CN104082289A - 可发泡农药组合物 - Google Patents
可发泡农药组合物 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104082289A CN104082289A CN201410225445.XA CN201410225445A CN104082289A CN 104082289 A CN104082289 A CN 104082289A CN 201410225445 A CN201410225445 A CN 201410225445A CN 104082289 A CN104082289 A CN 104082289A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- methyl
- acid
- azoles
- chloro
- ethyl
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 369
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 156
- -1 sulfo- Chemical class 0.000 claims description 164
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 162
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 67
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 claims description 65
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 claims description 58
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 54
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims description 54
- 239000003905 agrochemical Substances 0.000 claims description 50
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 49
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 claims description 49
- 150000003851 azoles Chemical class 0.000 claims description 48
- 241000256602 Isoptera Species 0.000 claims description 45
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 44
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 43
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 42
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical group CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 41
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 40
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrrole Chemical compound C=1C=CNC=1 KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutane Chemical compound CC(C)C NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiophene Chemical compound C=1C=CSC=1 YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- TZIHFWKZFHZASV-UHFFFAOYSA-N anhydrous methyl formate Natural products COC=O TZIHFWKZFHZASV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N formic acid Substances OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- FDDDEECHVMSUSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanilamide Chemical compound NC1=CC=C(S(N)(=O)=O)C=C1 FDDDEECHVMSUSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 229940124530 sulfonamide Drugs 0.000 claims description 18
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 16
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 16
- ZCVAOQKBXKSDMS-PVAVHDDUSA-N (+)-trans-(S)-allethrin Chemical compound CC1(C)[C@H](C=C(C)C)[C@H]1C(=O)O[C@@H]1C(C)=C(CC=C)C(=O)C1 ZCVAOQKBXKSDMS-PVAVHDDUSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- KXDAEFPNCMNJSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KXDAEFPNCMNJSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000005946 Cypermethrin Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- KAATUXNTWXVJKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N cypermethrin Chemical compound CC1(C)C(C=C(Cl)Cl)C1C(=O)OC(C#N)C1=CC=CC(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 KAATUXNTWXVJKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229960005424 cypermethrin Drugs 0.000 claims description 14
- 235000007516 Chrysanthemum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000001282 iso-butane Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 235000013847 iso-butane Nutrition 0.000 claims description 13
- KAATUXNTWXVJKI-NSHGMRRFSA-N (1R)-cis-(alphaS)-cypermethrin Chemical compound CC1(C)[C@@H](C=C(Cl)Cl)[C@H]1C(=O)O[C@H](C#N)C1=CC=CC(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 KAATUXNTWXVJKI-NSHGMRRFSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000004777 2-fluoroethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])(F)C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000005776 Fenhexamid Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Morpholine Chemical compound C1COCCN1 YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-OVSJKPMPSA-N all-trans-retinol Chemical compound OC\C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-OVSJKPMPSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- MZZBPDKVEFVLFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyanazine Chemical compound CCNC1=NC(Cl)=NC(NC(C)(C)C#N)=N1 MZZBPDKVEFVLFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- VDLGAVXLJYLFDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N fenhexamid Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C(Cl)=C(Cl)C=1NC(=O)C1(C)CCCCC1 VDLGAVXLJYLFDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- NYPJDWWKZLNGGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N fenvalerate Aalpha Natural products C=1C=C(Cl)C=CC=1C(C(C)C)C(=O)OC(C#N)C(C=1)=CC=CC=1OC1=CC=CC=C1 NYPJDWWKZLNGGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- GNVDAZSPJWCIQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N flusulfamide Chemical compound ClC1=CC([N+](=O)[O-])=CC=C1NS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(Cl)C(C(F)(F)F)=C1 GNVDAZSPJWCIQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- WLPCAERCXQSYLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isotianil Chemical compound ClC1=NSC(C(=O)NC=2C(=CC=CC=2)C#N)=C1Cl WLPCAERCXQSYLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- XAMUDJHXFNRLCY-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenthoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(SP(=S)(OC)OC)C1=CC=CC=C1 XAMUDJHXFNRLCY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- ROZUQUDEWZIBHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N tecloftalam Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C1C(=O)NC1=CC=CC(Cl)=C1Cl ROZUQUDEWZIBHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- XQTLDIFVVHJORV-UHFFFAOYSA-N tecnazene Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1=C(Cl)C(Cl)=CC(Cl)=C1Cl XQTLDIFVVHJORV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- XLNZEKHULJKQBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N terbufos Chemical compound CCOP(=S)(OCC)SCSC(C)(C)C XLNZEKHULJKQBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229930192474 thiophene Natural products 0.000 claims description 12
- VJQYLJSMBWXGDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N tiadinil Chemical compound N1=NSC(C(=O)NC=2C=C(Cl)C(C)=CC=2)=C1C VJQYLJSMBWXGDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920001285 xanthan gum Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- JLIDBLDQVAYHNE-YKALOCIXSA-N (+)-Abscisic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)/C=C(/C)\C=C\[C@@]1(O)C(C)=CC(=O)CC1(C)C JLIDBLDQVAYHNE-YKALOCIXSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- RONFGUROBZGJKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N iminoctadine Chemical compound NC(N)=NCCCCCCCCNCCCCCCCCN=C(N)N RONFGUROBZGJKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- YIKWKLYQRFRGPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-dodecylguanidine acetate Chemical compound CC(O)=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCN=C(N)N YIKWKLYQRFRGPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- YOYAIZYFCNQIRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-dichlorobenzonitrile Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC(Cl)=C1C#N YOYAIZYFCNQIRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- IRCMYGHHKLLGHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethoxy-3,3-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl methanesulfonate Chemical compound C1=C(OS(C)(=O)=O)C=C2C(C)(C)C(OCC)OC2=C1 IRCMYGHHKLLGHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- ZOCSXAVNDGMNBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-amino-1-[2,6-dichloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-4-[(trifluoromethyl)sulfinyl]-1H-pyrazole-3-carbonitrile Chemical compound NC1=C(S(=O)C(F)(F)F)C(C#N)=NN1C1=C(Cl)C=C(C(F)(F)F)C=C1Cl ZOCSXAVNDGMNBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000005496 Chlorsulfuron Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- LBGPXIPGGRQBJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Difenzoquat Chemical compound C[N+]=1N(C)C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=CC=1C1=CC=CC=C1 LBGPXIPGGRQBJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000005766 Dodine Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000005512 Ethofumesate Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000005784 Fluoxastrobin Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000005562 Glyphosate Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000005916 Methomyl Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000005583 Metribuzin Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000005594 Phenmedipham Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229930182764 Polyoxin Natural products 0.000 claims description 9
- YXWCBRDRVXHABN-JCMHNJIXSA-N [cyano-(4-fluoro-3-phenoxyphenyl)methyl] 3-[(z)-2-chloro-2-(4-chlorophenyl)ethenyl]-2,2-dimethylcyclopropane-1-carboxylate Chemical compound C=1C=C(F)C(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=CC=1C(C#N)OC(=O)C1C(C)(C)C1\C=C(/Cl)C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 YXWCBRDRVXHABN-JCMHNJIXSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000002777 acetyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)=O 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- XCSGPAVHZFQHGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N alachlor Chemical compound CCC1=CC=CC(CC)=C1N(COC)C(=O)CCl XCSGPAVHZFQHGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229960001901 bioallethrin Drugs 0.000 claims description 9
- NLKUPINTOLSSLD-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium;4-(1-oxidopropylidene)-3,5-dioxocyclohexane-1-carboxylate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CCC([O-])=C1C(=O)CC(C([O-])=O)CC1=O NLKUPINTOLSSLD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- VJYIFXVZLXQVHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorsulfuron Chemical compound COC1=NC(C)=NC(NC(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C=2C(=CC=CC=2)Cl)=N1 VJYIFXVZLXQVHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- OEBRKCOSUFCWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichlorvos Chemical compound COP(=O)(OC)OC=C(Cl)Cl OEBRKCOSUFCWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
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- 230000000855 fungicidal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000417 fungicide Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- JLYXXMFPNIAWKQ-GNIYUCBRSA-N gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane Chemical compound Cl[C@H]1[C@H](Cl)[C@@H](Cl)[C@@H](Cl)[C@H](Cl)[C@H]1Cl JLYXXMFPNIAWKQ-GNIYUCBRSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- JLYXXMFPNIAWKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane Natural products ClC1C(Cl)C(Cl)C(Cl)C(Cl)C1Cl JLYXXMFPNIAWKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
