A kind of method simultaneously obtaining rich selenium solid fermentation mycelium and rich selenium crow spirit ginseng sporophore
Technical field
The present invention relates to biological fermentation field, especially relate to a kind of method simultaneously obtaining rich selenium solid fermentation mycelium and rich selenium crow spirit ginseng sporophore.
Background technology
Wu Lingcan, has another name called Lei Zhenzi, hangs Jin Zhong, is a kind of famous and precious Chinese medicinal materials, has dehumidifying, tranquilizing and allaying excitement.The effects such as hematopoiesis and raising body's immunity, few for the insufficiency of the spleen food for the treatment of, too much, postpartum, breast was few for postpartum and postoperative hemorrhage, and gastroptosis, pathogenic QI in the body, palpitation and insomnia and infantile convulsion, the diseases such as wound have obvious effect.Research shows, the Wu Lingcan sclerotium that to be Xylaria nigripes (Xylarianigripes (KI.) Sacc) formed in discarded termite nest, is among the peoplely referred to as again chicken fir egg.
In the wild, Xylaria nigripes mycelium is clouded on discarded ant nest fungus garden usually, and the intensive one-tenth shoestring of Later growth part mycelia upwards grows, and forms sporophore through ground, namely part mycelia intensive one-tenth hypohostroma body forms sclerotium, is suspended from the wall of ant nest chamber or on fungus garden.It should be noted that, sporophore part and sclerotium part all can be used as medicine (Chen Shiyu, old glycolylurea is write, and Xun Jun hospital is integrated).
Except can as except medicinal sporophore and sclerotium, Zhejiang Province ZuoLi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd is also in the mode of liquid state fermentation, obtain the fermentation mycelium of Xylaria nigripes, namely ferment powdered Wuling mycelia in combination, and the class new Chinese medicine certificate obtaining health ministry issue in 1998.Calming soporific, brain healthy, anti-anemia action, the relevant test of pesticide effectiveness such as to strengthen the body resistance to consolidate the constitution have been carried out to new drug simultaneously.Proof obviously can strengthen the sedative effect of nervus centralis, improves various dysmnesia; There is cerebral protection, energy enhancing body immunizing power, when hemorrhagic anemia, can go up significantly oxyphorase and erythrocytic quantity; Also there is hypoxia tolerance and antifatigue effect simultaneously, fully demonstrate strengthen the body resistance to consolidate the constitution, constitutional effect.It is 96.9% to the total effective rate of hyperplasia of prostate subjective symptoms report, and comparatively QIANLIEKANG PIAN 93% is high.In addition Chinese patent CN96106492.7 also discloses a kind of method being obtained crow spirit ginseng fermentation mycelium by liquid submerged fermentation, and finds that this mycelium has strengthening immunity, the effects such as the protection of antitumor growth promoting effects, brain and treatment menalgia.As can be seen here, its mycelium is also pharmaceutically acceptable.
Weng Rongan (artificial cultivation technique of Xylaria nigripes and fractions of active ingredient research, master thesis, 2009) has carried out comparatively systematic research to the artificial cultivation technique of Xylaria nigripes, also analyzes the nutritive ingredient of sporophore and sclerotium.But it, to obtain for the purpose of sporophore, have ignored solid-state mycelial application completely, meanwhile, the output of sporophore is also too low.
