CN103988099A - 光学膜和包含该光学膜的光学显示装置 - Google Patents
光学膜和包含该光学膜的光学显示装置 Download PDFInfo
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- CN103988099A CN103988099A CN201280059819.4A CN201280059819A CN103988099A CN 103988099 A CN103988099 A CN 103988099A CN 201280059819 A CN201280059819 A CN 201280059819A CN 103988099 A CN103988099 A CN 103988099A
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- blooming
- methyl
- luminescent material
- acrylic acid
- ester
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Abstract
本发明涉及光学膜和包括该光学膜的光学显示装置。更具体地,本发明涉及上述光学膜和包括上述光学膜的光学显示装置,该光学膜包含:基膜;和在该基膜上形成的光学功能层,其中该基膜和该光学功能层中的至少一个包含发光材料,并且该发光材料可包括荧光材料和磷光材料中的至少一种。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及光学膜和包括该光学膜的光学显示装置。更具体地,本发明涉及包含发光材料的光学膜和包括该光学膜的光学显示装置。
背景技术
在液晶显示器(LCD)中,利用光学膜的图像显示装置的性能在很大程度上受到背光单元性能的影响。这是因为该装置是以通过反射或传输穿过光学膜的光来控制光的量为基础的。
已经建议具有优异光学性能的各种光学膜有效应用于图像显示装置。在这些光学膜中,棱镜片用于改善液晶显示器(LCD)的亮度。由于LCD自身不能发光,其从光源(CCFL或LED)获得光并且通过导光板把光扩散至整个区域。然后,通过扩散片将光转换为具有更均匀的亮度的面光源。在这一过程中,从初始光源发出的光的效率稳定下降。如果使用棱镜片,则可通过将侧光改变为前光并采集反射光来增加亮度。
被用作集光片的棱镜片是一种具有薄膜柔性的光学膜,其形成结构化的光学图案使得棱镜图案以线性阵列设置在一面,从而改善亮度。
随着折射率提高,棱镜膜的性质得到改善,从而实现高亮度。作为具有高折射率的常规树脂的代表性实例,经常使用溴取代的环氧树脂。例如,可使用通过将丙烯酸加到四溴双酚A型环氧树脂和双酚A型环氧树脂中,然后将苯乙烯、二乙烯基苯和甲基丙烯酸苄基酯等混合到所得混合物中而制造的环氧树脂。
然而,环氧树脂具有1.590的折射率,仍然很低。而且,环氧树脂还呈现出32的低阿贝数(Abbe’s number),其需要进一步提高以用于光学系统。当卤素类树脂(例如溴取代的环氧树脂)燃烧时,它们会产生致癌物,例如多卤化的多卤化的芳香族二噁英或多卤化的二苯并呋喃。另外,还存在燃烧产生的气体如溴化氢和氯化氢等对人体和环境会造成危害的问题。
另外,已经开发出一种具有氨基甲酸酯键和硫代氨甲酰磷酸酯S-烷基酯键的光学材料,其通过将内脱模剂加到含硫原子的芳香族聚异氰酸酯和活性氢化合物(如多元醇和多硫醇)的混合物中而形成,并受到注塑。然而,这些光学材料具有低的热稳定性,并因此具有缺点在于光学产品经硬涂覆后部分变形。
此外,由于高粘度、高成本和纯度问题等,以上列出的大多数具有高折射率的树脂都不适于大规模生产和生产应用。
美国专利公开第2009-0220742号公开了一种具有改善亮度的反射膜,其可包括聚丙烯酸酯树脂并且含有包含至少一种丙烯酸单体的UV可固化树脂。
发明内容
【技术问题】
本发明的一个目的是提供一种具有高折射率、高亮度和优异耐划性的光学膜。
本发明的另一个目的是提供一种既具有高亮度又具有高视角的光学膜。
本发明的又一个目的是提供一种可改善光源的效率的光学膜。
本发明的又一个目的是提供一种在通过使用低折射率的树脂组合物生产时具有高亮度的光学膜。
