CN101131314A - Nondestructive thickness measuring method for nickel coat on Fe substrate - Google Patents
Nondestructive thickness measuring method for nickel coat on Fe substrate Download PDFInfo
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- CN101131314A CN101131314A CNA2006100698998A CN200610069899A CN101131314A CN 101131314 A CN101131314 A CN 101131314A CN A2006100698998 A CNA2006100698998 A CN A2006100698998A CN 200610069899 A CN200610069899 A CN 200610069899A CN 101131314 A CN101131314 A CN 101131314A
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- eddy current
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- nickel coating
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Abstract
The invention discloses a non-destructive thickness measuring method of nickel coating on iron base metal; the method is to setting samples of known thickness of nickel coating on iron base metal, by detecting the nickel coated surface of samples through eddy current sensor installed with exciting coils and magnetic test coils, the exciting coils send out pumping signals, obtain eddy current testing data corresponding to the thickness of nickel coating on iron base metal after managing the eddy current induction signal the magnetic test coils obtained, so as to establish a thickness model of nickel coating on iron base metal, in the actual measurement, with the help of this model, the thickness of nickel coating on iron base metal can be tested using the same method. The method is nondestructive, suitable for testing the thickness of all nickel coating on iron base metal, has the advantages of low cost, easy to carry with testing equipment, simple to operate, intuitive and detect fast, can immediate get the testing results at the scene with accurate results.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of detection method of nickel coating thickness, particularly relate to a kind of thickness measuring method of realizing nickel coat on Fe substrate thickness with eddy detection technology.
Background technology
Nickel is a kind of argenteous ferromagnetic metal.Density 8.9 gram per centimeters
3, 1455 ℃ of fusing points.Have ferromagnetism and ductility, can conduct electricity and heat conduction.Nickel also has good inoxidizability, and under the normal temperature, nickel surface in humid air forms fine and close oxide film, not only can stop continuation oxidized, and energy is alkaline-resisting, the corrosion of salt solusion.Experimental results show that: purity is 99% nickel, iron mold can not take place in 20 years.The resistance to corrosion of nickel is very strong, and especially the resistance to corrosion to caustic alkali is strong, and the corrosion speed in nickel every year is no more than 25 microns in 50% boiling soda lye.The intensity of nickel and plasticity are also fine, can bear various pressure processing.Just because of the characteristic that nickel had, therefore, nickel often is used as the corrosion protection coating on the iron-based body.In order to know the thickness of nickel coating, usually need carry out thickness measuring to the nickel coating on the iron-based body, existing thickness measuring method generally is to adopt " metal and oxide cover layer cross sectional thickness microscope measuring method ", measured object is cut, the transversal section of measured object is exposed, then, by microscope the object transversal section is measured, to obtain the thickness of nickel coat on Fe substrate in the object, but this measuring method causes the damage to object easily, such as, when need measuring the nickel coating thickness on the iron-based body of engine cylinder-body, just engine cylinder-body need be downcut a part, the cylinder body of engine is destroyed, thereby, existing this method is unwell to all objects that contains nickel coating iron-based body is carried out the thickness measure of nickel coating.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiency of prior art, a kind of nondestructive thickness measuring method of nickel coat on Fe substrate is provided.This method is to be based upon on the basis of eddy detection technology, mode with Non-Destructive Testing is carried out the thickness measure of nickel coating to the object that all contain nickel coating iron-based body, has that equipment cost is low, easy to carry, testing process simple, intuitive, detection speed are fast, can obtain testing result, measurement result characteristic of accurate immediately in the scene.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of nondestructive thickness measuring method of nickel coat on Fe substrate comprises and demarcates and survey two processes:
In calibration process, it comprises the steps:
A. select the some samples that are made of the nickel coating on iron-based body and the iron-based body, the iron-based body material of each sample, thickness are identical, and nickel coating thickness is inequality;
B. with eddy current sensor the one side that is coated with nickel dam in the sample is detected, the drive coil of eddy current sensor is by waveform generator sent a preset signal excitation, and this pumping signal sees through vortex induction signal that nickel coating produced at the iron-based body and picked up by the magnetic test coil of eddy current sensor;
C. the vortex induction signal that picks up of the detection winding coil of eddy current sensor is sent into computer system by mould/number interface through preposition amplification, phase sensitive detection, phase place rotation, numerical control after amplifying;
D. the vortex induction signal that the detection winding coil of eddy current sensor picks up in computer system is processed into and the corresponding data of nickel coating known thickness;
E. respectively the one side that is coated with nickel dam in the various sample is detected with eddy current sensor, repeating step b to d, the different known thickness institute that obtains some nickel coatings is data one to one;
