CN104069775A - 阶梯凹槽模盘塔式同步滚轮颗粒机 - Google Patents
阶梯凹槽模盘塔式同步滚轮颗粒机 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种阶梯凹槽模盘塔式同步滚轮颗粒机,包括盛料桶,盛料桶内安装环形模盘,环形模盘的中部开设通孔,环形模盘的上表面开设至少两条环状凹槽,环状凹槽的外沿内壁为斜面,环状凹槽内开设模孔,模孔均布在环状凹槽内,通孔内安装支撑座,支撑座中间的轴孔内安装纵向传动轴,传动轴由电机驱动,纵向传动轴上端穿过支撑座的轴孔位于盛料桶内,纵向传动轴上安装支撑轴,支撑轴的两端分别安装碾压盘,碾压盘上均分别设置滚轮,滚轮的直径不同呈塔式分布,滚轮与相应的环状凹槽配合并在相应的环状凹槽内转动,支撑座与环形模盘固定连接。本发明的滚轮与环状凹槽的严格配合,使滚轮的使用寿命长,并能够使模孔处的挤压力均衡。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及颗粒机,是一种阶梯凹槽模盘塔式同步滚轮颗粒机。
背景技术
用秸杆或秸杆与粉煤等混合物挤压成燃料的设备已公开了多种结构,例如:平模制粒机、滚轮挤压机等。但是,这些设备在使用中发现仍存在不足:秸杆的混合物在加工时易四溅,使秸杆与其它物料的比例失衡,直接影响最终产品的质量,同时加工效率低;在达到燃料较高密度要求时需要多种混合物的严格比例及添加剂,生产的柱体颗粒不能用于燃气轮机;由于物料聚集在模孔周围的压力不能集中,易造成模孔逐步缺少挤压力、造成模孔堵塞,无法正常挤出颗粒;滚轮运转阻力大,易产生扭曲变形,影响对模孔的挤压力,无法形成正常颗粒,导致产量降低,维修量增加。
发明内容
本发明的目的是,提供一种阶梯凹槽模盘塔式同步滚轮颗粒机,它能够解决现有技术的不足。
本发明为实现上述目的,通过以下技术方案实现:阶梯凹槽模盘塔式同步滚轮颗粒机,包括盛料桶,盛料桶内安装环形模盘,环形模盘的中部开设通孔,环形模盘的上表面开设至少两条环状凹槽,环状凹槽的外沿内壁为斜面,每条环状凹槽内均开设模孔,模孔均布在环状凹槽360°的范围内,通孔内安装支撑座,支撑座中间的轴孔内安装纵向传动轴,传动轴由电机驱动,纵向传动轴上端穿过支撑座的轴孔位于盛料桶内,纵向传动轴上安装支撑轴,支撑轴的两端分别安装第一碾压盘和第二碾压盘,第一碾压盘和第二碾压盘上均分别设置至少两个滚轮,滚轮的直径不同,呈塔式分布,滚轮与相应的环状凹槽配合并在相应的环状凹槽内转动,支撑座与环形模盘固定连接。每两条环状凹槽间是斜面连接,斜面的高端位于直径小的环状凹槽外边沿,斜面的低端位于直径大的环状凹槽内边沿,最小直径的环状凹槽的上表面高于任一条环状凹槽的上表面。第一碾压盘和第二碾压盘上分别设置3个滚轮,环形模盘的上表面开设三条环状凹槽,最外沿环状凹槽的深度大于其它两条环状凹槽的深度,三条环状凹槽分别与碾压盘上的滚轮相配合。第一碾压盘安装在第一轴套上,第一轴套安装在第一轴承上,第一轴承安装在支撑轴的一侧,第二碾压盘安装在第二轴套上,第二轴套安装在第二轴承上,第二轴承安装在支撑轴的另一侧。支撑轴上、与第一轴承的一端面紧密配合安装第一石墨根盘,支撑轴上、与第二轴承的一端面紧密配合安装第二石墨根盘,第一石墨根盘的外端面与第一轴套的外端面位于同一垂直平面内,第二石墨根盘的外端面与第二轴套的外端面位于同一垂直平面内。支撑座的上端与第三轴套连接,支撑座的下端与第四轴套连接,支撑座安装在轴承上。环状凹槽的深度以最大直径的环状凹槽的深度为准,其它环状凹槽向模盘的中心部位依次逐渐变小。环状凹槽的内底平面的两边沿处为圆弧状,滚轮的端面外沿为圆角,环状凹槽底平面的宽度L1比滚轮端面宽度L2大1-2毫米。每条环状凹槽内的模孔直径和高度均相等,模孔的高度为40-60毫米,直径为7-15毫米。每条环状凹槽的宽度均为20-40毫米。
