CN104006731A - Centering sensing device and displacement detection method thereof - Google Patents
Centering sensing device and displacement detection method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104006731A CN104006731A CN201410259529.5A CN201410259529A CN104006731A CN 104006731 A CN104006731 A CN 104006731A CN 201410259529 A CN201410259529 A CN 201410259529A CN 104006731 A CN104006731 A CN 104006731A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a centering sensing device and a displacement detection method of the centering sensing device. The centering sensing device comprises a sensor, a driving unit, a signal processing unit and a processor which are sequentially connected. The sensor comprises three electromagnetic induction probes located on the two sides and in the middle of the sensor respectively. When centering sensing is carried out, the sensor is arranged above a steel rail, coils of the electromagnetic induction probes on the two sides of the sensor are powered on through alternating current, the alternating current generates an alternating magnetic field, eddy current is generated on the surface of the steel rail by the alternating magnetic field, the magnetic field of the eddy current acts on a coil of the electromagnetic induction probe in the middle of the sensor and generates induction signals at the two ends of the coil, and by conditioning the induction signals, mechanical displacement of the sensor is converted into unipolar or ambipolar direct-current voltage signals. Through the centering sensing device and the displacement detection method, mechanical displacement of the sensor can be accurately measured, and the centering sensing device and the displacement detection method are suitable for displacement measurement at high speed. The centering sensing device is simple in structure, convenient to install and easy to use and maintain.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to railway engineering field, especially relate to one and be widely used in railway engineering vehicle, particularly centering sensing device and the displacement detecting method thereof of ultrasound wave rail-defect detector car.
Background technology
In high-speed steel rail UT (Ultrasonic Testing) process, the variation of the road conditions of travelling causes that car body rocks conventionally, hunting and vertical vibration, make to be installed on exploring the way with respect to the rail generation mechanical shift detecting on rail-defect detector car, can not realize good centering, thereby directly have influence on the real-time performance under degree of accuracy and the high-speed condition of rail examination operation process.Therefore, ensure that ultrasound wave spy wheel keeps good centering under complicated road shape condition, eliminate the impact of various car bodies vibrations, ensure that the rail examination operation effectiveness of running at high speed under condition is a technical matters urgently to be resolved hurrily.
And centering sensing device is exactly the core that solves this technical matters, as a set of automatic centering system, centering sensing device is also a set of closed loop feedback system simultaneously.In the prior art, mainly contain laser sensor mode with the akin scheme of the present invention, it utilizes laser distance measuring principle, adopts laser ranging to carry out optics centering.Imageing sensor mode, adopts image processing method formula to carry out centering.Differential generator mode, adopts differential transformer induction magnetic circuit to change and realizes centering.
(1) by utilizing, on car body, certain a bit determines centering position to the fixed range of rail to laser ranging mode, so laser range sensor need be installed at the bottom of the car of rail-defect detector car.Carrying out centering when operation, laser is got to the edge of rail inner side, and the precondition of utilizing laser mode to realize will well be received after Laser emission, so smooth surface or to paste special reflecting paper be best selection.But, the shortcoming of which is, because rail is long-time exposed in there was dampness in the air environment, gets rusty, dust, earth, foreign material all will have a strong impact on sharp reflection of light and reception, thereby directly affect the performance of midline detect, and to paste reflecting paper be infeasible in the railway line of several kilometers long easily.
(2) image sensing mode, by utilizing camera to obtain the optical imagery of Rail Surface, then show that through image processing and analyzing the geometric center of Rail Surface draws the center of rail.But the defect of which is, because centering sensing dress paper hangs on the car body bottom of rail-defect detector car, vibration is a very fatal problem to camera.In addition, ultrasound examination needs water spray, and high-speed motion in addition, makes camera fuzzy thereby can cause camera lens to get wet.Meanwhile, the environment for use of rail-defect detector car is severe, and dust storm, sleet and severe cold all can have a strong impact on performance and the life-span of camera.
