CN104041261A

CN104041261A - Method for realizing safe and efficient planting and fruit scab control on Shatian pomelo

Info

Publication number: CN104041261A
Application number: CN201310081702.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李鼎伟; 廖远汉; 陈国平; 梁侠; 杨昌鹏; 杨杰; 赖碧丹; 高克义
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2013-03-15
Filing date: 2013-03-15
Publication date: 2014-09-17

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for realizing safe and efficient planting and fruit scab control on Shatian pomelo and belongs to the forestry disease control technology. The damage of pomelo scab becomes the first killer of the poor appearance quality of Shatian pomelo fruits; the fruits suffer from the problems of pollution and residues of toxic substances by pesticide abuse to seriously influence food safety, and therefore, the quality and the competitiveness of the fruits are seriously influenced. The method disclosed by the invention comprises the following steps: (1) clearing an orchard; (2) performing medical treatment; (3) bagging the fruits; (4) performing plastic film mulching. The method disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the disease rate of the fruits is reduced to 2.5-3 percent; a control effect is obvious; germ sources are reduced; the food safety is improved; ecological safety, high quality, high yield and high efficiency are achieved.

Description

A kind of method that realizes the safe and efficient plantation prevention and control of shatian pomelo fruit scab

Technical field

The invention belongs to forestry disease control technical field, relate to more specifically a kind of method that realizes the safe and efficient plantation prevention and control of shatian pomelo fruit scab.

Background technology

In recent years, Tropical fruits---shatian pomelo fruit is because presentation quality is poor, the market competitiveness declines.In producing cultivation, the damage by disease and insect of fruit is day by day serious, and especially the harm of shaddock class scab has become the ropy No.1 killer of shatian pomelo fruit appearance.It is day by day serious to there is harm in shaddock class scab (having another name called black spot) in shatian pomelo producing region, become and affect the topmost disease of shatian pomelo fruit appearance quality.According to investigations, Rong County, the Guangxi injured area of 2009 just reaches 10.3 ten thousand mu, and some orchard is 100% morbidity almost.Pesticide abuse makes fruit be subject to polluting and the residue problem of noxious material has a strong impact on food security, and these problems have a strong impact on quality and the competitiveness of fruit.

Summary of the invention

The shatian pomelo of realizing that the object of this invention is to provide a kind of environmentally safe, raising tree body resistance against diseases, reduce pesticide pollution, control efficiency is good is efficiently planted prevention and control fruit scab method, has very remarkable Social benefit and economic benefit.

The present invention realizes by following steps:

(1) clear garden: carry out clear garden in winter the 12-1 month, wipe out sick branch, deadwood, airtight branch, intersection branch and excessively weak branch; Remove orchard weed and fallen leaves, root out pathogeny and concentrate and burn.With 45% crystal lime polysulfies, be made into 150 times of liquids simultaneously, full tree, branch, blade face, blade back are evenly squirted, spray altogether 2 times.

(2) medical treatment: thank and spend a thiophanate methyl of 80% (early and middle ten days in April) spray, the double fungal diseases such as shot hole of controlling.Play (young fruit period～fruit bagging) mid-April every one time 80% large raw M_45 of spray in 15 days, convert into 600 times of liquid, use continuously 5 times.

(3) fruit bagging: early July fruit bagging.Before fruit bagging, with 400 times of large raw 2000 times of raw mixed liquors of letter (molten ware splendid attire) that add, soak fruit once, bagging at once after liquid is dry.

(4) plastic mulching: executed winter top dressing He Qing garden liquid dry after, use the light reflecting membrane of 6mm to cover whole orchard.

Owing to taking clear garden in winter, pruning, improving orchard ventilation and penetrating light condition; light reflecting membrane covers whole orchard and has reduced germ source; according to the pests occurrence rule of shatian pomelo scab, use higher effective and lower toxic pesticide control and a series of method for integrated control such as protection of paper bag cover fruit to shaddock fruit in good time; improve edible safety, reach ecological safety, high-quality, highly efficient and productive.

Embodiment

Below a kind of specific embodiment of the present invention:

(1) clear garden: carry out clear garden in winter every year the 12-1 month, wipe out sick branch, deadwood, airtight branch, intersection branch and excessively weak branch, remove too much upright bough, especially will dredge saw (cutting) and go tree crown top shield (light) bough, make bough angle for being greater than 65 degree; Reduce the height of tree, make the height of tree be less than or equal to 0.6 of line-spacing, improve tree body ventilation and penetrating light condition.Remove orchard weed and fallen leaves, root out pathogeny and concentrate and burn.With 45% crystal lime polysulfies, be made into 150 times of liquids simultaneously, full tree, branch, blade face, blade back are evenly squirted, spray altogether 2 times.On cultivation management, Rational Application phosphorus, potash fertilizer, improve tree body resistance against diseases.

1) shatian pomelo bagging, cultivates dwarfing shape tree crown and operates in order to bagging.Every year by shortly cutting, pinching, cutting back, pruning and bear down on one out " skylight ", make shatian pomelo tree crown be controlled at 2.5 meters.

2) fruit thinning is carried out in bagging Qian Quan garden, and shatian pomelo carries out during fruit diameter 8-10cm during steady fruit; Carry out fruit thinning, remove malformed fruit, sick wormed fruit; Same bearing basal shoot has 2 more than really only to stay the good fruit of 1-2.

3) clear garden, before bagging, 2-3 days comprehensively clear gardens, weed a garden, fallen fruits, damage by disease and insect branches and leaves.

4) spray medicine before bagging, sprays Insecticiding-miticiding sterilization medicament one time at bagging after fruit thinning the previous day, and after spray medicine, 2-3 days inner sleeves are complete.

5) carry out full garden bagging, full garden bagging is very important to effective control scab, particularly in the serious epidemic-stricken area of scab, the unfavorable extermination of disease and insect pest.

6) strengthen rich water quality management, need nutrition more, should respectively execute fertilizer annual 2,4,6,8, December one time, as chicken manure, bran water, liquid dung, methane liquid etc.Anti-arid should be noted in mountain region, hillside fields, as continuous 20 days without rainfall, should implement to irrigate, guarantee moisture supply.

7) strengthen the extermination of disease and insect pest, citrus scab has become shatian pomelo Major Diseases, before bagging, spray medicine, before generally spending, spend after and all should spray Insecticiding-miticiding disease-prevention medicament one time.

8) gathering of fruit bagging, the 7-10 days favourable fruit colors of de-bag before shatian pomelo fruit picking.

Claims

1. a method that realizes the safe and efficient plantation prevention and control of shatian pomelo fruit scab, step is as follows:

(1) clear garden: be made into 150 times of liquids with 45% crystal lime polysulfies, full tree, branch, blade face, blade back are evenly squirted, spray altogether 2 times.

(2) medical treatment: thank and spend a thiophanate methyl of 80% (early and middle ten days in April) spray, the double fungal diseases such as shot hole of controlling.

(3) fruit bagging: early July fruit bagging.

2. a kind of method that realizes the safe and efficient plantation prevention and control of shatian pomelo fruit scab according to claim 1, it is characterized in that step (2) medical treatment requires to be: play (young fruit period～fruit bagging) mid-April every one time 80% large raw M45 of spray in 15 days, convert into 600 times of liquid, use continuously 5 times.

3. a kind of method that realizes the safe and efficient plantation prevention and control of shatian pomelo fruit scab according to claim 1, it is characterized in that step (3) fruit bagging requires to be: before fruit bagging, with 400 times of large raw 2000 times of raw mixed liquors of letter (molten ware splendid attire) that add, soak fruit once, bagging at once after liquid is done.