CN103141372B

CN103141372B - Crossbreeding method of novel Aucuba chinensis

Info

Publication number: CN103141372B
Application number: CN201210106023.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘兴剑; 孙起梦
Original assignee: Institute of Botany of CAS
Current assignee: Institute of Botany of CAS
Priority date: 2012-04-12
Filing date: 2012-04-12
Publication date: 2014-05-07
Anticipated expiration: 2032-04-12
Also published as: CN103141372A

Abstract

The invention discloses a crossbreeding method of novel Aucuba chinensis and belongs to the technical field of Aucuba chinensis plant artificial crossbreeding. Aucuba japonica var. variegata (as a female parent) and Himalaya Aucuba chinensis (as a male parent) introduced for many years, having a high ornamental value and growing and developing normally are used as crossbreeding parents and through crossbreeding of the crossbreeding parents, the novel Aucuba chinensis is obtained. The crossbreeding method comprises the following steps of sleeving bags on pistillate and staminate inflorescences of the parents before blossoming, clipping the staminate inflorescences of Himalaya Aucuba chinensis in blossoming in mid-March, drying the staminate inflorescences in shade in a room to obtain pollen, putting the pollen into a refrigerator, carrying out refrigeration, carrying out pollination of the pistillate inflorescences of Aucuba japonica var. variegate before 10 a.m. on March 30, carrying out pollination of the same inflorescence 3-4 times so that a pollination success rate is improved, fast carrying out bag sleeving after the pollination, removing the bags after bag sleeving for two weeks, and after seed maturation in spring next year, immediately carrying out sowing. The novel Aucuba chinensis hybrid obtained by the crossbreeding method has obvious hybrid characteristics.

Description

A kind of new varieties peach jaurel cross breeding method

Technical field

The invention belongs to the artificial crossbreeding technology of plant field, be specifically related to the blue or green wood of floral leaf (Aucuba japonica Thunb.var.variegata, ♀) × Himalaya peach jaurel (Aucub himalaica, ♂) carries out artificial hybridization breeding method.

Background technology

Peach jaurel platymiscium is evergreen shrubs or dungarunga, and to see leaf, see appearance and to see fruit as main, shade tolerance and cold resistance are all stronger, and ornamental value is higher.Especially the blue or green wood of most widely used floral leaf, blade is dark green, and with golden yellow spot, ornamental value is higher, is one of evergreen flowering shrub of the very important resistance to the moon in East China.Peach jaurel platymiscium kind has cherry infructescence in early spring, as scarlet agate is embedded in dark green blade, very attractive in appearance, is one of good ornamental tree species outstanding in garden.

The blue or green wood of floral leaf be evergreen shrubs, originates in Japan, and leaf is to life, keratin, the thin life in edge sawtooth, blade is glossy dark green glossy, and without hair, surface is covered with golden yellow spot, dioecism, petal kermesinus, spend little, Berry-like drupe, cerise, March at florescence, fructescence 2-3 in the next year month.Himalaya peach jaurel is evergreen shrubs or dungarunga, leaf sheepskin papery or thin keratin, and vein is significantly recessed, protuberance below, by coarse wool, it is anastomose that lateral vein does not reach leaf margin; Male inflorescence is total shape panicle, is born in Zhi Ding, March at florescence, the fruit phase 3-4 month, ripe rear peony.The two is through cultivation and cottage propagation for many years, and proterties is stable.

At present, it is a kind of that in gardens, conventional peach jaurel platymiscium kind only has the blue or green wood of floral leaf, do not see the report about this platymiscium crossbreeding aspect.

Interspecific cross in the present invention belongs to by peach jaurel, obtains peach jaurel platymiscium new varieties, can increase in peach jaurel genus, there is the quantity of higher ornamental value kind, meanwhile, also can increase the kind that ornamental plants in garden is new, enrich ornamental plants in garden material.

Summary of the invention

The invention reside in and provide a kind of peach jaurel platymiscium floral leaf blue or green wood (♀) × Himalaya peach jaurel (♂) to carry out artificial hybridization breeding method.And obtain hybrid seed and crossbreed seedling.

Technical scheme

Selection is introduced a fine variety for many years, and fancy points is better, and shade tolerance and cold resistance are all stronger, and the hybrid strain that can normally yield positive results hybridizes.Hybrid combination is floral leaf blue or green wood (♀) × Himalaya peach jaurel (♂).After at 3 o'clock in the afternoon of mid-March, gather bagging, and arrived the Himalaya peach jaurel male inflorescence of full-bloom stage, put to indoor and dry in the shade, obtain pollen, and put into refrigerator cold-storage and preserve; At late March, to morning of early April during 8-10, to bagging in advance, and to the blue or green wooden female inflorescence of floral leaf of full-bloom stage, pollinated, rapid bagging afterwards; In the 1-2d of pollination first, repeat to pollinate 3-4 time, improve pollination success rate; Bagging removed bag after 2 weeks; Next March in spring early and middle ten days, seed maturity, gathers and sows, and obtains crossbreed.

Embodiment

The present invention's blue or green wood of maternal floral leaf used derives from the cuttage plant of Jiangsu Province Plant Inst., seedling age 11 years; Male parent Himalaya peach jaurel was introduced from West of Hubei Province in early days the eighties in last century, and the age of tree is about 15 years; Parent is all grown normal and is yielded positive results.

