CN104115628A - New technology for processing and storing Korean pine seeds - Google Patents
New technology for processing and storing Korean pine seeds Download PDFInfo
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- CN104115628A CN104115628A CN201310141415.6A CN201310141415A CN104115628A CN 104115628 A CN104115628 A CN 104115628A CN 201310141415 A CN201310141415 A CN 201310141415A CN 104115628 A CN104115628 A CN 104115628A
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Abstract
The invention provides the new technology for processing and storing Korean pine seeds. The Korean pine seeds with the water content of 15% to 25% are dried as a material, and then the Korean pine seeds with the ultra-low water content are obtained; the ultra-low water content of the Korean pine seeds ranges from 5% to 7%. By means of the new technology for processing and storing the Korean pine seeds, the water content of the produced Korean pine seeds ranges from 5% to 7%, and vitality of the Korean pine seeds is not remarkably influenced; production cost is low, and the Korean pine seeds can be stored in low-temperature freezers or in the north of China at the room temperature or in caves for a long time while vitality is reduced slowly.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of new technology of Korean pine seed processing and storage, belong to forest tree seed and produce and storage art.
Background technology
Korean pine seed has certain age limit, and after results, conventional natural drying Korean pine seed is under the conventional holding conditions of room temperature, and along with the increase of storage time, the vitality of Korean pine just declines gradually.Conventionally at room temperature conventional storage 1 year, vitality just will be lower than 60%, and seed germination is irregular, is no longer suitable for production of forestry.So Korean pine seed at room temperature conventional storage for a long time.Korean pine is applicable to seed collecting age of tree 60-100; Output is divided again biennial bearing, without natural calamity, and 5 years large receipts of 3 years little receipts; Resource lacks; The seed of therefore gathering is of great rarity, and at room temperature storage waste Korean pine seed precious resources, brings serious economic loss and loss of ecological benefits to country.Therefore,, if can carry out the storage of long period to Korean pine seed in production of forestry and keep the vitality of seed, will there is very important economy and social effect.
Be that the water content of ripe Korean pine seed is reduced to Ultra-low Moisture Content (5%-7%) seed below common safe water content, to reach airtight storage under normal temperature condition, keep for a long time the object of seed vigor.According to the F.T.Harrington rule of thumb, seed moisture content within the scope of 5%-14%, 1 percentage point of the every reduction of water content, the life-span of seed just can extend one times of (HarringtonJE.Biochemical BasisofSeedLongevity.SeedSciTechnol, 1973,1:453-461).Using water content is that the super dry seeds of 6% left and right is preserved, and is compared with the seed of 12% left and right with using water content, can extend in theory storage time and reach decades of times (26=32).Preserve research field at seed, the effect that can obviously extend seed longevity when super dry seeds storage at ambient temperature at present obtains common recognition.
Freeze drying or the silica gel etc. for method of the super dry seeds in laboratory (water content≤5%) at present.But freeze drying or silica dehydrator cost are high, are only suitable for germ plasm resource preservation mechanism and some laboratories and are preserving a small amount of period of the day from 11 p.m. to 1 a.m use of planting.Therefore, significant although the super dry seeds of Korean pine can extend storage time significantly, in production of forestry, there is not yet the production technology of the super dry seeds storage of Korean pine to occur and application at present, because being difficult for grasping in the lower production of super dry seeds water content.The invention provides a kind of new technology of Korean pine seed processing and storage, be by Korean pine seed through this method processing after making seed moisture content be down to 5%-7%, preserve.