(3) differential sensing (LVDT, Linear Variable Differential Transformer, the abbreviation of linear variable difference transformer) mode is by utilizing differential transformer principle to measure alignment deviation.This detection mode is regarded rail as the movable core of differential transformer.In the time passing to AC excitation electric current on the primary coil at differential transformer, two secondary windings will produce induced voltage.If two secondary winding positions of transformer are symmetrical, and the number of turn of two secondary windings is identical, in the time that transformer is aimed at rail, the induced voltage of two secondary windings equates, if coil is partial to rail center line, can obtain the lateral runout degree of differential transformer by detecting the voltage difference of differential transformer side.The defect of this mode is, the linear sensing scope of differential transformer is narrower, must increase the range of linearity of sensor by the lateral length that increases sensor, but therefore the long interference free performance that can reduce again sensor of sensor limits the range of application of differential transformer type sensing.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of centering sensing device and displacement detecting method thereof, the mechanical shift of survey sensor exactly, and be applicable to the displacement measurement under high-speed condition, simultaneously simple in structure, easy for installation, be easy to operation and maintenance.
In order to realize foregoing invention object, the present invention specifically provides a kind of technic relization scheme of centering sensing device, a kind of centering sensing device, comprise: connected sensor, driver element, signal processing unit and processor successively, described sensor comprises the totally three groups of electromagnetic inductive probes that lay respectively at its both sides and middle part.In the time carrying out centering sensing, described sensor setting is in the top of rail, coil to the electromagnetic inductive probe that is positioned at described sensor both sides passes to exchange current, described exchange current produces alternating magnetic field, described alternating magnetic field produces eddy current on the surface of described rail, the magnetic fields of described eddy current is in the coil of the electromagnetic inductive probe at described sensor middle part, and produce induced signal at the coil two ends of the electromagnetic inductive probe at described middle part, by described induced signal is nursed one's health, convert the mechanical shift of described sensor to unipolarity or ambipolar d. c. voltage signal.
Preferably, described driver element comprises the 3rd amplifying element, the 4th amplifying element and the 5th amplifying element, described signal processing unit comprises the first amplifying element and oscillator, the sine wave exciting signal being produced by described oscillator exports described driver element to after described the first amplifying element drives, described sinusoidal signal after described the 3rd amplifying element and described the 5th amplifying element drive, then exports respectively the electromagnetic inductive probe that is positioned at described sensor both sides to respectively.The induced signal that the magnetic fields of described eddy current produces in the electromagnetic inductive probe at described sensor middle part exports described signal processing unit to after described the 4th amplifying element drives.
Preferably, described signal processing unit also comprises the 6th amplifying element, the 7th amplifying element and divider, the signal of described the 4th amplifying element output is after described the 6th amplifying element drives, with come from described the first amplifying element and through described the 7th amplifying element drive after sine wave exciting signal in described divider, carry out division arithmetic, obtain the ratio of described induced signal and described sine wave exciting signal, described processor obtains the mechanical shift of described sensor by calculating described ratio.
Preferably, described centering sensing device also comprises signal condition unit, described signal processing unit also comprises wave filter and the second amplifying element, the rate signal of described divider output is after described wave filter carries out filtering processing, export again described the second amplifying element to and carry out power amplification, and export the signal after power amplification to described signal condition unit.
Preferably, described driver element also comprises phase compensation link, described phase compensation link is connected between described the first amplifying element and described the 7th amplifying element, described phase compensation link is that the sine wave exciting signal that comes from described the first amplifying element increases the leading amount of a phase place or hysteresis, the phase deviation of the induced signal that the sine wave exciting signal that compensates the electromagnetic inductive probe that inputs to described sensor both sides than this is exported the electromagnetic inductive probe at described sensor middle part.
Preferably, described centering sensing device also comprises output interface and communication interface, the rate signal of being exported by the second amplifying element of described signal processing unit carries out after analog signal conditioner through described signal condition unit, through the external outputting analog signal of described output interface.After described processor calculates described rate signal, by described communication interface, through the external output digit signals of described output interface.
