CN104040085A - 对混凝土地板材料的改进或与混凝土地板材料相关的改进 - Google Patents

对混凝土地板材料的改进或与混凝土地板材料相关的改进 Download PDF

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CN104040085A
CN104040085A CN201380004842.8A CN201380004842A CN104040085A CN 104040085 A CN104040085 A CN 104040085A CN 201380004842 A CN201380004842 A CN 201380004842A CN 104040085 A CN104040085 A CN 104040085A
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space
concrete
floor
plated construction
concrete ground
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F·R·米勒
斯蒂芬·热拉尔·彼得·布伦德尔
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Decorative Engineering Co Ltd
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Decorative Engineering Co Ltd
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/16Load-carrying floor structures wholly or partly cast or similarly formed in situ
    • E04B5/17Floor structures partly formed in situ
    • E04B5/23Floor structures partly formed in situ with stiffening ribs or other beam-like formations wholly or partly prefabricated
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28BSHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B23/00Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects
    • B28B23/0025Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects with installation or service material, e.g. tubes for electricity or water
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28BSHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B7/00Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
    • B28B7/16Moulds for making shaped articles with cavities or holes open to the surface, e.g. with blind holes
    • B28B7/18Moulds for making shaped articles with cavities or holes open to the surface, e.g. with blind holes the holes passing completely through the article
    • B28B7/186Moulds for making shaped articles with cavities or holes open to the surface, e.g. with blind holes the holes passing completely through the article for plates, panels or similar sheet- or disc-shaped objects, also flat oblong moulded articles with lateral openings, e.g. panels with openings for doors or windows, grated girders
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28BSHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B7/00Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
    • B28B7/28Cores; Mandrels
    • B28B7/30Cores; Mandrels adjustable, collapsible, or expanding
    • B28B7/32Cores; Mandrels adjustable, collapsible, or expanding inflatable
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/02Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units
    • E04B5/04Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units with beams or slabs of concrete or other stone-like material, e.g. asbestos cement
    • E04B5/043Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units with beams or slabs of concrete or other stone-like material, e.g. asbestos cement having elongated hollow cores
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/16Load-carrying floor structures wholly or partly cast or similarly formed in situ
    • E04B5/32Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements
    • E04B5/326Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements with hollow filling elements
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/48Special adaptations of floors for incorporating ducts, e.g. for heating or ventilating
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04CSTRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C5/00Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
    • E04C5/01Reinforcing elements of metal, e.g. with non-structural coatings
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28BSHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B21/00Methods or machines specially adapted for the production of tubular articles
    • B28B21/86Cores
    • B28B21/88Cores adjustable, collapsible or expansible
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28BSHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B23/00Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects
    • B28B23/0006Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects the reinforcement consisting of aligned, non-metal reinforcing elements
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/16Structures made from masses, e.g. of concrete, cast or similarly formed in situ with or without making use of additional elements, such as permanent forms, substructures to be coated with load-bearing material
    • E04B1/167Structures made from masses, e.g. of concrete, cast or similarly formed in situ with or without making use of additional elements, such as permanent forms, substructures to be coated with load-bearing material with permanent forms made of particular materials, e.g. layered products
    • E04B1/168Structures made from masses, e.g. of concrete, cast or similarly formed in situ with or without making use of additional elements, such as permanent forms, substructures to be coated with load-bearing material with permanent forms made of particular materials, e.g. layered products flexible
    • E04B1/169Structures made from masses, e.g. of concrete, cast or similarly formed in situ with or without making use of additional elements, such as permanent forms, substructures to be coated with load-bearing material with permanent forms made of particular materials, e.g. layered products flexible inflatable
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04HBUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H15/00Tents or canopies, in general
    • E04H15/20Tents or canopies, in general inflatable, e.g. shaped, strengthened or supported by fluid pressure
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04HBUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H15/00Tents or canopies, in general
    • E04H15/20Tents or canopies, in general inflatable, e.g. shaped, strengthened or supported by fluid pressure
    • E04H2015/202Tents or canopies, in general inflatable, e.g. shaped, strengthened or supported by fluid pressure with inflatable panels, without inflatable tubular framework
    • E04H2015/204Tents or canopies, in general inflatable, e.g. shaped, strengthened or supported by fluid pressure with inflatable panels, without inflatable tubular framework made from contiguous inflatable tubes