F. by computer system with the different known thickness institute of the nickel coating that obtains one to one data processing one-tenth be variable and the corresponding function relationship between expression of thickness nickel coating with described data;
As if the conduction/magnetic conductivity difference of iron-based body, then can cause the measuring error of nickel coating, at this moment, the electromagnetic induction reference value that must test different iron-based bodies with eddy current sensor earlier, and revised in the detected value after adding coating; In addition, change curvature measured object greatly, also can test, set up correlation curve, testing result is revised by making different test blocks for the surface;
In the actual measurement process, it comprises the steps:
G. with aforementioned eddy current sensor the one side of the nickel coat on Fe substrate of actual measurement object is surveyed with drive coil and magnetic test coil, the drive coil of eddy current sensor is by waveform generator sent a preset signal excitation, and this pumping signal sees through composite electromagnetic induction signal that nickel coating produced at the iron-based body and picked up by the magnetic test coil of eddy current sensor;
H. the vortex induction signal of the actual measurement object that picks up of the magnetic test coil of eddy current sensor is sent into computer system by mould/number interface through preposition amplification, phase sensitive detection, phase place rotation, numerical control after amplifying; The vortex induction signal Processing of the actual measurement object that the magnetic test coil of eddy current sensor is picked up by computer system becomes corresponding data;
I. in computer system, it is in variable and the corresponding function relationship between expression of thickness nickel coating that the data of the rapid described correspondence of previous step are brought into data, and then obtains the thickness of the nickel coating of actual measurement object.
In use, the present invention has adopted eddy detection technology to realize the Non-Destructive Testing of nickel coat on Fe substrate thickness, and EDDY CURRENT is a kind of lossless detection method that is based upon on the electromagnetic induction principle basis.When the magnetic test coil that is loaded with exchange current when the metallic object, because the effect of coil magnetic field, can generate eddy current in the metallic object, the size of eddy current, phase place and liquid form are subjected to the influence of metallic object electromagnetic performance etc., as the conductivity of metallic object, magnetic permeability, size, shape etc., eddy current in the metallic object also can produce the magnetic field of oneself, and the effect of eddy current magnetism has changed the power in former magnetic field, and then causes the change of coil voltage and impedance.Among the present invention, when the eddy current sensor that is loaded with exchange current when the measured object, because the effect in excitation winding coil magnetic field, in the iron-based body of measured object and nickel coating, all can generate eddy current, the iron-based body, the size of eddy current in the nickel coating, phase place and liquid form are subjected to iron separately, the influence of nickel electromagnetic performance etc., because the conductivity of iron differs many than the conductivity of nickel, though the eddy current in iron-based body and the nickel coating all can produce the magnetic field of oneself, but, because nickel coating is thinner, most of eddy current field energy penetrates into the iron-based body, and decay gradually in the iron-based body, the influence that the nickel coating thickness changes will change the power in eddy current reflection magnetic field, i.e. the variation of nickel coating surface eddy field can cause the change of eddy current sensor magnetic test coil voltage and impedance.According to this variation, utilize impedance analysis method and the method that adopts normalized just can learn the thickness of nickel coating indirectly.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows, owing to adopted the sample that some known nickel coating thickness are set, by the eddy current sensor that will have drive coil and magnetic test coil the surface that is coated with nickel coating in the sample is detected, the drive coil of eddy current sensor is encouraged by the preset signal that waveform generator sent, this pumping signal sees through composite electromagnetic induction signal that nickel coating produced at the iron-based body and is picked up by the magnetic test coil of eddy current sensor, the vortex induction signal that magnetic test coil obtains obtains the corresponding data of nickel coating known thickness after the machine system handles as calculated, thereby set up the model of a nickel coating about thickness, in actual measurement, by means of this model, the sharp thickness that can obtain the measured object nickel coat on Fe substrate in the same way, this method is that the mode with Non-Destructive Testing realizes the thickness measure to nickel coat on Fe substrate, be applicable to all objects that contains nickel coating iron-based body are carried out the thickness measure of nickel coating, and it is low to have equipment cost, easy to carry, the testing process simple, intuitive, detection speed is fast, can obtain testing result immediately in the scene, the measurement result characteristic of accurate.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is described in further detail; But the nondestructive thickness measuring method of a kind of nickel coat on Fe substrate of the present invention is not limited to embodiment.