With the comparison of original Korean pine seed processing and storage technology, the invention provides a kind of new technology of Korean pine seed processing and storage, cost is lower and storage time is longer, can be in production of forestry large-scale application.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
Taking the Korean pine seed of water content 15%-25% as material, carry out natural seasoning and add artificial seasoning, obtain Ultra-low Moisture Content Korean pine seed.Finally be packaged in completely airtight pail pack or packaging bag, select to store under low temperature seed bank (temperature is at 0 DEG C-5 DEG C), room temperature or natural cavern condition according to the required Storage of seed; The ultralow seed moisture content of described Korean pine is 5%-7%, between safe water content (10%-12%) and super dry water content (≤5%); Described natural seasoning utilizes the natural conditions such as daylight, wind, in advance seek advice from one week weather condition to meteorological department annual spring, 25 DEG C of left and right of temperature, relative moisture is below 65%, sunny dry weather, airing Ground is dry, cement flooring is good, and ventilation on all sides shakeouts 10-15cm thickness seed, then hook becomes seed ridge (increasing the surface area of seed), often stir, make upper and lower uniform drying, if test water content does not reach 5%-7%, add artificial seasoning, Korean pine seed mixes by 1:3 with calcium chloride or 40 DEG C-50 DEG C of forced air dryings again.After described being dried, carry out immediately airtight package, seed packaging material can use airtight metal or nonmetallic vessel, the packaging bag that also can use certain thickness aluminium foil-plastic film composite to make.
Wherein said Korean pine seed is to gather in the recent period and seed or autumn the previous year of processing routinely adopt, and does not only reach the fresh seeds of Chinese people Tree seed storage standard through preliminary treatment; Described seed, its vitality is more than 60%, and storage time is no more than six months; Described fresh seeds is dried to according to a conventional method water content 15%-25% and has carried out the necessary impurity elimination processing of cleaning.
Being dried of described two stages, after first stage natural seasoning, makes water content be down to 10%-12% and following, is entering the artificial seasoning step of second stage.
Being dried of described two stages, fine after first stage natural seasoning, 25 DEG C of left and right of temperature, relative moisture is below 65%, the airing of airing field, making seed moisture content be down to 10%-12% and following, is that Korean pine seed mixes by 1:3 with calcium chloride or 40 DEG C-50 DEG C of forced air dryings in the artificial seasoning that enters second stage.
In order to realize above scheme, the present invention is to dry through routine, water content is 10%-12%, the Korean pine seed that seed vitality is good, through natural seasoning and artificial seasoning, obtaining water content is 5%-7%, and vitality meets the Korean pine seed of the storage tolerance Ultra-low Moisture Content of national standard, finally be packaged in completely airtight packaging bag, in low-temperature cold-storage, room temperature or select temperature according to the hoarding demand time limit.Specific as follows:
Seed material and inspection:
Korean pine seed of the present invention is to gather in the recent period and seed or autumn the previous year of processing routinely adopt, and does not only reach the fresh seeds of Chinese people Tree seed storage standard through preliminary treatment.Carrying out before scheme processing provided by the invention, seed vitality is good, and vitality should reach more than 60%, and storage time is preferably no more than six months.For autumn last year just the fresh seeds of results be dried to according to a conventional method water content 15%-25%, and carry out necessary clean impurity elimination processing and viability test inspection, be that seed other indexs except water content meet national standard.
[0010] in order to realize above technical scheme, collected seed autumn last year of the present invention and passed through that preliminary modulation cleans, water content 15%-25%, the Korean pine seed that seed vitality is good, carry out successively two distinct methods dry, obtaining water content is 5%-7% Korean pine seed, and vitality meets the Korean pine seed of the long keeping Ultra-low Moisture Content of national standard, finally be packaged in completely airtight pail pack or packaging bag, under low-temperature cold store, room temperature condition or cavern storage.
Due to Korean pine seed, in October, can, by producing seed used short-term preservation after preliminary modulation, be arranged in Ultra-low Moisture Content production work to carry out the perpendicular year spring that ambient humidity is lower harvest time.
Artificial seasoning (desiccant or forced air drying)
The object of artificial seasoning is not damage under the prerequisite of Korean pine seed, and the water content of seed is further dropped to below 5%-7%, uses calcium chloride desiccant less expensive.
The object in the first natural seasoning stage is further to reduce the water content of Korean pine seed, for second stage is layed foundation.Natural seasoning requires fine, 25 DEG C of left and right of temperature, and relative moisture is below 65%; Airing Ground is dry, and cement flooring is good, ventilation on all sides; Seed is shakeout to 10-15cm thickness, and then hook becomes seed ridge (increasing the surface area of seed), makes Korean pine seed moisture content be reduced to 10%-12%.