Selenium must obtain nutritional trace element for human body, and China is internationally recognized Que Xi big country.Foreign Epidemic disease is learned and endemiology research shows, the deficiency of selenium intake causes tumour, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, hepatopathy, diabetes, Keshan disease, and cataract, myopia etc. more than 40 plants the cause of disease of disease.Research shows, utilizes organoselenium as the supplementary formulation of the micro-nutrition of needed by human, long in the human body residence time, to the metabolic adsorption of selenium element and bioavailability high, non-toxic reaction within the scope of Safe maximum Se intake.And do not produce antagonistic action with other class medicines.If the supplementary formulation using inorganic selenium salt as the micro-nutrition of needed by human, inorganic selenium in vivo the residence time short, absorption of human body utilization ratio is low, within the scope of maximum safety, if Excess free enthalpy in the short period of time, easily causes acute poisoning.Therefore, for a long time, the source of the first-selected organoselenium of people selenium as a supplement.Therefore, various be rich in organoselenium method and product continue to bring out, as yeast rich in selenium, selenium-rich rice etc.But rich selenium crow spirit ginseng sporophore and solid state fermentation rich selenium crow spirit ginseng bacterium powder have no report.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention is exactly to solve the problem, and provide a kind of method simultaneously obtaining rich selenium solid fermentation mycelium and rich selenium crow spirit ginseng sporophore, it while the rich selenium sporophore of acquisition, can obtain the solid state fermentation mycelium of rich selenium.Not only can economize on resources, the organoselenium that Wu Ling can also be made to join in sporophore and mycelium significantly improves, thus strengthens its effect.
To achieve these goals, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
Obtain a method for rich selenium solid fermentation mycelium and rich selenium crow spirit ginseng sporophore simultaneously, it is characterized in that, comprise the steps:
S1. the liquid culture medium of inorganic selenium is rich in configuration, after sterilization, inoculates and then carries out liquid state cultivation into aspergillus niger spore, obtain aspergillus niger liquid strain;
S2. configure solid medium, after sterilization, inoculate the aspergillus niger liquid culture medium into S1, carry out aspergillus niger solid state fermentation;
S3. configure liquid culture medium, after sterilizing, access Xylaria nigripes seed, carries out liquid state and cultivates to obtain Xylaria nigripes liquid strain;
S4., after the aspergillus niger solid state fermentation thing that S2 obtains being carried out sterilizing, the Xylaria nigripes liquid strain of access S3, then cultivates;
S5. gather in the crops the crow spirit ginseng sporophore of S4 growth, obtain the crow spirit ginseng sporophore being rich in organoselenium;
S6. wash remaining solid state rheology thing after gathering, remove through drying after the inorganic selenium of wherein unconverted, obtain the rich selenium crow spirit ginseng of solid state fermentation.
In step S1, sterilising conditions is: temperature 121 DEG C, time 25min.
In step S1, inoculate and then carry out liquid state cultivation into aspergillus niger spore, its condition is: 150-200rpm (preferred 180rpm), cultivates 48-96 (preferably 72) hour under 28-37 DEG C (preferred 35-37 DEG C).
In step S1, the inorganic selenium of liquid culture medium is the combination of a kind of in Sodium Selenite, sodium selenate or two kinds, and the concentration of selenium salt is 0.1-5g/L.
In step S1, liquid culture medium, except inorganic selenium, also comprises the carbon source needed for Aspergillus Niger Growth, nitrogenous source and trace element.
In step S2, sterilising conditions is: 121 DEG C, time 45min.
In step S2, the aspergillus niger solid state fermentation time is 24-96h (preferred 48-96h optimizes further and is 48-72h), temperature 28-37 DEG C (preferably 32 DEG C), static gas wave refrigerator.
In step S2, solid medium is edible rice, crack rice, wheat, buckwheat, analysis for soybean powder, wheat bran, the lily of integration of drinking and medicinal herbs, lotus seeds, soybean, one or more composition in wheat, the water content of solid medium is 30%-45%, preferably 40%.
In step S2, the inoculum size of aspergillus niger liquid strain is 5-15% (V/W), preferred 8-10% (V/W).
In step S3, culture condition: temperature 28 DEG C, relative humidity is 80%, after cultivating 7-8 days, cultivates under 1000lex astigmatism condition under the condition of lucifuge, until after the sporophore blackening grown, gather.
In step S4, sterilising conditions is: 121 DEG C, time 10min.
