CN104067972A - Method for cultivation of Yellow Sea gadus macrocephalus parent plants and incubation of oosperms - Google Patents
Method for cultivation of Yellow Sea gadus macrocephalus parent plants and incubation of oosperms Download PDFInfo
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- CN104067972A CN104067972A CN201410347918.3A CN201410347918A CN104067972A CN 104067972 A CN104067972 A CN 104067972A CN 201410347918 A CN201410347918 A CN 201410347918A CN 104067972 A CN104067972 A CN 104067972A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for cultivation of Yellow Sea gadus macrocephalus parent plants and incubation of oosperms, and belongs to the technical field of aquiculture seed cultivation. The method comprises the steps of parent plant cultivation and ovum pick-up, and artificial insemination and incubation; the parent plant cultivation temperature is at 2-8 DEG C; temperature fluctuation stimulation for one time is conducted during the parent plant cultivation period; the temperature stimulation method is that the water temperature uniformly and progressively rises to 6-8 DEG C from 2-3 DEG C; the temperature rising period lasts for 7-9 days; the temperature of 6-8 DEG C lasts for about 4-5 days; then the water temperature progressively and uniformly reduces to 3-4 DEG C from 6-8 DEG C; temperature reduction period lasts for 6-8 days; then the water temperature maintains at 3-4 DEG C; illumination intensity is adjusted to 10001 lx-15001 lx; salinity is at 2.8-3.3%; pH value is at 7.0-8.5; the cultivation is conducted in running water. According to the invention, the temperature stimulation is conducted during the parent plant cultivation process, so as to conducive to sex gland development of the parent plants; incubation is conducted on oosperms adopting the method; the hatchability is about 41.2%.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to aquaculture rearing of fingerling field, relate to particularly Huanghai Sea lodwife parent culture and method for incubating oosperm thereof.
Background technology
Lodwife, be commonly called as major part raw meat, English name Pacific cod, formal name used at school Gadus macrocephalus, belong to gadidae, cod belongs to kind, is the littoral cold water species extensively distributing in North Pacific, extends to the Sheng Tamonika gulf of California, USA from China's north Huanghai Sea along shelf margin marine site, North Pacific always.In China, why the Huanghai Sea can have cold water fishes to distribute, and existing of this and Huanghai Cold Water Mass is closely related.Lodwife because its stock number compared with one of topmost fishery harvesting kind in great Shi North Pacific.World wide production is in recent years at 40～500,000 tons, and China is up to 2.6 ten thousand tons in history, and its stock number exists cyclic fluctuation, within 2012, is higher a year of Huanghai Sea lodwife output.In the middle of sea fishing class, lodwife is one of good kind of mouthfeel, and the flesh of fish is also for processing seasoned and canned fish simultaneously.In addition, fish hepatomegaly and oil content are high, are rich in vitamin A and D, can be used for extracting cod-liver oil.Because natural resources amount is abundant, the lodwife market price is not high at present, and approximately 5 yuan/500g, generally speaking its economic worth is underestimated.American scholar has been carried out a large amount of correlative studys and has been comprised reproductive biology, growth, early development, migration route, population heredity, phyletic evolution, the aspects such as stock number variation, system comparatively.The artificial fecundation that Japan also once carried out lodwife in last century is released, but does not know why reason is interrupted.China is less about the research of lodwife, mainly sporadicly concentrates on form, feeding habits, the young postlarva developing environment factor, and the aspects such as population genetic are studied less still deep.Lack lodwife spawning ground and distribute, young postlarva distribution and migration route, correlation study and the researchs such as stock number variation, artificial breeding technology is still blank.Along with continuing to increase with continual high strength of fishery market demand fished for pressure; simple dependence fish self are supplemented and can not ensure resource continuous utilization far away; carry out artificial fecundation and release and be protection and repair the road of the certainty of impaired fishery resources, and can the total man's work propagation in scale that realize seed be the primary condition of enhancement releasing.At aspects such as North Pacific's lodwife high-quality parent population artificial culture and embryo quality cultivations, domestic not yet have play-by-play at present.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of Huanghai Sea lodwife parent culture and method for incubating oosperm thereof, by regulation and control breeding environment water temperature and illumination, the law of development of simulation lodwife parent population sexual gland in natural environment, the artificial regulation and control lodwife parent population gonad development degree that stimulates, make lodwife parent population reach optimality maturity state, thereby production high-quality gamete is to doing early-stage preparations for the extensive artificial culture of North Pacific lodwife.