本发明的阶梯凹槽模盘塔式同步滚轮颗粒机,采用塔式滚轮等结构组合,滚轮的直径由模盘的中间部位向外逐渐加大,模盘的环状凹槽的直径由模盘中间部位向外逐渐加大,各环状凹槽间采用斜面连接,使秸杆或秸杆及粉煤混合物进入颗粒机后,靠自身重量依次滑入各道环状凹槽,使物料在揉合、挤压过程中,不产生秸杆等物料飞溅的现象,使各物料的混合比例不发生变化,挤出的柱体颗粒质量稳定;颗粒机可用于挤压秸杆物料、秸杆与粉煤的混合物料、粉煤物料、固体煤等各种纯天然物料等,不需要添加任何粘接剂,各物料经过本颗粒机的碾压、揉合及挤压形成的柱体颗粒均匀度好、柔软度好、不产生裂纹、不破碎,生产效率高、不出现堵塞模孔的现象,滚轮在运转中阻力小,不产生扭曲变形,对模孔的挤压力均衡,不出现打滑现象,本发明颗粒机的使用寿命比现有技术提高1-2倍,维修率极低,特别是滚轮与环状凹槽的严格配合,使滚轮的使用寿命长,并能够使物料均布在模孔处使模孔处的挤压力均衡等。
附图说明
附图1是本发明结构示意图;附图2是图1中环形模盘的放大结构示意图;图3是本发明的实施例之一结构示意图。
具体实施方式
对照附图对本发明做进一步说明。
本发明所述的阶梯凹槽模盘塔式同步滚轮颗粒机,有一个盛料桶15,盛料桶15内安装环形模盘1,环形模盘1的中部开设通孔21,环形模盘1的上表面开设至少两条环状凹槽,环状凹槽的外沿内壁为斜面,每条环状凹槽内均开设模孔2,模孔2均布在环状凹槽360°的范围内,通孔21内安装支撑座19,支撑座19中间的轴孔内安装纵向传动轴23,传动轴23由电机驱动,纵向传动轴23上端穿过支撑座19的轴孔位于盛料桶15内,纵向传动轴23上安装支撑轴11,支撑轴11的两端分别安装第一碾压盘25和第二碾压盘26,第一碾压盘25和第二碾压盘26上均分别设置至少两个滚轮,滚轮的直径不同,呈塔式分布,滚轮与相应的环状凹槽配合并在相应的环状凹槽内转动,支撑座19与环形模盘1固定连接。
本发明的优选方案是:每两条环状凹槽间是斜面连接,斜面的高端位于直径小的环状凹槽外边沿,斜面的低端位于直径大的环状凹槽内边沿,最小直径的环状凹槽的上表面高于任一条环状凹槽的上表面。使物料均匀滑入环状凹槽内,不出现堆积。
本发明所述的颗粒机设置的滚轮优选的方案为三个,其结构为:第一碾压盘25和第二碾压盘26上分别设置3个滚轮,环形模盘1的上表面开设三条环状凹槽,最外沿环状凹槽的深度大于其它两条环状凹槽的深度,三条环状凹槽分别与碾压盘上的滚轮相配合。这种结构的特点是使用寿命与自身设备的重量组合达到较好值,使滚轮的维修量降至较低水平。第一环状凹槽4的深度H1、第二环状凹槽6的深度H2和第三环状凹槽8的深度H3均为15-25毫米。
本发明进一步优选的方案是:第一碾压盘25安装在第一轴套10上,第一轴套10安装在第一轴承9上,第一轴承9安装在支撑轴11的一侧,第二碾压盘26安装在第二轴套24上,第二轴套24安装在第二轴承30上,第二轴承30安装在支撑轴11的另一侧。
为了增加碾压盘、轴套的使用寿命,增加散热效果,在支撑轴11上、与第一轴承9的一端面紧密配合安装第一石墨根盘12,支撑轴11上、与第二轴承30的一端面紧密配合安装第二石墨根盘31,第一石墨根盘12的外端面与第一轴套10的外端面位于同一垂直平面内,第二石墨根盘31的外端面与第二轴套24的外端面位于同一垂直平面内。第一轴承9和第二轴承30的厚度以70-180毫米为适宜。
本发明所述的进一步具体结构为:支撑座19的上端与第三轴套22连接,支撑座19的下端与第四轴套23连接,支撑座19安装在轴承20上。
