CN103981834A - Small-flow river water cleaning and pollution stopping system - Google Patents
Small-flow river water cleaning and pollution stopping system Download PDFInfo
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- CN103981834A CN103981834A CN201410232477.2A CN201410232477A CN103981834A CN 103981834 A CN103981834 A CN 103981834A CN 201410232477 A CN201410232477 A CN 201410232477A CN 103981834 A CN103981834 A CN 103981834A
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Abstract
A small-flow river water cleaning and pollution stopping system comprises shore-based ecological beds, relaxation hydrophilic tribunes, ecological filtering beds and diversion rubber dams. The shore-based ecological beds are arranged on two shores of the river and in a slope structure, the shore-based ecological beds and water are separated through the relaxation hydrophilic tribunes, filtering layers are arranged on the side of the shore-based ecological beds, which are in contact with the relaxation hydrophilic tribunes, and a plurality of drainage openings are formed in the bottom of the relaxation hydrophilic tribunes. The ecological filtering beds are arranged in the water of the river and close to the sides of the shores, the middle of the two ecological filtering beds is a central region of the river, and the ecological filtering beds and the river central region are separated by permeable retaining walls and the diversion rubber dams on the permeable retaining walls. The ecological filtering beds are divided into upper and lower layers, filtering material layers are arranged on the lower layers, and soil layers are arranged on the upper layers. The ecological filtering beds are in rectangular or cambered structures and opened towards the river upstream direction to collect water from the upstream.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to water environment treatment and River ecological restoration: techniques basin, especially a kind of low discharge river water cleaning and pollution intercepting system.
Background technology
The flow in some rivers is less, or along with the situation that discharge is less appears in the conversion in season within a period of time, and the rainfall runoff of two sides, farmland water-break and some other effluent discharge cause the accumulation of pollutant in river environment, the degree of contamination in river is constantly increased the weight of, water environment day by day worsens, and human settlement's quality also progressively declines.
The method of existing river improvement mainly contains physical method, chemical method and ecological restoring method, and every kind of method has advantage and strong point, also Shortcomings and defect.
Along with people improve day by day to the understanding of ecological environment; river improvement engineering more and more receives publicity; people start to respect and protect natural character and the ecological functions in river; guaranteeing under the prerequisite of letting out under security against flood; by adopting some complex repairation technology and method, recover physical feature and the bio-diversity in river; create the Waterfront Space that is rich in temperament and interest in the Nature, realize the harmonious development in people and river.
The structure > > in the clear water river course that the muddy water river course remold of Chinese patent < < low discharge is ecoscape (application number: the ecological engineering structure in the clear water river course that the river course remold that 201220680574.4) discloses a kind of low discharge is ecoscape, comprise the sedimentation basin, filtering ponds and the clear water river course that are arranged on muddy water river course, by to the precipitation of muddy water, filtration, realize river water purification.This patent of invention clean-up effect is obvious, but this patent exists following defect: 1. larger to the environment change in former river and disturbance, destroyed ecosystem environment; 2. engineering quantity is larger; 3. the ecosystem is dull; 4. poor with the degrees of coordination of two sides, river view.
Chinese patent < < riverway water quality purification and ecosystem restoration adjustable wetland technology > > (application number: 200910015968.0) disclose a kind of riverway water quality purification and ecosystem restoration adjustable wetland technology, this technology is that adjustable for height rubber dam is set in river course, at the upstream on dam planting plants, form artificial swamp, realize river water purification.This patent of invention is easy and simple to handle, and effect is remarkable, but this patent exists following defect: 1. changed flow velocity, the flow in river completely, destroyed biological original living environment; 2. cause the downstream water yield of rubber dam to lack, even dry; 3. the ecological environment in rubber dam downstream can further worsen.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: in order to overcome and to solve low discharge river water cleaning and pollute the problem of intercept process and the defect that foregoing invention exists, the invention provides a kind of simple to operate, invest less low discharge river water cleaning and pollute intercepting system engineering, can purifying river water, maintenance greenery patches, also can some pollutions be tackled and be purified, do not affect again the normal flood discharge in river, reach simultaneously river, bank harmony, beautify the environment.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: low discharge river water cleaning of the present invention and pollute intercepting system and comprise: bank base is ecological bed, the hydrophilic Lang Tai that lies fallow, ecological filter bed, minute water rubber dam.