Preferably, described centering sensing device also comprises display unit, and described display unit is connected with described processor, and the mechanical displacement signal of the described sensor by described processor after computing carries out number and shows.
The present invention also specifically provides a kind of displacement detecting method of centering sensing device in addition, and the sensor setting of centering sensing device is in the top of rail, and the method comprises the following steps:
S100: the electromagnetic inductive probe coil that is positioned at described sensor both sides is passed to exchange current, and described exchange current produces alternating magnetic field, described alternating magnetic field produces eddy current on the surface of described rail;
S101: the magnetic fields of described eddy current is in the electromagnetic inductive probe coil at described sensor middle part, and produce induced signal at the coil two ends of the electromagnetic inductive probe at described middle part;
S102: by described induced signal is nursed one's health, convert the mechanical shift of described sensor to unipolarity or ambipolar d. c. voltage signal.
Preferably, described step S100 further comprises:
The sine wave exciting signal being produced by same oscillator point two-way after driving exports respectively the coil of the electromagnetic inductive probe that is positioned at described sensor both sides to, two ends at described electromagnetic inductive probe produce alternating magnetic field, described action of alternating magnetic field, in described rail, produces eddy current on the surface of described rail.
Preferably, described step S102 further comprises:
The induced signal producing at the two ends of the electromagnetic inductive probe coil in the middle part of described sensor is after driving, the sine wave exciting signal producing with described oscillator carries out division arithmetic, obtain the ratio of described induced signal and described sine wave exciting signal, calculate the mechanical shift of described sensor by described ratio.
The centering sensing device and the displacement detecting method thereof that provide by implementing the invention described above, have following technique effect:
(1) apparatus of the present invention and method be by adopting electromagnetic sensor mode, with respect to laser, image and differential mode relative simple and reliably aspect excitation and modulate circuit;
(2) centering sensing device of the present invention is with respect to laser, image with differential mode volume is less, weight is lighter, easy for installation;
(3) apparatus of the present invention and method be by adopting electromagnetic sensor mode, is subject to Rail Surface foul, environmental impact less with respect to laser, image and differential mode;
(4) the easier through engineering approaches of apparatus of the present invention, laser type and image-type are difficult to realize aspect through engineering approaches, and especially image-type mode needs camera, and camera is the easily impact of the aspect such as wind-engaging, sand, water and vibration under car body, seriously limit applied environment, and reduced serviceable life;
(5) apparatus of the present invention adopt digital display mode indicating positions, once being the demonstration directly perceived that can realize position without supporting instrument, and the 2nd, facilitate the Installation and Debugging of sensing device.
Brief description of the drawings
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, to the accompanying drawing of required use in embodiment or description of the Prior Art be briefly described below, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is only some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, do not paying under the prerequisite of creative work, can also obtain according to these accompanying drawings other accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is the contour structures schematic diagram of a kind of embodiment of centering sensing device of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of a kind of embodiment locking member of centering sensing device of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the mounting structure schematic diagram of a kind of embodiment of centering sensing device of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the system architecture diagram of a kind of embodiment of centering sensing device of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the inner structure composition frame chart of driver element in a kind of embodiment of centering sensing device of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the principle schematic of displacement testing process in a kind of embodiment of centering sensing device of the present invention;
In figure: 1-sensor, 2-driver element, 3-signal processing unit, 4-processor, 5-output interface, 6-display unit, 7-signal condition unit, 8-communication interface, 9-rail, 10-the first amplifying element, 11-oscillator, 12-Voltage Reference link, 13-the 6th amplifying element, 14-the 7th amplifying element, 15-divider, 16-wave filter, 17-the second amplifying element, 18-the 3rd amplifying element, 19-the 4th amplifying element, 20-the 5th amplifying element, 21-phase compensation link, 100-device body, 101-electromagnetic inductive probe, 102-box body, 103-installation portion, 104-circuit board, 105-sensor interface, 106-digital display window, 200-latch mechanism, 201-lock body, 202-dead bolt, 203-lock dog, 204-screw mandrel, 300-carry mechanism, 400-load carrier, 500-screw.