The nondestructive thickness measuring method of a kind of nickel coat on Fe substrate of the present invention comprises and demarcates and survey two processes:
In calibration process, it comprises the steps:
The sample that step a. selects several piece to be made of the nickel coating on iron-based body and the iron-based body, the iron-based body thickness of sample is identical, and nickel coating thickness is got different value (sample is many more, and measuring accuracy is high more) respectively;
Step b. abuts in the surface that is provided with the nickel coating one side in a certain sample with eddy current sensor and surveys, the excitation winding coil of eddy current sensor is by waveform generator sent a preset signal excitation, and this pumping signal sees through vortex induction signal that nickel coating produced at the iron-based body and picked up by the detection winding coil of eddy current sensor;
The vortex induction signal that the magnetic test coil of step c eddy current sensor picks up is sent into computer system by mould/number interface through preposition amplification, phase sensitive detection, phase place rotation, numerical control after amplifying;
Steps d. the vortex induction signal that the magnetic test coil of eddy current sensor picks up in computer system is processed into the corresponding data of nickel coating known thickness with this piece sample, the i.e. corresponding data of nickel coating thickness and magnetic test coil impedance;
Step e. detects the one side that is coated with nickel coating in other various sample respectively with eddy current sensor, and repeating step b to d obtains one group of nickel coating thickness and the pairing data of magnetic test coil impedance;
The pairing detection data processing of the different nickel coating thickness that step f. will be obtained by computer system become with described data be variable, with the corresponding function relationship between expression of nickel coating thickness, the i.e. corresponding variation diagram of nickel coating thickness and magnetic test coil impedance;
As if the conduction/magnetic conductivity difference of iron-based body, then can cause the measuring error of nickel coating, at this moment, the electromagnetic induction reference value that must test different iron-based bodies with eddy current sensor earlier, and revised in the detected value after adding coating; In addition, change curvature measured object greatly, also can test, set up correlation curve, testing result is revised by making different test blocks for the surface;
In the actual measurement process, to measure such as cylinder body engine, it comprises the steps:
Step g. detect with the one side of aforementioned eddy current sensor with drive coil and magnetic test coil the nickel coat on Fe substrate of engine cylinder-body, the drive coil of eddy current sensor is by waveform generator sent a preset signal excitation, and this pumping signal sees through induced signal that nickel coating produced at the iron-based body and picked up by the magnetic test coil of eddy current sensor;
The vortex induction signal of the engine cylinder-body that the magnetic test coil of step h. eddy current sensor picks up is sent into computer system by mould/number interface through preposition amplification, phase sensitive detection, phase place rotation, numerical control after amplifying; The vortex induction signal Processing of the engine cylinder-body that the magnetic test coil of eddy current sensor is picked up by computer system becomes corresponding data;
Step I. in computer system, the data of the rapid described correspondence of previous step are in variable and the corresponding function relationship between expression of thickness nickel coating with data by substitution, promptly according to the corresponding variation figure line of nickel coating thickness with the magnetic test coil impedance, by the impedance variation numerical value that records, and then the thickness of the nickel coating of acquisition engine cylinder-body.
The nondestructive thickness measuring method of a kind of nickel coat on Fe substrate of the present invention, can adopt measuring thickness device to realize, this measuring thickness device comprises signal generator, eddy current sensor, preposition amplification phase-sensitive detection circuit, balance filtering circuit, digital phase rotation circuit, variable gain amplifier, mould/number conversion circuit, computer system; Signal generator is made of the variable frequency waveform generator with quartz crystal degree of stability of the CPU control of computer system; Eddy current sensor includes drive coil and magnetic test coil.