Described bank base is ecological bed be positioned at whole low discharge river water cleaning and pollute intercepting system engineering top, river two on the bank, be ramp type structure, and be arranged in parallel with river course, bottom and water body are separated by the hydrophilic Lang Tai that lies fallow; The ecological bed lower floor of bank base is impervious barrier, and for reducing cost, described impervious barrier can adopt rammed earth, and impervious barrier top is arable layer, and arable layer is mixed by element soil and riverway sludge; The side that the hydrophilic Lang Tai of the ecological bed and described leisure of bank base contacts is provided with filtration beds, and described filtration beds is formed by cobble or rock filling.
The hydrophilic Lang Tai of described leisure is made by non-fine concrete, be arranged in parallel with river course.
As preferably, between the hydrophilic Lang Tai of described leisure and riverbank, be also provided with some People's Bank of China step, facilitate the management of system and pedestrian to visit walking.
Particularly, the ecological bed construction of described bank base is implemented as follows:
(1) measure, calculate length, the gradient of bank slope, determine the structure that bank base is ecological bed;
(2)) peel off the topsoil of works area, stripping depth is 0.5～1.2 meter; Bank slope element soil after peeling off is tamped to antiseepage;
(3) the construction hydrophilic Lang Tai that lies fallow, the height of the hydrophilic Lang Tai of described leisure and width are according to local design of land, and the platform stage body bottom, hydrophilic corridor of lying fallow arranges outfall every 1～2 meter; Preferably, the abundant combination of the design of the hydrophilic Lang Tai that lies fallow and geographical terrain, beautifies the environment, and can be designed to the hydrophilic gallery that people lie fallow and take a walk;
(4), along leisure hydrophilic Lang Tai and ecological bed body of wall bottom filling cobble or the rubble contacting of bank base, cobble or rubble, as filtration beds, filter the leakage water from the ecological bed body soil of bank base, prevent from stopping up the outfall of the hydrophilic Lang Tai of leisure;
(5) the element soil that filling is peeled off on impervious barrier, the filling thickness of element soil is 0.2～0.4 meter;
(6) mud in filling river course on plain soil, the filling thickness of mud is 0.1～0.3 meter;
(7) on mud, cover the element soil of peeling off, the filling thickness of element soil is 0.2～0.4 meter again.
(8) seed selection plant; The plant of the ecological bed seed selection of bank base should meet the following requirements: 1. durability against pollution is strong; 2. adopt Native species, because of soil plantation, suit measures to local conditions; 3. resistance against diseases is strong; 4. be easy to results, be convenient to dispose; 5. well developed root system, cauline leaf is dense; 6. in city, take and view and admire as main, at the economic use value of suburb and rural area plant, want high.
The described ecological filter bed water body that is arranged in river, by riverain one side, two centers that ecological filter bed centre is river, are ecological filter bedly separated by the water rubber dam that divides on permeable barricade and permeable barricade with the center in river; Ecological filter bedly be divided into two-layerly up and down, lower floor is filter material layer, and upper strata is soil horizon; Described ecological filter bed be rectangle or arcuate structure, towards upper river direction opening, to receive the river from upstream.
Particularly, described ecological filter bed construction is implemented as follows:
1) measure, calculate the width in river course, determine ecological filter bed position, structure;
2) river course is carried out to desilting, the mud clearing out is for building the ecological bed arable layer of bank base;
3) the permeable barricade of construction, height and the width of described permeable barricade design according to river topography, and permeable barricade body of wall arranges drain hole every 1～2 meter; Described permeable barricade is made by non-fine concrete;
4) filling cobble or rubble on the bed body between the hydrophilic Lang Tai of leisure and permeable barricade, cobble or rubble are as filter material layer;
5) a minute water rubber dam is installed on permeable barricade;
6) the element soil that filling is peeled off on filter material layer, forms soil horizon, and the filling thickness of element soil is 0.2～0.4 meter;
7) plant of choosing seeds on soil horizon again; According to the depth of water seed selection emergent aquactic plant, floatingleaved plant and the submerged plant in ecological filter bed.
Preferably, the ecological filter bed construction in the ecological bed and river course of bank base should synchronously be carried out, and is convenient to desilting and raises the efficiency.
Particularly; divide water rubber dam to adopt pocket type structure; with high strength synthetic fibre fabric, it is stress frame; inside and outside coating rubber is made topping; be processed into high strength adhesive plaster; be fixed on described permeable barricade, by filling row pipeline filling water or gas, make it expand form checkdam, utilize the water of filling or gas number regulate a minute height for water rubber dam.
