CN104026082B - A kind of sexual artificial fecundation method of project cost consulting item - Google Patents
A kind of sexual artificial fecundation method of project cost consulting item Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of sexual artificial fecundation method of project cost consulting item.The inventive method is the natural marine site distributed at project cost consulting item the last ten-days period in March, gather qualified coral healthy project cost consulting item live body parent, project cost consulting item parent culture is carried out under manual control condition, treat that coral parent gonad development is to fourth stage, the coral Metamorphore attaching device made is placed in parent culture aquarium, observe discharge and the attaching process of coral gamete, gamete discharge terminates, coral parent is moved on in other aquarium and supports temporarily, under manual control condition, carry out project cost consulting item larval culture.The inventive method coral larva survival rate is high; Metamorphore attaching device is stablized, the natural adhesive rate of larva is high; Cultivating techniques condition is easy to control and realize; avoid the project cost consulting item when solving coral reef degeneration and coral reef repairs and transplant produced problem, the protection of the reparation and marine ecosystems that can be coral reef ecologic system provides effective resolving ideas.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of artificial fecundation method of coral, be specifically related to a kind ofly under manual control condition, carry out the sexual propagation of project cost consulting item and the method for larval culture and relevant auxiliary facility thereof.
Background technology
Coral reef is the important component part of marine ecosystems, in living marine resources propagation, marine environmental protection, ocean mitigation and reduction atmospheric warming effect etc., all plays an important role.But for a long time because people are to the biological nature of coral and ecological value understanding deficiency, public's protective awareness is thin, and coral reef is faced with serious ecological crisis.Therefore, the artificial fecundation method of research coral, has important realistic meaning to degeneration coral reef ecologic system restoration and reconstruction.Project cost consulting item is a kind of comparatively ancient species, and natural propagation mode can be divided into vegetative propagation and the large class of sexual propagation two.Coral larva just begins through vegetative manner after just having started attachment and grows gradually and calcification, and grow up to increasing coral strain, coral strain is grown to coral reef gradually by the vegetative propagation in later stage again.Vegetative mode comprises gemmation and fracture reproduction, and coral reef is exactly constantly expanded by gemmation or fracture reproduction gradually by little individuality one by one, forms the block large-scale polypoary interlinked.Sexual propagation mode mainly refers to that adult coral discharges the mode of smart gamete egg cell or release larva.
Vegetative manner about coral is mainly used in the transplanting of coral, and Chinese scholars research is more, and the sexual artificial propagation mode of coral is studied less.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of sexual artificial fecundation method of project cost consulting item, provide a kind of auxiliary facility being applicable to above-mentioned artificial fecundation method simultaneously.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows: a kind of sexual artificial fecundation method of project cost consulting item, carry out according to the following steps: in the natural marine site that the last ten-days period in March distribute at project cost consulting item, gather the healthy project cost consulting item live body parent that diameter is greater than 30cm, project cost consulting item parent culture is carried out under manual control condition, when coral parent gonad development is to fourth stage, the coral Metamorphore attaching device made is placed in parent culture aquarium, observe discharge and the attaching process of coral gamete, after gamete discharge terminates, coral parent is moved on in other aquarium and supports temporarily, project cost consulting item larval culture is carried out under manual control condition, described coral Metamorphore attaching device is made up of cuboid fixed support and the adherance being fixed on cuboid fixed support inside, described adherance is through pretreated white plaque, first piece of white plaque pitted skin is upwards that 45 degree of angles are fixed on a wherein limit of support with cuboid fixed support bottom water plane, the base of second piece of white plaque is oppositely fixed horizontal by miter angle along the upper limb of first piece of white plaque, analogizes fixing for the 3rd piece, the 4th piece to N block white plaque Using such method.
The breeding condition of described project cost consulting item parent culture is: natural lighting, water temperature 25 ± 1.0 DEG C, salinity 31 ± 2.0, more than dissolved oxygen 8mg/L, circulating water flow 1500 ~ 2000L/h, a fairy shrimp young of throwing something and feeding for every 2 days, feeding volume is 10 ~ 30/L, within every 2 days, change seawater once, quantity of exchanged water is 20 ~ 40%, adds CaCl simultaneously
2solution reaches 0.15 ~ 0.25g/L.