In step S4, the inoculum size of Xylaria nigripes liquid strain is 8-15% (V/W), preferred 10-15% (V/W).
In step S4, culture condition is: culture temperature 22-30 DEG C (preferred 22-28 degree Celsius), humidity 60-90%, lucifuge is cultivated, until mycelia gives the formation that certain scattered light is beneficial to sporophore after being covered with whole fermentation flask treat that sporophore is sturdy, and completely after blackening, gather, sporophore after gathering carries out drying, namely obtains the crow spirit ginseng sporophore being rich in organoselenium.Substratum after gathering continues to cultivate, and substratum can grow sporophore by secondary.Gathered after its blackening, the crow spirit ginseng sporophore of organoselenium is rich in dry acquisition.Substratum is poured out, after washing unconverted inorganic selenium with water, substratum is dry, namely obtain the crow spirit ginseng solid state fermentation mycelium being rich in organoselenium.
Solid state fermentation mycelium be Wu Lingcan after secondary fruiting, stay containing the solid-state fermentation substrate of abundant organic selenium hyphostoma of wuling ginseng.
Contriver finds after deliberation, in black-koji mould liquid culture medium, add inorganic selenium, aspergillus niger be experienced by liquid, solid-state lower long conversion, be conducive to more inorganic selenium and change into organoselenium.Remaining inorganic selenium, under the twice transformation of Xylaria nigripes, its transformation efficiency is higher.
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
(1) by the fermentation of first time aspergillus niger strain, and add inorganic selenium in liquid culture medium, Xylaria nigripes can be overcome and inorganic selenium is converted into the indifferent feature of organoselenium.
(2) Xylaria nigripes grows more rapid on the substratum after fermentation of Aspergillus niger.The whole production cycle can be shortened.
(3) output of Xylaria nigripes its sporophore on the substratum after fermentation of Aspergillus niger is larger.
(4) solid medium adopts completely edible one-tenth to be grouped into, and after making its sporophore of gathering, can apply as solid state fermentation thalline, thus greatly improves the service efficiency of resource.
(5) Xylaria nigripes carries out Secondary Fermentation in the matrix after fermentation of Aspergillus niger, the generation of its main active ingredient adenosine more favourable, thus promotes its effect.
Embodiment
The technique means realized to make the present invention, creation characteristic, reaching object and effect is easy to understand, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, setting forth the present invention further.
Embodiment 1:
Configuration aspergillus niger liquid culture medium: glucose 4%, peptone 2%, Sodium Selenite 1g/L, all the other are water, and sterilising conditions is 121 DEG C, 25min.After cool to room temperature, inoculated aspergillus niger spore.At 180rpm, cultivate 72 hours at 35 DEG C, obtain aspergillus niger liquid strain.
Solid medium configure: crack rice add 35% moisture, cook, pour out pinch loose, then loading fermentation flask in, sterilising conditions: 121 DEG C, sterilizing 45min, shakes loose with regard to heat.After cool to room temperature, inoculated aspergillus niger liquid state is planted, and inoculum size is 10% (V/W).
Fermentation of Aspergillus niger is cultivated: will inoculate the solid state rheology thing of aspergillus niger, and be placed in 32 DEG C, cultivates 72h.After cultivation terminates, under 121 DEG C of conditions, sterilizing 10min.Shake with regard to heat loose, then access Xylaria nigripes.Inoculum size is 10% (V/W).
The cultivation of Xylaria nigripes: the solid state rheology thing having inoculated Xylaria nigripes, at being placed in 28 DEG C, relative humidity is 80%, cultivates after 8 days, cultivate, until after the sporophore blackening grown, gather under 1000lex astigmatism condition under the condition of lucifuge under humidity condition.Substratum after gathering, continues to cultivate, grows sporophore and after blackening, gather until secondary.Substratum after gathering, washes with water, and the crow spirit ginseng solid state fermentation mycelium of organoselenium is rich in dry i.e. acquisition.