Further, can build dash platform between ecological filter bed for described two, dash platform connects together the permeable barricade on both sides, and dash platform is identical with the height of permeable barricade, two minutes water rubber dams of both sides can unite two into one, and make river all flow to the ecological filter bed of both sides; Described dash platform is made by non-fine concrete.
Preferably, ecological filter bed can laying stage by stage according to quality of river water, builds in the poor section of water quality, and with the abundant combination of topography and geomorphology, beautify the environment.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows, river from upper river is shunted by a minute water rubber dam, river enters ecological filter bed, conversion is held back, adsorbs, shifts, absorbed to soil in ecological filter bed, microorganism, plant etc. to the pollutant in river, through ecological filter bed middle filter material layer, filter, the water after purifying enters the center in river again by the drain hole of permeable barricade again; Utilize early-stage rainwater and other sewage on the ecological bed receiving of bank base ground, through bank base, ecological bed purification reaches the interception of pollution and the object of purification; The ecological filter bed ecological bed filtered water of bank base of also receiving, further purifies and discharges described filtered water simultaneously.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further described.
Fig. 1 is the schematic cross-sectional view of specific embodiments of the invention 1;
Fig. 2 is the top view of specific embodiments of the invention 1;
Fig. 3 is the top view of specific embodiments of the invention 2;
In figure: 1. bank base is ecological bed, 2. the hydrophilic Lang Tai of leisure, 3. ecological filter bed, 4. minute water rubber dam, 5. impervious barrier, 6. arable layer, 7. filtration beds, 8. People's Bank of China's step, 9. outfall, the 10. center in river, 11. permeable barricades, 12. filter material layers, 13. soil horizons, 14. dash platforms, 15. drain holes
The specific embodiment
In conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the present invention is further detailed explanation.These accompanying drawings are the schematic diagram of simplification, basic structure of the present invention is only described in a schematic way, so it only show the formation relevant with the present invention.
Embodiment 1
As illustrated in fig. 1 and 2, a kind of low discharge river water cleaning and pollute intercepting system, comprising: bank base is ecological bed 1, the hydrophilic corridor platform 2 that lies fallow, ecological filter bed 3, minute water rubber dam 4.
Described bank base ecological bed 1 be positioned at whole low discharge river water cleaning and pollute the top of intercepting system engineering, river two on the bank, be ramp type structure, and be arranged in parallel with river course, bottom and water body are separated by the hydrophilic corridor platform 2 that lies fallow; The lower floor of bank base ecological bed 1 is impervious barrier 5, and for reducing cost, described impervious barrier can adopt rammed earth, and impervious barrier top is arable layer 6, and arable layer 6 is mixed by element soil and riverway sludge; Bank base ecological bed 1 is provided with filtration beds 7 with the side that the hydrophilic corridor of described leisure platform 2 contacts, and described filtration beds 7 is formed by cobble or rock filling.
The hydrophilic corridor of described leisure platform 2 is made by non-fine concrete, be arranged in parallel with river course.
As preferably, between the hydrophilic corridor of described leisure platform 2 and riverbank, be also provided with some People's Bank of China step 8, facilitate the management of system and pedestrian to visit walking.
Described ecological filter bed 3 are arranged in the water body in river, and by riverain one side, two ecological filter bed 3 centres are the center 10 in river, and ecological filter bed 3 are separated by minute water rubber dam 4 on permeable barricade 11 and permeable barricade 11 with the center 10 in river; Ecological filter bed 3 are divided into two-layerly up and down, and lower floor is filter material layer 12, and upper strata is soil horizon 13; Described ecological filter bed 3 is rectangle or arcuate structure, towards upper river direction opening, to receive the river from upstream.
Particularly; divide water rubber dam 4 to adopt pocket type structures; with high strength synthetic fibre fabric, it is stress frame; inside and outside coating rubber is made topping; be processed into high strength adhesive plaster; be fixed on permeable barricade 11, by filling row pipeline filling water or gas, make it expand form checkdam, utilize the water of filling or gas number regulate a minute height for water rubber dam 4.
Embodiment 2
As shown in Figure 3, further improvement as embodiment 1, between described two ecological filter bed 3, can build dash platform 14, dash platform 14 connects together the permeable barricade 11 on both sides, dash platform 14 is identical with the height of permeable barricade 11, two minutes water rubber dams 4 of both sides, river course can unite two into one on dash platform 14, make river all flow to ecological filter bed 3 of both sides; Described dash platform 14 is made by non-fine concrete.