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- IXJOSTZEBSTPAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N methasulfocarb Chemical compound CNC(=O)SC1=CC=C(OS(C)(=O)=O)C=C1 IXJOSTZEBSTPAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- UHXUZOCRWCRNSJ-QPJJXVBHSA-N methomyl Chemical compound CNC(=O)O\N=C(/C)SC UHXUZOCRWCRNSJ-QPJJXVBHSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- CJPQIRJHIZUAQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-N-(phenylacetyl)alaninate Chemical compound CC=1C=CC=C(C)C=1N(C(C)C(=O)OC)C(=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 CJPQIRJHIZUAQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
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- IDOWTHOLJBTAFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenmedipham Chemical compound COC(=O)NC1=CC=CC(OC(=O)NC=2C=C(C)C=CC=2)=C1 IDOWTHOLJBTAFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
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- YWTYJOPNNQFBPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidacloprid Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)\N=C1/NCCN1CC1=CC=C(Cl)N=C1 YWTYJOPNNQFBPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
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- NHOWDZOIZKMVAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-chlorophenyl)(4-chlorophenyl)pyrimidin-5-ylmethanol Chemical compound C=1N=CN=CC=1C(C=1C(=CC=CC=1)Cl)(O)C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 NHOWDZOIZKMVAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
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- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
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- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
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- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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Abstract
提供了包含悬浮于其中的颗粒状农药的即用可发泡农药组合物和分配该组合物的施用器。还提供了通过使害虫与该组合物接触而防治害虫如节肢动物的方法。
Description
本申请是申请号为201080028973.6、申请日为2010年4月28日、发明名称为“可发泡农药组合物”的专利申请的分案申请。
背景
本公开的领域涉及农药组合物,更具体涉及含有颗粒状农药的即用可发泡农药组合物。本公开的领域也涉及农药施用器和用于防治害虫的方法。本公开的实施方案的农药组合物非常适合一般性应用,但特别适合处理包括昆虫在内的节肢动物,特别是处理白蚁、蚂蚁、蟑螂和甲虫。
昆虫和其他节肢动物害虫可能对人类生活品质具有不利影响。例如,当在家里发现昆虫和其他节肢动物时,它们可能为纯粹由其存在引起的麻烦源。它们还可能传播疾病和过敏原。另外,当在植物和作物上发现昆虫和其他节肢动物害虫时,它们可能损害叶子和果实,并且可能不利地影响植物和作物生长、质量和产量。
特别不希望出现的昆虫是白蚁。白蚁由于其对居住、商业和各种其他结构体的破坏作用而众所周知。白蚁侵染所造成的损害导致巨大的经济损失、结构安全关切和建筑上有价值的结构体的破坏。蚂蚁也是特别不希望的。已知一些种类的蚂蚁损害作物,而其他的可能因袭击或防御机理而叮咬人类或宠物。蟑螂和甲虫也是不希望出现的害虫。蟑螂可能携带许多引起疾病的生物体并且已知甲虫损害食物以及居住和商业结构体。
在家庭和商业上希望通过使用农药产品防治白蚁和蚂蚁。还希望防治其他爬行节肢动物,如蟑螂、甲虫、蠼螋、蠹虫、蟋蟀、蜘蛛、百足虫、千足虫、蝎子、鼠妇、潮虫以及各种飞虫,包括蝇、蚊、蚋、蛾、黄蜂、大黄蜂、蜜蜂等。
已经发现宽范围的化合物对昆虫和其他节肢动物具有毒性,从而可以将含有这些化合物的配制剂用于它们的防治。然而,许多节肢动物栖息在居住和商业结构体内部和外部的空间和空隙中,在其中难以施用这些化合物。例如,害虫可能栖息在含有管道和电气结构的墙壁内的空隙中,它们限制了农药的施用。持续需要新的组合物、产品和方法以能够将有毒化合物施用于难以达到的寄生有害虫的场所。
在许多情况下,适当的处理包括将该类组合物施用于结构体的整个外周以起阻隔层的作用而防止害虫进入或确保进出结构体的害虫与该农药接触。在该外部施用中,房主或害虫防治专业人士将该组合物施用于结构体的外表面如接近其地基和/或接近该结构体的地表面和/或其他外部表面如景观木料或敞开区域的地表面。用于常规外部施用的组合物通常以液体形式施用,这使得进行该处理的人难以容易地确定哪一区域已经被处理且哪一区域未被处理。这可能导致该组合物的不足或过度施用。
还持续需要能够使有毒化合物在宽表面上如建筑结构体外周周围、景观材料、地表面等上施用的组合物、施用装置和相关施用方法。仍然需要能够使施用该组合物的人追踪在处理方法过程中已经在何处施用该组合物的该类组合物、施用装置和施用方法。
概述
在本公开的一个方面,即用可发泡农药组合物包含稀释剂、悬浮于该稀释剂中的颗粒状农药、增稠剂和包含至少一种表面活性剂的表面活性剂体系。
在本公开的另一方面,一种用于将农药施用于害虫的农药施用器包括容器和位于该容器内的农药组合物。该农药组合物包括稀释剂、悬浮于该稀释剂中的颗粒状农药、增稠剂和包含至少一种表面活性剂的表面活性剂体系。
在另一方面,一种防治害虫的方法包括使害虫与农药有效量的组合物接触。该组合物包含稀释剂、悬浮于该稀释剂中的颗粒状农药、增稠剂和包含至少一种表面活性剂的表面活性剂体系。
本公开的又一方面涉及一种将农药施用于目标表面的方法。该方法包括将农药组合物分配到目标表面的第一区域上。该农药组合物包含视觉指示剂以视觉指示该农药组合物在分配之后施用在何处。至少部分地基于分配到目标表面的第一区域上的农药组合物中存在的视觉指示剂将额外农药组合物分配到至少部分地与其第一区域不同的目标表面的第二区域。
对于与本发明的上述方面相关而提到的特征存在各种改进。其他特征也可以结合到本发明的上述方面中。这些改进和额外的特征可以单独或以任何组合存在。例如,下面就本发明的任一所示实施方案所讨论的各种特征可以单独或以任何组合结合到本发明的任一上述方面。
附图简介
图1为根据本公开的一个实施方案的农药施用器的前视图;
图2为根据本公开的第二实施方案的农药施用器的前视图;和
图3为根据本公开的第三实施方案的农药施用器的分解透视图。
在整个附图中,相同的附图标记表示相同的部件。
详细说明
本公开提供了即用可发泡农药组合物、农药施用器和防治害虫的方法。已经发现在本公开的实施方案中,有毒化学品(例如锐劲特(fipronil))一般可以包括在包括稀释剂、增稠剂和表面活性剂体系的组合物中。在某些实施方案中,该农药呈颗粒状形式且该颗粒悬浮于该组合物中。某些实施方案的组合物通常在施用时可发泡,从而允许该组合物施用在难以到达的空隙、空间和裂缝。一旦施用,该组合物即膨胀而填充该空隙、空间或裂缝,从而允许农药的更大生物利用率和目标害虫的更有效防治。例如,本公开的实施方案的农药组合物可以施用于昆虫走廊或隧道或施用于结构体内的受限区域。在施用时,该组合物通常发泡且在空隙内和障碍物周围流动,从而对施用的目标场所提供更为完全的覆盖,导致更好地防治昆虫和其他节肢动物。
还已发现该农药组合物的发泡作用允许施用该组合物的人追踪何处已经施用该农药组合物,从而防止该组合物的过度和不足施用。这在将该组合物施用于户外区域如建筑结构外周时特别有益。根据一些实施方案,发泡组合物通常快速破裂,从而允许该组合物在施用不久就在视觉上消失,由此不可能由施用该组合物的人以外的人如房主在视觉上观察到该配制剂。
即用可发泡农药组合物
在本公开的一个实施方案中,提供了即用可发泡农药组合物。对本公开而言,“即用”是指不呈浓缩物形式,而是可以不改变产品内各组分的相对量即可施用的组合物。就此而言,本文所用术语“农药”是指任何用于预防、破坏、驱除或减缓包括昆虫、动物(例如小鼠、大鼠)、植物(例如杂草)、真菌、微生物(例如细菌和病毒)、假腔害虫(例如线虫)和朊病毒在内的任何害虫的物质或混合物。术语“杀节肢动物剂”—为农药的一种—在这里用于指任何用于预防、破坏、驱除或减缓节肢动物的物质或混合物。术语“杀虫剂”—为农药的一种—在这里用于指任何用于预防、破坏、驱除或减缓昆虫的物质或混合物。术语“杀白蚁剂”—为杀虫剂的一种—在这里用于指任何用于预防、破坏、驱除或减缓白蚁的物质或混合物。
可以包括在本公开的组合物中的合适农药(以及特别是合适的杀节肢动物剂和/或杀虫剂)包括下列化合物(“M组化合物”):
(M1)有机(硫代)磷酸酯类化合物:高灭磷(acephate)、唑啶磷(azamethiphos)、乙基谷硫磷(azinphos-ethyl)、谷硫磷(azinphos-methyl)、氯氧磷(chlorethoxyfos)、毒虫畏(chlorfenvinphos)、氯甲硫磷(chlormephos)、毒死蜱(chlorpyrifos)、甲基毒死蜱(chlorpyrifos-methyl)、蝇毒磷(coumaphos)、杀螟腈(cyanophos)、甲基内吸磷(demeton-S-methyl)、二嗪农(diazinon)、敌敌畏(dichlorvos/DDVP)、百治磷(dicrotophos)、乐果(dimethoate)、甲基毒虫畏(dimethylvinphos)、乙拌磷(disulfoton)、苯硫磷(EPN)、乙硫磷(ethion)、丙线磷(ethoprophos)、伐灭磷(famphur)、苯线磷(fenamiphos)、杀螟松(fenitrothion)、倍硫磷(fenthion)、吡氟硫磷(flupyrazophos)、噻唑硫磷(fosthiazate)、庚烯磷(heptenophos)、异唑磷(isoxathion)、马拉硫磷(malathion)、灭蚜磷(mecarbam)、甲胺磷(methamidophos)、杀扑磷(methidathion)、速灭磷(mevinphos)、久效磷(monocrotophos)、氧乐果(omethoate)、砜吸磷(oxydemeton-methyl)、一六零五(parathion)、甲基一六零五(parathion-methyl)、稻丰散(phenthoate)、甲拌磷(phorate)、伏杀磷(phosalone)、亚胺硫磷(phosmet)、磷胺(phosphamidon)、辛硫磷(phoxim)、虫螨磷(pirimiphos-methyl)、丙溴磷(profenofos)、巴胺磷(propetamphos)、丙硫磷(prothiofos)、吡唑硫磷(pyraclofos)、哒嗪硫磷(pyridaphenthion)、喹硫磷(quinalphos)、治螟磷(sulfotep)、丁基嘧啶磷(tebupirimfos)、双硫磷(temephos)、特丁磷(terbufos)、杀虫威(tetrachlorvinphos)、甲基乙拌磷(thiometon)、三唑磷(triazophos)、敌百虫(trichlorfon)和蚜灭磷(vamidothion);
(M2)氨基甲酸酯类化合物:涕灭威(aldicarb)、棉铃威(alanycarb)、虫威(bendiocarb)、丙硫克百威(benfuracarb)、丁酮威(butocarboxim)、丁酮氧威(butoxycarboxim)、甲萘威(carbaryl)、虫螨威(carbofuran)、丁硫克百威(carbosulfan)、苯虫威(ethiofencarb)、仲丁威(fenobucarb)、抗螨脒(formetanate)、呋线威(furathiocarb)、异丙威(isoprocarb)、灭虫威(methiocarb)、灭多虫(methomyl)、速灭威(metolcarb)、甲氨叉威(oxamyl)、抗蚜威(pirimicarb)、残杀威(propoxur)、硫双威(thiodicarb)、久效威(thiofanox)、混杀威(trimethacarb)、二甲威(XMC)、灭杀威(xylylcarb)和唑蚜威(triazamate);
(M3)合成除虫菊酯类化合物:氟丙菊酯(acrinathrin)、丙烯除虫菊(allethrin)、右旋丙烯菊酯(d-cis-trans allethrin)、右旋反式丙烯菊酯(d-trans allethrin)、氟氯菊酯(bifenthrin)、生物烯丙菊酯(bioallethrin)、2-环戊烯基生物烯丙菊酯(bioallethrin S-cyclopentenyl)、生物苄呋菊酯(bioresmethrin)、乙氰菊酯(cycloprothrin)、氟氯氰菊酯(cyfluthrin)、高效氟氯氰菊酯(beta-cyfluthrin)、(RS)氯氟氰菊酯(cyhalothrin)、氯氟氰菊酯(lambda-cyhalothrin)、精高效氯氟氰菊酯(gamma-cyhalothrin)、氯氰菊酯(cypermethrin)、甲体氯氰菊酯(alpha-cypermethrin)、乙体氯氰菊酯(beta-cypermethrin)、高效反式氯氰菊酯(theta-cypermethrin)、己体氯氰菊酯(zeta-cypermethrin)、苯醚氰菊酯(cyphenothrin)、溴氰菊酯(deltamethrin)、烯炔菊酯(empenthrin)、高氰戊菊酯(esfenvalerate)、醚菊酯(etofenprox)、甲氰菊酯(fenpropathrin)、杀灭菊酯(fenvalerate)、氟氰戊菊酯(flucythrinate)、氟氯苯菊酯(flumethrin)、氟胺氰菊酯(tau-fluvalinate)、溴氟醚菊酯(halfenprox)、咪炔菊酯(imiprothrin)、甲氧苄氟菊酯(metofluthrin)、氯菊酯(permethrin)、苯醚菊酯(phenothrin)、炔酮菊酯(prallethrin)、丙氟菊酯(profluthrin)、除虫菊酯(pyrethrin(除虫菊(pyrethrum)))、灭虫菊(resmethrin)、灭虫硅醚(silafluofen)、七氟菊酯(tefluthrin)、胺菊酯(tetramethrin)、四溴菊酯(tralomethrin)和四氟菊酯(transfluthrin);
(M4)保幼激素模拟物:蒙512(hydroprene)、烯虫炔酯(kinoprene)、蒙五一五(methoprene)、双氧威(fenoxycarb)和蚊蝇醚(pyriproxyfen);
(M5)烟碱性受体激动剂/拮抗剂化合物:吡虫清(acetamiprid)、杀虫磺(bensultap)、杀螟丹(cartap hydrochloride)、噻虫胺(clothianidin)、呋虫胺(dinotefuran)、吡虫啉(imidacloprid)、噻虫嗪(thiamethoxam)、硝胺烯啶(nitenpyram)、烟碱(nicotine)、艾克敌105(spinosad)(别构激动剂)、乙基多杀菌素(spinetoram)(别构激动剂)、噻虫啉(thiacloprid)、杀虫环(thiocyclam)、杀虫双(thiosultap-sodium)和AKD1022;
(M6)GABA门控氯离子通道拮抗剂化合物:氯丹(chlordane)、硫丹(endosulfan)、林丹(gamma-HCH(lindane));乙虫腈(ethiprole)、锐劲特(fipronil)、pyrafluprole和pyriprole;
(M7)氯离子通道活化剂:齐墩螨素(abamectin)、甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐(emamectin benzoate)、米尔螨素(milbemectin)和lepimectin;
(M8)METI I化合物:喹螨醚(fenazaquin)、唑螨酯(fenpyroximate)、嘧螨醚(pyrimidifen)、哒螨酮(pyridaben)、吡螨胺(tebufenpyrad)、唑虫酰胺(tolfenpyrad)、嘧虫胺(flufenerim)、鱼藤酮(rotenone);
(M9)METI II和III化合物:灭螨醌(acequinocyl)、fluacyprim和灭蚁腙(hydramethylnon);
(M10)氧化磷酸化去偶剂:氟唑虫清(chlorfenapyr)和二硝酚(DNOC);
(M11)氧化磷酸化抑制剂:三唑锡(azocyclotin)、三环锡(cyhexatin)、杀白蚁硫隆(diafenthiuron)、杀白蚁锡(fenbutatin oxide)、克螨特(propargite)和三氯杀白蚁砜(tetradifon);
(M12)蜕皮干扰剂:灭蝇胺(cyromazine)、环虫酰肼(chromafenozide)、特丁苯酰肼(halofenozide)、甲氧苯酰肼(methoxyfenozide)和双苯酰肼(tebufenozide);
(M13)增效剂:增效醚(piperonyl butoxide)和脱叶膦(tribufos);
(M14)钠通道阻断剂化合物:二唑虫(indoxacarb)和氰氟虫胺(metaflumizone);
(M15)选择性进食阻断剂:crylotie、拒嗪酮(pymetrozine)和氟啶虫酰胺(flonicamid);
(M16)螨生长抑制剂:四螨嗪(clofentezine)、噻螨酮(hexythiazox)和特苯唑(etoxazole);
(M17)几丁质合成抑制剂:噻嗪酮(buprofezin)、双三氟虫脲(bistrifluron)、定虫隆(chlorfluazuron)、氟脲杀(diflubenzuron)、氟螨脲(flucycloxuron)、氟虫脲(flufenoxuron)、氟铃脲(hexaflumuron)、氟丙氧脲(lufenuron)、双苯氟脲(novaluron)、多氟虫酰脲(noviflumuron)、伏虫隆(teflubenzuron)和杀虫隆(triflumuron);
(M18)类脂生物合成抑制剂:螺螨酯(spirodiclofen)、螺甲螨酯(spiromesifen)和螺虫乙酯(spirotetramat);
(M19)章鱼胺能激动剂(octapaminergic agonsits):双甲脒(amitraz);
(M20)鱼尼汀(Ryanodine)受体调节剂:氟虫酰胺(flubendiamide)和邻苯二甲酰胺化合物(R)-、(S)-3-氯-N1-{2-甲基-4-[1,2,2,2-四氟-1-(三氟甲基)乙基]苯基}-N2-(1-甲基-2-甲基磺酰基乙基)邻苯二甲酰胺(M20.1);
(M21)异唑啉化合物:4-[5-(3,5-二氯苯基)-5-三氟甲基-4,5-二氢异唑-3-基]-2-甲基-N-吡啶-2-基甲基苯甲酰胺(M21.1)、4-[5-(3,5-二氯苯基)-5-三氟甲基-4,5-二氢异唑-3-基]-2-甲基-N-(2,2,2-三氟乙基)苯甲酰胺(M21.2)、4-[5-(3,5-二氯苯基)-5-三氟甲基-4,5-二氢异唑-3-基]-2-甲基-N-[(2,2,2-三氟乙基氨基甲酰基)甲基]苯甲酰胺(M21.3)、4-[5-(3,5-二氯苯基)-5-三氟甲基-4,5-二氢异唑-3-基]萘-1-甲酸[(2,2,2-三氟乙基氨基甲酰基)甲基]酰胺(M21.4)、4-[5-(3,5-二氯苯基)-5-三氟甲基-4,5-二氢异唑-3-基]-N-[(甲氧亚氨基)甲基]-2-甲基苯甲酰胺(M21.5)、4-[5-(3-氯-5-三氟甲基苯基)-5-三氟甲基-4,5-二氢异唑-3-基]-2-甲基-N-[(2,2,2-三氟乙基氨基甲酰基)甲基]苯甲酰胺(M21.6)、4-[5-(3-氯-5-三氟甲基苯基)-5-三氟甲基-4,5-二氢异唑-3-基]萘-1-甲酸[(2,2,2-三氟乙基氨基甲酰基)甲基]酰胺(M21.7)和5-[5-(3,5-二氯-4-氟苯基)-5-三氟甲基-4,5-二氢异唑-3-基]-2-[1,2,4]三唑-1-基苄腈(M21.8);
(M22)邻氨基苯甲酰胺(Anthranilamide)化合物:氯虫酰胺(chloranthraniliprole)、氰虫酰胺(cyantraniliprole)、5-溴-2-(3-氯吡啶-2-基)-2H-吡唑-3-甲酸[4-氰基-2-(1-环丙基乙基氨基甲酰基)-6-甲基苯基]酰胺(M22.1)、5-溴-2-(3-氯吡啶-2-基)-2H-吡唑-3-甲酸[2-氯-4-氰基-6-(1-环丙基乙基氨基甲酰基)苯基]酰胺(M22.2)、5-溴-2-(3-氯吡啶-2-基)-2H-吡唑-3-甲酸[2-溴-4-氰基-6-(1-环丙基乙基氨基甲酰基)苯基]酰胺(M22.3)、5-溴-2-(3-氯吡啶-2-基)-2H-吡唑-3-甲酸[2-溴-4-氯-6-(1-环丙基乙基氨基甲酰基)苯基]酰胺(M22.4)、5-溴-2-(3-氯吡啶-2-基)-2H-吡唑-3-甲酸[2,4-二氯-6-(1-环丙基乙基氨基甲酰基)苯基]酰胺(M22.5)、5-溴-2-(3-氯吡啶-2-基)-2H-吡唑-3-甲酸[4-氯-2-(1-环丙基乙基氨基甲酰基)-6-甲基苯基]酰胺(M22.6)、N'-(2-{[5-溴-2-(3-氯吡啶-2-基)-2H-吡唑-3-羰基]氨基}-5-氯-3-甲基苯甲酰基)肼甲酸甲酯(M22.7)、N'-(2-{[5-溴-2-(3-氯吡啶-2-基)-2H-吡唑-3-羰基]氨基}-5-氯-3-甲基苯甲酰基)-N'-甲基肼甲酸甲酯(M22.8)、N'-(2-{[5-溴-2-(3-氯吡啶-2-基)-2H-吡唑-3-羰基]氨基}-5-氯-3-甲基苯甲酰基)-N,N'-二甲基肼甲酸甲酯(M22.9)、N'-(3,5-二溴-2-{[5-溴-2-(3-氯吡啶-2-基)-2H-吡唑-3-羰基]氨基}苯甲酰基)肼甲酸甲酯(M22.10)、N'-(3,5-二溴-2-{[5-溴-2-(3-氯吡啶-2-基)-2H-吡唑-3-羰基]氨基}苯甲酰基)-N'-甲基肼甲酸甲酯(M22.11)和N'-(3,5-二溴-2-{[5-溴-2-(3-氯吡啶-2-基)-2H-吡唑-3-羰基]氨基}苯甲酰基)-N,N'-二甲基肼甲酸甲酯(M22.12);
(M23)丙二腈类化合物:2-(2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5-八氟戊基)-2-(3,3,3-三氟丙基)丙二腈(CF2H-CF2-CF2-CF2-CH2-C(CN)2-CH2-CH2-CF3)(M23.1)和2-(2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5-八氟戊基)-2-(3,3,4,4,4-五氟丁基)丙二腈(CF2H-CF2-CF2-CF2-CH2-C(CN)2-CH2-CH2-CF2-CF3)(M23.2);
(M24)微生物干扰剂:苏云金芽孢杆菌以色列亚种(Bacillus thuringiensissubsp.Israelensis)、球形芽孢杆菌(Bacillus sphaericus)、苏云金芽胞杆菌鲇泽亚种(Bacillus thuringiensis subsp.Aizawai)、Bacillusthuringiensis subsp.Kurstaki和苏云金芽胞杆菌拟步行甲亚种菌株(Bacillus thuringiensis subsp.Tenebrionis);