Preferably, described cuboid fixed support makes with the high-density polyethylene material of diameter 40mm, and its specification is 25.5cm × 18cm × 100cm; Described white plaque is through the white plaque that pretreated specification is 25cm × 25cm × 0.5cm.
The preferred pretreatment mode of described white plaque is: the hole making a call to 1 diameter 5mm at white plaque corner location is respectively fixed for tether, then be placed in seawater to soak one month, change weekly water once, white plaque surface is made to have epiphytic algae to adhere to, adherance condition under simulating nature state, so that coral Metamorphore can adhere to naturally.
The breeding condition of described project cost consulting item larval culture is: in aquarium, inoculate artificial orientation's cultivation zooxanthellae CL08 group system and zooxanthellae CL05 group system, natural lighting, water temperature 27 ± 1.0 DEG C, salinity 30 ± 1.0, more than dissolved oxygen 8mg/L, circulating water flow 1200 ~ 1800L/h, within every 2 days, throw something and feed a fairy shrimp young, feeding volume is 5 ~ 20/L, within every 2 days, changes seawater once, quantity of exchanged water is 20 ~ 40%, adds CaCl simultaneously
2solution once reaches 0.15 ~ 0.25g/L.
Zooxanthellae CL08 group system described in the inventive method and zooxanthellae CL05 group system, be independently be separated cultivation by present inventor and place seminar thereof to obtain, its concentration is 3,000,000 cells/ml, and inoculum concentration is 5 ~ 8L.Described numbering " CL08 " and " CL05 " are molecular biology identification classification number.
The sexual artificial fecundation method of project cost consulting item of the present invention, preferred technical scheme comprises following concrete steps further:
(1) in the natural marine site that the last ten-days period in March distribute at project cost consulting item, gather the healthy project cost consulting item live body parent that diameter is greater than 30cm, be in 180cm × 120cm × 100cm coral parent culture aquarium in specification, project cost consulting item parent culture is carried out: natural lighting by following condition, water temperature 25 ± 1.0 DEG C, salinity 31 ± 2.0, more than dissolved oxygen 8mg/L, circulating water flow 1800L/h, within every 2 days, throw something and feed a fairy shrimp young, feeding volume is 20/L, within every 2 days, changes seawater once, quantity of exchanged water is 30%, adds CaCl simultaneously
2solution reaches 0.21g/L;
(2) make coral Metamorphore attaching device according to the following steps: make with the high-density polyethylene material of diameter 40mm the cuboid fixed support that specification is 25.5cm × 18cm × 100cm, to be soaked in seawater one week, preparation specification is four pieces of white plaques of 25cm × 25cm × 0.5cm, the hole making a call to 1 diameter 5mm at white plaque corner location is respectively fixed for tether, be placed in seawater to soak one month, change weekly water once, white plaque surface is made to have epiphytic algae to adhere to, soak and terminate, be upwards that 45 degree of angles are fixed on the rectangular long limit of frame bottom with cuboid fixed support bottom water plane by one piece of white plaque pitted skin, by the base of second piece of white plaque along first piece of white plaque upper limb oppositely and cuboid fixed support bottom water plane be that miter angle is fixed, 3rd piece, 4th piece of white plaque Using such method is analogized fixing, four pieces of white plaques are finally made all to be fixed on cuboid fixed support inner,
(3) when coral parent gonad development is to fourth stage, the coral Metamorphore attaching device made is placed in parent culture aquarium, observe discharge and the attaching process of coral gamete, after gamete discharge terminates, coral parent is moved on in other aquarium and supports temporarily, carry out project cost consulting item larval culture under the following conditions: in aquarium, inoculate artificial orientation's cultivation zooxanthellae CL08 group system and zooxanthellae CL05 group system, natural lighting, water temperature 27 ± 1.0 DEG C, salinity 30 ± 1.0, more than dissolved oxygen 8mg/L, circulating water flow 1500L/h, within every 2 days, to throw something and feed a fairy shrimp young, feeding volume is 10/L, after inoculating one week, Metamorphore is all attached to after on adherance and starts to change water, within every 2 days, change seawater once, quantity of exchanged water is 30%, add CaCl simultaneously
2solution once reaches 0.21g/L.