本发明进一步的优选方案是:环状凹槽的深度以最大直径的环状凹槽的深度为准,其它环状凹槽向模盘的中心部位依次逐渐变小。使线速度达到最佳状态时,生产效率大幅提高。
本发明所述的环状凹槽的内底平面的两边沿处为圆弧状,滚轮的端面外沿为圆角,环状凹槽底平面的宽度L1比滚轮端面宽度L2大1-2毫米。圆弧状与圆角的配合使滚轮的端面压力更均匀一致,出料效率更高,
本发明优选的方案是:每条环状凹槽内的模孔直径和高度均相等,模孔的高度为40-60毫米,直径为7-15毫米。每条环状凹槽的宽度均为20-40毫米。
本发明颗粒机加工出的柱体颗粒是一种燃料,主要用于燃气轮机或蒸汽轮机的燃料。用于燃气轮、蒸汽轮机联合发电燃料。本发明的颗粒机可使料物的含水量达到20-25%,在碾压、揉合、挤压中使物料的温度达到100℃左右,使细泥状物料在湿热状态下挤压成柱体颗粒。柱体颗粒燃料在气化炉内能产生无氧煤气用以替代天然气。柱体颗粒在燃气炉内600-900℃的干馏层,能无阻碍释放焦油、苯、酚、硫气体,能达到90%回收;在蒸气与高温热碳中释放H2、CO和CH4,达到75%以上,总热量能够相当于煤热值的93%左右。本发明柱体颗粒做燃料与气化剂转换热值效率:与氧气、蒸汽气化产生热值大于28KJ/g,效率超过90%;与富氧、蒸汽气化产生热值为21KJ/g,效率达到70%;与空气、蒸汽气化产生热值为18KJ/g,效率达到50%。上述数据是在气化炉连续燃烧21天内做出的115次数据测试结果。
本发明柱体颗粒含水量小于20%,直接进入气化炉干燥段中,高温下柱体颗粒的水分迅速蒸发,使柱体颗粒内部成为气流通畅的“蜂窝”颗粒进入干馏层,释放碳氢、焦油气体,同时,接触氧化面积增大达到高气化效果。用本发明颗粒机生产的燃料成本低,不含任何添加剂、灰分量小,无有害气体排放。
本发明柱体颗粒的直径为12-18毫米,长度为30-200毫米为适合。
本发明颗粒机实施例之一如图3所示,它可以将两个或两个以上模盘串联安装在纵向传动轴上,由此,相应的安装支撑轴以及支撑轴上的塔式滚压盘,以及开设滚压盘配合的环状凹槽等结构,它可以直接安装在气化炉顶部使用,柱体颗粒燃料直接进入气化炉。当用图3所示多个模盘串联的结构组合时,最上层模盘的模孔大于下层模盘上的模孔。图中3是第一滚轮,5是第二滚轮,7是第三滚轮,27是第四滚轮,28是第五滚轮,29是第六滚轮。
Claims (10)
1. 阶梯凹槽模盘塔式同步滚轮颗粒机,包括盛料桶(15),其特征在于:盛料桶(15)内安装环形模盘(1),环形模盘(1)的中部开设通孔(21),环形模盘(1)的上表面开设至少两条环状凹槽,环状凹槽的外沿内壁为斜面,每条环状凹槽内均开设模孔(2),模孔(2)均布在环状凹槽360°的范围内,通孔(21)内安装支撑座(19),支撑座(19)中间的轴孔内安装纵向传动轴(23),传动轴(23)由电机驱动,纵向传动轴(23)上端穿过支撑座(19)的轴孔位于盛料桶(15)内,纵向传动轴(23)上安装支撑轴(11),支撑轴(11)的两端分别安装第一碾压盘(25)和第二碾压盘(26),第一碾压盘(25)和第二碾压盘(26)上均分别设置至少两个滚轮,滚轮的直径不同,呈塔式分布,滚轮与相应的环状凹槽配合并在相应的环状凹槽内转动,支撑座(19)与环形模盘(1)固定连接。
2.根据权利要求1所述的阶梯凹槽模盘塔式同步滚轮颗粒机,其特征在于:每两条环状凹槽间是斜面连接,斜面的高端位于直径小的环状凹槽外边沿,斜面的低端位于直径大的环状凹槽内边沿,最小直径的环状凹槽的上表面高于任一条环状凹槽的上表面。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的阶梯凹槽模盘塔式同步滚轮颗粒机,其特征在于:第一碾压盘(25)和第二碾压盘(26)上分别设置3个滚轮,环形模盘(1)的上表面开设三条环状凹槽,最外沿环状凹槽的深度大于其它两条环状凹槽的深度,三条环状凹槽分别与碾压盘上的滚轮相配合。