Abstract

一种改进的混凝土地板设置,由单个的浇筑块形成,或者替代地由连接到一起以形成地板表面的多个较小的浇筑块形成。所述地板被布置为网格的形式。

Description

对混凝土地板材料的改进或与混凝土地板材料相关的改进
技术领域
本发明涉及对混凝土地板的改进或与混凝土地板相关的改进,具体地,涉及所述地板结构内的可进入的空隙空间的产生,由此制成显著地包含渣滓材料的结构有效的地板。
背景技术
在当前的混凝土地板结构中的空隙空间的形成被认为产生了益处,这是因为这种空隙可以被布置为以若干种不同的有利方式具有功能性。为了解决与所考虑的类型的现有技术有关的问题,系统的限制需要被克服或至少最小化。
先前使用的限制尚未对解决任何仍然保持未被处理的剩余问题具有任何显著的效果。
发明内容
因此,本发明的一个目的是提供一种混凝土地板结构,该混凝土地板结构克服了或至少最小化了与现有的混凝土地板方案的使用相关联的问题。
因此,根据本发明,提供了一种混凝土地板结构,其包括并排地围住可膨胀管状构件的框架,所述可膨胀管状构件能膨胀至被所述框架限制的程度,并且其中,所述地板结构被所述框架的刚性约束住其移动,并迫使所述构件占据一位置,在该位置处,所述构件具有平坦的顶部和/或底部。
利用这种布置能够提供一种混凝土地板结构,其使得在地板材料(flooring)内产生空隙,通过孔可进入该空隙,当需要时,所述孔能够通过插入呈塞子形式的封闭件容易地封闭。
优选地,所述地板结构形成为多个预组装块,所述多个预组装块在邻近彼此放置时可用于形成地板结构。
所述地板结构可形成为单个的浇筑块,或者可形成为能够以任意恰当方式连接到一起以形成单个的地板结构的若干个较小的浇筑块。
附图说明
下面将仅经由实例参照附图对本发明进行进一步的描述。
图1示出本发明的类型的地板材料的一个实施例;
图2示出图1的地板,其中的塞子和顶帽装置如下文中所述;
图3示出根据本发明的侧视图的概略视图。
具体实施方式
考虑开发本发明时的本领域状态是有益的,在那时,即能够通过浇筑产生所使用的混凝土地板。
现在参照附图,图1示出经由将混凝土单次浇筑成单个块来构造恰当的地板的方法的第一实例,所述地板具有提供进入空隙内部的入口(access)的单个开口。这种类型的混凝土地板被称为“平板(flat slab)”。
本发明类型的地板材料的第二现有技术形式具有为了在该“混合混凝土地板”中使用的目的而浇筑的混凝土,在该“混合混凝土地板”中,组成部件首先被浇筑,然后被安装到框架中,以形成建筑物的混凝土墙和地板。
这两种类型的混凝土可容纳和/或包括一种系统,在这种系统中能够形成空隙。
然而,使用上述现有技术系统形成的混凝土框架不能被安装为提供期望的地板材料形状,从地板的外面可以进入所述地板材料。这通过提供进入在地板材料中形成的空隙的入口的外部塞子而实现,并且这可通过移除所述塞子而实现。一旦完成,则可从外部世界重新插入塞子以封闭空隙。
现在参照附图,图1中示出根据本发明形成的混凝土地板结构的一个实施例的立体视图。
附图中示出的混凝土地板结构10包括并排的管状构件11,所述管状构件11被保持在网状物形式的上框架元件和下框架元件之间。管状构件11被约束构件12约束在适当位置,约束构件12使管状构件11在完全膨胀之前和完全膨胀时固定在适当位置。约束带12包括在其顶部和底部处的端部,该端部与顶部网状物和底部网状物接合并且在通过管状构件11的充气而膨胀期间维持该接合。更具体而言,约束带12大体上形成为弯曲构造,并且在向所述结构供应混凝土之前,在管状构件11通过充气而膨胀时;约束带12维持管状构件11在地板结构中的空间定位。为了清楚起见,应当意识到,如从图1至图3的结合可见,管状构件11形成空隙。可见,所述空隙延伸穿过地板结构并最终形成一阵列,在该阵列中能够获得进入所述结构的地板的至少一部分的入口。
另外,当管状构件11膨胀时,它们抵靠网状物加强框架的表面膨胀,直到它们获得截平的(truncated)圆形构造。管状构件11被约束在能够实现的膨胀度内,这一事实将必然意味着,通过膨胀超出空隙构件的正常尺寸,顶部和底部表面将为截平的。
本文中描述的框架优选由轻质的焊接钢制加强网状物构成,尺寸和适当的间距由所利用的具体的混凝土结构来确定。网状物加强件可由任何恰当的材料形成,所述恰当的材料具有所要求的强度和轻质性以实现其要求的功能。
在使用前,管状构件11包含在框架内,即在各个网状物层之间。空隙构件由具有适当特性以使其能执行其功能的任何不可渗透的材料制成。因此,根据所使用的材料,膨胀程度可以不同。由于空隙材料的粘结强度或替代地通过将这种材料或涂层施加到空隙材料的外部表面。空隙构件可用于运送任何适当的且非腐蚀性的材料,例如液体、气体、管道或线缆。空隙构件可相应地具有连接部,以使这些表面能够与地板的特定区域连通,并且在混凝土地板的建造期间能够进入所述空隙。
如图1和图2中所示,混凝土地板示出了互连的中空构件形式的内部空隙的布置和形式,所述中空构件延伸穿过地板的主体。空隙11延伸穿过地板并且基本上形成一阵列,在该阵列中,由于与空隙空间内部的连通而能够进入地板的至少一部分。然后,允许公共设施(services)插入到该装置中的开口通过使用将空隙内部与外部密封隔开的塞子而被封闭。
同时,在所示附图中,利用大体上圆形的空隙空间的横截面,应当意识到,空隙可为任何具体的形状,例如,矩形、不规则四边形(trapezium)或圆柱形。期望的空隙形状的选择通常通过将被运送穿过管道的材料的尺寸来慢慢地确定。例如,空隙空间可允许空气、水、电和照明系统的输送,且所述设置必须为解决这些问题的形式。
现有的设置也包括一些空隙空间,并且可以或不可以预组装和/或堆叠成紧密的设置。
可以设想,一个或多个公共设施可插入其中的空隙11的存在对于操作者来说是极大的优点,特别是对于与空气处理、电力供应器、连同水供应器和IT供应器相关联的操作者来说是极大的优点,其中需要更换的天花板公共设施可以在需要的地方添加新的更换组件。其他较不重要的公共设施例如为照明和喷洒器系统;还存在用它包含烟雾探测器的可能性。
现在参照图2,示出了根据本发明的类型的并排的空隙空间。图2中示出的构造提供了通过使用手动塞子16提供进入地板材料内部的进口的简单且有效的方式,所述塞子16可被移除以向空隙中插入物品,然后被更换以充分地密封。已经发现这种设置与现有技术已知的设置相比更加有效且简单地起作用。
图3示出了根据本发明形成的空隙的一个实施例。所述空隙由开口构成以允许进入混凝土地板结构内的空隙空间。使用中,已经发现本发明的系统在额外的柔性尼龙或钢制线扎带(wire ties)的范围内具有显著的灵活性,所述额外的柔性尼龙或钢制线扎带可用于将空隙锚定在适当位置,以防止因为尼龙和钢由于其柔性性质而导致发生漂浮。
在一些位置的一侧或两侧,各个支撑构件确保了空隙结构的整体性,并且这些支撑构件被成形到从结构的顶部到底部的范围。空隙(中空构件11)可由不可渗透的材料形成,这可以实现该装置的必要的特征。空隙可用于形成若干个不同的类型,例如运送液体、气体、管道或线缆,或者可插入空隙空间的实际上的任何其他物品。
本发明给出的主要改进在于更容易地进入空隙的内部的能力,和允许公共设施遍及整个空隙分布的能力,这允许容易的进入和广泛种类的不同入口。
当然,应该理解的是,本发明不限于仅经由实例进行描述的上述实施例的细节。
因此,例如在图3中,可以看到空隙的排列的横截面图。同样,所谓的“顶帽”特征对于锚定浮动性、支柱管线之间的临时跨度、拱腹板支撑以及可用于进入上述空隙的永久性固定通道和管道来说可以是重要的。
再进一步地,上述组件可以以自组装或平板形式被提供。这种组件的一个实例如图4中所示。
所述空隙,无论是充气型或预制混凝土形式,都涉及空隙的使用,所述空隙通常将通过使用现场混凝土供应而被浇筑在混凝土中。
在现场网格连接已经完成之后,进行混凝土的灌浇。这是可在具有非内衬空隙且非现场预制的现有技术产品之间获得的重要区别,这种空隙可包括混凝土中空核心单元。
通过本发明的使用带来的其他益处例如为:
1、可以具有平坦拱腹。
2、减少形成地板所需要的材料的量。
3、减小地板的框架和子结构上的重力负荷。
4、加强地板的抗震性能。
5、允许具有较少浪费和改进的精确性的非现场构造,以允许更快的安装速度。
6、减少所需的人力、总体现场程序和成本。
7、允许多项机电公共设施选项,包括主动热质量集成。
8、显著改进输送性能,通过单个卡车输送超过1000m2的地板材料。