(M25)氨基呋喃酮类化合物:4-{[(6-溴吡啶-3-基)甲基](2-氟乙基)氨基}呋喃-2(5H)-酮(M25.1)、4-{[(6-氟吡啶-3-基)甲基](2,2-二氟乙基)氨基}呋喃-2(5H)-酮(M25.2)、4-{[(2-氯-1,3-噻唑-5-基)甲基](2-氟乙基)氨基}呋喃-2(5H)-酮(M25.3)、4-{[(6-氯吡啶-3-基)甲基](2-氟乙基)氨基}呋喃-2(5H)-酮(M25.4)、4-{[(6-氯吡啶-3-基)甲基](2,2-二氟乙基)氨基}呋喃-2(5H)-酮(M25.5)、4-{[(6-氯-5-氟吡啶-3-基)甲基](甲基)氨基}呋喃-2(5H)-酮(M25.6)、4-{[(5,6-二氯吡啶-3-基)甲基](2-氟乙基)氨基}呋喃-2(5H)-酮(M25.7)、4-{[(6-氯-5-氟吡啶-3-基)甲基](环丙基)氨基}呋喃-2(5H)-酮(M25.8)、4-{[(6-氯-5-氯吡啶-3-基)甲基](环丙基)氨基}呋喃-2(5H)-酮(M25.9)和4-{[(6-氯吡啶-3-基)甲基](甲基)氨基}呋喃-2(5H)-酮(M25.10);
(M26)其他各种化合物:磺胺螨酯(amidoflumet)、benclothiaz、苯螨特(benzoximate)、联苯肼酯(bifenazate)、硼砂、溴螨酯(bromopropylate)、cyenopyrafen、丁氟螨酯(cyflumetofen)、喹菌酮(chinomethionate)、三氯杀白蚁醇(dicofol)、氟乙酸酯、啶虫丙醚(pyridalyl)、pyrifluquinazon、酒石酸氧锑钾(tartar emetic)、sulfoxaflor、N-R'-2,2-二halo-1-R″-环丙烷甲酰胺-2-(2,6-二氯-α,α,α-三氟对甲苯基)腙或N-R'-2,2-二(R''')丙酰胺-2-(2,6-二氯-α,α,α-三氟对甲苯基)腙,其中R'为甲基或乙基,halo为氯或溴,R″为氢或甲基且R'''为甲基或乙基,4-丁-2-炔基氧基-6-(3,5-二甲基哌啶-1-基)-2-氟嘧啶(M26.1)、环丙烷乙酸1,1'-[(3S,4R,4aR,6S,6aS,12R,12aS,12bS)-4-[[(2-环丙基乙酰基)氧基]甲基]-1,3,4,4a,5,6,6a,12,12a,12b-十氢-12-羟基-4,6a,12b-三甲基-11-氧代-9-(3-吡啶基)-2H,11H-萘并[2,1-b]吡喃并[3,4-e]吡喃-3,6-二基]酯(M26.2)和8-(2-环丙基甲氧基-4-三氟甲基苯氧基)-3-(6-三氟甲基哒嗪-3-基)-3-氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷(M26.3)。
上述市售化合物尤其可以在The Pesticide Manual,第13版,BritishCrop Protection Council(2003)中找到。
对氧磷(Paraoxon)及其制备描述于Farm Chemicals Handbook,第88卷,Meister Publishing Company,2001中。吡氟硫磷(Flupyrazofos)描述于Pesticide Science54,1988,第237-243页和美国专利4822779中。AKD1022及其制备描述于美国专利6300348中。邻氨基苯甲酰胺M22.1-M22.6描述于WO2008/72743和WO200872783中,而M22.7-M22.12描述于WO2007/043677中。邻苯二甲酰胺M20.1由WO2007/101540已知。炔基醚化合物M26.1例如描述于JP2006131529中。有机硫化合物描述于WO2007060839中。异唑啉化合物M21.1-M21.8例如描述于WO2005/085216,WO2007/079162,WO2007/026965,WO2009/126668和WO2009/051956中。氨基呋喃酮类化合物M25.1-M25.10例如描述于WO2007/115644中。Pyripyropene衍生物M26.2描述于WO2008/66153和WO2008/108491中。哒嗪化合物M26.3描述于JP2008/115155中。丙二腈类化合物(M23.1)和(M23.2)描述于WO02/089579,WO02/090320,WO02/090321,WO04/006677,WO05/068423,WO05/068432和WO05/063694中。
可以包括在本发明组合物中的合适杀真菌剂包括下列化合物(“N化合物”):
(N1)呼吸抑制剂:
(N1a)在Qo位置的配合物III抑制剂(例如嗜球果伞素类):
-嗜球果伞素类:腈嘧菌酯(azoxystrobin)、醚菌胺(dimoxystrobin)、烯肟菌酯(enestroburin)、氟嘧菌酯(fluoxastrobin)、亚胺菌(kresoxim-methyl)、叉氨苯酰胺(metominostrobin)、肟醚菌胺(orysastrobin)、啶氧菌酯(picoxystrobin)、唑菌胺酯(pyraclostrobin)、pyrametostrobin、唑菌酯(pyraoxystrobin)、pyribencarb、肟菌酯(trifloxystrobin)、(2-氯-5-[1-(3-甲基苄氧亚氨基)乙基]苄基)氨基甲酸甲酯和2-(2-(3-(2,6-二氯苯基)-1-甲基亚烯丙基氨基氧甲基)苯基)-2-甲氧亚氨基-N-甲基乙酰胺;
-唑烷二酮类和咪唑啉酮类:唑酮菌(famoxadone)、咪唑菌酮(fenamidone);
(N1b)配合物II抑制剂(例如羧酰胺类)
-羧酰苯胺类:麦锈灵(benodanil)、bixafen、啶酰菌胺(boscalid)、萎锈灵(carboxin)、呋菌胺(fenfuram)、环酰菌胺(fenhexamid)、氟吡菌酰胺(fluopyram)、氟酰胺(flutolanil)、呋吡唑灵(furametpyr)、isopyrazam、异噻菌胺(isotianil)、丙氧灭绣胺(mepronil)、氧化萎锈灵(oxycarboxin)、penflufen、吡噻菌胺(penthiopyrad)、sedaxane、叶枯酞(tecloftalam)、溴氟唑菌(thifluzamide)、噻酰菌胺(tiadinil)、2-氨基-4-甲基噻唑-5-甲酰苯胺、N-(3',4',5'-三氟联苯-2-基)-3-二氟甲基-1-甲基-1H-吡唑-4-甲酰胺、N-(4'-三氟甲硫基联苯-2-基)-3-二氟甲基-1-甲基-1H-吡唑-4-甲酰胺和N-(2-(1,3,3-三甲基丁基)苯基)-1,3-二甲基-5-氟-1H-吡唑-4-甲酰胺;
(N1c)在Qi位置的配合物III抑制剂:
-氰霜唑(cyazofamid)、amisulbrom;
(N1d)其他呼吸抑制剂(配合物I,去偶剂)
-二氟林(diflumetorim);
-硝基苯基衍生物:乐杀螨(binapacryl)、敌螨通(dinobuton)、敌螨普(dinocap)、氟啶胺(fluazinam)、异丙消(nitrothal-isopropyl)、四氯硝基苯(tecnazen);
-嘧菌腙(ferimzone);
-有机金属化合物:三苯锡基盐,例如薯瘟锡(fentin-acetate)、三苯锡氯(fentin chloride)或毒菌锡(fentin hydroxide);
-ametoctradin;
-硅噻菌胺(silthiofam);
(N2)甾醇生物合成抑制剂(SBI杀真菌剂)
(N2a)C14脱甲基酶抑制剂(DMI杀真菌剂,例如三唑类、咪唑类):
-三唑类:戊环唑(azaconazole)、双苯三唑醇(bitertanol)、糠菌唑(bromuconazole)、环唑醇(cyproconazole)、醚唑(difenoconazole)、烯唑醇(diniconazole)、烯唑醇M(diniconazole-M)、氧唑菌(epoxiconazole)、腈苯唑(fenbuconazole)、喹唑菌酮(fluquinconazole)、氟硅唑(flusilazole)、粉唑醇(flutriafol)、己唑醇(hexaconazole)、酰胺唑(imibenconazole)、环戊唑醇(ipconazole)、环戊唑菌(metconazole)、腈菌唑(myclobutanil)、多效唑(paclobutrazole)、戊菌唑(penconazole)、丙环唑(propiconazole)、丙硫菌唑(prothioconazole)、硅氟唑(simeconazole)、戊唑醇(tebuconazole)、氟醚唑(tetraconazole)、三唑酮(triadimefon)、唑菌醇(triadimenol)、戊叉唑菌(triticonazole)、烯效唑(uniconazole);
-咪唑类:抑霉唑(imazalil)、稻瘟酯(pefurazoate)、oxpoconazole、丙氯灵(prochloraz)、氟菌唑(triflumizole);
-嘧啶类、吡啶类和哌嗪类:异嘧菌醇(fenarimol)、氟苯嘧啶醇(nuarimol)、啶斑肟(pyrifenox)、嗪氨灵(triforine);
(N2b)δ14-还原酶抑制剂(胺类,例如吗啉类、哌啶类)
-吗啉类:4-十二烷基-2,6-二甲基吗啉(aldimorph)、吗菌灵(dodemorph)、吗菌灵乙酸酯(dodemorph-acetate)、丁苯吗啉(fenpropimorph)、克啉菌(tridemorph);
-哌啶类:苯锈啶(fenpropidin)、粉病灵(piperalin);
-螺缩酮胺类:螺茂胺(spiroxamine);
(N2c)3-酮基还原酶抑制剂
-羟基酰替苯胺类:环酰菌胺(fenhexamid);
(N3)核酸合成抑制剂
(N3a)RNA、DNA合成
-苯基酰胺类或酰基氨基酸类杀真菌剂:苯霜灵(benalaxyl)、精苯霜灵(benalaxyl-M)、kiralaxyl、甲霜灵(metalaxyl)、精甲霜灵(metalaxyl-M)(mefenoxam)、甲呋酰胺(ofurace)、霜灵(oxadixyl);
-异唑类和异噻唑啉酮类:土菌消(hymexazole)、异噻菌酮(octhilinone);
(N3b)DNA拓扑异构酶抑制剂
-恶喹酸(oxolinic acid);
(N3c)核苷酸代谢(例如腺苷酸脱氨基酶)
-羟基(2-氨基)嘧啶类:磺嘧菌灵(bupirimate);
(N4)细胞分裂抑制剂和/或细胞骨架
(N4a)微管蛋白抑制剂
-苯并咪唑类和托布津类(thiophanate):苯菌灵(benomyl)、多菌灵(carbendazim)、麦穗宁(fuberidazole)、涕必灵(thiabendazole)、甲基托布津(thiophanate-methyl);
-三唑并嘧啶类:5-氯-7-(4-甲基哌啶-1-基)-6-(2,4,6-三氟苯基)-[1,2,4]三唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶;
(N4b)其他细胞分裂抑制剂
-苯甲酰胺类和苯基乙酰胺类:乙霉威(diethofencarb)、噻唑菌胺(ethaboxam)、戊菌隆(pencycuron)、氟吡菌胺(fluopicolide)、苯酰菌胺(zoxamide);
(N4C)肌动蛋白抑制剂
-二苯甲酮类:苯菌酮(metrafenone);
(N5)氨基酸和蛋白合成抑制剂
(N5a)蛋氨酸合成抑制剂(苯胺嘧啶类)
-苯胺基嘧啶类:环丙嘧啶(cyprodinil)、嘧菌胺(mepanipyrim)、氯草定(nitrapyrin)、二甲嘧菌胺(pyrimethanil);
(N5b)蛋白合成抑制剂(苯胺基嘧啶类)
-抗生素类:灭瘟素(blasticidin-S)、春雷素(kasugamycin)、春雷素盐酸盐水合物(kasugamycin hydrochloride-hydrate)、米多霉素(mildiomycin)、链霉素(streptomycin)、土霉素(oxytetracyclin)、多氧霉素(polyoxine)、井冈霉素(validamycin A);
(N6)信号转导抑制剂
(N6a)MAP/组氨酸蛋白激酶抑制剂(例如苯胺基嘧啶类)
-二羧酰亚胺类:氟菌安(fluoroimide)、异丙定(iprodione)、杀菌利(procymidone)、烯菌酮(vinclozolin);
-苯基吡咯类:拌种咯(fenpiclonil)、氟菌(fludioxonil);
(N6b)G蛋白抑制剂(喹啉类)
-喹啉类:喹氧灵(quinoxyfen);
(N7)类脂和膜合成抑制剂
(N7a)磷脂生物合成抑制剂(例如)
-有机磷化合物:克瘟散(edifenphos)、异稻瘟净(iprobenfos)、定菌磷(pyrazophos);
-二硫杂戊环类:稻瘟灵(isoprothiolane);
(N7b)类脂过氧化
-芳族烃类:氯硝胺(dicloran)、五氯硝基苯(quintozene)、四氯硝基苯(tecnazene)、甲基立枯磷(tolclofos-methyl)、联苯、地茂散(chloroneb)、氯唑灵(etridiazole);
(N7c)羧酸酰胺类(CAA杀真菌剂)
-肉桂酸或扁桃酸酰胺类:烯酰吗啉(dimethomorph)、氟吗啉(flumorph)、双炔酰菌胺(mandiproamid)、丁吡吗啉(pyrimorph);
-缬氨酰胺氨基甲酸酯类:苯噻菌胺(benthiavalicarb)、异丙菌胺(iprovalicarb)、pyribencarb、valifenalate和N-(1-(1-(4-氰基苯基)乙磺酰基)丁-2-基)氨基甲酸4-氟苯基酯;
(N7d)影响细胞膜渗透性的化合物和脂肪酸
-氨基甲酸酯类:百维灵(propamocarb)、霜霉威盐酸盐(propamocarb-hydrochlorid);
(N8)具有多位点作用的抑制剂
(N8a)无机活性物质
-波尔多液(Bordeaux混合物)、醋酸铜、氢氧化铜、王铜(copperoxychloride)、碱式硫酸铜、硫;
(N8b)硫代-和二硫代氨基甲酸酯类
-福美铁(ferbam)、代森锰锌(mancozeb)、代森锰(maneb)、威百亩(metam)、磺菌威(methasulphocarb)、代森联(metiram)、甲基代森锌(propineb)、福美双(thiram)、代森锌(zineb)、福美锌(ziram);
(N8c)有机氯化合物(例如邻苯二甲酰亚胺类、硫酰胺类、氯代腈类)
-敌菌灵(anilazine)、百菌清(chlorothalonil)、敌菌丹(captafol)、克菌丹(captan)、灭菌丹(folpet)、抑菌灵(dichlofluanid)、双氯酚(dichlorophen)、磺菌胺(flusulfamide)、六氯苯(hexachlorobenzene)、五氯酚(pentachlorphenole)及其盐、四氯苯酞(phthalide)、对甲抑菌灵(tolylfluanid)、N-(4-氯-2-硝基苯基)-N-乙基-4-甲基苯磺酰胺;
(N8d)胍类
-胍、多果定(dodine)、多果定游离碱、双胍盐(guazatine)、双胍辛胺(guazatine-acetate)、双胍辛醋酸盐(iminoctadine)、双胍辛胺三乙酸盐(iminoctadine-triacetate)、双八胍盐(iminoctadine-tris(albesilate));
(N8e)蒽醌类
-二噻农(dithianon);
(N9)细胞壁合成抑制剂
(N9a)葡聚糖合成抑制剂
-井冈霉素(validamycin)、多氧霉素(polyoxin B);
(N9b)黑素合成抑制剂
-咯喹酮(pyroquilon)、三环唑(tricyclazole)、氯环丙酰胺(carpropamide)、双氯氰菌胺(dicyclomet)、氰菌胺(fenoxanil);
(N10)植物防御诱发剂
(N10a)水杨酸途径
-噻二唑素(acibenzolar-S-methyl);
(N10b)其他
-噻菌灵(probenazole)、异噻菌胺(isotianil)、噻酰菌胺(tiadinil)、调环酸钙(prohexadione-calcium);
-膦酸酯类:藻菌磷(fosetyl)、藻菌磷铝(fosetyl-aluminum)、亚磷酸及其盐;
(N11)未知作用模式
-拌棉醇(bronopol)、灭螨蜢(chinomethionat)、环氟菌胺(cyflufenamid)、清菌脲(cymoxanil)、棉隆(dazomet)、咪菌威(debacarb)、哒菌清(diclomezine)、野燕枯(difenzoquat)、野燕枯甲基硫酸酯(difenzoquat-methylsulfate)、二苯胺、氟联苯菌(flumetover)、磺菌胺(flusulfamide)、flutianil、磺菌威(methasulfocarb)、喹啉铜(oxin-copper)、丙氧喹啉(proquinazid)、tebufloquin、叶枯酞(tecloftalam)、唑菌嗪(triazoxide)、2-丁氧基-6-碘-3-丙基苯并吡喃-4-酮、N-(环丙基甲氧亚氨基-(6-二氟甲氧基-2,3-二氟苯基)甲基)-2-苯基乙酰胺、N'-(4-(4-氯-3-三氟甲基苯氧基)-2,5-二甲基苯基)-N-乙基-N-甲基甲脒、N'-(4-(4-氟-3-三氟甲基苯氧基)-2,5-二甲基苯基)-N-乙基-N-甲基甲脒、N'-(2-甲基-5-三氟甲基-4-(3-三甲基硅烷基丙氧基)苯基)-N-乙基-N-甲基甲脒、N'-(5-二氟甲基-2-甲基-4-(3-三甲基硅烷基丙氧基)苯基)-N-乙基-N-甲基甲脒、2-{1-[2-(5-甲基-3-三氟甲基吡唑-1-基)乙酰基]哌啶-4-基}-噻唑-4-甲酸甲基-(1,2,3,4-四氢萘-1-基)酰胺、2-{1-[2-(5-甲基-3-三氟甲基吡唑-1-基)乙酰基]哌啶-4-基}-噻唑-4-甲酸甲基-(R)-1,2,3,4-四氢萘-1-基酰胺、甲氧基乙酸6-叔丁基-8-氟-2,3-二甲基喹啉-4-基酯和N-甲基-2-{1-[(5-甲基-3-三氟甲基-1H-吡唑-1-基)乙酰基]哌啶-4-基}-N-[(1R)-1,2,3,4-四氢萘-1-基]-4-噻唑甲酰胺、3-[5-(4-氯苯基)-2,3-二甲基异唑烷-3-基]吡啶、3-[5-(4-甲基苯基)-2,3-二甲基异唑烷-3-基]吡啶、5-氨基-2-异丙基-3-氧代-4-邻甲苯基-2,3-二氢吡唑-1-硫代甲酸S-烯丙酯、N-(6-甲氧基吡啶-3-基)环丙烷甲酰胺、5-氯-1-(4,6-二甲氧基嘧啶-2-基)-2-甲基-1H-苯并咪唑、2-(4-氯苯基)-N-[4-(3,4-二甲氧基苯基)异唑-5-基]-2-丙-2-炔氧基乙酰胺;
(N12)生长调节剂
-脱落酸(abscisic acid)、先甲草胺(amidochlor)、嘧啶醇(ancymidol)、苄胺基嘌呤(6-benzylaminopurine)、油菜素内酯(brassinolide)、地乐胺(butralin)、矮壮素阳离子(chlormequat)(矮壮素(chlormequatchloride))、氯化胆碱(choline chloride)、环丙酸酰胺(cyclanilide)、丁酰肼(daminozide)、敌草克(dikegulac)、噻节因(dimethipin)、2,6-二甲基吡啶(2,6-dimethylpuridine)、乙烯利(ethephon)、抑芽敏(flumetralin)、呋嘧醇(flurprimidol)、达草氟(fluthiacet)、调吡脲(forchlorfenuron)、九二O(gibberellic acid)、抗倒胺(inabenfide)、吲哚-3-乙酸、抑芽丹(maleic hydrazide)、氟草磺(mefluidide)、助壮素阳离子(mepiquat)(助壮素(mepiquat chloride))、萘乙酸、N-6-苄基腺嘌呤、多效唑、调环酸(prohexadione)(调环酸钙)、茉莉酸诱导体(prohydrojasmon)、赛二唑素(thidiazuron)、抑芽唑(triapenthenol)、脱叶磷(tributylphosphorotrithioate)、2,3,5-三碘苯甲酸、抗倒酯(trinexapac-ethyl)和烯效唑;
(N13)生物控制剂
-抗真菌生物控制剂:NRRL号为B-21661的枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillussubstilis)菌株(例如来自AgraQuest,Inc.,USA.的 MAX和ASO),NRRL号为B-30087的短小芽孢杆菌(Bacillus pumilus)菌株(例如来自AgraQuest,Inc.,USA.的和Plus),韭细基格孢(Ulocladium oudemansii)(例如来自新西兰BotriZen Ltd.的产品BOTRY-ZEN)、脱乙酰壳多糖(例如来自新西兰BotriZen Ltd.的ARMOUR-ZEN)。
可以掺入本公开的农药组合物中的合适除草剂包括下列化合物(“P化合物”):
(P1)乙酰胺类:乙草胺(acetochlor)、甲草胺(alachlor)、丁草胺(butachlor)、克草胺(dimethachlor)、噻吩草胺(dimethenamid)、氟噻草胺(flufenacet)、苯噻草胺(mefenacet)、异丙甲草胺(metolachlor)、吡草胺(metazachlor)、草萘胺(napropamide)、萘丙胺(naproanilide)、烯草胺(pethoxamid)、丙草胺(pretilachlor)、扑草胺(propachlor)、噻醚草胺(thenylchlor);
(P2)氨基酸衍生物:双丙氨酰膦(bilanafos)、草甘膦(glyphosate)、草铵膦(glufosinate)、草硫膦(sulfosate);
(P3)芳氧基苯氧基丙酸酯类:炔草酯(clodinafop)、氰氟草酯(cyhalofop-butyl)、唑禾草灵(fenoxaprop)、吡氟禾草灵(fluazifop)、吡氟氯禾灵(haloxyfop)、恶唑酰草胺(metamifop)、喔草酯(propaquizafop)、喹禾灵(quizalofop)、喹禾灵(四氢糠基酯)(quizalofop-p-tefuryl);
(P4)联吡啶类:敌草快阳离子(diquat)、对草快阳离子(paraquat);
(P5)(硫代)氨基甲酸酯类:黄草灵(asulam)、苏达灭(butylate)、长杀草(carbetamide)、异苯敌草(desmedipham)、哌草丹(dimepiperate)、扑草灭(eptam)(EPTC)、禾草畏(esprocarb)、草达灭(molinate)、坪草丹(orbencarb)、苯敌草(phenmedipham)、苄草丹(prosulfocarb)、稗草畏(pyributicarb)、杀草丹(thiobencarb)、野麦畏(triallate);
(P6)环己二酮类:丁氧环酮(butroxydim)、烯草酮(clethodim)、噻草酮(cycloxydim)、环苯草酮(profoxydim)、稀禾定(sethoxydim)、醌肟草(tepraloxydim)、肟草酮(tralkoxydim);
(P7)二硝基苯胺类:氟草胺(benfluralin)、丁氟消草(ethalfluralin)、黄草消(oryzalin)、胺硝草(pendimethalin)、氨基丙氟灵(prodiamine)、氟乐灵(trifluralin);
(P8)二苯基醚类:氟锁草醚(acifluorfen)、苯草醚(aclonifen)、治草醚(bifenox)、氯甲草(diclofop)、氯氟草醚(ethoxyfen)、氟黄胺草醚(fomesafen)、乳氟禾草灵(lactofen)、乙氧氟草醚(oxyfluorfen);
(P9)羟基苄腈类:溴苯腈(bromoxynil)、敌草腈(dichlobenil)、碘苯腈(ioxynil);
(P10)咪唑啉酮类:咪草酯(imazamethabenz)、咪草啶酸(imazamox)、甲基咪草烟(imazapic)、灭草烟(imazapyr)、灭草喹(imazaquin)、咪草烟(imazethapyr);
(P11)苯氧基乙酸类:稗草胺(clomeprop)、2,4-二氯苯氧基乙酸(2,4-D)、2,4-DB、2,4-滴丙酸(dichlorprop)、2甲4氯(MCPA)、2甲4氯乙硫酯(MCPA-thioethyl)、2甲4氯丁酸(MCPB)、2甲4氯丙酸(mecoprop);
(P12)吡嗪类:杀草敏(chloridazon)、氟哒嗪草酯(flufenpyr-ethyl)、达草氟(fluthiacet)、达草灭(norflurazon)、达草止(pyridate);
(P13)吡啶类:氨草啶(aminopyralid)、二氯皮考啉酸(clopyralid)、吡氟草胺(diflufenican)、氟硫草定(dithiopyr)、氟草同(fluridone)、氟草烟(fluroxypyr)、毒莠定(picloram)、氟吡酰草胺(picolinafen)、噻氟啶草(thiazopyr);
(P14)磺酰脲类:磺氨黄隆(amidosulfuron)、四唑黄隆(azimsulfuron)、苄嘧黄隆(bensulfuron)、氯嘧黄隆(chlorimuron-ethyl)、绿黄隆(chlorsulfuron)、醚黄隆(cinosulfuron)、环丙黄隆(cyclosulfamuron)、乙氧嘧黄隆(ethoxysulfuron)、啶嘧黄隆(flazasulfuron)、氟吡磺隆(flucetosulfuron)、氟啶黄隆(flupyrsulfuron)、酰胺磺隆(foramsulfuron)、吡氯黄隆(halosulfuron)、啶咪黄隆(imazosulfuron)、甲基碘磺隆(iodosulfuron)、甲磺胺磺隆(mesosulfuron)、metazosulfuron、甲黄隆(metsulfuron-methyl)、烟嘧黄隆(nicosulfuron)、环丙氧黄隆(oxasulfuron)、氟嘧黄隆(primisulfuron)、氟丙黄隆(prosulfuron)、吡嘧黄隆(pyrazosulfuron)、玉嘧黄隆(rimsulfuron)、嘧黄隆(sulfometuron)、乙黄黄隆(sulfosulfuron)、噻黄隆(thifensulfuron)、醚苯黄隆(triasulfuron)、苯黄隆(tribenuron)、三氟啶磺隆(trifloxysulfuron)、氟胺磺隆(triflusulfuron)、三氟甲磺隆(tritosulfuron)、1-((2-氯-6-丙基咪唑并[1,2-b]哒嗪-3-基)磺酰基)-3-(4,6-二甲氧基嘧啶-2-基)脲;