Embodiment
For quote and know for the purpose of, by the technical term hereinafter using, write a Chinese character in simplified form or abridge and be described below:
RS485: i.e. EIA-485 is the electrical specification regulation that is under the jurisdiction of osi model Physical layer, is the standard of 2 lines, half-duplex, multi-point;
MCU:Micro Control Unit, the abbreviation of micro-control unit;
MIPS:Microprocessor without Interlocked Piped Stages, without the abbreviation of the microprocessor of inner interlocked pipelining-stage;
CIP-51: i.e. C8051 single-chip microcomputer;
ADC:Analog Digital Converter, the abbreviation of digital to analog converter;
The abbreviation of A/D:Analog/Digital;
RAM:Random Access Memory, the abbreviation of random access memory;
UART:Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter, the abbreviation of universal asynchronous receiving-transmitting transmitter;
LED:Light Emitting Diode, the abbreviation of light emitting diode;
SMBus:System Management Bus, the abbreviation of System Management Bus.
For making object, technical scheme and the advantage of the embodiment of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out to clear, complete description.Obviously, described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the present invention, instead of whole embodiment.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making the every other embodiment obtaining under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
If accompanying drawing 1 is to as shown in accompanying drawing 6, provide the specific embodiment of centering sensing device of the present invention and displacement detecting method thereof, below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the invention will be further described.
As shown in Figure 4, a kind of specific embodiment of centering sensing device, comprising: connected sensor 1, driver element 2, signal processing unit 3 and processor 4 successively.Sensor 1 comprises the totally three groups of electromagnetic inductive probes 101 that lay respectively at its both sides and middle part.In the time carrying out centering sensing, sensor 1 is arranged at the top of rail 9, coil to the electromagnetic inductive probe 101 that is positioned at sensor 1 both sides passes to exchange current, exchange current produces alternating magnetic field, alternating magnetic field produces eddy current on the surface of described rail 9, the magnetic fields of eddy current is in the coil of the electromagnetic inductive probe 101 at sensor 1 middle part, and produces induced signal at the coil two ends of the electromagnetic inductive probe 101 at middle part.This induced signal is a d. c. voltage signal being directly proportional to the mechanical shift of sensor 1.By this induced signal is nursed one's health, can convert the mechanical shift of sensor 1 to unipolarity or ambipolar d. c. voltage signal to high precision.The centering sensing device that the specific embodiment of the invention is described adopts way of electromagnetic induction, adopts three groups of solenoids above rail, utilizes the metallic object of rail 9 to measure electromagnetic field effects principle.Electromagnetic inductive probe 101 adopts three groups of outsides to be wound with the siliconized plate of coil.As preferably specific embodiment of one of the present invention, three groups of electromagnetic inductive probes 101 are a spaced set in upright arrangement in the bottom of device body 100, and the electromagnetic inductive probe 101 of both sides arranges symmetrically centered by the electromagnetic inductive probe 101 at middle part.
As shown in Figure 5, driver element 2 further comprises the 3rd amplifying element 18, the 4th amplifying element 19 and the 5th amplifying element 20, signal processing unit 3 comprises the first amplifying element 10 and oscillator 11, the sine wave exciting signal being produced by oscillator 11 exports driver element 2 to after the first amplifying element 10 drives, sinusoidal signal respectively after the 3rd amplifying element 18 and the 5th amplifying element 20 drive, then exports respectively the electromagnetic inductive probe 101 that is positioned at sensor 1 both sides to.The induced signal that the magnetic fields of eddy current produces in the electromagnetic inductive probe 101 at sensor 1 middle part exports signal processing unit 3 to after the 4th amplifying element 19 drives.As a kind of typical specific embodiment of the present invention, oscillator 11 further comprises a multivibrator and a sine-wave generator, this multivibrator produces a triangular wave, and driving sine-wave generator to produce the sine wave of a low distortion, sinusoidal wave frequency and amplitude can be adjusted by resistor and capacitor.The output frequency of oscillator 11 is adjustable at 20Hz～20kHz, exports effective amplitude adjustable at 2V～24V, and the representative value of total harmonic distortion is 50dB.