Controlled trial (see table 1): control experiment be solid medium after sterilizing, directly inoculate Xylaria nigripes liquid strain, then cultivate, after secondary recovery sporophore, culture medium, after water washing, is drying to obtain.
Table 1
Embodiment 2:
Configuration aspergillus niger liquid culture medium: glucose 4%, peptone 2%, Sodium Selenite 2g/L, sterilising conditions is: 121 DEG C, 25min.After cool to room temperature, inoculated aspergillus niger spore.At 180rpm, cultivate 72 hours at 35 DEG C.Obtain aspergillus niger liquid strain.
Solid medium configures: crack rice add 35% moisture, cook, pour out and pinch loose, add the analysis for soybean powder of 10% of the amount of cracking rice, then in loading fermentation flask, sterilising conditions: 121 DEG C, sterilizing 45min, shakes loose with regard to heat.After cool to room temperature, inoculated aspergillus niger liquid state is planted.Inoculum size is 10% (V/W).
Fermentation of Aspergillus niger is cultivated: will inoculate the solid state rheology thing of aspergillus niger, and be placed in 32 DEG C, cultivates 72h.After cultivation terminates, under 121 DEG C of conditions, sterilizing 10min.Shake with regard to heat loose, then access Xylaria nigripes.Inoculum size is 10% (V/W).
The cultivation of Xylaria nigripes: the solid state rheology thing having inoculated Xylaria nigripes, at being placed in 28 DEG C, relative humidity is 80%, cultivates after 8 days, cultivate, until after the sporophore blackening grown, gather under 1000lex astigmatism condition under the condition of lucifuge under humidity condition.Substratum after gathering, continues to cultivate, grows sporophore and after blackening, gather until secondary.Substratum after gathering, washes with water, and the crow spirit ginseng solid state fermentation mycelium of organoselenium is rich in dry i.e. acquisition.
Controlled trial (see table 2): control experiment be solid medium after sterilizing, directly inoculate Xylaria nigripes liquid strain, then cultivate, after secondary recovery sporophore, culture medium, after water washing, is drying to obtain.
Table 2
Embodiment 3:
Configuration aspergillus niger liquid culture medium: glucose 4%, peptone 2%, Sodium Selenite 4g/L, sterilising conditions is: 121 DEG C, after 25min. cool to room temperature, inoculated aspergillus niger spore.At 180rpm, cultivate 72 hours at 35 DEG C.Obtain aspergillus niger liquid strain.
Solid medium configures: ground rice: edible wheat bran=5:1, water content 50%, and then load in fermentation flask, sterilising conditions: 121 DEG C, sterilizing 45min, shakes loose with regard to heat.After cool to room temperature, inoculated aspergillus niger liquid state is planted.Inoculum size is 10% (V/W).
Fermentation of Aspergillus niger is cultivated: will inoculate the solid state rheology thing of aspergillus niger, and be placed in 32 DEG C, cultivates 72h.After cultivation terminates, under 121 DEG C of conditions, sterilizing 10min.Shake with regard to heat loose, then access Xylaria nigripes.Inoculum size is 10% (V/W).
The cultivation of Xylaria nigripes: the solid state rheology thing having inoculated Xylaria nigripes, at being placed in 28 DEG C, relative humidity is 80%, cultivates after 7 days, cultivate, until after the sporophore blackening grown, gather under 1000lex astigmatism condition under the condition of lucifuge under humidity condition.Substratum after gathering, continues to cultivate, grows sporophore and after blackening, gather until secondary.Substratum after gathering, washes with water, and the crow spirit ginseng solid state fermentation mycelium of organoselenium is rich in dry i.e. acquisition.
Controlled trial (see table 3): control experiment be solid medium after sterilizing, directly inoculate Xylaria nigripes liquid strain, then cultivate, after secondary recovery sporophore, culture medium, after water washing, is drying to obtain.