(P15)三嗪类:莠灭净(ametryn)、莠去津(atrazine)、草净津(cyanazine)、戊草津(dimethametryn)、乙嗪草酮(ethiozin)、六嗪同(hexazinone)、苯嗪草(metamitron)、赛克津(metribuzin)、扑草净(prometryn)、西玛津(simazine)、特丁津(terbuthylazine)、去草净(terbutryn)、苯氧丙胺津(triaziflam);
(P16)脲类:绿麦隆(chlorotoluron)、香草隆(daimuron)、敌草隆(diuron)、伏草隆(fluometuron)、异丙隆(isoproturon)、利谷隆(linuron)、噻唑隆(methabenzthiazuron)、丁唑隆(tebuthiuron);
(P17)其他乙酰乳酸合成酶抑制剂:双草醚钠盐(bispyribac-sodium)、氯酯磺草胺(cloransulam-methyl)、唑嘧磺胺(diclosulam)、双氟磺草胺(florasulam)、氟酮磺隆(flucarbazone)、氟唑啶草(flumetsulam)、唑草磺胺(metosulam)、嘧苯胺磺隆(ortho-sulfamuron)、五氟磺草胺(penoxsulam)、丙氧基卡巴腙(propoxycarbazone)、丙酯草醚(pyribambenz-propyl)、嘧苯草肟(pyribenzoxim)、环酯草醚(pyriftalid)、肟啶草(pyriminobac-methyl)、pyrimisulfan、嘧硫苯甲酸(pyrithiobac)、pyroxasulfone、甲氧磺草胺(pyroxsulam);
(P18)其他:胺唑草酮(amicarbazone)、三唑胺(aminotriazole)、莎稗磷(anilofos)、beflubutamid、草除灵(benazolin)、bencarbazone、benfluresate、吡草酮(benzofenap)、噻草平(bentazone)、苯并双环酮(benzobicyclon)、bicyclopyrone、除草定(bromacil)、溴丁酰草胺(bromobutide)、氟丙嘧草酯(butafenacil)、草胺磷(butamifos)、胺草唑(cafenstrole)、氟酮唑草(carfentrazone)、吲哚酮草酯(cinidon-ethyl)、敌草索(chlorthal)、环庚草醚(cinmethylin)、异恶草酮(clomazone)、苄草隆(cumyluron)、cyprosulfamide、麦草畏(dicamba)、苯敌快(difenzoquat)、二氟吡隆(diflufenzopyr)、稗内脐蠕孢菌(Drechsleramonoceras)、敌草腈(endothal)、乙呋草黄(ethofumesate)、乙苯酰草(etobenzanid)、fenoxasulfone、四唑酰草胺(fentrazamide)、氟烯草酸(flumiclorac-pentyl)、氟嗪酮(flumioxazin)、胺草唑(flupoxam)、氟咯草酮(fluorochloridone)、呋草酮(flurtamone)、茚草酮(indanofan)、异恶草胺(isoxaben)、异氟草(isoxaflutole)、环草定(lenacil)、敌稗(propanil)、拿草特(propyzamide)、二氯喹啉酸(quinclorac)、喹草酸(quinmerac)、硝草酮(mesotrione)、甲胂酸(methylarsonic acid)、抑草生(naptalam)、炔丙唑草(oxadiargyl)、恶草灵(oxadiazon)、氯嗪草(oxaziclomefone)、戊唑草(pentoxazone)、唑啉草酯(pinoxaden)、双唑草腈(pyraclonil)、吡草醚(pyraflufen-ethyl)、pyrasulfotole、苄草唑(pyrazoxyfen)、吡唑特(pyrazolynate)、灭藻醌(quinoclamine)、嘧啶肟草醚(saflufenacil)、磺草酮(sulcotrione)、磺胺草唑(sulfentrazone)、特草定(terbacil)、tefuryltrione、tembotrione、thiencarbazone、topramezone、(3-[2-氯-4-氟-5-(3-甲基-2,6-二氧代-4-三氟甲基-3,6-二氢-2H-嘧啶-1-基)苯氧基]吡啶-2-基氧基)乙酸乙酯、6-氨基-5-氯-2-环丙基嘧啶-4-甲酸甲酯、6-氯-3-(2-环丙基-6-甲基苯氧基)哒嗪-4-醇、4-氨基-3-氯-6-(4-氯苯基)-5-氟吡啶-2-甲酸、4-氨基-3-氯-6-(4-氯-2-氟-3-甲氧基苯基)吡啶-2-甲酸甲酯和4-氨基-3-氯-6-(4-氯-3-二甲基氨基-2-氟苯基)吡啶-2-甲酸甲酯。
本公开的农药通常呈悬浮于该农药组合物中以及特别是在该组合物的稀释剂内和整个稀释剂中的颗粒状。上面所列化合物中的任一种通常可以在该组合物中呈颗粒状。例如,活性物质可以呈结晶和/或粉末形式(例如可以使用较纯的固体颗粒状物质)并且可以分散在整个稀释剂中,其中活性物在稀释剂中不可溶或者至少部分不可溶。本公开的组合物通常不为乳液;相反,该组合物在包装之后通常为胶态分散体且在施用之后为胶态泡沫。就此而言,应理解的是术语“颗粒状”在本文的使用并不包括已经微囊包封且悬浮于该农药组合物中的液体或颗粒状物质。含有微囊包封农药的农药组合物可能具有比含有未微囊包封农药的配制剂要低的活性且通常生产起来更昂贵。
在某些实施方案中,该颗粒状农药为锐劲特(同义词为“fluocyanobenpyrazole”)。锐劲特在化学上已知为(±)-5-氨基-1-(2,6-二氯-α,α,α-三氟对甲苯基)-4-三氟甲基亚磺酰基吡唑-3-甲腈且可以以工业品级得到或者以浓缩物如SC市购。锐劲特的结构如下式(I)所示:
已经发现锐劲特在许多害虫的处理中有效,这些害虫例如包括白蚁、蚂蚁、甲虫、蟑螂、跳蚤、蜱、蝼蛄、蓟马、根虫和象鼻虫。锐劲特通常可能在2ng/白蚁的剂量下对白蚁有毒且可能在约1ng/蚂蚁的剂量下对蚂蚁有毒。
当将锐劲特用作农药时,颗粒状锐劲特的平均标称直径可以小于约50μm且在其他实施方案中小于约25μm,小于10μm或甚至小于5μm。在各个其他实施方案中,颗粒状锐劲特的平均标称直径为约0.5-25μm,约0.5-10μm或约1-5μm.。由于锐劲特的小粒度,该农药组合物在施用之前和之后裸眼看起来均匀。更小的粒度也是优选的,因为颗粒越小就越不可能在该组合物的储存过程中沉降出来。锐劲特的合适市售来源例如包括工业品级的锐劲特和SC。
农药组合物中的农药用量可以取决于该组合物的预期用途而变化,这例如包括意欲防治的害虫。在一个实施方案中,使害虫与农药有效量的农药组合物接触。对本公开而言,该组合物的“农药有效量”包括驱除害虫的量且可能在另一实施方案中包括杀灭害虫的组合物量。当将锐劲特用作农药时,该组合物包含至少约0.005重量%颗粒状锐劲特且在其他实施方案中包含至少约0.01重量%,至少约0.04重量%,至少约0.1重量%或甚至至少约0.5重量%颗粒状锐劲特。在各个其他实施方案中,该组合物包含约0.005-3重量%颗粒状锐劲特,约0.005-1重量%颗粒状锐劲特或约0.01-1重量%颗粒状锐劲特。
当利用锐劲特以外的农药(如上面所列任何化合物,如氟唑虫清、氰氟虫胺、氯虫酰胺(chlroatraniprole)、二唑虫(idoxacarb)和甲体氯氰菊酯(α-cypermethrin))时,该组合物包含至少约0.005重量%农药且在其他实施方案中包含至少约0.01%,至少约0.1%或甚至至少约1重量%农药。
如上所述,该颗粒状农药可以悬浮于该农药组合物的稀释剂中。在一个实施方案中,该稀释剂为水。该组合物通常包含至少约50重量%稀释剂且在其他实施方案中基于该组合物包含至少约75重量%,至少约85重量%或甚至至少约90重量%稀释剂。
在一些实施方案中,该农药组合物包含增稠剂。增稠剂通常用于提高该组合物的粘度且赋予该组合物以所需的流体性能。通常可以将天然或合成多糖胶和一些粘土(例如膨润土粘土)用作增稠剂。合适的增稠剂是黄原胶、瓜尔豆胶、阿拉伯胶、藻蛋白(alginin)、黄蓍胶、藻酸钠及其混合物。在一个实施方案中,该增稠剂为黄原胶。该组合物可以包含至少约0.01重量%增稠剂且在另一实施方案中包括至少约0.05重量%增稠剂。在各个实施方案中,该农药组合物基于该组合物包含约0.05-1重量%增稠剂,基于该组合物约0.08-0.5重量%或约0.08-0.15重量%增稠剂。该组合物可以包含不止一种增稠剂,增稠剂总量对应于前面所列量。
该组合物还可以包含发泡稳定剂(或同义词“破坏剂”)。该发泡稳定剂通常调节该组合物在施用之后保持泡沫相的时间长度,较高量的发泡稳定剂通常对于该组合物更长时间保持为泡沫,反之亦然。该泡沫组合物通常随着时间的流逝而崩解成液体组合物。泡沫稳定剂可以减缓泡沫崩解的速率。该组合物可以包含至少约0.01重量%泡沫稳定剂且在另一实施方案中包含至少约0.05重量%泡沫稳定剂。在各个实施方案中,该农药组合物基于该组合物包含约0.05-1重量%泡沫稳定剂,约0.08-0.5%或约0.08-0.15重量%泡沫稳定剂。
在本公开的几个实施方案中,该泡沫稳定剂和该增稠剂是相同的,即一种化合物或一系列化合物起增稠剂和泡沫稳定剂的作用。在一个实施方案中,该泡沫稳定剂和该增稠剂为选自黄原胶、瓜尔豆胶、阿拉伯胶、藻蛋白、黄蓍胶、藻酸钠的化合物及其混合物。在另一实施方案中,该泡沫稳定剂和增稠剂为黄原胶。在其中该增稠剂和该泡沫稳定剂为相同的化合物或相同系列的化合物的实施方案中,该化合物可以以上面与增稠剂或泡沫稳定剂相关的所列量存在于该组合物中。
在一个实施方案中,该组合物能够在施用后保持泡沫相至少约30分钟。该类组合物一般可称为“缓慢破裂的”。这在要将该组合物施用于难以达到的空隙、裂缝、空间或表面时是理想的,这些空隙、裂缝、空间或表面通常位于或靠近居住或商业结构体的外部或内部,例如细木家具内的空隙、木基结构支撑体的内部、砖内的空隙、挡土墙(特别是木基结构体如铁路轨枕)以及为路基的空隙或裂缝。当所施用组合物原始体积的至少5体积%可以表征为“浮泡”或“泡沫”稠度时,该组合物通常呈“泡沫相”。
在一些实施方案中,希望该组合物能够在施用之后保持泡沫相至少约30分钟,以提高有毒农药在目标施用位置的分布和生物利用率。通过保持泡沫相,该组合物保持悬浮于被处理位置内更长时间,这允许颗粒状农药保持均匀分散于被处理位置内或被处理位置上。这对于处理内部或结构空隙特别有利。泡沫保持完整的时间越长,从处理区域排出或流出并将有毒化合物带入可能未被保护或者允许人或动物的非蓄意接触的周围区域的水分就越少。维持颗粒状农药在整个被处理区域上的分布也消除了农药浓度太低的点或区域的产生而影响目标昆虫或其他节肢动物,同时产生其中农药浓度可能足够大而导致驱除昆虫或其他节肢动物的点或区域。
在一个实施方案中,该组合物能够在施用之后保持泡沫相至少约30分钟。在各个其他实施方案中,该组合物能够在施用之后保持泡沫相至少约1小时,至少约2小时或甚至至少约4小时。在各个其他实施方案中,该组合物能够在施用之后保持泡沫相约10分钟至10小时或约30分钟至5小时。
在其他实施方案中,希望该农药组合物能够在施用后呈泡沫相,但在施用后保持泡沫相小于约10分钟。该类组合物一般可称为“快速破裂的”。这通常在户外施用农药组合物时是理想的,例如施用于暴露于典型气候条件下的外部表面。快速破裂泡沫的优点是施用该组合物的个体可以容易地见到已经被处理的泡沫区,避免了过度施用或不希望区域的可能处理,而泡沫较快地崩解以促进处理区的干燥,这降低了湿材料借助施用后被处理区域中人或动物来往的不希望移动或转移的可能性。
在一个实施方案中,施用后的组合物能够在施用后保持泡沫相小于约10分钟。该农药组合物能够在施用后呈泡沫相且在施用后保持泡沫相小于约5分钟且在其他实施方案中在施用后保持小于约2分钟,小于约1分钟,小于约30秒以及甚至小于约15秒。在一些实施方案中,该农药组合物在施用后起泡约1秒至5分钟,约1秒至1分钟,约5秒至1分钟或约5-30秒。泡沫破裂的速率通常可以通过选择该组合物中所包含的表面活性剂量控制,表面活性剂的量越大,对应的泡沫破裂速率就越低。该速率还可以通过选择合适的杆和/或喷嘴而控制。该组合物起泡的时间长短也可以通过使用烃喷射剂或通过使用增稠剂如黄原胶而提高。
快速破裂的泡沫广泛地起视觉指示剂的作用(例如与作为一旦施用就难以看见的液体施用于特别是地表面的常规组合物相反),以允许施用该组合物的个体容易地看到已经处理的区域,从而降低过度施用或可能处理不希望区域的风险。该泡沫较快地破裂或崩解以促进处理区域的干燥,从而降低湿材料因施用后人、动物来往和/或风的不希望移动或转移的可能性。一旦处理完成,也没有不希望的或肉眼不可见的指示剂残留。
尽管在一些实施方案中该组合物被构造成以泡沫形式输送视觉指示剂,但应理解的是代替它或者额外地可以在该组合物中提供其他视觉指示剂而不背离本公开的范围。例如,在一些实施方案中,该组合物可以作为液体或泡沫(或粉末)输送且可以包含着色剂形式的视觉指示剂,以允许应用该处理的人追踪何处已经进行施用。尤其在该类实施方案中,着色剂可以适当地在施用后短时间褪色或消失(例如在上面所讨论的快速破裂泡沫相同的时间要求内)。
该农药组合物通常在施用时膨胀并转换成泡沫相。该可发泡农药组合物的特征可在于泡沫膨胀比为至少约2:1。在其他实施方案中,该组合物的特征在于泡沫膨胀比为至少约10:1或甚至约25:1。在各个其他实施方案中,该即用可发泡农药组合物的特征在于约2:1-60:1或约10:1-40:1的泡沫膨胀比。
该农药组合物还可以含有表面活性剂体系。该表面活性剂体系通常可以引起该组合物在施用后呈泡沫相。该组合物可以含有基于该组合物为至少约0.05重量%的表面活性剂体系且在其他实施方案中基于该组合物为至少约0.15重量%或甚至至少约0.25重量%的表面活性剂体系。在其他各个实施方案中,该农药组合物基于该组合物包含约0.05-0.45重量%表面活性剂体系或基于该组合物包含约0.1-0.4重量%表面活性剂体系。
该表面活性剂体系可以包括合成或天然表面活性剂并且许多表面活性剂可以包括在该体系中。合适的表面活性剂例如包括脂肪酸皂类。表面活性剂可以选自椰子脂肪酸钾、月桂基硫酸钠、聚氧乙烯月桂基醚硫酸钠、α-烯烃磺酸盐及其混合物。合适的α-烯烃磺酸盐包括C14-C16烯烃磺酸盐及其混合物。在特殊实施方案中,该表面活性剂体系包含椰子脂肪酸钾和α-烯烃磺酸盐。
该表面活性剂体系可以包含至少约0.05重量%椰子脂肪酸且在其他实施方案中包含至少约0.1重量%椰子脂肪酸或至少约0.15重量%椰子脂肪酸。在各个其他实施方案中,该表面活性剂体系包含约0.05-1重量%椰子脂肪酸或约0.05-0.5重量%椰子脂肪酸。
该表面活性剂体系可以包含至少约0.01重量%C14-C16烯烃磺酸盐,至少约0.05重量%C14-C16烯烃磺酸盐或甚至至少约0.09重量%C14-C16烯烃磺酸盐。在各个其他实施方案中,该表面活性剂体系包含约0.01-0.5重量%C14-C16烯烃磺酸盐,约0.01-0.2重量%C14-C16烯烃磺酸盐。表面活性剂在该表面活性剂体系内的总量基于该组合物为至少约0.05重量%表面活性剂,至少约0.1重量%,至少约0.25重量%或甚至至少约0.4重量%表面活性剂。
本公开实施方案的即用农药组合物还可以包含防腐剂化合物。防腐剂化合物用于防止该组合物被微生物如细菌和真菌生物分解。合适的防腐剂包括丁基化羟基甲苯、丁基化羟基茴香醚、叔丁基氢醌、没食子酸丙基酯、对羟基苯甲酸酯、二氧化硫、乙二胺四乙酸、苯甲酸钠及其混合物。在一个实施方案中,该防腐剂为苯甲酸钠。防腐剂化合物在该组合物中的总量可以基于该组合物为至少约0.01重量%且在其他实施方案中为至少约0.1重量%或甚至至少约0.15重量%。在各个其他实施方案中,防腐剂化合物在该组合物中的总量基于该组合物为约0.01-0.40重量%或约0.1-0.40重量%。
当将锐劲特用作农药时,该农药组合物还可以含有锐劲特稳定剂化合物。该类化合物防止或减缓锐劲特分解和失去其农药效力的速率。该稳定剂化合物通常维持该组合物的pH小于8,在该pH下锐劲特更具活性。该锐劲特稳定剂化合物可以为有机酸。在一个实施方案中,该锐劲特稳定剂化合物为柠檬酸。锐劲特稳定剂化合物在该组合物中的总量基于该组合物可以为至少约0.005重量%。在各个其他实施方案中,锐劲特稳定剂化合物在该组合物中的总量基于该组合物为约0.005-1重量%,约0.005-0.1重量%或约0.005-0.05重量%。
在包装时,该组合物还可以包含对储存容器加压且在施用该组合物时产生发泡作用的喷射剂。喷射剂在该农药组合物中的总量可以为该组合物的至少约1重量%。合适的喷射剂例如包括丙烷、异丁烷、二甲醚、二氟乙烷、四氟乙烷、二氧化碳及其混合物。
在一个实施方案中,该组合物的特征在于pH为约6.5-8并且在另一实施方案中pH为约7-7.25。若该组合物的pH为低于约6.5至约7,则容纳该组合物的容器可能因对应于更高腐蚀速率的更低pH而腐蚀。另外,锐劲特倾向于在低于约8的pH下更具活性。在不背离本公开范围的前提下,该组合物的特征可以在于所列那些以外的pH。
该组合物通常通过将除喷射剂以外的所有成分以其相对比例混合而制备并且在一个实施方案中如下列实施例1所述制备。可以混合柠檬酸直到达到所需pH。所有混合可以在室温下进行。一旦混合,就将该组合物加入合适的容器中并且可以根据需要加入喷射剂。
该组合物通常施用于目标空隙、裂缝或表面。一旦施用,该组合物可以呈泡沫相。目标害虫可以在施用该泡沫相时与其接触或者在施用之后与泡沫接触。另外,该泡沫组合物可以崩解成液体组合物且害虫可以在该组合物呈液相时与该组合物接触。该液体可以蒸发而在施用场所上形成干燥的颗粒状农药残留物。
农药施用器
如上所述的即用可发泡农药组合物的实施方案可以结合到用于将农药如锐劲特施用于害虫的农药施用器中。该施用器通常可以包括容器和位于该容器内的农药组合物。该农药组合物可以任选包含通常如上所述的稀释剂、悬浮于该稀释剂中的颗粒状农药(例如锐劲特)、增稠剂和包含至少一种表面活性剂的表面活性剂体系。其他任选的添加剂包括如上所述的泡沫稳定剂(也可以用作增稠剂)、防腐剂、锐劲特稳定剂和/或喷射剂。
合适的容器例如可以由三片锡板、铝和PET衬里的钢制容器构成。该农药组合物可以通过加入喷射剂在该容器内加压。喷射剂在该农药组合物中的总量可以为该组合物的至少约1重量%且在另一实施方案中为该组合物的至少约5重量%。喷射剂在该农药组合物中的总量可以为约1-12重量%或甚至约3-10重量%。如上所述,合适的喷射剂包括丙烷、异丁烷、二甲醚、二氟乙烷、四氟乙烷、二氧化碳及其混合物。在一个实施方案中,该组合物包含丙烷和异丁烷作为喷射剂。喷射剂可以是压缩气体、可溶气体或液化气体。在一个实施方案中,喷射剂为选自丙烷、异丁烷、二甲醚、二氟乙烷和四氟乙烷的液化烃。
现在参考图1说明用于储存和施用本公开的实施方案的农药组合物的农药施用器的实施方案。该施用器20包括容器25。该施用器20包括位于如上所述的容器25内的农药组合物(未示出)。在一个实施方案中,该农药组合物包含溶剂、溶于该溶剂中的农药和引诱剂。
该农药施用器20包括盖子28,其容纳一个阀(未示出)。将致动器(未示出但通常在32处位于盖子内或作为盖子的一部分)连接于该阀以调节农药组合物自容器25的流出。选择该致动器的尺寸和形状以通过可以由手指提供的压制力起动。该施用器20包括在致动器起动(即打开该阀)时与该容器25流体连接的排出口38。喷射器端部35与所述排出口通过管道40流体连接。
对本公开而言,“流体连接”意指包括例如其中流体能够在施加差动流体驱动力如压力差之后在其中流动的设置。
本公开的施用器的第二实施方案示于图2中。该农药施用器120类似于图1的施用器20,但该施用器120不包括喷射器端部。此外该管道140可以更为坚硬,从而使用户无需抓握该管并将其引向施用区域,而是可以使用用于启动该致动器的同一只手将其引向该组合物的分散方向。在一个实施方案中,该施用器不包括管道140且该组合物通过排出口138施用。
本公开的施用器的第三实施方案示于图3中。该农药施用器220包括具有内部阀(未示出)的容器225(例如气溶胶罐)、适配夹230和输送系统214,正如完全为了相关和一致的目的引入本文的美国专利6,840,461所公开的那样。正如所示的那样,该输送系统包括盘管242(任选可延伸或不可延伸)、杆260和排出口238;然而,应理解的是可以在不背离本公开范围的前提下使用其他输送系统。在致动器222起动时分配该组合物。合适的杆(包括与其他容器和施用器使用的杆)可以具有各种长度(例如约10-25英寸)。该输送系统(例如组合枪)可以由B&G Equipment Company(Jackson,GA)市购且该杆可以得自Spraying Systems Company(Wheaton,IL)。适合用于周边施用(即快速破裂泡沫)的喷嘴是TJet650033喷嘴。正如本领域熟练技术人员所理解的那样,可以选择该喷嘴以影响或控制泡沫保持为泡沫相的时间长短。在不背离本公开的范围下可以使用图3所示的气溶胶罐以外的容器。
在另一实施方案中,该施用器包括由手致动的泵。合适的泵喷雾设备在完全为了相关和一致的目的引入本文的美国专利6,415,956中示出和描述。在另一实施方案中,该泵是电动的。该泵可以将该组合物吸入室中并将该组合物吹出类似于图2的管道140的管道。
在施用该组合物之前,可能希望振摇该施用器20以充分混合各成分。在一个实施方案中,使一个小物件位于该容器内,例如1/4英寸(6.4mm)的不锈钢球。该物件起加速各成分混合的作用。
该农药施用器通常可以用于通过由该容器分配农药组合物并将该组合物施用于目标表面而防治害虫。该组合物例如可以通过对图1-3所示施用器的致动器施加向下的力而分配。
防治害虫的方法
在本公开的一个实施方案中,一种防治害虫的方法包括使害虫与农药有效量的如上所述的包含稀释剂、悬浮于该稀释剂中的颗粒状农药、增稠剂和包含至少一种表面活性剂的表面活性剂体系的组合物接触。其他任选添加剂包括如上所述的泡沫稳定剂(也可以用作增稠剂)、防腐剂、锐劲特稳定剂和/或喷射剂。
该组合物可以施用于目标表面(空隙、空间、裂缝等)并且该组合物可以在施用之后呈泡沫相。害虫可在该组合物呈泡沫相时与该组合物接触或者该泡沫可崩解成液体组合物并且害虫在该组合物呈液相时与该组合物接触。在一个实施方案中,该组合物干燥而留下干燥颗粒状农药且害虫与该干燥的颗粒状农药接触。
该农药组合物非常适合施用于商业或居住结构体的外部且在一些实施方案中也适合施用于该类结构体的内部。例如,在防治害虫的方法的一个实施方案中,合适的施用器如上述施用器用于将该组合物施用于目标表面,如地面和/或建筑物结构、景观材料的外表面和/或任何室外区域周围(例如花园区域、树木区域、木质围栏柱等)。该组合物适当地以预定模式施用或至少沿处理途径以有序或依次模式施用(例如沿建筑物结构周围的圆周路径)。例如在一个实施方案中,该组合物可以并排地逐行依次施用,这些行垂直于处理路径或者不与处理路径平行。在其他实施方案中,该组合物可以沿处理路径以单一的连续线施用,或者沿处理路径以断续的通常端对端的线施用。
在施用过程中,由该组合物的快速破裂的发泡作用提供的视觉指示剂允许施用该组合物的个体由视觉检查容易且临时地确定何处已经施用了组合物且何处要接下来施用组合物,从而有利于目标表面的完全覆盖而不过度施用该组合物。
在其中农药对节肢动物如蚂蚁和白蚁有毒的实施方案中,周边施用确保越过农药阻挡的害虫与农药接触并在进入结构体之前或之时被被拦住或杀灭。在其中农药为节肢动物驱除剂的实施方案中,该阻隔用来防止害虫越过并进入结构体。合适的农药可以是有毒的和/或是驱除剂。在一些实施方案中,该组合物包含不止一种农药化合物且任选一种化合物为驱除剂和一种化合物对节肢动物有毒。
在一些实施方案中,害虫在施用该组合物时与活性农药接触。应理解的是害虫和农药组合物之间的接触可以通过在害虫占据的空间施用该组合物引起或者由从一个场所进入其中施用了该组合物的场所的害虫引起。对本申请而言,表述“使害虫与该组合物接触”、“害虫与该组合物接触”等可互换使用且通常是指该组合物与害虫之间的接触,而不是指害虫或该组合物的易位。
在一些实施方案中,害虫直到施用后约1分钟之后,施用后约5分钟之后或甚至施用后约30分钟之后才与农药组合物接触。该农药组合物通常维持其活性以使其适合害虫直到施用约1小时之后,施用后约12小时之后,施用后约1天之后,施用后约3天之后或甚至施用后约7天之后才与该组合物接触。
可以选择发泡剂(例如表面活性剂)在农药组合物中的量以使该组合物将泡沫相保持最短的目标时间,或者在另一实施方案中保持最大的目标时间。或者可以选择该施用器以使该组合物将泡沫相保持所需目标时间。在其中需要该组合物将泡沫相保持最短时间的一些实施方案中,该组合物可以在施用后将泡沫相保持至少约30分钟,至少约1小时或甚至至少约2小时。在各个其他实施方案中,该组合物可以在施用后将泡沫相保持约10分钟至10小时或约30分钟至5小时。在其中需要该组合物将泡沫相保持最大时间的一些实施方案中,该组合物可以在施用后将泡沫相保持小于约10分钟,小于约5分钟,小于约2分钟,小于约1分钟,小于约30秒或甚至小于约15秒。在一些实施方案中,该农药组合物在施用后将泡沫相保持约1秒至5分钟,约1秒至1分钟,约5秒至1分钟或约5-30秒。