As shown in Figure 5, signal processing unit 3 also further comprises the 6th amplifying element 13, the 7th amplifying element 14 and divider 15.The signal that the 4th amplifying element 19 is exported is after the 6th amplifying element 13 drives, with come from the first amplifying element 10 and the sine wave exciting signal after the 7th amplifying element 14 drives carries out division arithmetic in divider 15, obtain the ratio of induced signal and sine wave exciting signal, processor 4 obtains the mechanical shift of sensor 1 by calculating ratio.As a kind of typical specific embodiment of the present invention, divider 15 is output as a square ripple signal.A channel is the output signal of the 6th amplifying element 13, and B passage is the output signal of the 7th amplifying element 14, and in the time that A/B equals 1, the dutycycle of square wave is 100%.As preferably specific embodiment of one of the present invention, the first amplifying element 10, the 3rd amplifying element 18, the 4th amplifying element 19 and the 5th amplifying element 20 can gather the operational amplifier chip of ambipolar output, further to increase the driving force of output signal.
As preferably specific embodiment of one of the present invention, driver element 2 also further comprises phase compensation link 21, phase compensation link 21 is connected between the first amplifying element 10 and the 7th amplifying element 14, phase compensation link 21 increases the leading amount of a phase place or hysteresis, the phase deviation of the induced signal that the sine wave exciting signal that compensates the electromagnetic inductive probe 101 that inputs to sensor 1 both sides than this is exported the electromagnetic inductive probe 101 at sensor 1 middle part for coming from the sine wave exciting signal of the first amplifying element 10.
As a kind of typical specific embodiment of the present invention, processor 4 adopts fully-integrated mixed signal SOC (system on a chip) type MCU chip, possess the CIP-51 kernel of 25MIPS pipeline organization, adopt one-cycle instruction, 25 passages with analog multichannel switch, 10 200ksps single-ended/difference ADC.Chip also has FLASH storer, 1280byte ram in slice, four the 16 general bit timing devices that the 25MHz internal oscillator, 16KB of high-precision programmable can in-system programming, itself carries temperature sensor chip, and port cross bar switch is programmed for pin multifunctional multiplexing Practical Condition is provided.Simultaneously; electrification reset, VDD monitor and temperature sensor in the enhancement mode UART of chip built-in and SPI serial line interface, hard-wired SMBus, sheet; these resources can realize the A/D conversion of the electromagnetic induction signal of sensor 1; and realize digital demonstration, communication, fault diagnosis, the functions such as temperature protection.
Centering sensing device also further comprises signal condition unit 7, signal processing unit 3 also comprises wave filter 16 and the second amplifying element 17, the rate signal that divider 15 is exported carries out after filtering processing through wave filter 16, export again the second amplifying element 17 to and carry out power amplification, and export the signal after power amplification to signal condition unit 7.By wave filter 16 and the second amplifying element 17, can adjust pari passu the Output rusults of divider 15.Signal condition unit 7 adopts normal voltage current adjusting module, realizes the standard signal conversion output of 0～5V voltage, 4～20mA electric current.Signal condition unit 7 adopts electric current output, can improve the antijamming capability of circuit.
Centering sensing device also comprises output interface 5 and communication interface 8, and the rate signal of being exported by the second amplifying element 17 of signal processing unit 3 carries out after analog signal conditioner through signal condition unit 7, through the external outputting analog signal of output interface 5.After processor 4 contrast ratio signals calculate, by communication interface 8, through the external output digit signals of output interface 5.Centering sensing device also comprises display unit 7, and display unit 7 is connected with processor 4, and the mechanical displacement signal of the sensor 1 by processor 4 after computing carries out number and shows.Centering sensing device in specific embodiment adopts 4 modes that charactron shows, but also can adopt the mode of 8 sections of LED or liquid crystal display to realize the digitizing demonstration of the displacement signal of centering sensing device.As a kind of typical specific embodiment of the present invention, communication interface 8 further adopts RS485 communication interface.Display unit 7 and communication interface 8 are all controlled by processor 4, and the built-in A/D converter of processor 4 will convert digital quantity to through the electromagnetic sensing voltage signal of conditioning, then carries out number and shows, also externally exports by RS485 communication interface simultaneously.Output interface 5 is responsible for providing the power supply input of sensor 1, the output of simulating signal, communication signal.