In use, the present invention has adopted eddy detection technology to realize the Non-Destructive Testing of nickel coat on Fe substrate thickness, and EDDY CURRENT is a kind of lossless detection method that is based upon on the electromagnetic induction principle basis.When the magnetic test coil that is loaded with exchange current when the metallic object, because the effect of coil magnetic field, can generate eddy current in the metallic object, the size of eddy current, phase place and liquid form are subjected to the influence of metallic object electromagnetic performance etc., as the conductivity of metallic object, magnetic permeability, size, shape etc., eddy current in the metallic object also can produce the magnetic field of oneself, and the effect of eddy current magnetism has changed the power in former magnetic field, and then causes the change of coil voltage and impedance.In the embodiment of the invention, when the eddy current sensor that is loaded with exchange current when the engine cylinder-body, because the effect in drive coil magnetic field, in the iron-based body of measured object and nickel coating, all can generate eddy current, the iron-based body, the size of eddy current in the nickel coating, phase place and liquid form are subjected to iron separately, the influence of nickel electromagnetic performance etc., because the electricity/magnetic permeability of iron differs many than the electricity/magnetic permeability of nickel, though the eddy current in iron-based body and the nickel coating all can produce the magnetic field of oneself, but, because nickel coating is thinner, most of eddy current field energy penetrates into the iron-based body, and decay gradually in the iron-based body, the influence that the nickel coating thickness changes will change the power in eddy current reflection magnetic field, i.e. the variation of nickel coating surface eddy field can cause the change of eddy current sensor magnetic test coil voltage and impedance.According to this variation, utilize the impedance analysis method and adopt the method for normalized, by earlier sample testing being set up corresponding relation between known thickness nickel coating and the magnetic test coil impedance, just can learn the thickness of the nickel coating of engine cylinder-body indirectly.
The foregoing description only is used for further specifying the nondestructive thickness measuring method of nickel coat on Fe substrate of the present invention; but the present invention is not limited to embodiment; every foundation technical spirit of the present invention all falls in the protection domain of technical solution of the present invention any simple modification, equivalent variations and modification that above embodiment did.
Claims (2)
1. the nondestructive thickness measuring method of a nickel coat on Fe substrate is characterized in that: comprise and demarcate and survey two processes:
In calibration process, it comprises the steps:
A. select the some samples that are made of the nickel coating on iron-based body and the iron-based body, the iron-based body material of each sample, thickness are identical, and nickel coating thickness is inequality;
B. with eddy current sensor the one side that is coated with nickel dam in the sample is detected, the drive coil of eddy current sensor is by waveform generator sent a preset signal excitation, and this pumping signal sees through vortex induction signal that nickel coating produced at the iron-based body and picked up by the magnetic test coil of eddy current sensor;
C. the vortex induction signal that picks up of the detection winding coil of eddy current sensor is sent into computer system by mould/number interface through preposition amplification, phase sensitive detection, phase place rotation, numerical control after amplifying;
D. the vortex induction signal that the detection winding coil of eddy current sensor picks up in computer system is processed into and the corresponding data of nickel coating known thickness;
E. respectively the one side that is coated with nickel dam in the various sample is detected with eddy current sensor, repeating step b to d, the different known thickness institute that obtains some nickel coatings is data one to one;
F. by computer system with the different known thickness institute of the nickel coating that obtains one to one data processing one-tenth be variable and the corresponding function relationship between expression of thickness nickel coating with described data;
In the actual measurement process, it comprises the steps:
G. with aforementioned eddy current sensor the one side of the nickel coat on Fe substrate of actual measurement object is surveyed with drive coil and magnetic test coil, the drive coil of eddy current sensor is by waveform generator sent a preset signal excitation, and this pumping signal sees through composite electromagnetic induction signal that nickel coating produced at the iron-based body and picked up by the magnetic test coil of eddy current sensor;
H. the vortex induction signal of the actual measurement object that picks up of the magnetic test coil of eddy current sensor is sent into computer system by mould/number interface through preposition amplification, phase sensitive detection, phase place rotation, numerical control after amplifying; The vortex induction signal Processing of the actual measurement object that the magnetic test coil of eddy current sensor is picked up by computer system becomes corresponding data;
I. in computer system, it is in variable and the corresponding function relationship between expression of thickness nickel coating that the data of the rapid described correspondence of previous step are brought into data, and then obtains the thickness of the nickel coating of actual measurement object.