Particularly, the construction of above-mentioned bank base ecological bed 1 is implemented as follows:
(1) measure, calculate length, the gradient of bank slope, determine the structure of bank base ecological bed 1;
(2)) peel off the topsoil of works area, stripping depth is 0.5～1.2 meter; Bank slope element soil after peeling off is tamped to antiseepage;
(3) the construction hydrophilic corridor platform 2 that lies fallow, the height of the hydrophilic corridor of described leisure platform 2 and width are according to local design of land, and stage body 2 bottoms, hydrophilic corridor of lying fallow arrange outfall 9 every 1～2 meter; Preferably, the design of the hydrophilic corridor platform 2 that lies fallow and the abundant combination of geographical terrain, beautify the environment, and can be designed to the hydrophilic gallery that people lie fallow and take a walk;
(4) the body of wall bottom filling cobble or the rubble that along the hydrophilic corridor of leisure platform 2, contact with bank base ecological bed 1, cobble or rubble, as filtration beds 7, filter the leakage water from the ecological bed body soil of bank base, prevent from stopping up the outfall 9 of the hydrophilic Lang Tai of leisure; Described filtration beds 7 is higher than the outfall 9 of the hydrophilic Lang Tai of leisure;
(5) the element soil that filling is peeled off on impervious barrier 5, the filling thickness of element soil is 0.2～0.4 meter;
(6) mud in filling river course on plain soil, the filling thickness of mud is 0.1～0.3 meter;
(7) on mud, cover the element soil of peeling off, the filling thickness of element soil is 0.2～0.4 meter again.
(8) seed selection plant; The plant of ecological bed 1 seed selection of bank base should meet the following requirements: 1. durability against pollution is strong; 2. adopt Native species, because of soil plantation, suit measures to local conditions; 3. resistance against diseases is strong; 4. be easy to results, be convenient to dispose; 5. well developed root system, cauline leaf is dense; 6. in city, take and view and admire as main, at the economic use value of suburb and rural area plant, want high.
Particularly, above-mentioned ecological filter bed 3 construction is implemented as follows:
1) measure, calculate the width in river course, determine ecological filter bed 3 position, structure;
2) river course is carried out to desilting, the mud clearing out is for building the arable layer 6 of bank base ecological bed 1;
3) the permeable barricade 11 of construction, height and the width of described permeable barricade 11 design according to river topography, and the body of wall of permeable barricade 11 arranges some drain holes 15 every 1～2 meter; Described permeable barricade 11 is made by non-fine concrete;
4) filling cobble or rubble on the bed body between leisure hydrophilic corridor platform 2 and permeable barricade 11, cobble or rubble are as filter material layer 12;
5) a minute water rubber dam 4 is installed on permeable barricade 11;
6) the element soil that filling is peeled off on filter material layer 12, forms soil horizon 13, and the filling thickness of element soil is 0.2～0.4 meter;
7) plant of choosing seeds on soil horizon 13 again; According to the depth of water seed selection emergent aquactic plant, floatingleaved plant and the submerged plant in ecological filter bed 3.
Preferably, bank base ecological bed 1 and ecological filter bed 3 construction should synchronously be carried out, and are convenient to desilting, to raise the efficiency.
Preferably, ecological filter bed 3 can lay stage by stage according to quality of river water, in the poor section of water quality, build, and with the abundant combination of topography and geomorphology, beautify the environment.
River from upper river is shunted by minute water rubber dam 4, river enters ecological filter bed 3, conversion is held back, adsorbs, shifts, absorbed to soil in ecological filter bed 3, microorganism, plant etc. to the pollutant in river, through ecological filter bed middle filter material layer 12, filter, the water after purifying enters the center 10 in river again by the drain hole 15 of permeable barricade 11 again; Utilize bank base ecological bed 1 to receive early-stage rainwater and other sewage on ground, the purification of process bank base ecological bed 1 reaches the object to the interception of pollutant and purification; Ecological filter bed 3 filtered water of also receiving bank base ecological bed 1, further purify and discharge described filtered water simultaneously.
The above-mentioned foundation desirable embodiment of the present invention of take is enlightenment, and by above-mentioned description, relevant staff can, within not departing from the scope of this invention technological thought, carry out various change and modification completely.The technical scope of this invention is not limited to the content on manual, must determine its technical scope according to claim scope.