以此方式该泡沫在足够的时间内保持可见,从而使施用该组合物的人可以使用泡沫作为确定哪一区域已被处理且哪一区域未被处理的指示,但允许泡沫在足够短的时间内破裂,从而泡沫在施用该组合物的人完成施用过程之后不会被公众看见或者至少在其后的短时间内不被公众看到。快速破裂的泡沫也降低了泡沫在风中吹散的可能性并降低了在分配装置的排出口收集的泡沫量。
尽管本公开的实施方案的组合物、施用器和方法被一般性地描述为含有颗粒状农药悬浮于其中的稀释剂,但应理解的是在某些实施方案中,该可发泡农药组合物包含溶剂、溶于该溶剂中的农药、增稠剂和包含至少一种表面活性剂的表面活性剂体系。在某些实施方案中,该溶剂为水。其他任选添加剂包括如上所述的泡沫稳定剂(也可以用作增稠剂)、防腐剂和/或喷射剂。
尽管本公开的实施方案的组合物、施用器和方法被一般性地参考锐劲特或其他农药描述,但应理解的是这些实施方案可以任选包括与这些化合物组合或代替它们的其他农药。可以包含在本公开的农药组合物中的额外材料包括香精油或植物提取物如留兰香、薄荷、丁香、香叶醇、鹿蹄草、柠檬香草、百里香及其混合物。
本公开的实施方案的即用农药组合物、农药施用器和防治害虫的方法通常适合一般性地处理和防治害虫种群。在一个实施方案中,害虫为节肢动物且在另一实施方案中为昆虫。目标害虫可以选自白蚁、蚂蚁、蟑螂、甲虫、蠼螋、蠹虫、蟋蟀、蜘蛛、百足虫、蝇、蚊、蚋、蛾、黄蜂、大黄蜂、蜜蜂、百足虫、千足虫、蝎子、鼠妇、潮虫等。在一个实施方案中,该害虫为白蚁且在另一实施方案中,该害虫为蚂蚁。
实施例
实施例1:制备包含悬浮的工业级颗粒状锐劲特的可发泡农药组合物
将去离子水称入混合容器中。将苯甲酸钠(4.33g;Emerald KalamaChemical;Kalama,Washington)混入水中直到溶解。在分开的容器中将以牌号BIO-TERGE AS-40销售的C14-C16烯烃磺酸盐混合物(6.49g,含约39%活性磺酸盐;Stepan Company;Northfield,Illinois)与椰子脂肪酸钾(4.33g;Derrick Soap Products;St.Louis,MO)和一定量的去离子水混合。将颗粒状锐劲特(1.46g,含约88.75%活性锐劲特;德国BASF)小心加入第二容器中以防锐劲特起尘。在混合下将以牌号“Ticaxan Rapid-2”销售的黄原胶(2.16g;Tic Gums;White Marsh,Maryland)加入第一容器中。在第一混合物完全增稠之后将第二混合物加入第一混合物中。加入该溶液中的水的总量为1982.92g。加入柠檬酸(0.24g;ADM;Decatur,Illinois)以将pH调节为7-7.25。
该组合物在制备之后呈轻微雾状的液体且粘度为约50-1500cps。
将该混合物加入衬有聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯的镍锡板DOT2Q品质的容器(22.6fl.oz.(0.668升))中。该容器包括排出阀并由致动器起动。该容器排入终止于喷射器端部的管中。将以牌号A-46销售且为丙烷和异丁烷的混合物(15.2%丙烷、84.8%异丁烷)的第一喷射剂(26g;Diversified CPC;Channahon,Illinois)和为丙烷且以牌号A-108销售的第二喷射剂(12.6g;Diversified CPC;Channahon,Illinois)加入位于该容器内的组合物中。这两种组合物以通常与A-70组合物的蒸气压匹配的比例加入。
连接发泡致动器。该组合物产生一致且看起来均匀的泡沫。所有成分的相对比例示于下表1中。
表1:用于制备实施例1的农药组合物的各成分的相对比例
组分 | 引入量(重量%) |
颗粒状锐劲特 | 0.0676(0.0600活性物) |
苯甲酸钠 | 0.2000 |
黄原胶 | 0.1000 |
C14-C16烯烃磺酸盐 | 0.3000(0.1173活性物) |
椰子脂肪酸钾 | 0.200 |
柠檬酸 | 0.0110 |
水 | 91.6213 |
A-46(15.2%丙烷、84.8%异丁烷) | 5.0483 |
A-108(100%丙烷) | 2.4518 |
实施例2:制备包含得自
SC的悬浮颗粒状锐劲特的可发泡农
药组合物
制备含有悬浮锐劲特的可发泡农药组合物;然而,不象使用工业级锐劲特的实施例1,实施例2中的锐劲特来源为SC。发现SC含有更小粒度的锐劲特,其不太可能在该组合物的储存过程中沉降出来。
将去离子水(2955.18g)称入混合容器中。将苯甲酸钠(6.49g;EmeraldKalama Chemical;Kalama,Washington)混入该水中直到溶解。在混合下将以牌号“Ticaxan Rapid-2”销售的黄原胶(3.25g;Tic Gums;White Marsh,Maryland)加入第一容器中。在黄原胶将该混合物增稠之后,将以牌号BIO-TERGE AS-40销售的C14-C16烯烃磺酸盐(9.74g,含约39%活性磺酸盐;Stepan Company;Northfield,Illinois)和椰子脂肪酸钾(6.49g;DerrickSoap Products;St.Louis,MO)混入该组合物中。将以牌号SC销售的颗粒状锐劲特(21.40g,含约9.10%活性锐劲特;德国BASF)混入该组合物中。加入柠檬酸(0.36g;Tate&Lyle;London,UK)以将pH调节为7-7.25。
将该混合物加入衬有聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯的镍锡板DOT2Q品质的容器(22.6fl.oz.(0.668升))中。该容器包括排出阀并由致动器起动。该容器排入管中。将以牌号A-46销售且为丙烷和异丁烷的混合物(15.2%丙烷、84.8%异丁烷)的第一喷射剂(26g;Diversified CPC;Channahon,Illinois)和为丙烷且以牌号A-108销售的第二喷射剂(12.6g;Diversified CPC;Channahon,Illinois)加入位于该容器内的组合物中。这两种组合物以通常与A-70组合物的蒸气压匹配的比例加入。
该组合物产生一致且看起来均匀的泡沫。所有成分的相对比例示于下表2中。
表2:用于制备实施例2的农药组合物的各成分的相对比例
组分 | 引入量(重量%) |
颗粒状锐劲特 | 0.6593(0.0600活性物) |
苯甲酸钠 | 0.2000 |
黄原胶 | 0.1000 |
C14-C16烯烃磺酸盐 | 0.3000(0.1173活性物) |
椰子脂肪酸钾 | 0.2000 |
柠檬酸 | 0.0110 |
水 | 91.0296 |
A-46(15.2%丙烷、84.8%异丁烷) | 5.0483 |
A-108(100%丙烷) | 2.4518 |
使用生产上述组合物的方法制备含有SC的第二锐劲特组合物。该组合物含有更高量的锐劲特且为适合户外周边施用的配制剂。该组合物示于下表3中。
表3:用于制备实施例2的第二农药组合物的各成分的相对比例
组分 | 引入量(重量%) |
颗粒状锐劲特 | 7.1429(0.6506活性物) |
苯甲酸钠 | 0.2000 |
黄原胶 | 0.1500 |
C14-C16烯烃磺酸盐 | 0.2000(0.0782活性物) |
椰子脂肪酸钾 | 0.3000 |
水 | 87.0071 |
A-46(15.2%丙烷、84.8%异丁烷) | 3.3655 |
A-108(100%丙烷) | 1.6345 |
实施例3:测定包含锐劲特的加压泡沫农药组合物对蚂蚁和白蚁的杀虫效力
根据实施例2的方法制备含有锐劲特的加压农药组合物(0.06重量%活性物)。也制备不含锐劲特的对照组合物并得到以牌号(BayerEnvironmental Science;Research Triangle Park,NC)销售的含有吡虫啉作为农药活性物的市售泡沫配制剂。
各组合物由其容器向陪替氏培养皿施用3次。在施用之前和之后称重陪替氏培养皿,以确定施用的物质量。农药组合物对各陪替氏培养皿的施用量和各组合物的平均值示于下表4中。
表4:为测试目的施用于样品陪替氏培养皿的农药组合物量
为了测试各组合物的驱除率和死亡率,将15只木蚁工蚁(Camponotussp.)加入陪替氏培养皿(150mm直径,25mm高,15只蚂蚁/皿)中,在陪替氏培养皿的相对侧钻有孔。将一根管连接于各孔。通过将泡沫组合物施用到一根管中1秒并随后过夜滴干而使该管暴露于该组合物。另一管未被处理。在连接于该陪替氏培养皿之后,将各管的远端塞上在10%蔗糖溶液中浸泡的#1棉球并关闭。将15只蚂蚁加入陪替氏培养皿中以测定蚂蚁是否被该农药组合物驱除。对每一泡沫处理重复4次。不取出死的昆虫。测试的泡沫包括实施例2的锐劲特泡沫组合物、泡沫、不含锐劲特的实施例2的泡沫和其中不施用泡沫的对照。为了测量驱除率,对未处理和处理侧的蚂蚁进行计数(不计算在皿中央的蚂蚁)并计算各侧的蚂蚁相对于各侧(被处理和未处理)的蚂蚁总数的百分数。结果示于表5中。
表5:引入连接有被处理和未处理管的陪替氏培养皿中的蚂蚁的驱除率和死亡率结果
由表5可见,锐劲特组合物不是驱除剂,而空白组合物是驱除剂。锐劲特组合物导致比泡沫组合物显著更高的死亡率。
也对黄胸散白蚁(Reticulitermes flavipes)进行测试以确定实施例2的锐劲特组合物的驱除率和死亡率。通过管道将三个陪替氏培养皿(100mm直径,20mm高)连接。两个侧面的皿含有着色的滤纸作为诱饵。将泡沫组合物向一个侧面的皿施用1.5秒并将30只白蚁加入中央皿中。不从陪替氏培养皿取出死亡的昆虫。对每一泡沫处理重复4次。结果示于下表6中。
表6:引入其中一个皿含有各种农药组合物的三个相连陪替氏培养皿的中央皿中的白蚁(Reticulitermes flavipes)的驱除率和死亡率结果
由表6可见,锐劲特组合物导致比泡沫组合物更高的白蚁死亡率。
对干木白蚁(Incisitermes snyderi)进行另一驱除率和死亡率测试。将梳形木质庇护所置于陪替氏培养皿(150mm直径,25mm高)的相对端。该庇护所通过在7.5cm×2.5cm×4.0cm木块中切出5个凹槽而形成。一个庇护所在内部和外部用相应农药组合物处理,而另一庇护所未被处理。将15只白蚁加入与两个庇护所等距离的陪替氏培养皿中。将各庇护所用1-2滴水润湿以维持其湿度水平。对各组合物重复测试4次。结果示于表7中。
表7:引入其中一个皿含有各种农药组合物的三个相连陪替氏培养皿的中央皿中的白蚁(Incisitermes snyderi)的驱除率和死亡率结果
由表7可见,锐劲特组合物导致比泡沫组合物高的白蚁死亡率。
为了进一步测试实施例2的农药组合物的生物活性,直接将农药组合物施用于木蚁工蚁(Camponotus sp.)、黄胸散白蚁(Reticulitermes flavipes)和干木白蚁(Incisitermes snyderi)。各相应泡沫组合物通过钻通陪替氏培养皿的盖子的孔施用。在使用蚂蚁的测试中,将15只蚂蚁置于陪替氏培养皿(150mm直径,25mm高)中。锐劲特泡沫组合物和空白泡沫组合物施用2秒且泡沫组合物施用5秒。这对每一农药组合物重复4次。在涉及白蚁的测试中,将30只白蚁置于不含基质的陪替氏培养皿(100mm直径,20mm高)中。锐劲特泡沫组合物和空白泡沫组合物施用1.5秒且泡沫组合物施用4秒。该测试对每一组合物重复4次。在施用农药组合物之后,从被处理皿中取出昆虫并放入未处理陪替氏培养皿中。不从陪替氏培养皿取出死亡的昆虫。结果示于下表8中。
表8:直接施用各种农药组合物时的白蚁和蚂蚁死亡率
由表8可见,新的锐劲特组合物在施用后4小时与市售配制剂一样有效。
为了进一步测试实施例2的农药组合物的生物活性,间接将农药组合物施用于木蚁工蚁(Camponotus sp.)、黄胸散白蚁(Reticulitermes flavipes)和干木白蚁(Incisitermes snyderi)。将测试的泡沫组合物施用于陪替氏培养皿并允许该泡沫在加入昆虫之前消散和干燥。在使用蚂蚁的测试中,锐劲特泡沫组合物和空白泡沫组合物施用2秒且泡沫组合物施用5秒。在施用后24小时将15只蚂蚁置于陪替氏培养皿(150mm直径,25mm高)中。这对每一农药组合物重复4次。在涉及黄胸散白蚁的测试中,将相应农药组合物施用于含有砂基质的陪替氏培养皿(100mm直径,20mm高)中。在干燥之后将基质用水再润湿。锐劲特泡沫组合物和空白泡沫组合物施用1.5秒且泡沫组合物施用4秒。在干燥之后将30只白蚁放入陪替氏培养皿中。在涉及干木白蚁的测试中,将相应农药组合物施用于不含基质的陪替氏培养皿(100mm直径,20mm高)中。锐劲特泡沫组合物和空白泡沫组合物施用1.5秒且泡沫组合物施用4秒。在干燥之后将30只白蚁放入陪替氏培养皿中。该测试对每一组合物重复4次。不从陪替氏培养皿取出死亡的昆虫。结果示于下表9中。
表9:间接施用各种农药组合物时的白蚁和蚂蚁死亡率
由表9可见,锐劲特泡沫组合物在施用后24小时100%有效。
实施例4:本公开的锐劲特泡沫农药组合物与市售泡沫配制剂在防治白蚁上
的对比
制备实施例2的锐劲特农药组合物。使白蚁种群暴露于锐劲特农药组合物以及几种市售泡沫组合物以测定防治效力。市售泡沫组合物为蚂蚁和白蚁泡沫(德国BASF),CS泡沫(德国BASF)和泡沫(Bayer Environmental Science;Research Triangle Park,NC)。还测试对照物。蚂蚁和白蚁对照含有呋虫胺作为活性物。CS泡沫含有微囊包封的氟氯氰菊酯作为活性物。泡沫含有吡虫啉作为农药活性物。
将农药组合物施用于陪替氏培养皿(150mm直径;25mm高)。将200只白蚁工蚁(第3龄幼虫或更高龄幼虫)加入各相应陪替氏培养皿中。各试验对两个白蚁品种重复6次:黄胸散白蚁(Reticulitermes flavipes)和台湾乳白蚁(Coptotermes formosanus)。通过ANOVA分析平均死亡率,使用Student-Newman-Keuls检验在P<0.05下区分平均值。死亡率结果示于表10和11中。
表10:暴露于各种农药组合物时白蚁(C.formosanus)的死亡率
表11:暴露于各种农药组合物时白蚁(R.flavipes)的死亡率
由表10和11可见,锐劲特泡沫农药组合物与市售泡沫配制剂几乎一样有效或甚至更有效。
实施老5:锐劲特泡沫农药组合物在防治工蚁(Camponotus modoc)中的效
力
制备如实施例2所述加压的锐劲特农药组合物。将松板(1.9cm深)切割成片(18.3cm×22.5cm)。通过在表面施用泡沫并在各次施用之前和之后称重加压容器而将各片的一侧用锐劲特泡沫处理。使各板干燥24小时并在相对侧施用泡沫,然后干燥24小时。在施用之间称重该容器。也将水施用于木片上作为对照并使水处理的板干燥24小时。在各片上泡沫和水的施用量示于下表12中。
表12:在松板基质上锐劲特和农药的施用量
在引入蚂蚁之前将各片置于处理室(30cm×22cm)中24小时。各室用处理以防止蚂蚁从室内逃出。除去约1/3的室盖以提供通风。将具有棉塞和蜂蜜盘的水瓶加入各室中。在将农药组合物施用于各片之后2-3天加入蚂蚁。
在加入蚂蚁之后,蚂蚁在引入各室之后在各板下爬动。对被处理木材没有观察到驱除性。当拿起各板观察死亡率时,发现蚂蚁仍呆在被处理表面。死亡率结果示于下表13中。
表13:暴露于锐劲特泡沫组合物和对照之后的蚂蚁死亡率
由表13可见,在1、2、4或8小时没有观察到死亡。在18小时观察到超过50%的死亡率,其在24小时增至90%。
实施例6:本公开的锐劲特泡沫农药组合物与市售泡沫配制剂在防治蚂蚁中
的对比
由松木(2英寸×8英寸(5.1cm×20.3cm))建造人工木蚁巢穴。将在板中沿长度方向钻有1.5英寸(3.8cm)直径的平行孔的木片(长10英寸(25.4cm))用作巢穴,这些孔刚要穿透背侧之前终止。为了使这两个平行孔道连接,由该板的一侧到另一侧钻出第三孔,该孔垂直于并穿过平行孔道的路径,从而使所有三个孔道连接在一起。然后将该板沿中央纵向切割,达到相互呈镜像的两个带孔道木片。
将蚂蚁暴露于根据实施例2制备的锐劲特农药组合物以及几种市售泡沫组合物以测定防治效力。市售泡沫组合物为泡沫(BayerEnvironmental Science;Research Triangle Park,NC)和气溶胶(德国BASF),其含有氟氯氰菊酯作为活性物。对于这两种泡沫,将各对木块的一半(n=5块/处理)用足够泡沫处理以完全覆盖所有孔道的内部(即将泡沫注入一个孔中直到它由木块的所有其他孔中流出)。对于向各孔道喷1-2秒。对于三种农药处理的每一种,留下对侧不被处理。对于未处理对照处理,两侧均未处理。第二天在杀虫剂处理干燥之后对各木块的所有暴露表面施加遮盖带,以覆盖非故意施加处理的那些区域。向木块的孔道施加杀虫剂有时导致在木块外表面留有杀虫剂残留物。为了确保所得蚂蚁死亡是由于木块内部的杀虫剂残留物,用遮盖带覆盖木材的所有暴露外表面,从而使蚂蚁不因它们爬到木块的外侧表面上而被非故意地杀灭。在将木块包裹到带中之后,将被处理-未处理木块对一起放回衬有的塑料箱(31cm深×23cm宽×10cm高)的地板上。将20只木蚁加入各箱中。第二天记录各木块内部(以及木块外侧但在塑料箱内部)存活蚂蚁和死亡/垂死蚂蚁的数目。垂死蚂蚁定义为痉挛、不能爬动和/或本身直起和/或呈现焦躁步态且腿呈展翅鹰方式、钳子张开的那些。当探测或接触时,这些垂死蚂蚁中的许多将抬起头,以敞开和攻击方式暴露其上颚。这四种处理各自重复5次。
回收100只(每次重复使用20只蚂蚁×每个处理5次重复)用于各处理中的蚂蚁中的98-100只。在计数过程中20次重复中仅4次重复中的1或2只蚂蚁逃逸且不能被计算在内。在剩下的16次重复中,计算所有20只蚂蚁。这不会显著影响我们的结果。在未处理对照或Premise泡沫处理中没有蚂蚁死亡(0%死亡率),而处理仅杀灭3%。相反,在引入锐劲特泡沫处理的木块中之后1天所有蚂蚁(100%)死亡/垂死;第二天所有蚂蚁完全死亡。值得注意的是,在锐劲特泡沫处理中处理后第1天发现93%的死亡/垂死蚂蚁位于塑料箱的地板上(即不在木块内部)。
在显示零至很小死亡率的三个处理(泡沫和对照)中,在记录数据时,在敞开处而不是在木块内部仅发现6-7%的蚂蚁。剩下的蚂蚁位于木块内部。在未处理对照中,例如在木块内部发现的蚂蚁有74%(92只蚂蚁中的68只)在木块内部靠左侧,而在木块内部发现的剩下26%蚂蚁(92只活蚂蚁中的24只)在木块内部靠右侧。在处理中,在木块内部发现的蚂蚁100%(93只蚂蚁全部)在未处理木块内部。在泡沫处理,在木块内部发现的蚂蚁77%(94只蚂蚁中的72只)在木块内部靠左侧(未处理木块),而在木块内部发现的剩下23%蚂蚁(94只中的22只)在被泡沫处理的木块内部。值得注意的是,在用泡沫处理的木块内部发现的蚂蚁没有死亡或似乎没有受到不利影响。测试结果示于下表14中(“L”=活,“D”=死亡)。
表14:暴露于各种农药组合物的蚂蚁种群的驱除率和死亡率
当介绍本发明的要素或其优选实施方案时,冠词“一个”、“一种”、“该”和“所述”用来表示存在一个或多个要素。术语“包括”、“包含”和“具有”意指包括在内且意味着可以存在所列要素以外的额外要素。
因为可以在不背离本发明范围的前提下对上述设备和方法进行各种变化,因此希望将所有含于上述描述中和示于附图中的内容解释为说明性的而不是限制性的。
Claims (20)
1.一种即用可发泡农药组合物,其包含:
稀释剂;
悬浮于所述稀释剂中的颗粒状农药;
增稠剂;以及
包含至少一种脂肪酸皂的表面活性剂体系。
2.根据权利要求1的即用可发泡农药组合物,其中所述颗粒状农药为选自如下的杀节肢动物剂:(M1)选自如下的有机(硫代)磷酸酯类化合物:高灭磷(acephate)、唑啶磷(azamethiphos)、乙基谷硫磷(azinphos-ethyl)、谷硫磷(azinphos-methyl)、氯氧磷(chlorethoxyfos)、毒虫畏(chlorfenvinphos)、氯甲硫磷(chlormephos)、毒死蜱(chlorpyrifos)、甲基毒死蜱(chlorpyrifos-methyl)、蝇毒磷(coumaphos)、杀螟腈(cyanophos)、甲基内吸磷(demeton-S-methyl)、二嗪农(diazinon)、敌敌畏(dichlorvos/DDVP)、百治磷(dicrotophos)、乐果(dimethoate)、甲基毒虫畏(dimethylvinphos)、乙拌磷(disulfoton)、苯硫磷(EPN)、乙硫磷(ethion)、丙线磷(ethoprophos)、伐灭磷(famphur)、苯线磷(fenamiphos)、杀螟松(fenitrothion)、倍硫磷(fenthion)、吡氟硫磷(flupyrazophos)、噻唑硫磷(fosthiazate)、庚烯磷(heptenophos)、异唑磷(isoxathion)、马拉硫磷(malathion)、灭蚜磷(mecarbam)、甲胺磷(methamidophos)、杀扑磷(methidathion)、速灭磷(mevinphos)、久效磷(monocrotophos)、氧乐果(omethoate)、砜吸磷(oxydemeton-methyl)、一六零五(parathion)、甲基一六零五(parathion-methyl)、稻丰散(phenthoate)、甲拌磷(phorate)、伏杀磷(phosalone)、亚胺硫磷(phosmet)、磷胺(phosphamidon)、辛硫磷(phoxim)、虫螨磷(pirimiphos-methyl)、丙溴磷(profenofos)、巴胺磷(propetamphos)、丙硫磷(prothiofos)、吡唑硫磷(pyraclofos)、哒嗪硫磷(pyridaphenthion)、喹硫磷(quinalphos)、治螟磷(sulfotep)、丁基嘧啶磷(tebupirimfos)、双硫磷(temephos)、特丁磷(terbufos)、杀虫威(tetrachlorvinphos)、甲基乙拌磷(thiometon)、三唑磷(triazophos)、敌百虫(trichlorfon)和蚜灭磷(vamidothion);(M2)选自如下的氨基甲酸酯类化合物:涕灭威(aldicarb)、棉铃威(alanycarb)、虫威(bendiocarb)、丙硫克百威(benfuracarb)、丁酮威(butocarboxim)、丁酮氧威(butoxycarboxim)、甲萘威(carbaryl)、虫螨威(carbofuran)、丁硫克百威(carbosulfan)、苯虫威(ethiofencarb)、仲丁威(fenobucarb)、抗螨脒(formetanate)、呋线威(furathiocarb)、异丙威(isoprocarb)、灭虫威(methiocarb)、灭多虫(methomyl)、速灭威(metolcarb)、甲氨叉威(oxamyl)、抗蚜威(pirimicarb)、残杀威(propoxur)、硫双威(thiodicarb)、久效威(thiofanox)、混杀威(trimethacarb)、二甲威(XMC)、灭杀威(xylylcarb)和唑蚜威(triazamate);(M3)选自如下的合成除虫菊酯类化合物:氟丙菊酯(acrinathrin)、丙烯除虫菊(allethrin)、右旋丙烯菊酯(d-cis-trans allethrin)、右旋反式丙烯菊酯(d-trans allethrin)、氟氯菊酯(bifenthrin)、生物烯丙菊酯(bioallethrin)、2-环戊烯基生物烯丙菊酯(bioallethrin S-cyclopentenyl)、生物苄呋菊酯(bioresmethrin)、乙氰菊酯(cycloprothrin)、氟氯氰菊酯(cyfluthrin)、高效氟氯氰菊酯(beta-cyfluthrin)、(RS)氯氟氰菊酯(cyhalothrin)、氯氟氰菊酯(lambda-cyhalothrin)、精高效氯氟氰菊酯(gamma-cyhalothrin)、氯氰菊酯(cypermethrin)、甲体氯氰菊酯(alpha-cypermethrin)、乙体氯氰菊酯(beta-cypermethrin)、高效反式氯氰菊酯(theta-cypermethrin)、己体氯氰菊酯(zeta-cypermethrin)、苯醚氰菊酯(cyphenothrin)、溴氰菊酯(deltamethrin)、烯炔菊酯(empenthrin)、高氰戊菊酯(esfenvalerate)、醚菊酯(etofenprox)、甲氰菊酯(fenpropathrin)、杀灭菊酯(fenvalerate)、氟氰戊菊酯(flucythrinate)、氟氯苯菊酯(flumethrin)、氟胺氰菊酯(tau-fluvalinate)、溴氟醚菊酯(halfenprox)、咪炔菊酯(imiprothrin)、甲氧苄氟菊酯(metofluthrin)、氯菊酯(permethrin)、苯醚菊酯(phenothrin)、炔酮菊酯(prallethrin)、丙氟菊酯(profluthrin)、除虫菊酯(pyrethrin(除虫菊(pyrethrum)))、灭虫菊(resmethrin)、灭虫硅醚(silafluofen)、七氟菊酯(tefluthrin)、胺菊酯(tetramethrin)、四溴菊酯(tralomethrin)和四氟菊酯(transfluthrin);(M4)选自蒙512(hydroprene)、烯虫炔酯(kinoprene)、蒙五一五(methoprene)、双氧威(fenoxycarb)和蚊蝇醚(pyriproxyfen)的保幼激素模拟物;(M5)选自如下的烟碱性受体激动剂/拮抗剂化合物:吡虫清(acetamiprid)、杀虫磺(bensultap)、杀螟丹(cartaphydrochloride)、噻虫胺(clothianidin)、呋虫胺(dinotefuran)、吡虫啉(imidacloprid)、噻虫嗪(thiamethoxam)、硝胺烯啶(nitenpyram)、烟碱(nicotine)、艾克敌105(spinosad)(别构激动剂)、乙基多杀菌素(spinetoram)(别构激动剂)、噻虫啉(thiacloprid)、杀虫环(thiocyclam)、杀虫双(thiosultap-sodium)和AKD1022;(M6)选自氯丹(chlordane)、硫丹(endosulfan)、林丹(gamma-HCH(lindane))、乙虫腈(ethiprole)、锐劲特(fipronil)、pyrafluprole和pyriprole的GABA门控氯离子通道拮抗剂化合物;(M7)选自齐墩螨素(abamectin)、甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐(emamectinbenzoate)、米尔螨素(milbemectin)和lepimectin的氯离子通道活化剂;(M8)选自喹螨醚(fenazaquin)、唑螨酯(fenpyroximate)、嘧螨醚(pyrimidifen)、哒螨酮(pyridaben)、吡螨胺(tebufenpyrad)、唑虫酰胺(tolfenpyrad)、嘧虫胺(flufenerim)和鱼藤酮(rotenone)的METI