本发明的又一个目的是提供一种可解决由无机荧光材料带来的分散性和色坐标均匀性问题的光学膜。
本发明的又一个目的是提供一种具有优异操作性能和低生产成本的光学膜。
本发明的又一个目的是提供一种具有优异的热稳定性的光学膜,所述光学膜以从压花辊脱模的性质来看证明了优异的可靠性,并且在背光的装配过程中可使由外来杂物造成的缺陷产品率达最小。
本发明的又一个目的是提供一种包括所述光学膜的光学显示装置。
【技术方案】
本发明的一个方面提供了一种光学膜,其包含基膜以及在所述基膜上形成的光学功能层,其中所述基膜和所述光学功能层中的至少一个可包含发光材料。此处,所述发光材料可包括荧光材料和磷光材料中的至少一种。
所述发光材料可具有240nm至380nm,或420nm至480nm的吸收波长,以及520nm至580nm的发光波长。
所述发光材料可包含UV-可固化的官能团。
所述光学膜可包含芴基。
本发明的另一个方面提供了包含所述光学膜的光学显示装置。
【有益效果】
本发明提供了一种具有高折射率、高亮度、优异的耐划性、优异的对基膜的粘附性以及合适的用于光学膜加工的粘度的光学膜。并且所述光学膜提供了环保的用于光学膜的卤素类树脂组合物,以从压花辊脱模的性质来看优异的可靠性,并且在背光的装配过程中可使由外来杂物造成的缺陷产品率达最小。
本发明还提供了一种用于制备所述光学膜的方法。
附图说明
图1是根据本发明一个实施方式的光学膜的透视图。
具体实施方式
在本发明的一个实施方式中,“光学膜”可包括基膜和在基膜上形成的光学功能层。
基膜可与光学功能层整体形成。
图1是根据本发明的一个实施方式的光学膜的透视图。参见图1,光学膜100可包括基膜110和在基膜110上形成的光学功能层120。图1显示该光学功能层可包括两个光学图案。然而,该光学功能层可包括至少两个光学图案。
在本发明的一个方面,光学膜可包括荧光材料和磷光材料中的至少一种发光材料。基膜和光学功能层中的至少一个可包含该发光材料。发光材料可在特定波长范围内吸收光以改善光学膜的亮度。而且,该发光材料具有高折射率以确保光学膜的高折射率,从而不需要使用具有高折射率树脂。
发光材料可包括具有发光性质的材料,其可由背光单元中作为光源使用的CCFL或LED灯的发光波长范围激发。
发光材料可包括在蓝色或UV波长带中吸收光并且在绿色波长带中发射光的材料。更具体地,该发光材料可具有240nm至380nm,或420nm至480nm的范围内的吸收波长,和520nm至580nm的发射波长。如本文中所使用,术语“吸收波长”和“发射波长”可指在THF、CH2Cl2或其混合溶剂中使用低浓度的样品(通常为0.02g/100ml样品)所确定的值。
光学膜中包含的发光材料的种类可取决于包括该光学膜的背光单元的光源的种类。这是因为从背光单元发射的光的量在该光通过光学膜被反射或传输的同时得到调节。背光单元通常可采用LED或CCFL作为光源。
当背光单元包括LED灯作为光源时,光学膜可包含在蓝色波长带中吸收光并且在绿色波长带中发射光的发光材料。更具体地,可使用具有420nm至480nm吸收波长和520nm至580nm发射波长的发光材料。当背光单元包括CCFL作为光源时,光学膜可包含在UV波长带中吸收光并且在绿色波长带中发射光的发光材料。更具体地,可使用具有240nm至380nm吸收波长和520nm至580nm发射波长的发光材料。
该发光材料可包括有机荧光材料或磷光材料,或者有机-无机混合的荧光磷光材料。有机-无机混合的荧光或磷光材料可意味着在一种材料中既包含有机组分又包含无机组分的发光材料。
无机荧光材料或磷光材料可在由光源(例如LED灯)发出的R、G和B中的特定范围内吸收光。因此,为了改善光源的效率,应该使用多种无机荧光材料以补偿R、G和B中每种的波长吸收。然而,在用于光学膜的树脂中包括多种无机荧光材料的情况下,会存在分散性和色坐标均匀性的问题。相反,单单有机发光材料可呈现对R、G和B的波长吸收的补偿效应。