Through first stage natural seasoning, make seed moisture content reduce 10%-12%, Korean pine seed now increases substantially the tolerance of temperature, thereby can be in the desiccant of second stage or 40 DEG C of-50 DEG C of methods of forced air drying, obtains Ultra-low Moisture Content Korean pine seed.Through dry for the second time, can make the water content of Korean pine seed be reduced to 5%-7%, now seed vigor (after rewetting is processed) meets the storage tolerance Ultra-low Moisture Content Korean pine seed of national standard.
Seed packaging:
The Ultra-low Moisture Content Korean pine seed obtaining through above-mentioned processing should carry out airtight package immediately, in order to avoid super dry seeds moisture absorption from air is returned wet and water content is increased.Packaging material can use airtight metal or nonmetallic vessel, also can use certain thickness various plastic film or aluminium foil, plastic film to meet the packaging bag that material is made, effectively to isolate steam.Then long term storage at ambient temperature.Ultra-low Moisture Content Korean pine seed opens the package in seed pretreatment the last week, and seed is spread out and is exposed in air, and rewetting is sprayed water in right amount and avoided seed because absorbing water and damage fast more under field conditions (factors), is finally hiding processing.In processing and storage, fixed time testing seed quality as required, detects seed and whether meets national standard or other relevant criterion.
Principle of the present invention is to reduce seed moisture content and in the injury-free situation of cell membrane, make the activity decreased of enzyme, reduces the consumption of seed self-energy, thereby extends seed longevity.The present invention adopts natural seasoning to add artificial seasoning, thereby does not injure the Korean pine seed of seed acquisition water content 5%-7%, and cost is low, energy-conservation, again large-scale application in production of forestry.
Remarkable advantage of the present invention is:
The production technology of Ultra-low Moisture Content Korean pine seed processing and storage of the present invention, the Korean pine seed moisture content 5%-7% producing, and not obvious its vitality that affects, and production cost is lower, can make Korean pine seed under the environment of natural temperature (north) or artificial cooling, airtight storage long period and vitality are without obvious reduction.Reduce seed storage cost.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1: the production technology of Ultra-low Moisture Content Korean pine seed processing and storage, comprises the following steps: 1) seed testing successively: Korean pine seed moisture content is 18%.What process was necessary cleans impurity elimination processing, is housed in storehouse (Harbin November-April) five months on the ground, through inspection, vitality 75%.
2) natural seasoning: April 17 is fine, 25 DEG C of left and right of temperature, relative moisture is below 65%, and the airing field airing of the In Forest of Heilongjiang Province Room, makes seed moisture content be down to average 8%.Proceed 40 DEG C-50 DEG C of artificial seasoning forced air dryings, make water content be down to 6%, through sampling inspection, gained Ultra-low Moisture Content Korean pine is processed vitality 76% through rewetting.
Packaging: after being dried, dress is as metal bucket sealing immediately.
Storage: storehouse room temperature storage is on the ground after 1 year, and through sampling inspection, Ultra-low Moisture Content Korean pine seed is processed vitality 74% through rewetting.
Embodiment 2: the production technology of Ultra-low Moisture Content Korean pine seed processing and storage, comprises the following steps: 1) seed testing successively: Korean pine seed moisture content is 21%.What process was necessary cleans impurity elimination processing, is housed in storehouse (Harbin November-April) five months on the ground, and through inspection, vitality is 80%.
2) natural seasoning: April 20 is fine, 24 DEG C of left and right of temperature, relative moisture is below 65%, and the airing field airing of the In Forest of Heilongjiang Province Room, makes seed moisture content be down to average 8%-10%.Proceeding artificial seasoning and add calcium chloride mixing, is that water content is down to 5%.Through sampling inspection, it is 79% that gained Ultra-low Moisture Content Korean pine seed is processed vitality through rewetting.
Packaging: after being dried, dress is as metal bucket sealing immediately.
Storage: storehouse room temperature storage is on the ground after 1 year, and through sampling inspection, it is 78% that Ultra-low Moisture Content Korean pine seed is processed vitality through rewetting.
Embodiment 3: the production technology of Ultra-low Moisture Content Korean pine seed processing and storage, comprises the following steps: 1) seed testing successively: Korean pine seed moisture content is 20%.What process was necessary cleans impurity elimination processing, is housed in storehouse (Harbin November-April) five months on the ground, through inspection, vitality 85%.