On March 30th, 2003, carried out the crossbreeding work of floral leaf blue or green wood (♀) × Himalaya peach jaurel (♂).At inflorescence, start obvious elongation, before petal is not open, male and female inflorescence is carried out to bagging, prevent that other pollen from adhering to.When observing most of petal opening of male inflorescence, after at 3 o'clock in afternoon, gather the male inflorescence of male parent, in indoor, dry in the shade, obtain pollen, and put into refrigerator cold-storage and preserve.In the morning during 8-10, get cryopreserved pollen and grant and blooming the Sheng phase, and on the blue or green wooden female inflorescence of floral leaf of protected by bagging, after pollination, bagging immediately, and in 1-2d, repeat to pollinate 3-4 time, to improve pollination success rate.After pollinating 2 weeks, remove bag, carry out normal cultivation management.

March spring in next year, early and middle ten days, when observing the fruit of hybridization on female parent and starting to transfer peony to, started the fruit of gathering on maternal inflorescence, and the inside has a seed.After adopting, do not need to carry out any processing, can sow with the red arillus in outside, adopt common loose rural area soil to sow, earthing 1cm above seed, notes sheltering from heat or light moisturizing.Broadcast after latter 60 days, start to emerge gradually, carry out normal seedling maintenance management.Seedling is launched after true leaf, and significant crossbreed feature has appearred in part individual plant, and vein is recessed, protuberance rearward, and at blade edge anastomose, similar with Himalaya peach jaurel, blade is slightly large compared with Himalaya peach jaurel, and is less than the blue or green wood of floral leaf; Blade surface has sparse golden yellow patch, approximate with the blue or green wood of floral leaf; The nearly keratin of the food value of leaf is strong compared with Parent; Comprehensive above feature, its tentative " green star " by name.The features such as the spot on this crossbreed blade profile, Ye Se and blade face and Parent have remarkable difference, and the morphological feature of Parent is compared as follows table (seeing lower one page):

Parent and the comparison of crossbreed proterties

The Main Morphology feature of " green star " peach jaurel is: blade is dark green, and keratin is slightly glossy, straight and upright, slightly shrinkage of blade surface, and vein is recessed on surface, at blade back protuberance, and at leaf margin anastomose; Blade surface has slightly sparse golden yellow or yellow patch, and blade is greater than male parent and is less than female parent, growing way between Parent, the significant hybrid feature of tool.At present, an existing strain hybrid seedling starts solid, and seed morphology and female parent have marked difference, and crossbreed " green star " fruit (band arillus seed) is subsphaeroidal, and the seed of the blue or green wood of maternal floral leaf is Long Circle.

Crossbreed " green star " seedling is further cultivated, be bred as seedlings, and seedlings are carried out to cottage propagation, expand crossbreed quantity.In cuttage process, crossbreed " green star " mainly view and admire position-blade, do not find significantly variation and atavism, proterties is stable, has higher ornamental value and market popularization value.

Since outdoor cropping in 2004, during through winter-10 ℃ low temperature, be not subject to freeze injury symptom, all there is freeze injury symptom to a certain degree in its Parent, crossbreed shows stronger cold resistance, has significant hybrid vigour.

Claims

1. a new varieties peach jaurel cross breeding method, is characterized in that:

(1) select introduction and acclimatization for many years, fancy points is good, strong adaptability, can grow by normal growth, and the blue or green wooden individual plant of the floral leaf that ability is stronger is as female parent, selection has Himalaya peach jaurel that difference views and admires feature as male parent, carries out artificial hybridization, obtains peach jaurel platymiscium new varieties;

(2) in mid-March, in fine afternoon, will shift to an earlier date bagging, and the male inflorescence collection of the Himalaya peach jaurel in full-bloom stage, in holding chamber, dry in the shade, obtain pollen, put into refrigerator cold-storage and preserve; Before at 10 o'clock on 30 morning March, to bagging in advance, the blue or green wooden female inflorescence of floral leaf that has entered full-bloom stage is pollinated, in the 1-2 day after pollination, to same inflorescence pollination 3-4 time, after pollination, be in time bagging rapidly; Bagging removed bag after 2 weeks, entered normal management;

(3) March in next year early and middle ten days, gather mature hybridization fruit, do not need process, directly band exosper is sowed, and emerge, then it is higher therefrom to select ornamental value after 60 days, the obvious hybrid new breed of varietal characteristic is cultivated, and by cottage propagation, expands crossbreed quantity;

(4) pass through the observation after crossbreed outdoor cropping, during in the winter time-10 ℃ of low temperature, there is not being subject to freeze injury symptom in its blade and plant, and freeze injury symptom to a certain degree has all appearred in its Parent, crossbreed shows stronger cold resistance, has significant hybrid vigour.

2. a kind of new varieties peach jaurel cross breeding method according to claim 1, its new varieties feature blade is dark green, and keratin is slightly glossy, straight and upright, slightly shrinkage of blade surface, vein is recessed on surface, at blade back protuberance, and at leaf margin anastomose; Blade surface has slightly sparse golden yellow or yellow patch, and blade is greater than male parent and is less than female parent, growing way between Parent, the significant hybrid feature of tool.