2. the nondestructive thickness measuring method of a kind of nickel coat on Fe substrate according to claim 1 is characterized in that: also comprise correction:
In the conduction/magnetic conductivity of the iron-based body of each sample not simultaneously, the electromagnetic induction reference value of testing different iron-based bodies earlier with eddy current sensor, and revised in the detected value after adding coating;
Change curvature measured object greatly for the surface, test, set up correlation curve, testing result is revised by making different test blocks.
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| CN 200610069899 CN101131314B (en) | 2006-08-22 | 2006-08-22 | Nondestructive thickness measuring method for nickel coat on Fe substrate |
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| CN 200610069899 CN101131314B (en) | 2006-08-22 | 2006-08-22 | Nondestructive thickness measuring method for nickel coat on Fe substrate |
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| CN101398298B (en) * | 2008-11-10 | 2010-09-29 | 清华大学 | Electromagnetical ultrasonic thickness-measuring method |
| CN102590334A (en) * | 2012-02-29 | 2012-07-18 | 湖南湖大艾盛汽车技术开发有限公司 | Complete set of eddy current flaw detection equipment for white vehicle body or parts |
| CN102679856A (en) * | 2012-03-31 | 2012-09-19 | 优信互联（北京）信息技术有限公司 | Handle-type coating thickness meter |
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| CN101398298B (en) * | 2008-11-10 | 2010-09-29 | 清华大学 | Electromagnetical ultrasonic thickness-measuring method |
| CN102590334A (en) * | 2012-02-29 | 2012-07-18 | 湖南湖大艾盛汽车技术开发有限公司 | Complete set of eddy current flaw detection equipment for white vehicle body or parts |
| CN102590334B (en) * | 2012-02-29 | 2015-07-15 | 湖南湖大艾盛汽车技术开发有限公司 | Complete set of eddy current flaw detection equipment for white vehicle body or parts |
| CN102679856A (en) * | 2012-03-31 | 2012-09-19 | 优信互联（北京）信息技术有限公司 | Handle-type coating thickness meter |
| CN102679856B (en) * | 2012-03-31 | 2014-08-20 | 优信互联（北京）信息技术有限公司 | Handle-type coating thickness meter |
| CN103075986A (en) * | 2013-01-11 | 2013-05-01 | 清华大学 | Method for measuring film thickness |
| CN103075986B (en) * | 2013-01-11 | 2015-04-29 | 清华大学 | Method for measuring film thickness |
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| CN106500581A (en) * | 2016-11-01 | 2017-03-15 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | The measuring method of non-ferromagnetic metal coated layer thickness on a kind of non-ferromagnetic metal |
| CN107917733A (en) * | 2017-11-15 | 2018-04-17 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of conductive structure thickness based on model and Eddy Conductivity detection method |
| CN108195280A (en) * | 2017-12-14 | 2018-06-22 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of large container stainless steel steel lining Thickness Evaluation method based on EDDY CURRENT |
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| CN109540053A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-03-29 | 爱德森（厦门）电子有限公司 | One kind being based on monocoil base material metal and the quick thickness measuring method of surface nonmetallic coating |
| CN109540053B (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2020-09-25 | 爱德森（厦门）电子有限公司 | Single-coil-based method for quickly measuring thickness of metal base material and surface non-metal coating |
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| CN112179261B (en) * | 2020-09-24 | 2022-09-23 | 桂林理工大学 | Method for detecting thickness of steel rail decarburized layer based on electromagnetic response |
| CN113932700A (en) * | 2021-09-28 | 2022-01-14 | 中国矿业大学 | Thermal barrier coating bonding layer thickness measuring method based on impedance coordinate transformation |
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