2) natural seasoning: April 20 is fine, 24 DEG C of left and right of temperature, relative moisture is below 65%, and the airing field airing of the In Forest of Heilongjiang Province Room, makes seed moisture content be down to average 8%-10%.Proceeding to add calcium chloride and mix, is that water content is down to 6%.Through sampling inspection, it is 83% that gained Ultra-low Moisture Content Korean pine seed is processed vitality through rewetting.
Packaging: after being dried, dress is as metal bucket sealing immediately.
Storage: storehouse room temperature storage on the ground 3 years, through sampling inspection, it is 81% that Ultra-low Moisture Content Korean pine seed is processed vitality through rewetting.
Claims (6)
1. the new technology of a Korean pine seed processing and storage, it is characterized in that: taking the Korean pine seed of water content 15%-25% as material, be dried, obtain the seed of Korean pine Ultra-low Moisture Content, finally be packaged in completely airtight packing jar or packaging bag, according to producing required Storage, select room temperature, cavern or low tempertaure storage.
2. a kind of new technology of Korean pine seed processing and storage according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described Korean pine seed is to gather in the recent period and the seed of the water content 15%-25% of preparatory processing processing.
3. a kind of new technology of Korean pine seed processing and storage according to claim 1, is characterized in that: its Korean pine seed vigor reaches more than 60%, and storage time is no more than 6 each months.
4. the new technology of a kind of Korean pine seed processing and storage according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described Korean pine seed Ultra-low Moisture Content is 5%-7%.
5. the new technology of a kind of Korean pine seed processing and storage according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described dry after water content be 5%-7% to carry out immediately airtight package, packaging material can use airtight metal or nonmetallic vessel, the packaging bag that also can use certain thickness various plastic film or aluminium foil-plastic film composite to make.
6. a kind of new technology of Korean pine seed processing and storage according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described two stage distinct methods dry, wherein the first stage is the natural seasoning (north 4, May fine temperature more than 25 DEG C, humidity 65% left and right), second stage is that artificial heat blowing is dried or desiccant dryness.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201310141415.6A CN104115628B (en) | 2013-04-23 | 2013-04-23 | A kind of production method of Korean pine seeds processing and storage |
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| CN201310141415.6A CN104115628B (en) | 2013-04-23 | 2013-04-23 | A kind of production method of Korean pine seeds processing and storage |
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| CN104115628A true CN104115628A (en) | 2014-10-29 |
| CN104115628B CN104115628B (en) | 2016-06-08 |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PT103611A (en) * | 2006-12-06 | 2008-06-30 | Inst Superior Agronomia | PROCESS OF CONSERVATION OF OATS AND / OR RECALLING SEEDS |
| CN101606454A (en) * | 2009-07-10 | 2009-12-23 | 山东省花生研究所 | A kind of method that prolongs the peanut seed storage cycle and improve seed vitality |
| CN101816230A (en) * | 2010-06-01 | 2010-09-01 | 福建农林大学 | Method for producing super-dry rice seeds |
-
2013
- 2013-04-23 CN CN201310141415.6A patent/CN104115628B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PT103611A (en) * | 2006-12-06 | 2008-06-30 | Inst Superior Agronomia | PROCESS OF CONSERVATION OF OATS AND / OR RECALLING SEEDS |
| PT103611B (en) * | 2006-12-06 | 2008-12-31 | Inst Superior Agronomia | PROCESS OF CONSERVATION OF OATS AND / OR RECALLING SEEDS |
| CN101606454A (en) * | 2009-07-10 | 2009-12-23 | 山东省花生研究所 | A kind of method that prolongs the peanut seed storage cycle and improve seed vitality |
| CN101816230A (en) * | 2010-06-01 | 2010-09-01 | 福建农林大学 | Method for producing super-dry rice seeds |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
|---|
| 宋红等: "红松种子超干贮藏研究", 《种子》 * |
| 柳振亮: "《苗木培育实用技术》", 30 April 2009 * |
| 柳振亮: "《苗木培育实用技术》", 30 April 2009, article "种子的贮藏方法", pages: 24-26 * |
| 王中春: "草河口种子库落叶松红松种子贮藏技术探讨", 《辽宁林业科技》 * |
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