A specific embodiment for centering sensing device displacement detecting method, the sensor 1 of centering sensing device is arranged at the top of rail 9, and the method comprises the following steps:
S100: electromagnetic inductive probe 101 coils that are positioned at sensor 1 both sides are passed to exchange current, and exchange current produces alternating magnetic field, alternating magnetic field produces eddy current on the surface of rail 9;
S101: the magnetic fields of eddy current is in electromagnetic inductive probe 101 coils at sensor 1 middle part, and produce induced signal at the coil two ends of the electromagnetic inductive probe 101 at middle part;
S102: by induced signal is nursed one's health, convert the mechanical shift of sensor 1 to unipolarity or ambipolar d. c. voltage signal.
As a kind of typical specific embodiment of the present invention, step S100 further comprises:
The sine wave exciting signal being produced by same oscillator 11 point two-way after driving exports respectively the coil of the electromagnetic inductive probe 101 that is positioned at sensor 1 both sides to, two ends at electromagnetic inductive probe 101 produce alternating magnetic field, action of alternating magnetic field, in rail 9, produces eddy current on the surface of rail 9.
As a kind of typical specific embodiment of the present invention, step S102 further comprises:
The induced signal producing at the two ends of electromagnetic inductive probe 101 coils at sensor 1 middle part is after driving, the sine wave exciting signal producing with oscillator 11 carries out division arithmetic, obtain the ratio of induced signal and sine wave exciting signal, by the mechanical shift of ratio calculating sensor 1.
As shown in Figure 1, be the contour structures schematic diagram of a kind of specific embodiment of centering sensing device of the present invention, the device body 100 of centering sensing device comprises: box body 102, installation portion 103, circuit board 104 and sensor interface 105.Circuit board 104 is arranged on the inside of box body 102, and sensor interface 105 is arranged on box body 102, and device body 100 is arranged on load carrier 400 by installation portion 103.The bottom of device body 100 is provided with sensor 1, and sensor 1 further comprises three groups of electromagnetic inductive probes 101.
As shown in Figure 2, latch mechanism 200 further comprises lock body 201, dead bolt 202, lock dog 203 and screw mandrel 204.Dead bolt 202 and lock dog 203 are all arranged in lock body 201, screw mandrel 204 is through lock body 201 and lock dog 203, lock dog 203 adopts ramp structure with the surface of contact of dead bolt 202, drive lock dog 203 to promote dead bolt 202 by rotary screw 204, realize the locking of the installation portion 103 of dead bolt 202 to device body 100.
As shown in Figure 3, device body 100 is arranged on load carrier 400 by latch mechanism 200, and load carrier 400 is arranged in carry mechanism 300 by screw 500.The part that load carrier 400 coordinates with the installation portion 103 of device body 100 adopts oat tail groove structure, and installation portion 103 adopts dovetail fixing body structure, by latch mechanism 200, installation portion 103 is locked in the dovetail groove of load carrier 400.
The mode that centering sensing device of the present invention adopts unique dovetail fixing body structure and latch mechanism to lock, the installation of sensor 1 regulates very convenient, compared with current domestic and international sensor of the same type, in the time that can save 80% left and right aspect installation, adjustment and debugging.Especially for the replacing of centering sensing device, and there is larger superiority while needing to adjust the position of sensor 1 in online testing process.