Claims (4)

1.一种混凝土地板结构,其包括围住一系列可膨胀管状构件的框架,所述可膨胀管状构件能膨胀至被所述框架限制的程度,并且其中,所述地板结构被所述框架的刚性约束住其移动,并使所述构件形成为占据使所述构件具有平坦的顶部和/或底部的位置。
2.根据权利要求1所述的改进的混凝土地板结构,其中,所述地板结构被形成为多个预浇筑地板块,所述多个预浇筑地板块在被放置到一起时形成地板结构。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的改进的混凝土地板结构,其中,所述地板可由单个的浇筑块形成,或者由以任意恰当方式连接到一起以形成单个的地板结构的若干个较小的浇筑块形成。
4.一种基本上如上文所述且如附图的图1至4所示的改进的混凝土地板结构。
CN201380004842.8A 2012-01-04 2013-01-04 对混凝土地板材料的改进或与混凝土地板材料相关的改进 Pending CN104040085A (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GBGB1200033.7A GB201200033D0 (en) 2012-01-04 2012-01-04 Improvements in or relating to concrete flooring
GB1200033.7 2012-01-04
PCT/EP2013/050124 WO2013102672A1 (en) 2012-01-04 2013-01-04 Improvements in or relating to concrete flooring

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GB201200033D0 (en) 2012-02-15
GB201300139D0 (en) 2013-02-20
WO2013102672A1 (en) 2013-07-11
US9359760B2 (en) 2016-06-07
US20140360116A1 (en) 2014-12-11
EP2800844A1 (en) 2014-11-12
GB2500083A (en) 2013-09-11

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