荧光材料可包括选自以下的至少一种:香豆素衍生物、吡喃衍生物、喹吖啶酮衍生物、氨基蒽衍生物、并四苯衍生物、亚苯基亚乙烯基衍生物、芴衍生物、萘亚乙烯基(naphthalene vinylene)和迫萘(peri-naphthalene)。具体而言,荧光材料可包括以下的至少一种:2,3,6,7-四氢-1,1,7,7-四甲基-1H,5H,11H-10-(2-苯并噻唑基)喹嗪并[9,9a,1gh]香豆素(产品名:C545T)(式1)、4-(二氰亚甲基)-2-叔丁基-6-(1,1,7,7-四甲基久洛尼啶-4-基-乙烯基)-4H-吡喃(E)、N,N'-二甲基-喹吖啶酮(产品名:DMQA)(式2)、9,10-双[N,N-二-(对-甲苯基)-氨基]蒽(产品名:TTPA)(式3)、9,10-双[苯基(间-甲苯基)-氨基]蒽(产品名:TPA)(式4)、5,6,11,12-四苯基并四苯(产品名:Rubrene)(式5)、聚(对-亚苯基亚乙烯基)(PPV)(式6)、聚芴、聚(萘亚乙烯基)(PNV)、聚迫萘(PPN),以及它们的混合物。
[式1]
[式2]
[式3]
[式4]
[式5]
[式6]
(其中,n为100至500范围内的整数)。
磷光材料可包括吡啶铱衍生物。具体而言,磷光材料可包括以下的至少一种:三[2-(对-甲苯基)吡啶]铱(III);Ir(mppy)3)(式7)、Ir(piq)3(式8)、双[3,5-二氟-2-(2-吡啶基)苯基](2-羧基吡啶基)铱(III)(产品名:FlrPic)(式9)、三(2-苯基吡啶)铱(III)(产品名:Ir(ppy)3)(式10),以及它们的混合物。
[式7]
[式8]
[式9]
[式10]
发光材料可包含UV-可固化的不饱和官能团。UV-可固化的不饱和官能团可为乙烯基等,但不限于此。当发光材料包含UV-可固化的不饱和官能团时,会与以下UV-可固化的不饱和化合物进行固化反应,从而改善光学膜的强度和耐久性以及亮度。
发光材料在光学膜中的含量可为0.001wt%至0.5wt%或0.001wt%至0.1wt%。在该范围内,亮度可得到改善。
发光材料在基膜中的含量可为0.001wt%至0.5wt%或0.001wt%至0.1wt%。在该范围内,亮度可得到改善。
发光材料在光学功能层中的含量可为0.001wt%至0.5wt%或0.001wt%至0.1wt%。在该范围内,亮度可得到改善。
在一个实施方式中,光学功能层可为包含发光材料的树脂组合物的固化产物。例如,如下所述,树脂组合物可包含发光材料、UV-可固化的不饱和化合物和引发剂等。具体而言,UV-可固化的不饱和化合物包括芴衍生的不饱和树脂;以及以下的至少一种:(甲基)丙烯酸苯氧基苄基酯、(甲基)丙烯酸苯基苯氧基乙基酯、乙氧基化二(甲基)丙烯酸硫代二苯基酯、(甲基)丙烯酸苯基硫乙基酯单体以及它们的低聚物,由此对基膜的粘附性可与光学功能层的表面硬度一起增加。
光学功能层可具有采集、扩散、传输、折射或反射光的功能,由此光学膜可用作棱镜片、扩散片或导光板等。
光学功能层可具有光学图案以便具有采集、扩散、传输和折射光的功能。光学图案可包括棱镜、柱状透镜(lenticular lenses)、微透镜(micro-lenses)和压花形中的至少一种,但不限于此。
在光学功能层中,发光材料的浓度可随着距光源的距离增加而增加。
光学功能层可具有1μm至1,000μm或1μm至300μm的厚度(或高度)。
在一个实施方式中,基膜可为透明材料的树脂膜,并且可由玻璃和透明合成树脂等组成。通常,透明合成树脂包含聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯。
基膜可具有30μm至300μm的厚度。
光学膜可通过使用光学膜用树脂组合物来制造。光学膜用树脂组合物可用于制备光学膜中的基膜或光学功能层。
在一个实施方式中,制造光学膜的方法可包括:(a)将光学膜用树脂组合物涂覆在模具压花辊上以形成涂层;(b)使涂层与基膜的一面接触;(c)UV照射基膜以固化涂层;以及(d)从压花辊分离被固化并附于基膜的涂层。
考虑到其应用,基膜可为透明基膜。
涂层可具有0.1μm至1,000μm、1μm至300μm、0.1μm至50μm、20μm至50μm或35μm至40μm的厚度。
在另一个实施方式中,制造光学膜的方法可包括:(a)将基膜用树脂组合物涂覆在离型膜上以形成第一涂层;(b)将光学功能层用组合物涂覆在模具压花辊上以形成第二涂层;(c)使第二涂层与第一涂层的一面接触;(d)UV照射第一涂层或第二涂层以固化该第一涂层和第二涂层;以及(e)从模具压花辊分离固化的第一涂层和第二涂层。