Further in preferred technical scheme, described zooxanthellae CL08 group system and zooxanthellae CL05 group system, concentration is 3,000,000 cells/ml, and inoculum concentration is 6L.
The present invention is by first gathering healthy project cost consulting item live body parent, project cost consulting item parent culture is carried out under manual control condition, when coral parent gonad development is to fourth stage, again the coral Metamorphore attaching device made is placed in parent culture aquarium, observe discharge and the attaching process of coral gamete, after gamete discharge terminates, coral parent is moved on in other aquarium and supports temporarily, project cost consulting item larval culture is carried out to realize the sexual artificial propagation of project cost consulting item under manual control condition, the inventive method coral larva survival rate is high, Metamorphore attaching device is stablized, the natural adhesive rate of larva is high, Cultivating techniques condition is easy to control and realize, avoid the survival rate adopting the transplanting of traditional project cost consulting item to occur when solving coral reef degeneration and coral reef repairs low, high in cost of production problem, the protection of the reparation and marine ecosystems that can be coral reef ecologic system provides effective resolving ideas.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is project cost consulting item Metamorphore attaching device exemplary plot.
Embodiment
Be described in further details the present invention below by embodiment, these embodiments are only used for the present invention is described, do not limit the scope of the invention.
Embodiment 1 adopts following steps to realize the present invention:
1, coral parent gathers: in the Xuwen Coral Reef nature reserve, in the last ten-days period in March coral gonad development to the III phase, in the natural marine site of project cost consulting item reef distribution, gather diameter and be greater than that the coral health of 30cm is female, staminiferous plant live body parent, support temporarily in aquarium;
2, coral parent artificial culture: coral parent culture aquarium specification 180cm × 120cm × 100cm, culture environment condition: natural lighting, water temperature 25 ± 1.0 DEG C, salinity 31 ± 2.0, more than dissolved oxygen 8mg/L, circulating water flow 1800L/h, within every 2 days, throw something and feed a fairy shrimp young, feeding volume is 20/L, within every 2 days, changes seawater once, quantity of exchanged water is 30%, adds CaCl simultaneously
2solution reaches 0.21g/L, observes growth and the gonad development state of coral;
3, the preparation of coral Metamorphore attaching device:
(1) by specification be four pieces of white plaques of 25cm × 25cm × 0.5cm, make the adherance of coral Metamorphore attachment, the hole making a call to 1 diameter 5mm at white plaque corner location is respectively fixed for tether, then be placed in seawater to soak one month, change weekly water once, white plaque surface is made to have epiphytic algae to adhere to, adherance condition under simulating nature state, so that coral Metamorphore can adhere to naturally;
(2) make with diameter 40mm high density polyethylene pipe the cuboid fixed support that specification is 25.5cm × 18cm × 100cm, soak one week in the seawater, then will be upwards that 45 degree of angles are fixed on support with cuboid fixed support bottom water plane through the pretreated white plaque pitted skin of step (1), the upper limb that the base of second piece of white plaque is fixed on first piece of white plaque oppositely and cuboid bottom water plane be that miter angle is fixed, third and fourth block white plaque according to this mode is analogized fixing, be divided into 4 layers to be fixed in cuboid fixed support by white plaque, avoid mutual shading;
4, coral larva is cultivated: coral parent gonad development is to fourth stage, the coral Metamorphore attaching device made is placed in parent culture aquarium, observe discharge and the attaching process of coral gamete, after gamete discharge terminates, coral parent is moved on in other aquarium and supports temporarily; In aquarium, inoculate zooxanthellae CL08 group system and the zooxanthellae CL05 group system of artificial orientation's cultivation, concentration is 3,000,000 cells/ml, and inoculum concentration is 6L, observes Metamorphore attaching process; After one week, Metamorphore is all attached to after on adherance and starts to change water; Continue cultivate and observe coral larvae alive and growing state: culture environment condition: natural lighting, water temperature 27 ± 1.0 DEG C, salinity 30 ± 1.0, more than dissolved oxygen 8mg/L, circulating water flow 1500L/h, a fairy shrimp young of throwing something and feeding for every 2 days, feeding volume is 10/L, within every 2 days, change seawater once, quantity of exchanged water is 30%, adds CaCl simultaneously
2solution once reaches 0.21g/L.