Table 3
Embodiment 4:
Configuration aspergillus niger liquid culture medium: glucose 4%, peptone 2%, Sodium Selenite 5g/L, sterilising conditions is: 121 DEG C, 25min.After cool to room temperature, inoculated aspergillus niger spore.At 180rpm, cultivate 72 hours at 35 DEG C.Obtain aspergillus niger liquid strain.
Solid medium configure: crack rice add 35% moisture, cook, pour out pinch loose, then loading fermentation flask in, sterilising conditions: 121 DEG C, sterilizing 45min, shakes loose with regard to heat.After cool to room temperature, inoculated aspergillus niger liquid state is planted.Inoculum size is 10% (V/W).
Fermentation of Aspergillus niger is cultivated: will inoculate the solid state rheology thing of aspergillus niger, and be placed in 32 DEG C, cultivates 72h.After cultivation terminates, under 121 DEG C of conditions, sterilizing 10min.Shake with regard to heat loose, then access Xylaria nigripes.Inoculum size is 10% (V/W).
The cultivation of Xylaria nigripes: the solid state rheology thing having inoculated Xylaria nigripes, at being placed in 28 DEG C, relative humidity is 80%, cultivates after 8 days, cultivate, until after the sporophore blackening grown, gather under 1000lex astigmatism condition under the condition of lucifuge under humidity condition.Substratum after gathering, continues to cultivate, grows sporophore and after blackening, gather until secondary.Substratum after gathering, washes with water, and the crow spirit ginseng solid state fermentation mycelium of organoselenium is rich in dry i.e. acquisition.
Controlled trial (see table 4): control experiment be solid medium after sterilizing, directly inoculate Xylaria nigripes liquid strain, then cultivate, after secondary recovery sporophore, culture medium, after water washing, is drying to obtain.
Table 4
Embodiment 5:
Configuration aspergillus niger liquid culture medium: glucose 4%, peptone 2%, Sodium Selenite 2g/L, sterilising conditions is: 121 DEG C, 25min.After cool to room temperature, inoculated aspergillus niger spore.At 180rpm, cultivate 72 hours at 35 DEG C.Obtain aspergillus niger liquid strain.
Solid medium configure: crack rice add 35% moisture, cook, pour out pinch loose, then loading fermentation flask in, sterilising conditions: 121 DEG C, sterilizing 45min, shakes loose with regard to heat.After cool to room temperature, inoculated aspergillus niger liquid state is planted.Inoculum size is 10% (V/W).
Fermentation of Aspergillus niger is cultivated: will inoculate the solid state rheology thing of aspergillus niger, and be placed in 32 DEG C, cultivates 72h.After cultivation terminates, under 121 DEG C of conditions, sterilizing 10min.Shake with regard to heat loose, then access Xylaria nigripes.Inoculum size is 10% (V/W).
The cultivation of Xylaria nigripes: the solid state rheology thing having inoculated Xylaria nigripes, at being placed in 28 DEG C, relative humidity is 80%, cultivates after 8 days, cultivate, until after the sporophore blackening grown, gather under 1000lex astigmatism condition under the condition of lucifuge under humidity condition.Substratum after gathering, continues to cultivate, grows sporophore and after blackening, gather until secondary.Substratum after gathering, washes with water, and the crow spirit ginseng solid state fermentation mycelium of organoselenium is rich in dry i.e. acquisition.
Controlled trial (see table 5): control experiment be solid medium after sterilizing, directly inoculate Xylaria nigripes liquid strain, then cultivate, after secondary recovery sporophore, culture medium, after water washing, is drying to obtain.
Table 5
The foregoing is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, protection scope of the present invention is not limited in above-mentioned embodiment, and every technical scheme belonging to the principle of the invention all belongs to protection scope of the present invention.For a person skilled in the art, the some improvement carried out under the prerequisite not departing from principle of the present invention, these improvement also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.