接该导引槽段335邻近该斜向槽壁338的一侧壁的位置P位于该直槽段334邻近该导引槽段335的一侧侧壁3341的前方，该直槽段334的另一侧壁邻接该锁定凹部337的部位具有一导斜面3343。
如图1至图4所示，于本较佳实施例中，连接于刺针结合部31后端的针筒组接部32位于该外壳部33的抵接部332后端外侧。所述针筒组接部32具有一套管部322以及成形于该套管部322后端的一或多个螺接凸块323，用以结合一螺接套环锁固于一针筒的前端。所述螺接凸块323的数量可依据搭配螺接套环内的螺孔为单线螺纹或复线螺纹而决定。于本较佳实施例，针筒组接部32具有二径向对应的螺接凸块323，用以配合具有双线螺纹的螺接套环23。
如图2至图4所示，该刺针40内具有一轴向贯穿的针孔，该刺针40后端是插接固定于该刺针结合部31的刺针插接孔311中，该刺针40前段伸出该针头座30的外壳部33前端外侧，刺针40内的针孔通过刺针插接孔311连通针筒组接部32的针筒结合孔321。
如图1至图4所示，所述安全护盖50包含一刺针护套51、一弹性体52以及一外护壳53，该刺针护套51中形成一轴向贯通的贯孔，该刺针护套51后端外周面形成一个或多个导块512，于本较佳实施例中，该刺针护套51后端外周面形成两个径向对应的导块512，该弹性体52前端连接该刺针护套51后端。该外护壳53是设于该刺针护套51外侧，且该外护壳53与刺针护套51一体成形，该刺针护套51前端位于外护壳53内部，该刺针护套51具有导块512的后端伸出外护壳53后端外侧，外护壳53后端至刺针护套51的导块512之间具有一间距D。
如图1至图4所示，所述的安全护盖50是组接针头座30前端，该安全护盖50的弹性体52伸入该针头座30的活动空间300中，该弹性体52套设于该刺针结合部31外侧，且该弹性体52后端连接抵接部332，该安全护盖50的刺针护套51后端套设于刺针结合部31外侧，刺针护套51具有导块512的后端位于外壳部33内，导块512位于锁定导槽333中，外护壳53后端接近或接触针头座30的外壳部33前端，设于针头座30前端的刺针40被罩盖于外护壳53与刺针护套51的内部。该外护壳53还能于刺针护套51上被旋转扯断，并与刺针护套51脱离，使刺针护套51能一次性缩入针头座30的外壳部33内，压缩弹性体52以及刺针40伸出，以及刺针护套51能通过弹性体52自外壳部33内弹出，并为外壳部33的锁定导槽333一侧的锁定凹部337加以锁定，使刺针40被罩盖于刺针护套51内，被锁定的刺针护套51无法退至针头座30的外壳部33中。
如图1至图4所示，该弹性体52与刺针护套51可为一体成形，或各为独立部件。于本较佳实施例中，该弹性体52一体成形于该刺针护套51的后端。所述弹性体52是包含一条或多条螺旋弹性条521，于本较佳实施例中，所述弹性体52包含多条螺旋弹性条521，且该多条螺旋弹性条521的后端共同连接一环圈522，该多条螺旋弹性条521的前端连接于刺针护套51后端而具有压缩与回复的弹性，且该弹性体52能以后端的环圈522连接外壳部33的抵接部332。
如图1至图4所示，于本较佳实施例中，该外护壳53后端形成多个连接部531，以所述连接部531一体成形于该刺针护套51的外周面，且所述连接部531的厚度是朝刺针护套51方向递减。如图2及图7所示，该外护壳53能于刺针护套51上被旋转而自连接部531连接刺针护套51的厚度较薄的部位处断裂，使外护壳53能与刺针护套51分离。
关于本发明安全针头10的使用情形，请配合参阅图5及图6所示，该安全针头10是以针头座30后端的针筒组接部32结合一螺接套环23锁固在装有注射药剂的针筒20的筒体21前端。其中，该安全针头10的刺针护套51后端的导块512位于外壳部33的锁定导槽333的导引槽段335前端的起始位置，外护壳53后端抵靠于针头座30的外壳部33前端定位，使得刺针护套51被限位固定于外护壳53内，刺针40被罩盖于刺针护套51内。如此，在运送与注射前的操作过程中，用以防止安全针头10的刺针40插出的可能性，并据以区别该安全针头10未使用过。
如图7及图8所示，于注射前，使用者先旋转扯断位于刺针护套51外侧的外护壳53，并将外护壳53与刺针护套51脱离。其次，由使用者将连接针筒20的安全针头10的刺针护套51前端伸向被注射者预定注射部位，于此途中，刺针护套51仍将刺针40罩盖于内，确保安全。
如图9及图10所示，直至刺针护套51前端接触被注射者的皮肤，经按压设于针筒20，使刺针护套51受到挤压力量而退缩至针头座30的外壳部33内，并压缩弹性体52，刺针40则伸出刺针护套51外并刺入被注射者体内。于此过程中，刺针护套51通过其后端的导块512沿着外壳部33的锁定导槽333自导引槽段335朝后移动至直槽段334，使刺针护套51压缩弹性体52。持续按压针筒20的推杆22，将针筒20内的注射药剂通过针头座30的刺针结合部31与刺针40注射于被注射者体内。