光学功能层用树脂组合物可包含UV-可固化的不饱和化合物和引发剂。对光学功能层用树脂组合物没有具体限制,只要它可用于制造用于光的采集、扩散、传输、折射或反射的膜即可。
光学膜用树脂组合物或光学功能层用树脂组合物可通过在190nm至400nm的波长和150mJ/cm2至500mJ/cm2的强度下UV照射而固化,但不限于此。
光学膜用树脂组合物可包含发光材料、UV-可固化的不饱和化合物和引发剂。
基于以下描述的100重量份UV-可固化的不饱和化合物,发光材料的含量可为0.001重量份至0.5重量份、0.001重量份至0.1重量份、0.01重量份至0.1重量份或0.005重量份至0.07重量份。在该范围内,发光材料可具有足够的发光效率,而不改变色坐标(x:±30/1000,y:±30/1000),从而改善亮度。
就固含量而言,基于100重量份的组合物,发光材料的含量可为0.001重量份至0.5重量份、0.001重量份至0.1重量份或0.005重量份至0.1重量份。在该范围内,亮度可得到改善。
UV-可固化的不饱和化合物可为独立的单一组分,或为其中UV-可固化的不饱和化合物被化学键合至发光材料的复合组分。
UV-可固化的不饱和化合物可具有1.61或更小的折射率,或者1.52至1.605的折射率。
UV-可固化的不饱和化合物可具有1.45至1.60的阿贝数。
UV-可固化的不饱和化合物可包括单官能的或多官能的UV-可固化单体,或者它们的低聚物。具有该组分时,软模或镀镍金属模从压花辊脱模的性质可得到改善。而且,固化后,在室温或下或在高温/高湿环境下对透明基膜的粘附性会得到改善,并且棱镜形的表面硬度会增强。
UV-可固化的不饱和化合物可为单官能的或多官能的(甲基)丙烯酸酯低聚物、单官能的或多官能的(甲基)丙烯酸酯单体,或者它们的混合物。
作为(甲基)丙烯酸酯低聚物,可使用普通的(甲基)丙烯酸酯低聚物而无限制。例如,可使用具有1,000g/mol至100,000g/mol的重均分子量(甲基)丙烯酸酯低聚物。
(甲基)丙烯酸酯低聚物的实例可包括芴(甲基)丙烯酸酯、氨基甲酸酯(甲基)丙烯酸酯、环氧(甲基)丙烯酸酯、聚酯(甲基)丙烯酸酯、氟(甲基)丙烯酸酯、硅酮(甲基)丙烯酸酯、磷酸酯(甲基)丙烯酸酯、马来酰亚胺改性的(甲基)丙烯酸酯和丙烯酸酯(甲基丙烯酸酯)。这些低聚物可单独使用或者以它们的两种或更多种组合使用。
芴(甲基)丙烯酸酯(芴衍生的不饱和树脂)可包含芴结构和作为不饱和基团的(甲基)丙烯酸酯。
氨基甲酸酯(甲基)丙烯酸酯可包括由多元醇、异氰酸酯化合物和(甲基)丙烯酸酯合成并且在其分子结构中具有氨基甲酸酯键的低聚物。多元醇的实例可包括聚酯多元醇、聚醚多元醇、聚碳酸酯多元醇、聚己内酯多元醇、四氢呋喃环氧丙烷开环共聚物、聚丁二烯二醇、聚二甲基硅氧烷二醇、乙二醇、丙二醇、1,4-丁二醇、1,5-戊二醇、1,6-己二醇、新戊二醇、1,4-环己烷二甲醇、双酚-A、氢化双酚-A,以及它们的混合物。异氰酸酯化合物的实例可包括2,4-甲苯二异氰酸酯、1,3-二甲苯二异氰酸酯、1,4-二甲苯二异氰酸酯、1,5-萘二异氰酸酯、1,6-己烷二异氰酸酯、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯,以及它们的混合物。(甲基)丙烯酸酯的实例可包括含有C1至C50烷基和羟基的(甲基)丙烯酸酯。
环氧(甲基)丙烯酸酯可选自其分子间结构包含2-溴氢醌、间苯二酚、邻苯二酚、双酚(如双酚A、双酚F、双酚AD和双酚S)、4,4'-二羟基联苯和双(4-羟苯基)醚等的骨架的(甲基)丙烯酸酯低聚物;以及其分子间结构包含烷基、芳基、羟甲基、烯丙基、脂环、卤素(四溴双酚A)和硝基等的(甲基)丙烯酸酯低聚物。