I化合物;(M9)选自灭螨醌(acequinocyl)、fluacyprim、灭蚁腙(hydramethylnon)的METI II和III化合物;(M10)选自氟唑虫清(chlorfenapyr)和二硝酚(DNOC)的氧化磷酸化去偶剂;(M11)选自三唑锡(azocyclotin)、三环锡(cyhexatin)、杀白蚁硫隆(diafenthiuron)、杀白蚁锡(fenbutatin oxide)、克螨特(propargite)、三氯杀白蚁砜(tetradifon)的氧化磷酸化抑制剂;(M12)选自灭蝇胺(cyromazine)、环虫酰肼(chromafenozide)、特丁苯酰肼(halofenozide)、甲氧苯酰肼(methoxyfenozide)、双苯酰肼(tebufenozide)的蜕皮干扰剂;选自增效醚(piperonyl butoxide)和脱叶膦(tribufos)的增效剂;(M14)选自二唑虫(indoxacarb)和氰氟虫胺(metaflumizone)的钠通道阻断剂化合物;(M15)选自crylotie、拒嗪酮(pymetrozine)和氟啶虫酰胺(flonicamid)的选择性进食阻断剂;(M16)选自四螨嗪(clofentezine)、噻螨酮(hexythiazox)和特苯唑(etoxazole)的螨生长抑制剂;(M17)选自如下的几丁质合成抑制剂:噻嗪酮(buprofezin)、双三氟虫脲(bistrifluron)、定虫隆(chlorfluazuron)、氟脲杀(diflubenzuron)、氟螨脲(flucycloxuron)、氟虫脲(flufenoxuron)、氟铃脲(hexaflumuron)、氟丙氧脲(lufenuron)、双苯氟脲(novaluron)、多氟虫酰脲(noviflumuron)、伏虫隆(teflubenzuron)和杀虫隆(triflumuron);(M18)选自螺螨酯(spirodiclofen)、螺甲螨酯(spiromesifen)、螺虫乙酯(spirotetramat)的类脂生物合成抑制剂;(M19)选自双甲脒(amitraz)的章鱼胺能激动剂;(M20)选自氟虫酰胺(flubendiamide)和邻苯二甲酰胺化合物(R)-、(S)-3-氯-N1-{2-甲基-4-[1,2,2,2-四氟-1-(三氟甲基)乙基]苯基}-N2-(1-甲基-2-甲基磺酰基乙基)邻苯二甲酰胺(M20.1)的鱼尼汀(Ryanodine)受体调节剂,(M21)选自如下的异唑啉化合物:(4-[5-(3,5-二氯苯基)-5-三氟甲基-4,5-二氢异唑-3-基]-2-甲基-N-吡啶-2-基甲基苯甲酰胺(M21.1)、(4-[5-(3,5-二氯苯基)-5-三氟甲基-4,5-二氢异唑-3-基]-2-甲基-N-(2,2,2-三氟乙基)苯甲酰胺(M21.2)、(4-[5-(3,5-二氯苯基)-5-三氟甲基-4,5-二氢异唑-3-基]-2-甲基-N-[(2,2,2-三氟乙基氨基甲酰基)甲基]苯甲酰胺(M21.3)、(4-[5-(3,5-二氯苯基)-5-三氟甲基-4,5-二氢异唑-3-基]萘-1-甲酸[(2,2,2-三氟乙基氨基甲酰基)甲基]酰胺(M21.4)、4-[5-(3,5-二氯苯基)-5-三氟甲基-4,5-二氢异唑-3-基]-N-[(甲氧亚氨基)甲基]-2-甲基苯甲酰胺(M21.5)、4-[5-(3-氯-5-三氟甲基苯基)-5-三氟甲基-4,5-二氢异唑-3-基]-2-甲基-N-[(2,2,2-三氟乙基氨基甲酰基)甲基]苯甲酰胺(M21.6)、4-[5-(3-氯-5-三氟甲基苯基)-5-三氟甲基-4,5-二氢异唑-3-基]萘-1-甲酸[(2,2,2-三氟乙基氨基甲酰基)甲基]酰胺(M21.7)和5-[5-(3,5-二氯-4-氟苯基)-5-三氟甲基-4,5-二氢异唑-3-基]-2-[1,2,4]三唑-1-基苄腈(M21.8);(M22)选自如下的邻氨基苯甲酰胺类化合物:氯虫酰胺(chloranthraniliprole)、氰虫酰胺(cyantraniliprole)、5-溴-2-(3-氯吡啶-2-基)-2H-吡唑-3-甲酸[4-氰基-2-(1-环丙基乙基氨基甲酰基)-6-甲基苯基]酰胺(M22.1)、5-溴-2-(3-氯吡啶-2-基)-2H-吡唑-3-甲酸[2-氯-4-氰基-6-(1-环丙基乙基氨基甲酰基)苯基]酰胺(M22.2)、5-溴-2-(3-氯吡啶-2-基)-2H-吡唑-3-甲酸[2-溴-4-氰基-6-(1-环丙基乙基氨基甲酰基)苯基]酰胺(M22.3)、5-溴-2-(3-氯吡啶-2-基)-2H-吡唑-3-甲酸[2-溴-4-氯-6-(1-环丙基乙基氨基甲酰基)苯基]酰胺(M22.4)、5-溴-2-(3-氯吡啶-2-基)-2H-吡唑-3-甲酸[2,4-二氯-6-(1-环丙基乙基氨基甲酰基)苯基]酰胺(M22.5)、5-溴-2-(3-氯吡啶-2-基)-2H-吡唑-3-甲酸[4-氯-2-(1-环丙基乙基氨基甲酰基)-6-甲基苯基]酰胺(M22.6)、N'-(2-{[5-溴-2-(3-氯吡啶-2-基)-2H-吡唑-3-羰基]氨基}-5-氯-3-甲基苯甲酰基)肼甲酸甲酯(M22.7)、N'-(2-{[5-溴-2-(3-氯吡啶-2-基)-2H-吡唑-3-羰基]氨基}-5-氯-3-甲基苯甲酰基)-N'-甲基肼甲酸甲酯(M22.8)、N'-(2-{[5-溴-2-(3-氯吡啶-2-基)-2H-吡唑-3-羰基]氨基}-5-氯-3-甲基苯甲酰基)-N,N'-二甲基肼甲酸甲酯(M22.9)、N'-(3,5-二溴-2-{[5-溴-2-(3-氯吡啶-2-基)-2H-吡唑-3-羰基]氨基}苯甲酰基)肼甲酸甲酯(M22.10)、N'-(3,5-二溴-2-{[5-溴-2-(3-氯吡啶-2-基)-2H-吡唑-3-羰基]氨基}苯甲酰基)-N'-甲基肼甲酸甲酯(M22.11)和N'-(3,5-二溴-2-{[5-溴-2-(3-氯吡啶-2-基)-2H-吡唑-3-羰基]氨基}苯甲酰基)-N,N'-二甲基肼甲酸甲酯(M22.12);(M23)选自2-(2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5-八氟戊基)-2-(3,3,3-三氟丙基)丙二腈(CF2H-CF2-CF2-CF2-CH2-C(CN)2-CH2-CH2-CF3)(M23.1)和2-(2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5-八氟戊基)-2-(3,3,4,4,4-五氟丁基)丙二腈(CF2H-CF2-CF2-CF2-CH2-C(CN)2-CH2-CH2-CF2-CF3)(M23.2)的丙二腈类化合物,(M24)选自苏云金芽孢杆菌以色列亚种(Bacillus thuringiensissubsp.Israelensis)、球形芽孢杆菌(Bacillus sphaericus)、苏云金芽胞杆菌鲇泽亚种(Bacillus thuringiensis subsp.Aizawai)、Bacillus thuringiensissubsp.Kurstaki和苏云金芽胞杆菌拟步行甲亚种菌株(Bacillusthuringiensis subsp.Tenebrionis)的微生物干扰剂;(M25)选自如下的氨基呋喃酮类化合物:4-{[(6-溴吡啶-3-基)甲基](2-氟乙基)氨基}呋喃-2(5H)-酮(M25.1)、4-{[(6-氟吡啶-3-基)甲基](2,2-二氟乙基)氨基}呋喃-2(5H)-酮(M25.2)、4-{[(2-氯-1,3-噻唑-5-基)甲基](2-氟乙基)氨基}呋喃-2(5H)-酮(M25.3)、4-{[(6-氯吡啶-3-基)甲基](2-氟乙基)氨基}呋喃-2(5H)-酮(M25.4)、4-{[(6-氯吡啶-3-基)甲基](2,2-二氟乙基)氨基}呋喃-2(5H)-酮(M25.5)、4-{[(6-氯-5-氟吡啶-3-基)甲基](甲基)氨基}呋喃-2(5H)-酮(M25.6)、4-{[(5,6-二氯吡啶-3-基)甲基](2-氟乙基)氨基}呋喃-2(5H)-酮(M25.7)、4-{[(6-氯-5-氟吡啶-3-基)甲基](环丙基)氨基}呋喃-2(5H)-酮(M25.8)、4-{[(6-氯吡啶-3-基)甲基](环丙基)氨基}呋喃-2(5H)-酮(M25.9)和4-{[(6-氯吡啶-3-基)甲基](甲基)氨基}呋喃-2(5H)-酮(M25.10);(M26)选自如下的各种其他化合物:磺胺螨酯(amidoflumet)、benclothiaz、苯螨特(benzoximate)、联苯肼酯(bifenazate)、硼砂、溴螨酯(bromopropylate)、cyenopyrafen、丁氟螨酯(cyflumetofen)、喹菌酮(chinomethionate)、三氯杀白蚁醇(dicofol)、氟乙酸酯、啶虫丙醚(pyridalyl)、pyrifluquinazon、酒石酸氧锑钾(tartar emetic)、sulfoxaflor、N-R'-2,2-二halo-1-R″-环丙烷甲酰胺-2-(2,6-二氯-α,α,α-三氟对甲苯基)腙或N-R'-2,2-二(R''')丙酰胺-2-(2,6-二氯-α,α,α-三氟对甲苯基)腙,其中R'为甲基或乙基,halo为氯或溴,R″为氢或甲基且R'''为甲基或乙基,4-丁-2-炔基氧基-6-(3,5-二甲基哌啶-1-基)-2-氟嘧啶(M26.1)、环丙烷乙酸1,1'-[(3S,4R,4aR,6S,6aS,12R,12aS,12bS)-4-[[(2-环丙基乙酰基)氧基]甲基]-1,3,4,4a,5,6,6a,12,12a,12b-十氢-12-羟基-4,6a,12b-三甲基-11-氧代-9-(3-吡啶基)-2H,11H-萘并[2,1-b]吡喃并[3,4-e]吡喃-3,6-二基]酯(M26.2)和8-(2-环丙基甲氧基-4-三氟甲基苯氧基)-3-(6-三氟甲基哒嗪-3-基)-3-氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷(M26.3)。
3.根据权利要求1的即用可发泡农药组合物,其中所述颗粒状农药为选自如下的杀真菌剂:选自如下的呼吸抑制剂:腈嘧菌酯(azoxystrobin)、醚菌胺(dimoxystrobin)、烯肟菌酯(enestroburin)、氟嘧菌酯(fluoxastrobin)、亚胺菌(kresoxim-methyl)、叉氨苯酰胺(metominostrobin)、肟醚菌胺(orysastrobin)、啶氧菌酯(picoxystrobin)、唑菌胺酯(pyraclostrobin)、pyrametostrobin、唑菌酯(pyraoxystrobin)、pyribencarb、肟菌酯(trifloxystrobin)、(2-氯-5-[1-(3-甲基苄氧亚氨基)乙基]苄基)氨基甲酸甲酯和2-(2-(3-(2,6-二氯苯基)-1-甲基亚烯丙基氨基氧甲基)苯基)-2-甲氧亚氨基-N-甲基乙酰胺、唑酮菌(famoxadone)、咪唑菌酮(fenamidone)、麦锈灵(benodanil)、bixafen、啶酰菌胺(boscalid)、萎锈灵(carboxin)、呋菌胺(fenfuram)、环酰菌胺(fenhexamid)、氟吡菌酰胺(fluopyram)、氟酰胺(flutolanil)、呋吡唑灵(furametpyr)、isopyrazam、异噻菌胺(isotianil)、丙氧灭绣胺(mepronil)、氧化萎锈灵(oxycarboxin)、penflufen、吡噻菌胺(penthiopyrad)、sedaxane、叶枯酞(tecloftalam)、溴氟唑菌(thifluzamide)、噻酰菌胺(tiadinil)、2-氨基-4-甲基噻唑-5-甲酰苯胺、N-(3',4',5'-三氟联苯-2-基)-3-二氟甲基-1-甲基-1H-吡唑-4-甲酰胺、N-(4'-三氟甲硫基联苯-2-基)-3-二氟甲基-1-甲基-1H-吡唑-4-甲酰胺和N-(2-(1,3,3-三甲基丁基)苯基)-1,3-二甲基-5-氟-1H-吡唑-4-甲酰胺、氰霜唑(cyazofamid)、amisulbrom、二氟林(diflumetorim)、乐杀螨(binapacryl)、敌螨通(dinobuton)、敌螨普(dinocap)、氟啶胺(fluazinam)、异丙消(nitrothal-isopropyl)、四氯硝基苯(tecnazen)、嘧菌腙(ferimzone)、三苯锡基盐、ametoctradin、硅噻菌胺(silthiofam);选自如下的甾醇生物合成抑制剂(SBI杀真菌剂):戊环唑(azaconazole)、双苯三唑醇(bitertanol)、糠菌唑(bromuconazole)、环唑醇(cyproconazole)、醚唑(difenoconazole)、烯唑醇(diniconazole)、烯唑醇M(diniconazole-M)、氧唑菌(epoxiconazole)、腈苯唑(fenbuconazole)、喹唑菌酮(fluquinconazole)、氟硅唑(flusilazole)、粉唑醇(flutriafol)、己唑醇(hexaconazole)、酰胺唑(imibenconazole)、环戊唑醇(ipconazole)、环戊唑菌(metconazole)、腈菌唑(myclobutanil)、多效唑(paclobutrazole)、戊菌唑(penconazole)、丙环唑(propiconazole)、丙硫菌唑(prothioconazole)、硅氟唑(simeconazole)、戊唑醇(tebuconazole)、氟醚唑(tetraconazole)、三唑酮(triadimefon)、唑菌醇(triadimenol)、戊叉唑菌(triticonazole)、烯效唑(uniconazole)、抑霉唑(imazalil)、稻瘟酯(pefurazoate)、oxpoconazole、丙氯灵(prochloraz)、氟菌唑(triflumizole)、异嘧菌醇(fenarimol)、氟苯嘧啶醇(nuarimol)、啶斑肟(pyrifenox)、嗪氨灵(triforine)、4-十二烷基-2,6-二甲基吗啉(aldimorph)、吗菌灵(dodemorph)、吗菌灵乙酸酯(dodemorph-acetate)、丁苯吗啉(fenpropimorph)、克啉菌(tridemorph)、苯锈啶(fenpropidin)、粉病灵(piperalin)、螺茂胺(spiroxamine)、环酰菌胺(fenhexamid)、苯霜灵(benalaxyl)、精苯霜灵(benalaxyl-M)、kiralaxyl、甲霜灵(metalaxyl)、精甲霜灵(metalaxyl-M)(mefenoxam)、甲呋酰胺(ofurace)、霜灵(oxadixyl)、土菌消(hymexazole)、异噻菌酮(octhilinone)、恶喹酸(oxolinic acid)、磺嘧菌灵(bupirimate)、苯菌灵(benomyl)、多菌灵(carbendazim)、麦穗宁(fuberidazole)、涕必灵(thiabendazole)、甲基托布津(thiophanate-methyl)、5-氯-7-(4-甲基哌啶-1-基)-6-(2,4,6-三氟苯基)-[1,2,4]三唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶、乙霉威(diethofencarb)、噻唑菌胺(ethaboxam)、戊菌隆(pencycuron)、氟吡菌胺(fluopicolide)、苯酰菌胺(zoxamide)、苯菌酮(metrafenone)、环丙嘧啶(cyprodinil)、嘧菌胺(mepanipyrim)、氯草定(nitrapyrin)、二甲嘧菌胺(pyrimethanil)、灭瘟素(blasticidin-S)、春雷素(kasugamycin)、春雷素盐酸盐水合物(kasugamycin hydrochloride-hydrate)、米多霉素(mildiomycin)、链霉素(streptomycin)、土霉素(oxytetracyclin)、多氧霉素(polyoxine)、井冈霉素(validamycin A)、氟菌安(fluoroimide)、异丙定(iprodione)、杀菌利(procymidone)、烯菌酮(vinclozolin)、拌种咯(fenpiclonil)、氟菌(fludioxonil)、喹氧灵(quinoxyfen)、克瘟散(edifenphos)、异稻瘟净(iprobenfos)、定菌磷(pyrazophos)、稻瘟灵(isoprothiolane)、氯硝胺(dicloran)、五氯硝基苯(quintozene)、四氯硝基苯(tecnazene)、甲基立枯磷(tolclofos-methyl)、联苯、地茂散(chloroneb)、氯唑灵(etridiazole)、烯酰吗啉(dimethomorph)、氟吗啉(flumorph)、双炔酰菌胺(mandiproamid)、丁吡吗啉(pyrimorph)、苯噻菌胺(benthiavalicarb)、异丙菌胺(iprovalicarb)、pyribencarb、valifenalate和N-(1-(1-(4-氰基苯基)乙磺酰基)丁-2-基)氨基甲酸4-氟苯基酯、百维灵(propamocarb)、霜霉威盐酸盐(propamocarb-hydrochlorid)、波尔多液(Bordeaux混合物)、醋酸铜、氢氧化铜、王铜(copper oxychloride)、碱式硫酸铜、硫、福美铁(ferbam)、代森锰锌(mancozeb)、代森锰(maneb)、威百亩(metam)、磺菌威(methasulphocarb)、代森联(metiram)、甲基代森锌(propineb)、福美双(thiram)、代森锌(zineb)、福美锌(ziram)、敌菌灵(anilazine)、百菌清(chlorothalonil)、敌菌丹(captafol)、克菌丹(captan)、灭菌丹(folpet)、抑菌灵(dichlofluanid)、双氯酚(dichlorophen)、磺菌胺(flusulfamide)、六氯苯(hexachlorobenzene)、五氯酚(pentachlorphenole)及其盐、四氯苯酞(phthalide)、对甲抑菌灵(tolylfluanid)、N-(4-氯-2-硝基苯基)-N-乙基-4-甲基苯磺酰胺、胍、多果定(dodine)、多果定游离碱、双胍盐(guazatine)、双胍辛胺(guazatine-acetate)、双胍辛醋酸盐(iminoctadine)、双胍辛胺三乙酸盐(iminoctadine-triacetate)、双八胍盐(iminoctadine-tris(albesilate))、二噻农(dithianon)、井冈霉素(validamycin)、多氧霉素(polyoxin B)、咯喹酮(pyroquilon)、三环唑(tricyclazole)、氯环丙酰胺(carpropamide)、双氯氰菌胺(dicyclomet)、氰菌胺(fenoxanil)、噻二唑素(acibenzolar-S-methyl)、噻菌灵(probenazole)、异噻菌胺(isotianil)、噻酰菌胺(tiadinil)、调环酸钙(prohexadione-calcium)、藻菌磷(fosetyl)、藻菌磷铝(fosetyl-aluminum)、亚磷酸及其盐、拌棉醇(bronopol)、灭螨蜢(chinomethionat)、环氟菌胺(cyflufenamid)、清菌脲(cymoxanil)、棉隆(dazomet)、咪菌威(debacarb)、哒菌清(diclomezine)、野燕枯(difenzoquat)、野燕枯甲基硫酸酯(difenzoquat-methylsulfate)、二苯胺、氟联苯菌(flumetover)、磺菌胺(flusulfamide)、flutianil、磺菌威(methasulfocarb)、喹啉铜(oxin-copper)、丙氧喹啉(proquinazid)、tebufloquin、叶枯酞(tecloftalam)、唑菌嗪(triazoxide)、2-丁氧基-6-碘-3-丙基苯并吡喃-4-酮、N-(环丙基甲氧亚氨基-(6-二氟甲氧基-2,3-二氟苯基)甲基)-2-苯基乙酰胺、N'-(4-(4-氯-3-三氟甲基苯氧基)-2,5-二甲基苯基)-N-乙基-N甲基甲脒、N'(4-(4-氟-3-三氟甲基苯氧基)-2,5-二甲基苯基)-N-乙基-N-甲基甲脒、N'-(2-甲基-5-三氟甲基-4-(3-三甲基硅烷基丙氧基)苯基)-N-乙基-N-甲基甲脒、N'-(5-二氟甲基-2-甲基-4-(3-三甲基硅烷基丙氧基)苯基)-N-乙基-N-甲基甲脒、2-{1-[2-(5-甲基-3-三氟甲基吡唑-1-基)乙酰基]哌啶-4-基}-噻唑-4-甲酸甲基-(1,2,3,4-四氢萘-1-基)酰胺、2-{1-[2-(5-甲基-3-三氟甲基吡唑-1-基)乙酰基]哌啶-4-基}-噻唑-4-甲酸甲基-(R)-1,2,3,4-四氢萘-1-基酰胺、甲氧基乙酸6-叔丁基-8-氟-2,3-二甲基喹啉-4-基酯和N-甲基-2-{1-[(5-甲基-3-三氟甲基-1H-吡唑-1-基)乙酰基]哌啶-4-基}-N-[(1R)-1,2,3,4-四氢萘-1-基]-4-噻唑甲酰胺、3-[5-(4-氯苯基)-2,3-二甲基异唑烷-3-基]吡啶、3-[5-(4-甲基苯基)-2,3-二甲基异唑烷-3-基]吡啶、5-氨基-2-异丙基-3-氧代-4-邻甲苯基-2,3-二氢吡唑-1-硫代甲酸S-烯丙酯、N-(6-甲氧基吡啶-3-基)环丙烷甲酰胺、5-氯-1-(4,6-二甲氧基嘧啶-2-基)-2-甲基-1H-苯并咪唑、2-(4-氯苯基)-N-[4-(3,4-二甲氧基苯基)异唑-5-基]-2-丙-2-炔氧基乙酰胺、脱落酸(abscisic acid)、先甲草胺(amidochlor)、嘧啶醇(ancymidol)、苄胺基嘌呤(6-benzylaminopurine)、油菜素内酯(brassinolide)、地乐胺(butralin)、矮壮素阳离子(chlormequat)(矮壮素(chlormequat chloride))、氯化胆碱(choline chloride)、环丙酸酰胺(cyclanilide)、丁酰肼(daminozide)、敌草克(dikegulac)、噻节因(dimethipin)、2,6-二甲基吡啶(2,6-dimethylpuridine)、乙烯利(ethephon)、抑芽敏(flumetralin)、呋嘧醇(flurprimidol)、达草氟(fluthiacet)、调吡脲(forchlorfenuron)、九二O(gibberellic acid)、抗倒胺(inabenfide)、吲哚-3-乙酸、抑芽丹(maleic hydrazide)、氟草磺(mefluidide)、助壮素阳离子(mepiquat)(助壮素(mepiquat chloride))、萘乙酸、N-6-苄基腺嘌呤、多效唑、调环酸(prohexadione)(调环酸钙)、茉莉酸诱导体(prohydrojasmon)、赛二唑素(thidiazuron)、抑芽唑(triapenthenol)、脱叶磷(tributylphosphorotrithioate)、2,3,5-三碘苯甲酸、抗倒酯(trinexapac-ethyl)和烯效唑以及抗真菌生物控制剂。