As shown in Figure 6, in the time carrying out centering sensing operation, when sensor in the specific embodiment of the invention 1 is placed in to the top of rail 9, can pass through the particular location of three groups of electromagnetic inductive probe 101 detecting sensors 1, and inform master system by simulating signal and the output of digital signal dual mode.Sensor 1 can be informed by digital display window 106 more specific location information of sensor 1 simultaneously, and operating personnel can install according to this information, debugging operations.In the time that the centering sensing device that the specific embodiment of the invention is described is debugged, by placing height and the position of continuous change sensor 1, gather corresponding output signal, select the most suitable placement location of sensor 1 and height, now should ensure good linear between detectable voltage signals and sensor 1 mechanical displacement and the optimum sensitivity of detection signal.
Centering sensing device and the displacement detecting method thereof described by implementing the specific embodiment of the invention, can reach following technique effect:
(1) apparatus of the present invention and method thereof adopt way of electromagnetic induction, make device can reach the response speed of Microsecond grade to the measurement of sensor mechanical shift, thereby are adapted to centering operation more fast;
(2) apparatus of the present invention and method be by adopting electromagnetic sensor mode, with respect to laser, image and differential mode relative simple and reliably aspect excitation and modulate circuit;
(3) centering sensing device of the present invention is with respect to laser, image with differential mode volume is less, weight is lighter, easy for installation;
(4) apparatus of the present invention and method be by adopting electromagnetic sensor mode, is subject to Rail Surface foul, environmental impact less with respect to laser, image and differential mode;
(5) the easier through engineering approaches of apparatus of the present invention, laser type and image-type are difficult to realize aspect through engineering approaches, and especially image-type mode needs camera, and camera is the easily impact of the aspect such as wind-engaging, sand, water and vibration under car body, seriously limit applied environment, and reduced serviceable life;
(6) apparatus of the present invention adopt digital display mode indicating positions, once being the demonstration directly perceived that can realize position without supporting instrument, and the 2nd, facilitate the Installation and Debugging of sensing device.
In this instructions, each embodiment adopts the mode of going forward one by one to describe, and what each embodiment stressed is and the difference of other embodiment, between each embodiment identical similar part mutually referring to.
The above, be only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not the present invention done to any pro forma restriction.Although the present invention discloses as above with preferred embodiment, but not in order to limit the present invention.Any those of ordinary skill in the art, in the situation that not departing from Spirit Essence of the present invention and technical scheme, all can utilize method and the technology contents of above-mentioned announcement to make many possible variations and modification to technical solution of the present invention, or be revised as the equivalent embodiment of equivalent variations.Therefore, every content that does not depart from technical solution of the present invention, according to technical spirit of the present invention to any simple modification made for any of the above embodiments, be equal to replacements, equivalence change and modify, all still belong to technical solution of the present invention protect scope in.
Claims (10)
1. a centering sensing device, it is characterized in that, comprise: connected sensor (1), driver element (2), signal processing unit (3) and processor (4) successively, described sensor (1) comprises the totally three groups of electromagnetic inductive probes (101) that lay respectively at its both sides and middle part, in the time carrying out centering sensing, described sensor (1) is arranged at the top of rail (9), coil to the electromagnetic inductive probe (101) that is positioned at described sensor (1) both sides passes to exchange current, described exchange current produces alternating magnetic field, described alternating magnetic field produces eddy current on the surface of described rail (9), the magnetic fields of described eddy current is in the coil of the electromagnetic inductive probe (101) at described sensor (1) middle part, and produce induced signal at the coil two ends of the electromagnetic inductive probe (101) at described middle part, by described induced signal is nursed one's health, convert the mechanical shift of described sensor (1) to unipolarity or ambipolar d. c. voltage signal.
2. a kind of centering sensing device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described driver element (2) comprises the 3rd amplifying element (18), the 4th amplifying element (19) and the 5th amplifying element (20), described signal processing unit (3) comprises the first amplifying element (10) and oscillator (11), the sine wave exciting signal being produced by described oscillator (11) exports described driver element (2) to after described the first amplifying element (10) drives, described sinusoidal signal is respectively after described the 3rd amplifying element (18) and described the 5th amplifying element (20) driving, export respectively again the electromagnetic inductive probe (101) that is positioned at described sensor (1) both sides to, the induced signal that the magnetic fields of described eddy current produces in the electromagnetic inductive probe (101) at described sensor (1) middle part exports described signal processing unit (3) to after described the 4th amplifying element (19) drives.