The present invention realizes by following technical scheme:
A kind of Huanghai Sea lodwife parent culture and method for incubating oosperm, comprising: parent culture and adopt ovum, artificial insemination and hatching;
Described parent culture: parent culture temperature is at 2～8 DEG C, during parent culture, experiencing a temperature fluctuation stimulates, and to be water temperature be evenly progressively warming up to 6～8 DEG C from 2～3 DEG C to described thermal stimulus method, intensification duration 7-9 days, 6～8 DEG C maintained about 4～5 days; Then water temperature experience is progressively evenly down to 3～4 DEG C from 6～8 DEG C, cooling duration 6-8 days, and after this water temperature maintains 3～4 DEG C; Capable of regulating illumination intensity 1000lx～1500lx, salinity 28～33 ‰, pH value 7.0～8.5, perennial draingage is cultivated;
Described adopt ovum, artificial insemination and hatching: the method by manual compression after Huanghai Sea lodwife parent population gonadal maturation obtains high-quality sperm and ovum, then carries out artificial dry method insemination; Wash after ovum fertilized egg is put under 6～8 DEG C of water temperature conditions of water temperature, the incubation net cage of hydrostatic and micro-inflation hatches, salinity is 28～33 ‰; PH is 7.8～8.2, and dissolved oxygen is 5.2～7.6mg/L, experiences and within 15-18 days, completes hatching.
Further, described hydrostatic be with flowing water cultivate corresponding, in the incubating oosperm phase except changing water, do not enter draining.Described micro-inflation taking aeration quantity slowly to water body without vigorous agitation, to fertilized egg without obviously stirring, dissolved oxygen is as 5.2～7.6mg/L is as best.
The present invention's beneficial effect compared with prior art:
The inventive method is carried out reinforced cultivating to Huanghai Sea lodwife parent population, and by regulating and controlling temperature and illumination, parent population can, propagating gonadal maturation under condition artificially, be ovulated, inseminate and be hatched by manual compression, and incubation rate reaches more than 80%.Particularly the inventive method experiences a thermal stimulus in parent culture process, is conducive to parent's gonad development.
Adopt the inventive method to hatch fertilized egg, incubation rate approximately 41.2%.Enough in extensive cultivation Huanghai Sea lodwife seed provides safeguard, meet the requirement of the aspects such as enhancement releasing.
Embodiment
Below by embodiment, technical scheme of the present invention is further explained, but protection scope of the present invention is not subject to the restriction of embodiment.
Parent culture and method for incubating oosperm in a kind of Huanghai Sea lodwife large-scale cultivation, comprising: parent culture and adopt ovum, artificial insemination and hatching;
Embodiment 1
1, parent culture
On January 22nd, 2013, adopts drift net to catch lodwife 54 tails (the long 40～60cm of body) from Qingdao Area, is transported to sea, Donggang District at sunshine good fortune nursery.Filter out physical health, without illness and obvious parent's individuality of wound; Support temporarily in 6 × 6 × 1.2m cement pit, air-pump inflating, 25W watt of incandescent lamp control light, Florfenicol 3ppm dipping, changes water once, quantity of exchanged water 1/3 in every 2 days.Within the scope of 2～8 DEG C of temperature condition, experience a temperature fluctuation: parent population is supported temporarily in indoor cement pit, on January 8,28 days to 2014 December in 2013, water temperature experiences 3～6.5 DEG C of progressively temperature-rise periods, and 6～8 DEG C maintain 4 days; In on January 19,12 days to 2014 January in 2014, water temperature experiences 6.0～3 DEG C of progressively temperature-fall periods, and after this water temperature maintains 3 DEG C of left and right always.Illumination 1000lx, salinity 28, pH value 7.12～8.16, more than micro-inflation dissolved oxygen 5mg/L.Morning, noon and afternoon every day are patrolled pond, keep forming water body cleanliness without any pollution, remove in time dirt in pond, within every 7 days, quantitatively throw something and feed Florfenicol 3ppm dipping once.
According to practical operation experience in 2013 and between the Huanghai Sea lodwife parent's egg-laying period habit known, between Huanghai Sea lodwife parent's egg-laying period, parent population does not ingest, any bait of therefore not throwing something and feeding during this period, thereby but to keep perennial draingage to ensure that parent population supports the cleaning of water quality temporarily.
2, adopt ovum, artificial insemination and hatching
To on January 26th, 2014, parent population remained 106 tails, and every tail parent population average weight reaches 1.6kg, and male and female are than 1 to 1, total survival rate 81%.
From parent population storage pond, holding pond, choose the better parent population of developmental condition by observation, use immersion sponge to make place mat, wet towel covers parent population head gently; Flicking parent population belly finds that there is seminal fluid and ovum grain flows out, and parent population gonadal maturation is described; By artificial ovum and semen collection, acquisition ovum and the sperm of squeezing.Adopt artificial dry method insemination, obtain fertilized egg and amount to 1000g, after the seawater flushing fertilized egg after use sterilization, put into respectively the self-control incubation net cage of 10 60 × 40 × 20cm and the hatching of the large cage of 2.4 × 1 × 0.8m.Water temperature rises to 8 DEG C gradually by 6 DEG C, and salinity is 28～33 ‰, and pH is 7.8～8.2, and dissolved oxygen is 5.2～7.6mg/L.