4.根据权利要求1的即用可发泡农药组合物,其中所述颗粒状农药为选自如下的除草剂:乙草胺(acetochlor)、甲草胺(alachlor)、丁草胺(butachlor)、克草胺(dimethachlor)、噻吩草胺(dimethenamid)、氟噻草胺(flufenacet)、苯噻草胺(mefenacet)、异丙甲草胺(metolachlor)、吡草胺(metazachlor)、草萘胺(napropamide)、萘丙胺(naproanilide)、烯草胺(pethoxamid)、丙草胺(pretilachlor)、扑草胺(propachlor)、噻醚草胺(thenylchlor)、双丙氨酰膦(bilanafos)、草甘膦(glyphosate)、草铵膦(glufosinate)、草硫膦(sulfosate)、炔草酯(clodinafop)、氰氟草酯(cyhalofop-butyl)、唑禾草灵(fenoxaprop)、吡氟禾草灵(fluazifop)、吡氟氯禾灵(haloxyfop)、恶唑酰草胺(metamifop)、喔草酯(propaquizafop)、喹禾灵(quizalofop)、喹禾灵(四氢糠基酯)(quizalofop-p-tefuryl)、敌草快阳离子(diquat)、对草快阳离子(paraquat)、黄草灵(asulam)、苏达灭(butylate)、长杀草(carbetamide)、异苯敌草(desmedipham)、哌草丹(dimepiperate)、扑草灭(eptam)(EPTC)、禾草畏(esprocarb)、草达灭(molinate)、坪草丹(orbencarb)、苯敌草(phenmedipham)、苄草丹(prosulfocarb)、稗草畏(pyributicarb)、杀草丹(thiobencarb)、野麦畏(triallate)、丁氧环酮(butroxydim)、烯草酮(clethodim)、噻草酮(cycloxydim)、环苯草酮(profoxydim)、稀禾定(sethoxydim)、醌肟草(tepraloxydim)、肟草酮(tralkoxydim)、氟草胺(benfluralin)、丁氟消草(ethalfluralin)、黄草消(oryzalin)、胺硝草(pendimethalin)、氨基丙氟灵(prodiamine)、氟乐灵(trifluralin)、氟锁草醚(acifluorfen)、苯草醚(aclonifen)、治草醚(bifenox)、氯甲草(diclofop)、氯氟草醚(ethoxyfen)、氟黄胺草醚(fomesafen)、乳氟禾草灵(lactofen)、乙氧氟草醚(oxyfluorfen)、溴苯腈(bromoxynil)、敌草腈(dichlobenil)、碘苯腈(ioxynil)、咪草酯(imazamethabenz)、咪草啶酸(imazamox)、甲基咪草烟(imazapic)、灭草烟(imazapyr)、灭草喹(imazaquin)、咪草烟(imazethapyr)、稗草胺(clomeprop)、2,4-二氯苯氧基乙酸(2,4-D)、2,4-DB、2,4-滴丙酸(dichlorprop)、2甲4氯(MCPA)、2甲4氯乙硫酯(MCPA-thioethyl)、2甲4氯丁酸(MCPB)、2甲4氯丙酸(mecoprop)、杀草敏(chloridazon)、氟哒嗪草酯(flufenpyr-ethyl)、达草氟(fluthiacet)、达草灭(norflurazon)、达草止(pyridate)、氨草啶(aminopyralid)、二氯皮考啉酸(clopyralid)、吡氟草胺(diflufenican)、氟硫草定(dithiopyr)、氟草同(fluridone)、氟草烟(fluroxypyr)、毒莠定(picloram)、氟吡酰草胺(picolinafen)、噻氟啶草(thiazopyr)、磺氨黄隆(amidosulfuron)、四唑黄隆(azimsulfuron)、苄嘧黄隆(bensulfuron)、氯嘧黄隆(chlorimuron-ethyl)、绿黄隆(chlorsulfuron)、醚黄隆(cinosulfuron)、环丙黄隆(cyclosulfamuron)、乙氧嘧黄隆(ethoxysulfuron)、啶嘧黄隆(flazasulfuron)、氟吡磺隆(flucetosulfuron)、氟啶黄隆(flupyrsulfuron)、酰胺磺隆(foramsulfuron)、吡氯黄隆(halosulfuron)、啶咪黄隆(imazosulfuron)、甲基碘磺隆(iodosulfuron)、甲磺胺磺隆(mesosulfuron)、metazosulfuron、甲黄隆(metsulfuron-methyl)、烟嘧黄隆(nicosulfuron)、环丙氧黄隆(oxasulfuron)、氟嘧黄隆(primisulfuron)、氟丙黄隆(prosulfuron)、吡嘧黄隆(pyrazosulfuron)、玉嘧黄隆(rimsulfuron)、嘧黄隆(sulfometuron)、乙黄黄隆(sulfosulfuron)、噻黄隆(thifensulfuron)、醚苯黄隆(triasulfuron)、苯黄隆(tribenuron)、三氟啶磺隆(trifloxysulfuron)、氟胺磺隆(triflusulfuron)、三氟甲磺隆(tritosulfuron)、1-((2-氯-6-丙基咪唑并[1,2-b]哒嗪-3-基)磺酰基)-3-(4,6-二甲氧基嘧啶-2-基)脲,三嗪类:莠灭净(ametryn)、莠去津(atrazine)、草净津(cyanazine)、戊草津(dimethametryn)、乙嗪草酮(ethiozin)、六嗪同(hexazinone)、苯嗪草(metamitron)、赛克津(metribuzin)、扑草净(prometryn)、西玛津(simazine)、特丁津(terbuthylazine)、去草净(terbutryn)、苯氧丙胺津(triaziflam)、绿麦隆(chlorotoluron)、香草隆(daimuron)、敌草隆(diuron)、伏草隆(fluometuron)、异丙隆(isoproturon)、利谷隆(linuron)、噻唑隆(methabenzthiazuron)、丁唑隆(tebuthiuron)、双草醚钠盐(bispyribac-sodium)、氯酯磺草胺(cloransulam-methyl)、唑嘧磺胺(diclosulam)、双氟磺草胺(florasulam)、氟酮磺隆(flucarbazone)、氟唑啶草(flumetsulam)、唑草磺胺(metosulam)、嘧苯胺磺隆(ortho-sulfamuron)、五氟磺草胺(penoxsulam)、丙氧基卡巴腙(propoxycarbazone)、丙酯草醚(pyribambenz-propyl)、嘧苯草肟(pyribenzoxim)、环酯草醚(pyriftalid)、肟啶草(pyriminobac-methyl)、pyrimisulfan、嘧硫苯甲酸(pyrithiobac)、pyroxasulfone、甲氧磺草胺(pyroxsulam)、胺唑草酮(amicarbazone)、三唑胺(aminotriazole)、莎稗磷(anilofos)、beflubutamid、草除灵(benazolin)、bencarbazone、benfluresate、吡草酮(benzofenap)、噻草平(bentazone)、苯并双环酮(benzobicyclon)、bicyclopyrone、除草定(bromacil)、溴丁酰草胺(bromobutide)、氟丙嘧草酯(butafenacil)、草胺磷(butamifos)、胺草唑(cafenstrole)、氟酮唑草(carfentrazone)、吲哚酮草酯(cinidon-ethyl)、敌草索(chlorthal)、环庚草醚(cinmethylin)、异恶草酮(clomazone)、苄草隆(cumyluron)、cyprosulfamide、麦草畏(dicamba)、苯敌快(difenzoquat)、二氟吡隆(diflufenzopyr)、稗内脐蠕孢菌(Drechslera monoceras)、敌草腈(endothal)、乙呋草黄(ethofumesate)、乙苯酰草(etobenzanid)、fenoxasulfone、四唑酰草胺(fentrazamide)、氟烯草酸(flumiclorac-pentyl)、氟嗪酮(flumioxazin)、胺草唑(flupoxam)、氟咯草酮(fluorochloridone)、呋草酮(flurtamone)、茚草酮(indanofan)、异恶草胺(isoxaben)、异氟草(isoxaflutole)、环草定(lenacil)、敌稗(propanil)、拿草特(propyzamide)、二氯喹啉酸(quinclorac)、喹草酸(quinmerac)、硝草酮(mesotrione)、甲胂酸(methylarsonic acid)、抑草生(naptalam)、炔丙唑草(oxadiargyl)、恶草灵(oxadiazon)、氯嗪草(oxaziclomefone)、戊唑草(pentoxazone)、唑啉草酯(pinoxaden)、双唑草腈(pyraclonil)、吡草醚(pyraflufen-ethyl)、pyrasulfotole、苄草唑(pyrazoxyfen)、吡唑特(pyrazolynate)、灭藻醌(quinoclamine)、嘧啶肟草醚(saflufenacil)、磺草酮(sulcotrione)、磺胺草唑(sulfentrazone)、特草定(terbacil)、tefuryltrione、tembotrione、thiencarbazone、topramezone、(3-[2-氯-4-氟-5-(3-甲基-2,6-二氧代-4-三氟甲基-3,6-二氢-2H-嘧啶-1-基)苯氧基]吡啶-2-基氧基)乙酸乙酯、6-氨基-5-氯-2-环丙基嘧啶-4-甲酸甲酯、6-氯-3-(2-环丙基-6-甲基苯氧基)哒嗪-4-醇、4-氨基-3-氯-6-(4-氯苯基)-5-氟吡啶-2-甲酸、4-氨基-3-氯-6-(4-氯-2-氟-3-甲氧基苯基)吡啶-2-甲酸甲酯和4-氨基-3-氯-6-(4-氯-3-二甲基氨基-2-氟苯基)吡啶-2-甲酸甲酯。
5.根据权利要求1的即用可发泡农药组合物,其中所述增稠剂选自膨润土粘土、黄原胶、瓜尔豆胶、阿拉伯胶、藻蛋白、黄蓍胶和藻酸钠。
6.根据权利要求1的即用可发泡农药组合物,其包含泡沫稳定剂。
7.根据权利要求6的即用可发泡农药组合物,其中所述增稠剂也为所述泡沫稳定剂。
8.根据权利要求1的即用可发泡农药组合物,其中所述组合物能够在施用之后保持泡沫相小于约2分钟。
9.根据权利要求1的即用可发泡农药组合物,其中所述组合物包含喷射剂且所述喷射剂在所述农药组合物中的总量基于所述组合物为至少约1重量%。
10.根据权利要求1的即用可发泡农药组合物,包含至少约0.005重量%颗粒状农药。
11.一种用于将农药施用于害虫的农药施用器,所述施用器包括:
容器;和
位于所述容器内的农药组合物,所述农药组合物包含稀释剂、悬浮于所述稀释剂中的颗粒状农药、增稠剂和包含至少一种脂肪酸皂的表面活性剂体系。
12.根据权利要求11的农药施用器,其中所述颗粒状农药为选自如下的杀节肢动物剂:(M1)选自如下的有机(硫代)磷酸酯类化合物:高灭磷(acephate)、唑啶磷(azamethiphos)、乙基谷硫磷(azinphos-ethyl)、谷硫磷(azinphos-methyl)、氯氧磷(chlorethoxyfos)、毒虫畏(chlorfenvinphos)、氯甲硫磷(chlormephos)、毒死蜱(chlorpyrifos)、甲基毒死蜱(chlorpyrifos-methyl)、蝇毒磷(coumaphos)、杀螟腈(cyanophos)、甲基内吸磷(demeton-S-methyl)、二嗪农(diazinon)、敌敌畏(dichlorvos/DDVP)、百治磷(dicrotophos)、乐果(dimethoate)、甲基毒虫畏(dimethylvinphos)、乙拌磷(disulfoton)、苯硫磷(EPN)、乙硫磷(ethion)、丙线磷(ethoprophos)、伐灭磷(famphur)、苯线磷(fenamiphos)、杀螟松(fenitrothion)、倍硫磷(fenthion)、吡氟硫磷(flupyrazophos)、噻唑硫磷(fosthiazate)、庚烯磷(heptenophos)、异唑磷(isoxathion)、马拉硫磷(malathion)、灭蚜磷(mecarbam)、甲胺磷(methamidophos)、杀扑磷(methidathion)、速灭磷(mevinphos)、久效磷(monocrotophos)、氧乐果(omethoate)、砜吸磷(oxydemeton-methyl)、一六零五(parathion)、甲基一六零五(parathion-methyl)、稻丰散(phenthoate)、甲拌磷(phorate)、伏杀磷(phosalone)、亚胺硫磷(phosmet)、磷胺(phosphamidon)、辛硫磷(phoxim)、虫螨磷(pirimiphos-methyl)、丙溴磷(profenofos)、巴胺磷(propetamphos)、丙硫磷(prothiofos)、吡唑硫磷(pyraclofos)、哒嗪硫磷(pyridaphenthion)、喹硫磷(quinalphos)、治螟磷(sulfotep)、丁基嘧啶磷(tebupirimfos)、双硫磷(temephos)、特丁磷(terbufos)、杀虫威(tetrachlorvinphos)、甲基乙拌磷(thiometon)、三唑磷(triazophos)、敌百虫(trichlorfon)和蚜灭磷(vamidothion);(M2)选自如下的氨基甲酸酯类化合物:涕灭威(aldicarb)、棉铃威(alanycarb)、虫威(bendiocarb)、丙硫克百威(benfuracarb)、丁酮威(butocarboxim)、丁酮氧威(butoxycarboxim)、甲萘威(carbaryl)、虫螨威(carbofuran)、丁硫克百威(carbosulfan)、苯虫威(ethiofencarb)、仲丁威(fenobucarb)、抗螨脒(formetanate)、呋线威(furathiocarb)、异丙威(isoprocarb)、灭虫威(methiocarb)、灭多虫(methomyl)、速灭威(metolcarb)、甲氨叉威(oxamyl)、抗蚜威(pirimicarb)、残杀威(propoxur)、硫双威(thiodicarb)、久效威(thiofanox)、混杀威(trimethacarb)、二甲威(XMC)、灭杀威(xylylcarb)和唑蚜威(triazamate);(M3)选自如下的合成除虫菊酯类化合物:氟丙菊酯(acrinathrin)、丙烯除虫菊(allethrin)、右旋丙烯菊酯(d-cis-trans allethrin)、右旋反式丙烯菊酯(d-trans allethrin)、氟氯菊酯(bifenthrin)、生物烯丙菊酯(bioallethrin)、2-环戊烯基生物烯丙菊酯(bioallethrin S-cyclopentenyl)、生物苄呋菊酯(bioresmethrin)、乙氰菊酯(cycloprothrin)、氟氯氰菊酯(cyfluthrin)、高效氟氯氰菊酯(beta-cyfluthrin)、(RS)氯氟氰菊酯(cyhalothrin)、氯氟氰菊酯(lambda-cyhalothrin)、精高效氯氟氰菊酯(gamma-cyhalothrin)、氯氰菊酯(cypermethrin)、甲体氯氰菊酯(alpha-cypermethrin)、乙体氯氰菊酯(beta-cypermethrin)、高效反式氯氰菊酯(theta-cypermethrin)、己体氯氰菊酯(zeta-cypermethrin)、苯醚氰菊酯(cyphenothrin)、溴氰菊酯(deltamethrin)、烯炔菊酯(empenthrin)、高氰戊菊酯(esfenvalerate)、醚菊酯(etofenprox)、甲氰菊酯(fenpropathrin)、杀灭菊酯(fenvalerate)、氟氰戊菊酯(flucythrinate)、氟氯苯菊酯(flumethrin)、氟胺氰菊酯(tau-fluvalinate)、溴氟醚菊酯(halfenprox)、咪炔菊酯(imiprothrin)、甲氧苄氟菊酯(metofluthrin)、氯菊酯(permethrin)、苯醚菊酯(phenothrin)、炔酮菊酯(prallethrin)、丙氟菊酯(profluthrin)、除虫菊酯(pyrethrin(除虫菊(pyrethrum)))、灭虫菊(resmethrin)、灭虫硅醚(silafluofen)、七氟菊酯(tefluthrin)、胺菊酯(tetramethrin)、四溴菊酯(tralomethrin)和四氟菊酯(transfluthrin);(M4)选自蒙512(hydroprene)、烯虫炔酯(kinoprene)、蒙五一五(methoprene)、双氧威(fenoxycarb)和蚊蝇醚(pyriproxyfen)的保幼激素模拟物;(M5)选自如下的烟碱性受体激动剂/拮抗剂化合物:吡虫清(acetamiprid)、杀虫磺(bensultap)、杀螟丹(cartaphydrochloride)、噻虫胺(clothianidin)、呋虫胺(dinotefuran)、吡虫啉(imidacloprid)、噻虫嗪(thiamethoxam)、硝胺烯啶(nitenpyram)、烟碱(nicotine)、艾克敌105(spinosad)(别构激动剂)、乙基多杀菌素(spinetoram)(别构激动剂)、噻虫啉(thiacloprid)、杀虫环(thiocyclam)、杀虫双(thiosultap-sodium)和AKD1022;(M6)选自氯丹(chlordane)、硫丹(endosulfan)、林丹(gamma-HCH(lindane))、乙虫腈(ethiprole)、锐劲特(fipronil)、pyrafluprole和pyriprole的GABA门控氯离子通道拮抗剂化合物;(M7)选自齐墩螨素(abamectin)、甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐(emamectinbenzoate)、米尔螨素(milbemectin)和lepimectin的氯离子通道活化剂;(M8)选自喹螨醚(fenazaquin)、唑螨酯(fenpyroximate)、嘧螨醚(pyrimidifen)、哒螨酮(pyridaben)、吡螨胺(tebufenpyrad)、唑虫酰胺(tolfenpyrad)、嘧虫胺(flufenerim)和鱼藤酮(rotenone)的METI I化合物;(M9)选自灭螨醌(acequinocyl)、fluacyprim、灭蚁腙(hydramethylnon)的METI II和III化合物;(M10)选自氟唑虫清(chlorfenapyr)和二硝酚(DNOC)的氧化磷酸化去偶剂;(M11)选自三唑锡(azocyclotin)、三环锡(cyhexatin)、杀白蚁硫隆(diafenthiuron)、杀白蚁锡(fenbutatin oxide)、克螨特(propargite)、三氯杀白蚁砜(tetradifon)的氧化磷酸化抑制剂;(M12)选自灭蝇胺(cyromazine)、环虫酰肼(chromafenozide)、特丁苯酰肼(halofenozide)、甲氧苯酰肼(methoxyfenozide)、双苯酰肼(tebufenozide)的蜕皮干扰剂;选自增效醚(piperonyl butoxide)和脱叶膦(tribufos)的增效剂;(M14)选自二唑虫(indoxacarb)和氰氟虫胺(metaflumizone)的钠通道阻断剂化合物;(M15)选自crylotie、拒嗪酮(pymetrozine)和氟啶虫酰胺(flonicamid)的选择性进食阻断剂;(M16)选自四螨嗪(clofentezine)、噻螨酮(hexythiazox)和特苯唑(etoxazole)的螨生长抑制剂;(M17)选自如下的几丁质合成抑制剂:噻嗪酮(buprofezin)、双三氟虫脲(bistrifluron)、定虫隆(chlorfluazuron)、氟脲杀(diflubenzuron)、氟螨脲(flucycloxuron)、氟虫脲(flufenoxuron)、氟铃脲(hexaflumuron)、氟丙氧脲(lufenuron)、双苯氟脲(novaluron)、多氟虫酰脲(noviflumuron)、伏虫隆(teflubenzuron)和杀虫隆(triflumuron);(M18)选自螺螨酯(spirodiclofen)、螺甲螨酯(spiromesifen)、螺虫乙酯(spirotetramat)的类脂生物合成抑制剂;(M19)选自双甲脒(amitraz)的章鱼胺能激动剂;(M20)选自氟虫酰胺(flubendiamide)和邻苯二甲酰胺化合物(R)-、(S)-3-氯-N1-{2-甲基-4-[1,2,2,2-四氟-1-(三氟甲基)乙基]苯基}-N2-(1-甲基-2-甲基磺酰基乙基)邻苯二甲酰胺(M20.1)的鱼尼汀(Ryanodine)受体调节剂,(M21)选自如下的异唑啉化合物:(4-[5-(3,5-二氯苯基)-5-三氟甲基-4,5-二氢异唑-3-基]-2-甲基-N-吡啶-2-基甲基苯甲酰胺(M21.1)、(4-[5-(3,5-二氯苯基)-5-三氟甲基-4,5-二氢异唑-3-基]-2-甲基-N-(2,2,2-三氟乙基)苯甲酰胺(M21.2)、(4-[5-(3,5-二氯苯基)-5-三氟甲基-4,5-二氢异唑-3-基]-2-甲基-N-[(2,2,2-三氟乙基氨基甲酰基)甲基]苯甲酰胺(M21.3)、(4-[5-(3,5-二氯苯基)-5-三氟甲基-4,5-二氢异唑-3-基]萘-1-甲酸[(2,2,2-三氟乙基氨基甲酰基)甲基]酰胺(M21.4)、4-[5-(3,5-二氯苯基)-5-三氟甲基-4,5-二氢异唑-3-基]-N-[(甲氧亚氨基)甲基]-2-甲基苯甲酰胺(M21.5)、4-[5-(3-氯-5-三氟甲基苯基)-5-三氟甲基-4,5-二氢异唑-3-基]-2-甲基-N-[(2,2,2-三氟乙基氨基甲酰基)甲基]苯甲酰胺(M21.6)、4-[5-(3-氯-5-三氟甲基苯基)-5-三氟甲基-4,5-二氢异唑-3-基]萘-1-甲酸[(2,2,2-三氟乙基氨基甲酰基)甲基]酰胺(M21.7)和5-[5-(3,5-二氯-4-氟苯基)-5-三氟甲基-4,5-二氢异唑-3-基]-2-[1,2,4]三唑-1-基苄腈(M21.8);(M22)选自如下的邻氨基苯甲酰胺类化合物:氯虫酰胺(chloranthraniliprole)、氰虫酰胺(cyantraniliprole)、5-溴-2-(3-氯吡啶-2-基)-2H-吡唑-3-甲酸[4-氰基-2-(1-环丙基乙基氨基甲酰基)-6-甲基苯基]酰胺(M22.1)、5-溴-2-(3-氯吡啶-2-基)-2H-吡唑-3-甲酸[2-氯-4-氰基-6-(1-环丙基乙基氨基甲酰基)苯基]酰胺(M22.2)、5-溴-2-(3-氯吡啶-2-基)-2H-吡唑-3-甲酸[2-溴-4-氰基-6-(1-环丙基乙基氨基甲酰基)苯基]酰胺(M22.3)、5-溴-2-(3-氯吡啶-2-基)-2H-吡唑-3-甲酸[2-溴-4-氯-6-(1-环丙基乙基氨基甲酰基)苯基]酰胺(M22.4)、5-溴-2-(3-氯吡啶-2-基)-2H-吡唑-3-甲酸[2,4-二氯-6-(1-环丙基乙基氨基甲酰基)苯基]酰胺(M22.5)、5-溴-2-(3-氯吡啶-2-基)-2H-吡唑-3-甲酸[4-氯-2-(1-环丙基乙基氨基甲酰基)-6-甲基苯基]酰胺(M22.6)、N'-(2-{[5-溴-2-(3-氯吡啶-2-基)-2H-吡唑-3-羰基]氨基}-5-氯-3-甲基苯甲酰基)肼甲酸甲酯(M22.7)、N'-(2-{[5-溴-2-(3-氯吡啶-2-基)-2H-吡唑-3-羰基]氨基}-5-氯-3-甲基苯甲酰基)-N'-甲基肼甲酸甲酯(M22.8)、N'-(2-{[5-溴-2-(3-氯吡啶-2-基)-2H-吡唑-3-羰基]氨基}-5-氯-3-甲基苯甲酰基)-N,N'-二甲基肼甲酸甲酯(M22.9)、N'-(3,5-二溴-2-{[5-溴-2-(3-氯吡啶-2-基)-2H-吡唑-3-羰基]氨基}苯甲酰基)肼甲酸甲酯(M22.10)、N'-(3,5-二溴-2-{[5-溴-2-(3-氯吡啶-2-基)-2H-吡唑-3-羰基]氨基}苯甲酰基)-N'-甲基肼甲酸甲酯(M22.11)和N'-(3,5-二溴-2-{[5-溴-2-(3-氯吡啶-2-基)-2H-吡唑-3-羰基]氨基}苯甲酰基)-N,N'-二甲基肼甲酸甲酯(M22.12);(M23)选自2-(2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5-八氟戊基)-2-(3,3,3-三氟丙基)丙二腈(CF2H-CF2-CF2-CF2-CH2-C(CN)2-CH2-CH2-CF3)(M23.1)和2-(2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5-八氟戊基)-2-(3,3,4,4,4-五氟丁基)丙二腈(CF2H-CF2-CF2-CF2-CH2-C(CN)2-CH2-CH2-CF2-CF3)(M23.2)的丙二腈类化合物,(M24)选自苏云金芽孢杆菌以色列亚种(Bacillus thuringiensissubsp.Israelensis)、球形芽孢杆菌(Bacillus sphaericus)、苏云金芽胞杆菌鲇泽亚种(Bacillus thuringiensis subsp.Aizawai)、Bacillus thuringiensissubsp.Kurstaki和苏云金芽胞杆菌拟步行甲亚种菌株(Bacillusthuringiensis subsp.Tenebrionis)的微生物干扰剂;(M25)选自如下的氨基呋喃酮类化合物:4-{[(6-溴吡啶-3-基)甲基](2-氟乙基)氨基}呋喃-2(5H)-酮(M25.1)、4-{[(6-氟吡啶-3-基)甲基](2,2-二氟乙基)氨基}呋喃-2(5H)-酮(M25.2)、4-{[(2-氯-1,3-噻唑-5-基)甲基](2-氟乙基)氨基}呋喃-2(5H)-酮(M25.3)、4-{[(6-氯吡啶-3-基)甲基](2-氟乙基)氨基}呋喃-2(5H)-酮(M25.4)、4-{[(6-氯吡啶-3-基)甲基](2,2-二氟乙基)氨基}呋喃-2(5H)-酮(M25.5)、4-{[(6-氯-5-氟吡啶-3-基)甲基](甲基)氨基}呋喃-2(5H)-酮(M25.6)、4-{[(5,6-二氯吡啶-3-基)甲基](2-氟乙基)氨基}呋喃-2(5H)-酮(M25.7)、4-{[(6-氯-5-氟吡啶-3-基)甲基](环丙基)氨基}呋喃-2(5H)-酮(M25.8)、4-{[(6-氯吡啶-3-基)甲基](环丙基)氨基}呋喃-2(5H)-酮(M25.9)和4-{[(6-氯吡啶-3-基)甲基](甲基)氨基}呋喃-2(5H)-酮(M25.10);(M26)选自如下的各种其他化合物:磺胺螨酯(amidoflumet)、benclothiaz、苯螨特(benzoximate)、联苯肼酯(bifenazate)、硼砂、溴螨酯(bromopropylate)、cyenopyrafen、丁氟螨酯(cyflumetofen)、喹菌酮(chinomethionate)、三氯杀白蚁醇(dicofol)、氟乙酸酯、啶虫丙醚(pyridalyl)、pyrifluquinazon、酒石酸氧锑钾(tartar emetic)、sulfoxaflor、N-R'-2,2-二halo-1-R″-环丙烷甲酰胺-2-(2,6-二氯-α,α,α-三氟对甲苯基)腙或N-R'-2,2-二(R''')丙酰胺-2-(2,6-二氯-α,α,α-三氟对甲苯基)腙,其中R'为甲基或乙基,halo为氯或溴,R″为氢或甲基且R'''为甲基或乙基,4-丁-2-炔基氧基-6-(3,5-二甲基哌啶-1-基)-2-氟嘧啶(M26.1)、环丙烷乙酸1,1'-[(3S,4R,4aR,6S,6aS,12R,12aS,12bS)-4-[[(2-环丙基乙酰基)氧基]甲基]-1,3,4,4a,5,6,6a,12,12a,12b-十氢-12-羟基-4,6a,12b-三甲基-11-氧代-9-(3-吡啶基)-2H,11H-萘并[2,1-b]吡喃并[3,4-e]吡喃-3,6-二基]酯(M26.2)和8-(2-环丙基甲氧基-4-三氟甲基苯氧基)-3-(6-三氟甲基哒嗪-3-基)-3-氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷(M26.3)。