马来酰亚胺改性的(甲基)丙烯酸酯可指由(甲基)丙烯酸酯和具有至少两个马来酰亚胺基团的化合物制备的低聚物。(甲基)丙烯酸酯可包含具有C1至C50烷基的(甲基)丙烯酸酯。具有至少两个马来酰亚胺基团的化合物可包括选自由以下组成的组中的至少一种:1-甲基-2,4-双马来酰亚胺苯、N,N'-间-亚苯基双马来酰亚胺、N,N'-对-亚苯基双马来酰亚胺、N,N'-间-亚甲苯基双马来酰亚胺、N,N'-4,4-联亚苯基双马来酰亚胺、N,N'-4,4-(3,3'-二甲基联亚苯基)双马来酰亚胺、N,N'-4,4-(3,3'-二甲基二苯基甲烷)双马来酰亚胺、N,N'-4,4-(3,3'-二乙基二苯基甲烷)双马来酰亚胺、N,N'-4,4-二苯基甲烷双马来酰亚胺、N,N'-4,4-二苯基丙烷双马来酰亚胺、N,N'-4,4-二苯基醚双马来酰亚胺、2,2-双(4-(4-马来酰亚胺苯氧基)苯基)丙烷、2,2-双(3-叔丁基-4-(4-马来酰亚胺苯氧基)苯基)丙烷、1,1-双(4-(4-马来酰亚胺苯氧基)苯基)癸烷、4,4’-亚环己基双(1-(4-马来酰亚胺苯氧基)-2-环己基苯、2,2-双(4-(4-马来酰亚胺苯氧基)苯基)六氟丙烷,以及它们的混合物。
(甲基)丙烯酸酯低聚物可包括芴(甲基)丙烯酸酯低聚物。
作为(甲基)丙烯酸酯单体,可使用本领域中通常使用的任何(甲基)丙烯酸酯单体而无限制。
例如,(甲基)丙烯酸酯单体可为选自以下的至少一种:(甲基)丙烯酸苄基酯、(甲基)丙烯酸苯氧基苄基酯、(甲基)丙烯酸苯基苯氧基乙酯、单(甲基)丙烯酸1,6-己二醇酯、(甲基)丙烯酸2-羟乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸2-羟丙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸2-羟丁酯、(甲基)丙烯酸2-羟基-3-苯氧基丙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸1,4-丁二醇酯、2-羟乙基(甲基)丙烯酰磷酸酯、(甲基)丙烯酸4-羟基环己酯、单(甲基)丙烯酸新戊二醇酯、二(甲基)丙烯酸三羟甲基乙烷酯、二(甲基)丙烯酸三羟甲基丙烷酯、三(甲基)丙烯酸季戊四醇酯、四(甲基)丙烯酸季戊四醇酯、五(甲基)丙烯酸二季戊四醇酯、六(甲基)丙烯酸二季戊四醇酯、二(甲基)丙烯酸甘油酯、(甲基)丙烯酸四氢糠酯、(甲基)丙烯酸异癸酯、(甲基)丙烯酸2-(2-乙氧基乙氧基)乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸硬脂基酯、(甲基)丙烯酸月桂酯、(甲基)丙烯酸2-苯氧基乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸异冰片酯、(甲基)丙烯酸十三烷基酯、乙氧基加成型(甲基)丙烯酸壬基酚酯、二(甲基)丙烯酸乙二醇酯、二(甲基)丙烯酸二乙二醇酯、二(甲基)丙烯酸三乙二醇酯、二(甲基)丙烯酸t-乙二醇酯、二(甲基)丙烯酸聚乙二醇酯、二(甲基)丙烯酸1,3-丁二醇酯、二(甲基)丙烯酸三丙二醇酯、乙氧基加成型双酚-A二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、环己烷二甲醇二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、苯氧基-t-二醇(甲基)丙烯酸酯、2-甲基丙烯酰氧基乙基磷酸酯、二羟甲基三环癸烷二(甲基)丙烯酸酯、三羟甲基丙烷苯甲酸酯(甲基)丙烯酸酯、芴(甲基)丙烯酸酯、双酚F(甲基)丙烯酸酯、双酚A环氧(甲基)丙烯酸酯、酚醛环氧(甲基)丙烯酸酯、(甲基)丙烯酸苯基苯氧基乙酯、乙氧基化的二(甲基)丙烯酸硫代二苯基酯、(甲基)丙烯酸苯基硫代乙基酯,以及它们的混合物。
在一个实施方式中,UV-可固化的不饱和化合物可包括(甲基)丙烯酸酯低聚物和(甲基)丙烯酸酯单体的混合物。(甲基)丙烯酸酯低聚物可包括芴衍生的不饱和树脂,并且(甲基)丙烯酸酯单体可包括(甲基)丙烯酸苯氧基苄基酯、(甲基)丙烯酸苯基苯氧基乙酯、乙氧基化的二(甲基)丙烯酸硫代二苯基酯、(甲基)丙烯酸苯基硫代乙基酯或它们的混合物中的一种或多种。
在上述混合物中,(甲基)丙烯酸酯低聚物的含量可相同或大于(甲基)丙烯酸酯单体的量,使得(甲基)丙烯酸酯低聚物与(甲基)丙烯酸酯单体的重量比可为1或更大,优选为1至2。
在一个实施方式中,UV-可固化的不饱和化合物可包含100重量份的(甲基)丙烯酸酯低聚物,以及30重量份至100重量份、50重量份至100重量份的(甲基)丙烯酸酯单体或由其制备的低聚物。在该范围内时,上述化合物可具有适于工艺流程的1000cP或更小的粘度并且可在确保聚合物主链柔性的同时防止折射率降低,从而防止膜制造后出现裂纹。