4.根据权利要求1所述的阶梯凹槽模盘塔式同步滚轮颗粒机,其特征在于:第一碾压盘(25)安装在第一轴套(10)上,第一轴套(10)安装在第一轴承(9)上,第一轴承(9)安装在支撑轴(11)的一侧,第二碾压盘(26)安装在第二轴套(24)上,第二轴套(24)安装在第二轴承(30)上,第二轴承(30)安装在支撑轴(11)的另一侧。
5.根据权利要求4所述的阶梯凹槽模盘塔式同步滚轮颗粒机,其特征在于:支撑轴(11)上、与第一轴承(9)的一端面紧密配合安装第一石墨根盘(12),支撑轴(11)上、与第二轴承(30)的一端面紧密配合安装第二石墨根盘(31),第一石墨根盘(12)的外端面与第一轴套(10)的外端面位于同一垂直平面内,第二石墨根盘(31)的外端面与第二轴套(24)的外端面位于同一垂直平面内。
6.根据权利要求1所述的阶梯凹槽模盘塔式同步滚轮颗粒机,其特征在于:支撑座(19)的上端与第三轴套(22)连接,支撑座(19)的下端与第四轴套(23)连接,支撑座(19)安装在轴承(20)上。
7.根据权利要求1所述的阶梯凹槽模盘塔式同步滚轮颗粒机,其特征在于:环状凹槽的深度以最大直径的环状凹槽的深度为准,其它环状凹槽向模盘的中心部位依次逐渐变小。
8.根据权利要求1所述的阶梯凹槽模盘塔式同步滚轮颗粒机,其特征在于:环状凹槽的内底平面的两边沿处为圆弧状,滚轮的端面外沿为圆角,环状凹槽底平面的宽度L1比滚轮端面宽度L2大1-2毫米。
9.根据权利要求1所述的阶梯凹槽模盘塔式同步滚轮颗粒机,其特征在于:每条环状凹槽内的模孔直径和高度均相等,模孔的高度为40-60毫米,直径为7-15毫米。
10.根据权利要求1所述的阶梯凹槽模盘塔式同步滚轮颗粒机,其特征在于:每条环状凹槽的宽度均为20-40毫米。
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CN107227177B (zh) * | 2016-09-13 | 2021-04-23 | 孔令增 | 兰炭干馏炉联接双段气化炉高温煤气替代助燃气干馏方法 |
CN107227176A (zh) * | 2017-06-28 | 2017-10-03 | 孔令增 | 一种密闭式煤气发生炉下段炉纯氧气化上段炉干馏组合进行小粒煤连续气化的方法 |
CN114225832A (zh) * | 2021-12-17 | 2022-03-25 | 安徽农腾新能源科技有限公司 | 一种环保型生物质燃料颗粒成型装置 |
CN114225832B (zh) * | 2021-12-17 | 2023-08-29 | 安徽农腾新能源科技有限公司 | 一种环保型生物质燃料颗粒成型装置 |
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US9464243B2 (en) | 2016-10-11 |
CN104069775B (zh) | 2016-01-06 |
CN104327880B (zh) | 2017-02-15 |
CN104312630A (zh) | 2015-01-28 |
CN104327880A (zh) | 2015-02-04 |
CN203971879U (zh) | 2014-12-03 |
US20150143749A1 (en) | 2015-05-28 |
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