13.根据权利要求11的农药施用器,其中所述颗粒状农药为选自如下的杀真菌剂:选自如下的呼吸抑制剂:腈嘧菌酯(azoxystrobin)、醚菌胺(dimoxystrobin)、烯肟菌酯(enestroburin)、氟嘧菌酯(fluoxastrobin)、亚胺菌(kresoxim-methyl)、叉氨苯酰胺(metominostrobin)、肟醚菌胺(orysastrobin)、啶氧菌酯(picoxystrobin)、唑菌胺酯(pyraclostrobin)、pyrametostrobin、唑菌酯(pyraoxystrobin)、pyribencarb、肟菌酯(trifloxystrobin)、(2-氯-5-[1-(3-甲基苄氧亚氨基)乙基]苄基)氨基甲酸甲酯和2-(2-(3-(2,6-二氯苯基)-1-甲基亚烯丙基氨基氧甲基)苯基)-2-甲氧亚氨基-N-甲基乙酰胺、唑酮菌(famoxadone)、咪唑菌酮(fenamidone)、麦锈灵(benodanil)、bixafen、啶酰菌胺(boscalid)、萎锈灵(carboxin)、呋菌胺(fenfuram)、环酰菌胺(fenhexamid)、氟吡菌酰胺(fluopyram)、氟酰胺(flutolanil)、呋吡唑灵(furametpyr)、isopyrazam、异噻菌胺(isotianil)、丙氧灭绣胺(mepronil)、氧化萎锈灵(oxycarboxin)、penflufen、吡噻菌胺(penthiopyrad)、sedaxane、叶枯酞(tecloftalam)、溴氟唑菌(thifluzamide)、噻酰菌胺(tiadinil)、2-氨基-4-甲基噻唑-5-甲酰苯胺、N-(3',4',5'-三氟联苯-2-基)-3-二氟甲基-1-甲基-1H-吡唑-4-甲酰胺、N-(4'-三氟甲硫基联苯-2-基)-3-二氟甲基-1-甲基-1H-吡唑-4-甲酰胺和N-(2-(1,3,3-三甲基丁基)苯基)-1,3-二甲基-5-氟-1H-吡唑-4-甲酰胺、氰霜唑(cyazofamid)、amisulbrom、二氟林(diflumetorim)、乐杀螨(binapacryl)、敌螨通(dinobuton)、敌螨普(dinocap)、氟啶胺(fluazinam)、异丙消(nitrothal-isopropyl)、四氯硝基苯(tecnazen)、嘧菌腙(ferimzone)、三苯锡基盐、ametoctradin、硅噻菌胺(silthiofam);选自如下的甾醇生物合成抑制剂(SBI杀真菌剂):戊环唑(azaconazole)、双苯三唑醇(bitertanol)、糠菌唑(bromuconazole)、环唑醇(cyproconazole)、醚唑(difenoconazole)、烯唑醇(diniconazole)、烯唑醇M(diniconazole-M)、氧唑菌(epoxiconazole)、腈苯唑(fenbuconazole)、喹唑菌酮(fluquinconazole)、氟硅唑(flusilazole)、粉唑醇(flutriafol)、己唑醇(hexaconazole)、酰胺唑(imibenconazole)、环戊唑醇(ipconazole)、环戊唑菌(metconazole)、腈菌唑(myclobutanil)、多效唑(paclobutrazole)、戊菌唑(penconazole)、丙环唑(propiconazole)、丙硫菌唑(prothioconazole)、硅氟唑(simeconazole)、戊唑醇(tebuconazole)、氟醚唑(tetraconazole)、三唑酮(triadimefon)、唑菌醇(triadimenol)、戊叉唑菌(triticonazole)、烯效唑(uniconazole)、抑霉唑(imazalil)、稻瘟酯(pefurazoate)、oxpoconazole、丙氯灵(prochloraz)、氟菌唑(triflumizole)、异嘧菌醇(fenarimol)、氟苯嘧啶醇(nuarimol)、啶斑肟(pyrifenox)、嗪氨灵(triforine)、4-十二烷基-2,6-二甲基吗啉(aldimorph)、吗菌灵(dodemorph)、吗菌灵乙酸酯(dodemorph-acetate)、丁苯吗啉(fenpropimorph)、克啉菌(tridemorph)、苯锈啶(fenpropidin)、粉病灵(piperalin)、螺茂胺(spiroxamine)、环酰菌胺(fenhexamid)、苯霜灵(benalaxyl)、精苯霜灵(benalaxyl-M)、kiralaxyl、甲霜灵(metalaxyl)、精甲霜灵(metalaxyl-M)(mefenoxam)、甲呋酰胺(ofurace)、霜灵(oxadixyl)、土菌消(hymexazole)、异噻菌酮(octhilinone)、恶喹酸(oxolinic acid)、磺嘧菌灵(bupirimate)、苯菌灵(benomyl)、多菌灵(carbendazim)、麦穗宁(fuberidazole)、涕必灵(thiabendazole)、甲基托布津(thiophanate-methyl)、5-氯-7-(4-甲基哌啶-1-基)-6-(2,4,6-三氟苯基)-[1,2,4]三唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶、乙霉威(diethofencarb)、噻唑菌胺(ethaboxam)、戊菌隆(pencycuron)、氟吡菌胺(fluopicolide)、苯酰菌胺(zoxamide)、苯菌酮(metrafenone)、环丙嘧啶(cyprodinil)、嘧菌胺(mepanipyrim)、氯草定(nitrapyrin)、二甲嘧菌胺(pyrimethanil)、灭瘟素(blasticidin-S)、春雷素(kasugamycin)、春雷素盐酸盐水合物(kasugamycin hydrochloride-hydrate)、米多霉素(mildiomycin)、链霉素(streptomycin)、土霉素(oxytetracyclin)、多氧霉素(polyoxine)、井冈霉素(validamycin A)、氟菌安(fluoroimide)、异丙定(iprodione)、杀菌利(procymidone)、烯菌酮(vinclozolin)、拌种咯(fenpiclonil)、氟菌(fludioxonil)、喹氧灵(quinoxyfen)、克瘟散(edifenphos)、异稻瘟净(iprobenfos)、定菌磷(pyrazophos)、稻瘟灵(isoprothiolane)、氯硝胺(dicloran)、五氯硝基苯(quintozene)、四氯硝基苯(tecnazene)、甲基立枯磷(tolclofos-methyl)、联苯、地茂散(chloroneb)、氯唑灵(etridiazole)、烯酰吗啉(dimethomorph)、氟吗啉(flumorph)、双炔酰菌胺(mandiproamid)、丁吡吗啉(pyrimorph)、苯噻菌胺(benthiavalicarb)、异丙菌胺(iprovalicarb)、pyribencarb、valifenalate和N-(1-(1-(4-氰基苯基)乙磺酰基)丁-2-基)氨基甲酸4-氟苯基酯、百维灵(propamocarb)、霜霉威盐酸盐(propamocarb-hydrochlorid)、波尔多液(Bordeaux混合物)、醋酸铜、氢氧化铜、王铜(copper oxychloride)、碱式硫酸铜、硫、福美铁(ferbam)、代森锰锌(mancozeb)、代森锰(maneb)、威百亩(metam)、磺菌威(methasulphocarb)、代森联(metiram)、甲基代森锌(propineb)、福美双(thiram)、代森锌(zineb)、福美锌(ziram)、敌菌灵(anilazine)、百菌清(chlorothalonil)、敌菌丹(captafol)、克菌丹(captan)、灭菌丹(folpet)、抑菌灵(dichlofluanid)、双氯酚(dichlorophen)、磺菌胺(flusulfamide)、六氯苯(hexachlorobenzene)、五氯酚(pentachlorphenole)及其盐、四氯苯酞(phthalide)、对甲抑菌灵(tolylfluanid)、N-(4-氯-2-硝基苯基)-N-乙基-4-甲基苯磺酰胺、胍、多果定(dodine)、多果定游离碱、双胍盐(guazatine)、双胍辛胺(guazatine-acetate)、双胍辛醋酸盐(iminoctadine)、双胍辛胺三乙酸盐(iminoctadine-triacetate)、双八胍盐(iminoctadine-tris(albesilate))、二噻农(dithianon)、井冈霉素(validamycin)、多氧霉素(polyoxin B)、咯喹酮(pyroquilon)、三环唑(tricyclazole)、氯环丙酰胺(carpropamide)、双氯氰菌胺(dicyclomet)、氰菌胺(fenoxanil)、噻二唑素(acibenzolar-S-methyl)、噻菌灵(probenazole)、异噻菌胺(isotianil)、噻酰菌胺(tiadinil)、调环酸钙(prohexadione-calcium)、藻菌磷(fosetyl)、藻菌磷铝(fosetyl-aluminum)、亚磷酸及其盐、拌棉醇(bronopol)、灭螨蜢(chinomethionat)、环氟菌胺(cyflufenamid)、清菌脲(cymoxanil)、棉隆(dazomet)、咪菌威(debacarb)、哒菌清(diclomezine)、野燕枯(difenzoquat)、野燕枯甲基硫酸酯(difenzoquat-methylsulfate)、二苯胺、氟联苯菌(flumetover)、磺菌胺(flusulfamide)、flutianil、磺菌威(methasulfocarb)、喹啉铜(oxin-copper)、丙氧喹啉(proquinazid)、tebufloquin、叶枯酞(tecloftalam)、唑菌嗪(triazoxide)、2-丁氧基-6-碘-3-丙基苯并吡喃-4-酮、N-(环丙基甲氧亚氨基-(6-二氟甲氧基-2,3-二氟苯基)甲基)-2-苯基乙酰胺、N'-(4-(4-氯-3-三氟甲基苯氧基)-2,5-二甲基苯基)-N-乙基-N甲基甲脒、N'(4-(4-氟-3-三氟甲基苯氧基)-2,5-二甲基苯基)-N-乙基-N-甲基甲脒、N'-(2-甲基-5-三氟甲基-4-(3-三甲基硅烷基丙氧基)苯基)-N-乙基-N-甲基甲脒、N'-(5-二氟甲基-2-甲基-4-(3-三甲基硅烷基丙氧基)苯基)-N-乙基-N-甲基甲脒、2-{1-[2-(5-甲基-3-三氟甲基吡唑-1-基)乙酰基]哌啶-4-基}-噻唑-4-甲酸甲基-(1,2,3,4-四氢萘-1-基)酰胺、2-{1-[2-(5-甲基-3-三氟甲基吡唑-1-基)乙酰基]哌啶-4-基}-噻唑-4-甲酸甲基-(R)-1,2,3,4-四氢萘-1-基酰胺、甲氧基乙酸6-叔丁基-8-氟-2,3-二甲基喹啉-4-基酯和N-甲基-2-{1-[(5-甲基-3-三氟甲基-1H-吡唑-1-基)乙酰基]哌啶-4-基}-N-[(1R)-1,2,3,4-四氢萘-1-基]-4-噻唑甲酰胺、3-[5-(4-氯苯基)-2,3-二甲基异唑烷-3-基]吡啶、3-[5-(4-甲基苯基)-2,3-二甲基异唑烷-3-基]吡啶、5-氨基-2-异丙基-3-氧代-4-邻甲苯基-2,3-二氢吡唑-1-硫代甲酸S-烯丙酯、N-(6-甲氧基吡啶-3-基)环丙烷甲酰胺、5-氯-1-(4,6-二甲氧基嘧啶-2-基)-2-甲基-1H-苯并咪唑、2-(4-氯苯基)-N-[4-(3,4-二甲氧基苯基)异唑-5-基]-2-丙-2-炔氧基乙酰胺、脱落酸(abscisic acid)、先甲草胺(amidochlor)、嘧啶醇(ancymidol)、苄胺基嘌呤(6-benzylaminopurine)、油菜素内酯(brassinolide)、地乐胺(butralin)、矮壮素阳离子(chlormequat)(矮壮素(chlormequat chloride))、氯化胆碱(choline chloride)、环丙酸酰胺(cyclanilide)、丁酰肼(daminozide)、敌草克(dikegulac)、噻节因(dimethipin)、2,6-二甲基吡啶(2,6-dimethylpuridine)、乙烯利(ethephon)、抑芽敏(flumetralin)、呋嘧醇(flurprimidol)、达草氟(fluthiacet)、调吡脲(forchlorfenuron)、九二O(gibberellic acid)、抗倒胺(inabenfide)、吲哚-3-乙酸、抑芽丹(maleic hydrazide)、氟草磺(mefluidide)、助壮素阳离子(mepiquat)(助壮素(mepiquat chloride))、萘乙酸、N-6-苄基腺嘌呤、多效唑、调环酸(prohexadione)(调环酸钙)、茉莉酸诱导体(prohydrojasmon)、赛二唑素(thidiazuron)、抑芽唑(triapenthenol)、脱叶磷(tributylphosphorotrithioate)、2,3,5-三碘苯甲酸、抗倒酯(trinexapac-ethyl)和烯效唑以及抗真菌生物控制剂。
14.根据权利要求11的农药施用器,其中所述颗粒状农药为选自如下的除草剂:乙草胺(acetochlor)、甲草胺(alachlor)、丁草胺(butachlor)、克草胺(dimethachlor)、噻吩草胺(dimethenamid)、氟噻草胺(flufenacet)、苯噻草胺(mefenacet)、异丙甲草胺(metolachlor)、吡草胺(metazachlor)、草萘胺(napropamide)、萘丙胺(naproanilide)、烯草胺(pethoxamid)、丙草胺(pretilachlor)、扑草胺(propachlor)、噻醚草胺(thenylchlor)、双丙氨酰膦(bilanafos)、草甘膦(glyphosate)、草铵膦(glufosinate)、草硫膦(sulfosate)、炔草酯(clodinafop)、氰氟草酯(cyhalofop-butyl)、唑禾草灵(fenoxaprop)、吡氟禾草灵(fluazifop)、吡氟氯禾灵(haloxyfop)、恶唑酰草胺(metamifop)、喔草酯(propaquizafop)、喹禾灵(quizalofop)、喹禾灵(四氢糠基酯)(quizalofop-p-tefuryl)、敌草快阳离子(diquat)、对草快阳离子(paraquat)、黄草灵(asulam)、苏达灭(butylate)、长杀草(carbetamide)、异苯敌草(desmedipham)、哌草丹(dimepiperate)、扑草灭(eptam)(EPTC)、禾草畏(esprocarb)、草达灭(molinate)、坪草丹(orbencarb)、苯敌草(phenmedipham)、苄草丹(prosulfocarb)、稗草畏(pyributicarb)、杀草丹(thiobencarb)、野麦畏(triallate)、丁氧环酮(butroxydim)、烯草酮(clethodim)、噻草酮(cycloxydim)、环苯草酮(profoxydim)、稀禾定(sethoxydim)、醌肟草(tepraloxydim)、肟草酮(tralkoxydim)、氟草胺(benfluralin)、丁氟消草(ethalfluralin)、黄草消(oryzalin)、胺硝草(pendimethalin)、氨基丙氟灵(prodiamine)、氟乐灵(trifluralin)、氟锁草醚(acifluorfen)、苯草醚(aclonifen)、治草醚(bifenox)、氯甲草(diclofop)、氯氟草醚(ethoxyfen)、氟黄胺草醚(fomesafen)、乳氟禾草灵(lactofen)、乙氧氟草醚(oxyfluorfen)、溴苯腈(bromoxynil)、敌草腈(dichlobenil)、碘苯腈(ioxynil)、咪草酯(imazamethabenz)、咪草啶酸(imazamox)、甲基咪草烟(imazapic)、灭草烟(imazapyr)、灭草喹(imazaquin)、咪草烟(imazethapyr)、稗草胺(clomeprop)、2,4-二氯苯氧基乙酸(2,4-D)、2,4-DB、2,4-滴丙酸(dichlorprop)、2甲4氯(MCPA)、2甲4氯乙硫酯(MCPA-thioethyl)、2甲4氯丁酸(MCPB)、2甲4氯丙酸(mecoprop)、杀草敏(chloridazon)、氟哒嗪草酯(flufenpyr-ethyl)、达草氟(fluthiacet)、达草灭(norflurazon)、达草止(pyridate)、氨草啶(aminopyralid)、二氯皮考啉酸(clopyralid)、吡氟草胺(diflufenican)、氟硫草定(dithiopyr)、氟草同(fluridone)、氟草烟(fluroxypyr)、毒莠定(picloram)、氟吡酰草胺(picolinafen)、噻氟啶草(thiazopyr)、磺氨黄隆(amidosulfuron)、四唑黄隆(azimsulfuron)、苄嘧黄隆(bensulfuron)、氯嘧黄隆(chlorimuron-ethyl)、绿黄隆(chlorsulfuron)、醚黄隆(cinosulfuron)、环丙黄隆(cyclosulfamuron)、乙氧嘧黄隆(ethoxysulfuron)、啶嘧黄隆(flazasulfuron)、氟吡磺隆(flucetosulfuron)、氟啶黄隆(flupyrsulfuron)、酰胺磺隆(foramsulfuron)、吡氯黄隆(halosulfuron)、啶咪黄隆(imazosulfuron)、甲基碘磺隆(iodosulfuron)、甲磺胺磺隆(mesosulfuron)、metazosulfuron、甲黄隆(metsulfuron-methyl)、烟嘧黄隆(nicosulfuron)、环丙氧黄隆(oxasulfuron)、氟嘧黄隆(primisulfuron)、氟丙黄隆(prosulfuron)、吡嘧黄隆(pyrazosulfuron)、玉嘧黄隆(rimsulfuron)、嘧黄隆(sulfometuron)、乙黄黄隆(sulfosulfuron)、噻黄隆(thifensulfuron)、醚苯黄隆(triasulfuron)、苯黄隆(tribenuron)、三氟啶磺隆(trifloxysulfuron)、氟胺磺隆(triflusulfuron)、三氟甲磺隆(tritosulfuron)、1-((2-氯-6-丙基咪唑并[1,2-b]哒嗪-3-基)磺酰基)-3-(4,6-二甲氧基嘧啶-2-基)脲,三嗪类:莠灭净(ametryn)、莠去津(atrazine)、草净津(cyanazine)、戊草津(dimethametryn)、乙嗪草酮(ethiozin)、六嗪同(hexazinone)、苯嗪草(metamitron)、赛克津(metribuzin)、扑草净(prometryn)、西玛津(simazine)、特丁津(terbuthylazine)、去草净(terbutryn)、苯氧丙胺津(triaziflam)、绿麦隆(chlorotoluron)、香草隆(daimuron)、敌草隆(diuron)、伏草隆(fluometuron)、异丙隆(isoproturon)、利谷隆(linuron)、噻唑隆(methabenzthiazuron)、丁唑隆(tebuthiuron)、双草醚钠盐(bispyribac-sodium)、氯酯磺草胺(cloransulam-methyl)、唑嘧磺胺(diclosulam)、双氟磺草胺(florasulam)、氟酮磺隆(flucarbazone)、氟唑啶草(flumetsulam)、唑草磺胺(metosulam)、嘧苯胺磺隆(ortho-sulfamuron)、五氟磺草胺(penoxsulam)、丙氧基卡巴腙(propoxycarbazone)、丙酯草醚(pyribambenz-propyl)、嘧苯草肟(pyribenzoxim)、环酯草醚(pyriftalid)、肟啶草(pyriminobac-methyl)、pyrimisulfan、嘧硫苯甲酸(pyrithiobac)、pyroxasulfone、甲氧磺草胺(pyroxsulam)、胺唑草酮(amicarbazone)、三唑胺(aminotriazole)、莎稗磷(anilofos)、beflubutamid、草除灵(benazolin)、bencarbazone、benfluresate、吡草酮(benzofenap)、噻草平(bentazone)、苯并双环酮(benzobicyclon)、bicyclopyrone、除草定(bromacil)、溴丁酰草胺(bromobutide)、氟丙嘧草酯(butafenacil)、草胺磷(butamifos)、胺草唑(cafenstrole)、氟酮唑草(carfentrazone)、吲哚酮草酯(cinidon-ethyl)、敌草索(chlorthal)、环庚草醚(cinmethylin)、异恶草酮(clomazone)、苄草隆(cumyluron)、cyprosulfamide、麦草畏(dicamba)、苯敌快(difenzoquat)、二氟吡隆(diflufenzopyr)、稗内脐蠕孢菌(Drechslera monoceras)、敌草腈(endothal)、乙呋草黄(ethofumesate)、乙苯酰草(etobenzanid)、fenoxasulfone、四唑酰草胺(fentrazamide)、氟烯草酸(flumiclorac-pentyl)、氟嗪酮(flumioxazin)、胺草唑(flupoxam)、氟咯草酮(fluorochloridone)、呋草酮(flurtamone)、茚草酮(indanofan)、异恶草胺(isoxaben)、异氟草(isoxaflutole)、环草定(lenacil)、敌稗(propanil)、拿草特(propyzamide)、二氯喹啉酸(quinclorac)、喹草酸(quinmerac)、硝草酮(mesotrione)、甲胂酸(methylarsonic acid)、抑草生(naptalam)、炔丙唑草(oxadiargyl)、恶草灵(oxadiazon)、氯嗪草(oxaziclomefone)、戊唑草(pentoxazone)、唑啉草酯(pinoxaden)、双唑草腈(pyraclonil)、吡草醚(pyraflufen-ethyl)、pyrasulfotole、苄草唑(pyrazoxyfen)、吡唑特(pyrazolynate)、灭藻醌(quinoclamine)、嘧啶肟草醚(saflufenacil)、磺草酮(sulcotrione)、磺胺草唑(sulfentrazone)、特草定(terbacil)、tefuryltrione、tembotrione、thiencarbazone、topramezone、(3-[2-氯-4-氟-5-(3-甲基-2,6-二氧代-4-三氟甲基-3,6-二氢-2H-嘧啶-1-基)苯氧基]吡啶-2-基氧基)乙酸乙酯、6-氨基-5-氯-2-环丙基嘧啶-4-甲酸甲酯、6-氯-3-(2-环丙基-6-甲基苯氧基)哒嗪-4-醇、4-氨基-3-氯-6-(4-氯苯基)-5-氟吡啶-2-甲酸、4-氨基-3-氯-6-(4-氯-2-氟-3-甲氧基苯基)吡啶-2-甲酸甲酯和4-氨基-3-氯-6-(4-氯-3-二甲基氨基-2-氟苯基)吡啶-2-甲酸甲酯。
15.根据权利要求11的农药施用器,其中所述农药组合物包含在所述容器内加压所述组合物的喷射剂。
16.根据权利要求15的农药施用器,其中所述喷射剂在所述农药组合物中的总量基于所述组合物为至少约1重量%。
17.根据权利要求15的农药施用器,其中所述喷射剂选自丙烷、异丁烷、二氧化碳及其混合物。
18.根据权利要求15的农药施用器,其中所述组合物包含丙烷和异丁烷作为喷射剂。
19.根据权利要求11的农药施用器,包括阀门和与所述阀门连接以调节所述农药组合物由所述容器流出的致动器。
20.根据权利要求11的农药施用器,其中所述施用器进一步包括输送系统和用于连接所述输送系统的适配夹。
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