就固含量而言,UV-可固化的不饱和化合物在100重量份的组合物中的含量可为90重量份至99重量份、95重量份至98重量份。在该范围内,亮度可得到改善。
引发剂可用于固化光学膜用树脂组合物以形成光学膜。可使用光聚合引发剂和自由基引发剂等。引发剂的实例包括丙酮(propanone)、酮、氧化膦、甲酸盐/酯和磷酸盐/酯引发剂,但不限于此。
基于100重量份的UV-可固化的不饱和化合物,引发剂的含量可为0.01重量份至10重量份、0.1重量份至10重量份或2重量份至5重量份。在该范围内,可获得高的光反应性(photo-reactivity),而不会破坏光学膜的机械强度,并且残留基引发剂可防止破坏光学性质。
引发剂在100重量份的组合物中的含量可为0.5重量份至9.5重量份,或1重量份至4重量份。在该范围内,由于足够的光反应性可确保棱镜的机械性质,并且可防止光学性质被破坏,如光学膜黄化。
光学膜用树脂组合物可进一步包含酯型的反应性添加剂。
酯反应性添加剂可在固化光学膜用组合物之后增强对基膜的粘附性。
酯反应性添加剂的实例可包括酯型(甲基)丙烯酸酯,例如聚酯改性的聚硅氧烷(甲基)丙烯酸酯、聚酯羟基二甲基聚硅氧烷(甲基)丙烯酸酯,以及它们的混合物,但不限于此。可商购的酯反应性添加剂的实例可包括ECX4114、ECX5031、ECX6025和PHOTOMER4846(COGNIS Co.,Ltd.)等。
基于100重量份的UV-可固化的不饱和化合物,酯反应添加剂的含量可为0.5重量份至5重量份或0.6重量份至3重量份。在该范围内,可改善固化光学膜用组合物后对透明基膜的粘附性,并且可防止棱镜膜的折射率下降。
光学膜用树脂组合物可进一步包含硅酮反应性树脂。
硅酮反应性树脂可改善从模具剥离该组合物时的脱模性质。作为硅酮反应性树脂,可使用普通的聚醚硅氧烷共聚物或有机改性的聚硅氧烷化合物。可商购的硅酮反应性树脂的实例可包括BYK UV-3500、BYK UV-3530(均可购自BYK Co.,Ltd.)或TEGOGlide-100、TEGO Glide-ZG400、TEGO Glide-450(均可购自TEGO Co.,Ltd.)等。
就固含量而言,硅酮反应性树脂在组合物中的含量可为0.01wt%至8wt%。在该范围内,脱模性质可得到改善,而不会破坏在高温/高湿条件下界面之间的粘附性以及棱镜的机械和光学性质。例如,硅酮反应性树脂的含量可为0.01wt%至2wt%。
光学膜用树脂组合物可进一步包含普通的添加剂。
该添加剂可选自由抗静电剂、抗氧化剂、UV吸收剂、光稳定剂、聚合抑制剂、流平剂(leveling agent)、表面活性剂和润滑剂组成的组。
光学膜用树脂组合物可具有1.55或更高,或者1.556至1.582的折射率,如使用发射具有589.3nm的波长光的D光钠灯发射光所测量的。
光学膜用树脂组合物在25℃可具有100cps至1,000cps的粘度。
在本发明的又一个方面,光学显示装置可包括上述光学膜。在光学显示装置中,可包括光学膜作为棱镜片、扩散片或导光板。光学显示装置可包括液晶显示器,其中液晶显示器中的光源可包括LED灯或CCFL。
接下来,将参照以下实施例更加详细地阐释本发明的结构和功能。提供这些实施例仅用于举例说明,而不是要以任何方式限制本发明。在此省略了对于本领域技术人员而言显而易见的细节描述。
【发明的实施方式】
实施例
实施例和对比例中使用的组分的细节如下:
(A)发光材料:
(A1)N,N’-二甲基-喹吖啶酮(DMQA,LT-E503)(吸收波长:294.510nm(在THF中),发光波长:523nm(在THF中))
(A2)9,10-双[N,N-二-(对-甲苯基)-氨基]蒽(TTPA,LT-N507)(吸收波长:294.471nm(在CH2Cl2中),发光波长:554nm(在CH2Cl2中))
(A3)9,10-双[苯基(间-甲苯基)-氨基]蒽(TPA,LT-N508)(吸收波长:292.458nm(在CH2Cl2中),发光波长:532nm(在CH2Cl2中))
(A4)2,3,6,7-四氢-1,1,7,7-四甲基-1H,5H,11H,10-[2-苯并噻唑基]喹嗪并[9,9a,1gh]香豆素(C545T,LT-E502)(吸收波长:473nm(在THF中),发光波长:506nm(在THF中))