如图11至图13所示，待注射药剂注入被注射者体内后，后拉针筒20，并连同刺针40自被注射者的身体抽离，此时，刺针护套51通过弹性体52自外壳部33前端弹出，使刺针40被罩盖于刺针护套51内部，其中，刺针护套51受弹性体52弹力朝前推顶运动，并通过刺针护套51后端的导块512沿着外壳部33的锁定导槽333自直槽段334朝前移动并受锁定槽段336前端的斜向槽壁338导引而进入锁定凹部337处锁定，被锁定的刺针护套51无法再退缩至针头座30的外壳部33内，确保刺针40被罩盖于刺针护套51内部，该安全针头10无法再被使用，且据以区别该安全针头已被使用过。
以上所述仅是本发明的较佳实施例而已，并非对本发明做任何形式上的限制，虽然本发明已以较佳实施例披露如上，然而并非用以限定本发明，任何本领域技术人员，在不脱离本发明技术方案的范围内，当可利用上述揭示的技术内容作出些许更动或修饰为等同变化的等效实施例，但凡是未脱离本发明技术方案的内容，依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何简单修改、等同变化与修饰，均仍属于本发明技术方案的范围内。

Claims (8)

1.一种安全针头，其特征在于，其包含：
一针头座，其包含一刺针结合部、一针筒组接部以及一外壳部，该刺针结合部中具有一刺针插接孔，该针筒组接部形成于该刺针结合部后端，该针筒组接部中形成连通刺针插接孔的一针筒结合孔，该外壳部形成于该刺针结合部外侧，该外壳部与该刺针结合部之间具有一活动空间，该外壳部前端形成一开口，该外壳部后端形成一抵接部且连接该刺针结合部后端，该外壳部的周壁形成至少一锁定导槽，所述锁定导槽包含一直槽段、一导引槽段以及一锁定槽段，该直槽段沿着该外壳部轴向延伸，该锁定槽段与该导引槽段分别设置于该外壳部前端两侧，该锁定槽段后端在前、该导引槽段后端在后且分别连接于该直槽段前端，该锁定槽段远离该直槽段的末端形成一锁定凹部，该锁定槽段的前端槽壁为一自该直槽段前端朝该锁定凹部方向倾斜的斜向槽壁，该导引槽段与该锁定槽段的斜向槽壁形成相反斜向，该直槽段的宽度方向的两侧壁分别相对于该导引槽段与该锁定凹部的位置，且该斜向槽壁连接该导引槽段邻近该斜向槽壁的一侧壁的位置位于该直槽段邻近该导引槽段的一侧侧壁的前方，该直槽段的另一侧壁邻接该锁定凹部的部位具有一导斜面；
一刺针，是插设于该刺针结合部的刺针插接孔中，且该刺针伸出该针头座的外壳部前端外侧，该刺针中具有一针孔并连通该针筒组接部的针筒结合孔；以及
一安全护盖，是组接该针头座的前端，该安全护盖包含一刺针护套、一弹性体以及一外护壳，该刺针护套中形成一轴向贯通的贯孔，该刺针护套后端外周面形成至少一导块，该弹性体前端连接该刺针护套后端，该外护壳是一体成形于该刺针护套外侧，且该外护壳能自该刺针护套上扯断拆离，该刺针护套前端位于该外护壳内部，该刺针护套具有导块的后端伸出该外护壳后端外侧，且该外护壳后端至该刺针护套的导块之间具有一间距，该安全护盖的弹性体伸入该针头座的活动空间中且套设于该刺针结合部外侧，该弹性体后端连接该外壳部的抵接部，该刺针护套后端套设于该刺针结合部外侧，该刺针护套具有导块的后端位于该外壳部内，所述导块位于所述锁定导槽中，该外护壳后端能接触针头座的外壳部前端，设于该针头座前端的该刺针被罩盖于该外护壳与该刺针护套的内部。
2.根据权利要求1所述的安全针头，其特征在于，该外壳部的周壁具有二个形成径向对应的锁定导槽，该刺针护套后端外周面形成二个径向对应的导块，该二导块分别伸入该二锁定导槽中。
3.根据权利要求1所述的安全针头，其特征在于，该针头座的针筒组接部具有一套管部，以及成形于该套管部后端形成径向对应的二螺接凸块。
4.根据权利要求2所述的安全针头，其特征在于，该针头座的针筒组接部具有一套管部，以及成形于该套管部后端形成径向对应的二螺接凸块。
5.根据权利要求1至4中任一所述的安全针头，其特征在于，该外护壳后端形成多个连接部，该多个连接部一体成形于该刺针护套的外周面，且所述连接部的厚度是朝刺针护套方向递减。
6.根据权利要求1至4中任一所述的安全针头，其特征在于，该弹性体一体成形于该刺针护套的后端，所述弹性体包含一条螺旋弹性条。
7.根据权利要求1至4中任一所述的安全针头，其特征在于，该弹性体一体成形于该刺针护套的后端，所述弹性体包含多条螺旋弹性条，该多条螺旋弹性条的后端共同连接一环圈。
8.根据权利要求5所述的安全针头，其特征在于，该弹性体一体成形于该刺针护套的后端，所述弹性体包含多条螺旋弹性条，该多条螺旋弹性条的后端共同连接一环圈。
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