3. a kind of centering sensing device according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described signal processing unit (3) also comprises the 6th amplifying element (13), the 7th amplifying element (14) and divider (15), the signal of described the 4th amplifying element (19) output is after described the 6th amplifying element (13) drives, with come from described the first amplifying element (10) and through described the 7th amplifying element (14) drive after sine wave exciting signal in described divider (15), carry out division arithmetic, obtain the ratio of described induced signal and described sine wave exciting signal, described processor (4) obtains the mechanical shift of described sensor (1) by calculating described ratio.
4. a kind of centering sensing device according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: described centering sensing device also comprises signal condition unit (7), described signal processing unit (3) also comprises wave filter (16) and the second amplifying element (17), the rate signal of described divider (15) output carries out after filtering processing through described wave filter (16), export again described the second amplifying element (17) to and carry out power amplification, and export the signal after power amplification to described signal condition unit (7).
5. a kind of centering sensing device according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: described driver element (2) also comprises phase compensation link (21), described phase compensation link (21) is connected between described the first amplifying element (10) and described the 7th amplifying element (14), described phase compensation link (21) increases the leading amount of a phase place or hysteresis for coming from the sine wave exciting signal of described the first amplifying element (10), the phase deviation of the induced signal that the sine wave exciting signal that compensates the electromagnetic inductive probe (101) that inputs to described sensor (1) both sides than this is exported the electromagnetic inductive probe (101) at described sensor (1) middle part.
6. according to a kind of centering sensing device described in claim 4 or 5, it is characterized in that: described centering sensing device also comprises output interface (5) and communication interface (8), the rate signal of being exported by second amplifying element (17) of described signal processing unit (3) carries out after analog signal conditioner through described signal condition unit (7), through externally outputting analog signal of described output interface (5); After described processor (4) calculates described rate signal, by described communication interface (8), through externally output digit signals of described output interface (5).
7. a kind of centering sensing device according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: described centering sensing device also comprises display unit (7), described display unit (7) is connected with described processor (4), and the mechanical displacement signal of the described sensor (1) by described processor (4) after computing carries out number and shows.
8. a centering sensing device displacement detecting method, the sensor (1) of centering sensing device is arranged at the top of rail (9), it is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
S100: electromagnetic inductive probe (101) coil that is positioned at described sensor (1) both sides is passed to exchange current, and described exchange current produces alternating magnetic field, described alternating magnetic field produces eddy current on the surface of described rail (9);
S101: the magnetic fields of described eddy current is in electromagnetic inductive probe (101) coil at described sensor (1) middle part, and produce induced signal at the coil two ends of the electromagnetic inductive probe (101) at described middle part;
S102: by described induced signal is nursed one's health, convert the mechanical shift of described sensor (1) to unipolarity or ambipolar d. c. voltage signal.
9. a kind of centering sensing device displacement detecting method according to claim 8, is characterized in that, described step S100 further comprises:
The sine wave exciting signal being produced by same oscillator (11) point two-way after driving exports respectively the coil of the electromagnetic inductive probe (101) that is positioned at described sensor (1) both sides to, two ends at described electromagnetic inductive probe (101) produce alternating magnetic field, described action of alternating magnetic field, in described rail (9), produces eddy current on the surface of described rail (9).
10. a kind of centering sensing device displacement detecting method according to claim 9, is characterized in that, described step S102 further comprises:
The induced signal that the two ends of electromagnetic inductive probe (101) coil in the middle part of described sensor (1) produce is after driving, the sine wave exciting signal producing with described oscillator (11) carries out division arithmetic, obtain the ratio of described induced signal and described sine wave exciting signal, calculate the mechanical shift of described sensor (1) by described ratio.
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