(A5)三[2-(对-甲苯基)吡啶]铱(III);Ir(mppy)3
(B)UV-可固化的不饱和化合物:
(B1)芴衍生的不饱和树脂(BPF-022,HANNONG CHEMICALS INC.,折射率:1.601)
(B21)丙烯酸苯氧基苄基酯(折射率:1.56)
(B22)丙烯酸苯基苯氧基乙酯(折射率:1.54)
(C)引发剂:
(C1)Irgacure184
(C2)Darocure TPO
(C3)Irgacure1174
(D)酯反应性添加剂:酯丙烯酸酯(ECX4114)
(E)无机荧光材料:由DUKSAN HI-METAL CO.,LTD.制造
(E1)DPP-201R(组成(Y,Gd)BO3:Eu,发光波长:红光,593nm)
(E2)DPP-501B(组成为BaMgAl10017:Eu,发光波长:蓝光,450nm)
实施例1-12
通过以如表1和表2中所列的量混合UV-可固化的不饱和化合物和引发剂,向所得混合物中添加发光材料并利用搅拌器混合来制备光学膜用组合物。
对比例1
除了不使用发光材料之外,以与实施例1中相同的方式制备光学膜用组合物。
对比例2-3
除了使用无机荧光材料E-1(对比例2)或E-2(对比例3)代替发光材料之外,以与实施例1中相同的方式制备光学膜用组合物。
对比例4
除了不使用发光材料之外,以与实施例9中相同的方式制备光学膜用组合物。
光学膜的制备
将以上制备的光学膜用树脂组合物涂覆在具有其上压花的棱镜层金属模具上,在250mJ/cm2至500mJ/cm2的强度和190nm至400nm的波长受到由装配有D-型灯泡的无电极UV辐照器(600W/英寸)的UV照射,同时使透明PET基膜(聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯膜)的一面接触压花的模具上的涂层以光固化该组合物。将粘附于透明基膜的固化的涂层从金属模具剥离以获得在基膜的一面具有棱镜层的光学膜。将该光学膜的高度调整为35μm至40μm。
如下文所述针对物理性质测试所制造的光学膜。结果总结于表1和表2中。
(1)折射率:使用折射仪(型号:1T,ATAGO ABBE,日本)来测量上述组合物的折射率。将589.3nm的D-型钠灯用作光源。
(2)亮度(Cd/m2):将棱镜膜固定于32英寸液晶显示面板的背光单元。然后,使用分光光度计(型号:SR3,TOPCON Company,日本)在液晶显示器面板上的13个点和5个点处测量亮度并将测量的值求平均。在背光单元中,单独使用LED灯和CCFL灯分别测量亮度1和亮度2。另外,将棱镜膜固定于15.6英寸液晶显示面板的背光单元。然后,使用分光光度计(型号:BM-7,TOPCON Company,日本)在液晶显示器面板上的13个点和5个点处测量亮度并将测量的值求平均(亮度3)。
(3)视角:使用测量亮度所用的相同装置以从右至左0°至180°的倾斜度来测量视角。在背光单元中,单独使用LED灯和CCFL灯分别测量视角1和视角2。
(4)分散性:将荧光添加剂与已有的UV树脂组合物混合,或者使用离心分离器或搅拌器将作为高极性单体的荧光添加剂分散,然后根据与树脂组分的比例混合组合物。在室温下在24小时后,根据沉淀的存在评价分散性。当分散性确定为良好时,将其评价为O,而当分散性确定为不好时,将其评价为X。
(5)色坐标:如以上第(2)项中所述使用分光光度计与亮度一起测量色坐标。
(6)UV黄化:室温下在具有340nm的波长的UV灯下以68mW/m2和125J进行UV照射并静置1小时后,使用黄化测试仪SMCM-H5K1(Sei-myung Vactron Co.Ltd.)来测量UV黄化。
(7)粘附力:在透明PET基膜上涂覆并固化树脂组合物后,除去基膜。将固化的层切成各自具有10×10mm2面积的100个矩阵单元。将胶带贴附于该单元,并且当垂直剥离该层时测量从胶带剥离的单元数目。当粘附力确定为良好时,将其评价为O,而当粘附力确定为不好时,将其评价为X。
(8)脱模性质:将本发明实施例中提到的组合物引入聚酯基膜与具有其上压花的棱镜形状的金属模具之间。层压之后,以0至10的量度评价将基膜从金属模具剥离时的脱模性质,10定义为脱模性质优异。