To night March 20, large quantities of prelarva incubation of membrane, fixed point sampling estimation quantity approximately 250,000 tails, incubation rate approximately 41.2%.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment and embodiment 1 carry out simultaneously, and parent's quantity of cultivating is also identical, during parent culture, except not having temperature fluctuation to stimulate, all the other cultivation operating conditions are completely identical with embodiment 1, cultivate water temperature and maintain 3-4 DEG C always, until parent's gonadal maturation.To on January 26th, 2014, parent population remained 105 tails, and every tail parent population average weight reaches 1.56kg, and male and female are than 1 to 1, total survival rate 81%.Adopt the identical method of embodiment 1 to adopt ovum, artificial insemination and hatching, gather altogether fertilized egg 600g, hatch prelarva 50,000 tails, incubation rate 13.73%, embodiment 2 is compared with embodiment 1 result, known parent stimulates and can improve sexual maturity degree and sperm, ovum quality through temperature fluctuation, thereby improves the incubation rate of fertilized egg.
Embodiment 3
The experiment of incubation temperature gradient
6 DEG C, 8 DEG C, 10 DEG C, 12 DEG C, 14 DEG C five water temperature gradients are set, and each gradient arranges 2 parallel group.All the other environmental conditions are identical with embodiment 1, get 100 multicellular stage fertilized eggs, are put in 1000mL beaker micro-inflation.Beaker is placed in hatching pail, adopts automatic temperature control instrument to carry out temperature control.Recorded for 50% incubation of membrane time, statistics incubation rate.Result shows, except 14 DEG C without incubating oosperm, all the other at each temperature fertilized egg all can normal development to hatching, and normal development is the highest to the ratio of incubation of membrane when 6 DEG C of temperature and 8 DEG C.Incubating oosperm time and incubation temperature are exponential function relation, and temperature is higher, grow faster, but incubation rate with temperature raise reduce.Illustrate that 6-8 DEG C is optimum incubation temp.
Claims (2)
1. Huanghai Sea lodwife parent culture and a method for incubating oosperm thereof, comprising: parent culture and adopt ovum, artificial insemination and hatching; It is characterized in that described parent culture temperature is within the scope of 2～8 DEG C, during parent culture, experiencing a temperature fluctuation stimulates, to be water temperature be evenly progressively warming up to 6～8 DEG C from 2～3 DEG C to described thermal stimulus method, intensification duration 7-9 days, and 6～8 DEG C maintained about 4～5 days; Then water temperature experience is progressively evenly down to 3～4 DEG C from 6～8 DEG C, cooling duration 6-8 days, and after this water temperature maintains 3～4 DEG C; Capable of regulating illumination intensity 1000lx～1500lx, salinity 28～33 ‰, pH value 7.0～8.5, perennial draingage is cultivated.
2. a kind of Huanghai Sea lodwife parent culture according to claim 1 and method for incubating oosperm, it is characterized in that described adopt ovum, artificial insemination and hatching: the method by manual compression after Huanghai Sea lodwife parent population gonadal maturation obtains high-quality sperm and ovum, then carries out artificial dry method insemination; Wash after ovum fertilized egg is put under 6～8 DEG C of water temperature conditions of water temperature, the incubation net cage of hydrostatic and micro-inflation hatches, salinity is 28～33 ‰; PH is 7.8～8.2, and dissolved oxygen is 5.2～7.6mg/L, experiences and within 15-18 days, completes hatching.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104885979A (en) * | 2015-06-02 | 2015-09-09 | 大连海洋大学 | Artificial fry rearing method for gadus macrocephalus |
| CN108967280A (en) * | 2018-08-24 | 2018-12-11 | 四川律贝生物科技有限公司 | Lateral sulcus climbs the artificial fecundation method of rock loach |
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| SU1395243A1 (en) * | 1986-06-20 | 1988-05-15 | Сибирский научно-исследовательский и проектно-конструкторский институт рыбного хозяйства | System for keeping and catching fish in lakes with still water |
| CN101305695A (en) * | 2007-05-17 | 2008-11-19 | 中国科学院海洋研究所 | Method for inducing the buffer flouder to naturally spawn |
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2014
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| SU1395243A1 (en) * | 1986-06-20 | 1988-05-15 | Сибирский научно-исследовательский и проектно-конструкторский институт рыбного хозяйства | System for keeping and catching fish in lakes with still water |
| CN101305695A (en) * | 2007-05-17 | 2008-11-19 | 中国科学院海洋研究所 | Method for inducing the buffer flouder to naturally spawn |
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| 于道德 等: ""黄海大头鳕胚胎发育过程"", 《海洋科学》 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104885979A (en) * | 2015-06-02 | 2015-09-09 | 大连海洋大学 | Artificial fry rearing method for gadus macrocephalus |
| CN108967280A (en) * | 2018-08-24 | 2018-12-11 | 四川律贝生物科技有限公司 | Lateral sulcus climbs the artificial fecundation method of rock loach |
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| CN104067972B (en) | 2016-08-17 |
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Address after: Laoshan District 266104 of Shandong province Qingdao city tour Yun Road No. 7 Applicant after: Shandong Marine Biology Institute Address before: Shandong city of Qingdao province Guizhou city 266002 No. 47 Applicant before: Shandong Marine Biology Institute |
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