Embodiment 2 adopts following steps to realize the present invention:
1, coral parent gathers: in the Xuwen Coral Reef nature reserve, in the last ten-days period in March coral gonad development to the III phase, in the natural marine site of project cost consulting item reef distribution, gather diameter and be greater than that the coral health of 30cm is female, staminiferous plant live body parent, support temporarily in aquarium;
2, coral parent artificial culture: coral parent culture aquarium specification 180cm × 120cm × 100cm, culture environment condition: natural lighting, water temperature 25 ± 1.0 DEG C, salinity 31 ± 2.0, more than dissolved oxygen 8mg/L, circulating water flow 2000L/h, within every 2 days, throw something and feed a fairy shrimp young, feeding volume is 30/L, within every 2 days, changes seawater once, quantity of exchanged water is 40%, adds CaCl simultaneously
2solution reaches 0.25g/L, observes growth and the gonad development state of coral;
3, the preparation of coral Metamorphore attaching device:
(1) by specification be four pieces of white plaques of 25cm × 25cm × 0.5cm, make the adherance of coral Metamorphore attachment, the hole making a call to 1 diameter 5mm at white plaque corner location is respectively fixed for tether, then be placed in seawater to soak one month, change weekly water once, white plaque surface is made to have epiphytic algae to adhere to, adherance condition under simulating nature state, so that coral Metamorphore can adhere to naturally;
(2) make with diameter 40mm high density polyethylene pipe the cuboid fixed support that specification is 25.5cm × 18cm × 100cm, soak one week in the seawater, then will be upwards that 45 degree of angles are fixed on support with cuboid fixed support bottom water plane through the pretreated white plaque pitted skin of step (1), the upper limb that the base of second piece of white plaque is fixed on first piece of white plaque oppositely and cuboid bottom water plane be that miter angle is fixed, third and fourth block white plaque according to this mode is analogized fixing, be divided into 4 layers to be fixed in cuboid fixed support by white plaque, avoid mutual shading;
4, coral larva is cultivated: coral parent gonad development is to fourth stage, the coral Metamorphore attaching device made is placed in parent culture aquarium, observe discharge and the attaching process of coral gamete, after gamete discharge terminates, coral parent is moved on in other aquarium and supports temporarily; In aquarium, inoculation is autonomous is separated the zooxanthellae CL08 group system and zooxanthellae CL05 group system of cultivating, and concentration is 3,000,000 cells/ml, and inoculum concentration is 5L, observes Metamorphore attaching process; After one week, Metamorphore is all attached to after on adherance and starts to change water; Continue cultivate and observe coral larvae alive and growing state: culture environment condition: natural lighting, water temperature 27 ± 1.0 DEG C, salinity 30 ± 1.0, more than dissolved oxygen 8mg/L, circulating water flow 1800L/h, a fairy shrimp young of throwing something and feeding for every 2 days, feeding volume is 15/L, within every 2 days, change seawater once, quantity of exchanged water is 40%, adds CaCl simultaneously
2solution once reaches 0.25g/L.