(9)耐划性(g):在透明PET基膜上涂覆并固化组合物后,翻转固化的棱镜层以便接触防炫面,在该面上放置0g至100g的重物。该重物以5cm的距离往复三次,并且当棱镜层开始被划擦时测量重物质量。
表1
如表1中所示,与包含无机荧光材料的对比例相比,本发明的光学膜具有高亮度,并且没有显示出无机荧光材料的分散性或色坐标均匀性的问题。
表2
如表2中所示,可看出其中使用本发明的包含发光材料的树脂组合物形成的棱镜薄层的实施例9至11显示出高量度,相比于对比例4提高了约6%至25%。而且,棱镜薄层的折射率、黄化、粘附力、脱模性质等均类似于不包含该发光材料的情况。这种使得粘度适于加工条件,转而又以从压花辊脱模的性质角度证明了优异的可靠性。由此,可看出不使用具有高折射率和高粘度的树脂也可获得优异的亮度结果。当比较实施例12与对比例4时,可看出实施例12显示出明显改善的耐划性,但亮度相似。由于凭借发光材料的亮度增强作用,可减少具有高折射率但较差耐划性的芴衍生的不饱和树脂的用量,转而提高了耐划性而不会引起亮度变差。
尽管本文中已经描述了一些实施方式,但本发明并不限于这些实施方式并且能够以多种方式实现。而且,本领域技术人员应该理解,在不偏离本发明的精神和范围的情况下能够进行各种改变、变更和等同实施方式。因此,这些实施方式仅以说明的方式给出,而不应以任何方式被解释为限制本发明。
Claims (14)
1.一种光学膜,包含:
基膜;以及在所述基膜上形成的光学功能层,其中,所述基膜和所述光学功能层中的至少一个包含发光材料,并且所述发光材料包括荧光材料和磷光材料中的至少一种。
2.根据权利要求1所述的光学膜,其中,所述发光材料具有240nm至380nm,或420nm至480nm的吸收波长,以及520nm至580nm的发光波长。
3.根据权利要求1所述的光学膜,其中,所述发光材料包含UV-可固化的官能团。
4.根据权利要求1所述的光学膜,其中,所述荧光材料包括以下的至少一种:2,3,6,7-四氢-1,1,7,7-四甲基-1H,5H,11H-10-(2-苯并噻唑基)喹嗪并[9,9a,1gh]香豆素、4-(二氰亚甲基)-2-叔丁基-6-(1,1,7,7-四甲基久洛尼啶-4-基-乙烯基)-4H-吡喃(E)、N,N'-二甲基-喹吖啶酮、9,10-双[N,N-二-(对-甲苯基)-氨基]蒽、9,10-双[苯基(间-甲苯基)-氨基]蒽、5,6,11,12-四苯基并四苯、聚(对-亚苯基亚乙烯基)(PPV)、聚芴、聚(萘亚乙烯基)(PNV)、聚迫萘(PPN),以及它们的混合物;
并且其中所述磷光材料包括以下的至少一种:三[2-(对-甲苯基)吡啶]铱(III)、双[3,5-二氟-2-(2-吡啶基)苯基](2-羧基吡啶基)铱(III)、三(2-苯基吡啶)铱(III),以及它们的混合物。
5.根据权利要求1所述的光学膜,其中,所述光学膜包含芴基。
6.根据权利要求1所述的光学膜,其中,所述发光材料在所述光学膜中的含量为0.001wt%至0.5wt%。
7.根据权利要求1所述的光学膜,其中,所述光学功能层包含选自棱镜、柱状透镜、微透镜和压花形状中的至少一种光学图案。
8.根据权利要求1所述的光学膜,其中,所述光学膜被用作棱镜片、扩散片或导光板。
9.根据权利要求1所述的光学膜,其中,所述光学膜包含树脂组合物的固化产物,所述树脂组合物包含发光材料、UV-可固化的不饱和化合物和引发剂。
10.根据权利要求9所述的光学膜,其中,所述UV-可固化的不饱和化合物包括芴衍生的不饱和树脂;以及选自由(甲基)丙烯酸苯氧基苄基酯、(甲基)丙烯酸苯基苯氧基乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸苯基硫代乙酯,以及它们的混合物组成的组中的至少一种。
11.根据权利要求9所述的光学膜,其中,所述组合物进一步包含酯反应性添加剂和硅酮反应性树脂中的至少一种。
12.一种光学膜用树脂组合物,包含:
发光材料,包括荧光材料和磷光材料中的至少一种;
UV-可固化的不饱和化合物;以及
引发剂。
13.根据权利要求12所述的树脂组合物,进一步包含:酯反应性树脂和硅酮反应性树脂中的至少一种。
14.一种光学显示装置,包含根据权利要求1所述的光学膜。
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