Embodiment 3 adopts following steps to realize the present invention:
1, coral parent gathers: in the Xuwen Coral Reef nature reserve, in the last ten-days period in March coral gonad development to the III phase, in the natural marine site of project cost consulting item reef distribution, gather diameter and be greater than that the coral health of 30cm is female, staminiferous plant live body parent, support temporarily in aquarium;
2, coral parent artificial culture: coral parent culture aquarium specification 180cm × 120cm × 100cm, culture environment condition: natural lighting, water temperature 25 ± 1.0 DEG C, salinity 31 ± 2.0, more than dissolved oxygen 8mg/L, circulating water flow 1500L/h, within every 2 days, throw something and feed a fairy shrimp young, feeding volume is 10/L, within every 2 days, changes seawater once, quantity of exchanged water is 20%, adds CaCl simultaneously
2solution reaches 0.15g/L, observes growth and the gonad development state of coral;
3, the preparation of coral Metamorphore attaching device:
(1) by specification be four pieces of white plaques of 25cm × 25cm × 0.5cm, make the adherance of coral Metamorphore attachment, the hole making a call to 1 diameter 5mm at white plaque corner location is respectively fixed for tether, then be placed in seawater to soak one month, change weekly water once, white plaque surface is made to have epiphytic algae to adhere to, adherance condition under simulating nature state, so that coral Metamorphore can adhere to naturally;
(2) make with diameter 40mm high density polyethylene pipe the cuboid fixed support that specification is 25.5cm × 18cm × 100cm, soak one week in the seawater, then will be upwards that 45 degree of angles are fixed on support with cuboid fixed support bottom water plane through the pretreated white plaque pitted skin of step (1), the upper limb that the base of second piece of white plaque is fixed on first piece of white plaque oppositely and cuboid bottom water plane be that miter angle is fixed, third and fourth block white plaque according to this mode is analogized fixing, be divided into 4 layers to be fixed in cuboid fixed support by white plaque, avoid mutual shading;
4, coral larva is cultivated: coral parent gonad development is to fourth stage, the coral Metamorphore attaching device made is placed in parent culture aquarium, observe discharge and the attaching process of coral gamete, after gamete discharge terminates, coral parent is moved on in other aquarium and supports temporarily; In aquarium, inoculate zooxanthellae CL08 group system and the zooxanthellae CL05 group system of artificial orientation's cultivation, concentration is 3,000,000 cells/ml, and inoculum concentration is 8L, observes Metamorphore attaching process; After one week, Metamorphore is all attached to after on adherance and starts to change water; Continue cultivate and observe coral larvae alive and growing state: culture environment condition: natural lighting, water temperature 27 ± 1.0 DEG C, salinity 30 ± 1.0, more than dissolved oxygen 8mg/L, circulating water flow 1200L/h, a fairy shrimp young of throwing something and feeding for every 2 days, feeding volume is 5/L, within every 2 days, change seawater once, quantity of exchanged water is 20%, adds CaCl simultaneously
2solution once reaches 0.15g/L.
Claims (8)
1. the sexual artificial fecundation method of a project cost consulting item, it is characterized in that: carry out according to the following steps: in the natural marine site that the last ten-days period in March distribute at project cost consulting item, gather the healthy project cost consulting item live body parent that diameter is greater than 30cm, project cost consulting item parent culture is carried out under manual control condition, when coral parent gonad development is to fourth stage, the coral Metamorphore attaching device made is placed in parent culture aquarium, observe discharge and the attaching process of coral gamete, after gamete discharge terminates, coral parent is moved on in other aquarium and supports temporarily, project cost consulting item larval culture is carried out under manual control condition, described coral Metamorphore attaching device is made up of cuboid fixed support and the adherance being fixed on cuboid fixed support inside, described adherance is through pretreated white plaque, first piece of white plaque pitted skin is upwards that 45 degree of angles are fixed on a wherein limit of support with cuboid fixed support bottom water plane, the base of second piece of white plaque is oppositely fixed horizontal by miter angle along the upper limb of first piece of white plaque, analogizes fixing for the 3rd piece, the 4th piece to N block white plaque Using such method.
2. the sexual artificial fecundation method of project cost consulting item according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the breeding condition of described project cost consulting item parent culture is: natural lighting, water temperature 25 ± 1.0 DEG C, salinity 31 ± 2.0, more than dissolved oxygen 8mg/L, circulating water flow 1500 ~ 2000L/h, within every 2 days, throw something and feed a fairy shrimp young, feeding volume is 10 ~ 30/L, within every 2 days, changes seawater once, quantity of exchanged water is 20 ~ 40%, adds CaCl simultaneously
2solution reaches 0.15 ~ 0.25g/L.
3. the sexual artificial fecundation method of project cost consulting item according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described cuboid fixed support makes with the high-density polyethylene material of diameter 40mm, and its specification is 25.5cm × 18cm × 100cm; Described white plaque is through the white plaque that pretreated specification is 25cm × 25cm × 0.5cm.
4. the sexual artificial fecundation method of the project cost consulting item according to claim 1 or 3, it is characterized in that: the pretreatment mode of described white plaque is: the hole making a call to 1 diameter 5mm at white plaque corner location is respectively fixed for tether, then be placed in seawater to soak one month, change weekly water once, make white plaque surface have epiphytic algae to adhere to.
5. the sexual artificial fecundation method of project cost consulting item according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the breeding condition of described project cost consulting item larval culture is: in aquarium, inoculate artificial orientation's cultivation zooxanthellae CL08 group system and zooxanthellae CL05 group system, natural lighting, water temperature 27 ± 1.0 DEG C, salinity 30 ± 1.0, more than dissolved oxygen 8mg/L, circulating water flow 1200 ~ 1800L/h, within every 2 days, to throw something and feed a fairy shrimp young, feeding volume is 5 ~ 15/L, within every 2 days, change seawater once, quantity of exchanged water is 20 ~ 40%, adds CaCl simultaneously
2solution once reaches 0.15 ~ 0.25g/L.
6. the sexual artificial fecundation method of project cost consulting item according to claim 5, is characterized in that: described zooxanthellae CL08 group system and zooxanthellae CL05 group system, concentration is 3,000,000 cells/ml, and inoculum concentration is 5 ~ 8L.
7. the sexual artificial fecundation method of project cost consulting item according to claim 1, is characterized in that: comprise following concrete steps:
(1) in the natural marine site that the last ten-days period in March distribute at project cost consulting item, gather female, the male live body parent that diameter is greater than the healthy project cost consulting item of 30cm, be in 180cm × 120cm × 100cm coral parent culture aquarium in specification, project cost consulting item parent culture is carried out: natural lighting by following condition, water temperature 25 ± 1.0 DEG C, salinity 31 ± 2.0, more than dissolved oxygen 8mg/L, circulating water flow 1800L/h, within every 2 days, throw something and feed a fairy shrimp young, feeding volume is 20/L, within every 2 days, changes seawater once, quantity of exchanged water is 30%, adds CaCl simultaneously
2solution reaches 0.21g/L;
(2) make coral Metamorphore attaching device according to the following steps: make with the high-density polyethylene material of diameter 40mm the cuboid fixed support that specification is 25.5cm × 18cm × 100cm, to be soaked in seawater one week; Preparation specification is four pieces of white plaques of 25cm × 25cm × 0.5cm, and the hole making a call to 1 diameter 5mm at white plaque corner location is respectively fixed for tether, is placed in seawater and soaks one month, change weekly water once, make white plaque surface have epiphytic algae to adhere to; Soak and terminate, be upwards that 45 degree of angles are fixed on the rectangular long limit of frame bottom with cuboid fixed support bottom water plane by one piece of white plaque pitted skin, by the base of second piece of white plaque along first piece of white plaque upper limb oppositely and cuboid fixed support bottom water plane be that miter angle is fixed, 3rd piece, the 4th piece white plaque Using such method is analogized fixing, finally makes four pieces of white plaques all be fixed on cuboid fixed support inner;
(3) when coral parent gonad development is to fourth stage, the coral Metamorphore attaching device made is placed in parent culture aquarium, observe discharge and the attaching process of coral gamete, after gamete discharge terminates, coral parent is moved on in other aquarium and supports temporarily, carry out project cost consulting item larval culture under the following conditions: in aquarium, inoculate artificial orientation's cultivation zooxanthellae CL08 group system and zooxanthellae CL05 group system, natural lighting, water temperature 27 ± 1.0 DEG C, salinity 30 ± 1.0, more than dissolved oxygen 8mg/L, circulating water flow 1500L/h, within every 2 days, to throw something and feed a fairy shrimp young, feeding volume is 10/L, after inoculating one week, Metamorphore is all attached to after on adherance and starts to change water, within every 2 days, change seawater once, quantity of exchanged water is 30%, add CaCl simultaneously
2solution once reaches 0.21g/L.
8. the sexual artificial fecundation method of project cost consulting item according to claim 7, is characterized in that: described zooxanthellae CL08 group system and zooxanthellae CL05 group system, concentration is 3,000,000 cells/ml, and inoculum concentration is 6L.
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| CN105961243A (en) * | 2016-05-13 | 2016-09-28 | 广东海洋大学 | Coral larva oriented bottom sowing method |
| CN106069940A (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2016-11-09 | 广东海洋大学 | A kind of cave coral indoor sexual reproduction method |
| CN109618983B (en) * | 2018-12-03 | 2020-08-04 | 中国科学院南海海洋研究所 | Method for improving attachment and metamorphosis of coral larvae |
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