Claims (5)
1. low discharge river water cleaning and pollute an intercepting system, is characterized in that: comprise bank base ecological bed (1), the hydrophilic Lang Tai (2) that lies fallow, ecological filter bed (3), minute water rubber dam (4);
Described bank base ecological bed (1) be positioned at whole low discharge river water cleaning and pollute the top of intercepting system engineering, river two on the bank, be ramp type structure, and be arranged in parallel with river course, bottom and water body are separated by the hydrophilic Lang Tai (2) that lies fallow; The lower floor of bank base ecological bed (1) is impervious barrier (5), and for reducing cost, described impervious barrier can adopt rammed earth, and impervious barrier top is arable layer (6), and arable layer (6) is mixed by element soil and riverway sludge; The side that bank base ecological bed (1) contacts with the hydrophilic Lang Tai of described leisure (2) is provided with filtration beds (7), and described filtration beds (7) is formed by cobble or rock filling;
The hydrophilic Lang Tai of described leisure (2) is made by non-fine concrete, be arranged in parallel with river course;
Described ecological filter bed (3) are arranged in the water body in river, by riverain one side, in the middle of two ecological filter bed (3), be the center (10) in river, ecological filter bed (3) are separated by minute water rubber dam (4) on permeable barricade (11) and permeable barricade (11) with the center (10) in river; Ecological filter bed (3) are divided into two-layer up and down, and lower floor is filter material layer (12), and upper strata is soil horizon (13); Described ecological filter bed (3) are rectangle or arcuate structure, towards upper river direction opening, to receive the river from upstream;
Described minute water rubber dam (4) be pocket type structure; with high strength synthetic fibre fabric, it is stress frame; inside and outside coating rubber is made topping; be processed into high strength adhesive plaster; be fixed on permeable barricade (11); by filling row pipeline filling water or gas, make it expand form checkdam, utilize the water of filling or gas number regulate a minute height for water rubber dam (4).
2. low discharge river water cleaning according to claim 1 and pollution intercepting system, is characterized in that: the construction of described bank base ecological bed (1) is implemented as follows:
(i) measure, calculate length, the gradient of bank slope, determine the structure of bank base ecological bed (1);
(ii) peel off the topsoil of works area, stripping depth is 0.5～1.2 meter; Bank slope element soil after peeling off is tamped to antiseepage;
(iii) the construction hydrophilic Lang Tai (2) that lies fallow, the height of the hydrophilic Lang Tai of described leisure (2) and width are according to local design of land, and hydrophilic corridor stage body (2) bottom of lying fallow arranges outfall (9) every 1～2 meter; Preferably, the design of the hydrophilic Lang Tai (2) that lies fallow and the abundant combination of geographical terrain, beautify the environment, and can be designed to the hydrophilic gallery that people lie fallow and take a walk;
(iv) the body of wall bottom filling cobble or the rubble that along the hydrophilic Lang Tai of leisure (2), contact with bank base ecological bed (1), cobble or rubble are as filtration beds (7), filtration is from the leakage water of the ecological bed body soil of bank base, described filtration beds (7), higher than the outfall (9) of the hydrophilic Lang Tai of leisure, prevents from stopping up the outfall (9) of the hydrophilic Lang Tai of leisure;
(v) the element soil of peeling off in the upper filling of impervious barrier (5), the filling thickness of element soil is 0.2～0.4 meter;
(vi) the mud in filling river course on plain soil, the filling thickness of mud is 0.1～0.3 meter;
(vii) on mud, cover the element soil of peeling off, the filling thickness of element soil is 0.2～0.4 meter again;
(viii) the plant of choosing seeds; The plant of bank base ecological bed (1) seed selection should meet the following requirements: 1. durability against pollution is strong; 2. adopt Native species, because of soil plantation, suit measures to local conditions; 3. resistance against diseases is strong; 4. be easy to results, be convenient to dispose; 5. well developed root system, cauline leaf is dense; 6. in city, take and view and admire as main, at the economic use value of suburb and rural area plant, want high.
3. low discharge river water cleaning according to claim 1 and pollution intercepting system, is characterized in that: the construction of described ecological filter bed (3) is implemented as follows:
1) measure, calculate the width in river course, determine position, the structure of ecological filter bed (3);
2) river course is carried out to desilting, the mud clearing out is for building the arable layer (6) of bank base ecological bed (1);
3) the permeable barricade of construction (11), height and the width of described permeable barricade (11) design according to river topography, and the body of wall of permeable barricade (11) arranges some drain holes (15) every 1～2 meter; Described permeable barricade (11) is made by non-fine concrete;
4) filling cobble or rubble on the bed body between leisure hydrophilic Lang Tai (2) and permeable barricade (11), cobble or rubble are as filter material layer (12);
5) at the upper minute water rubber dam (4) of installing of permeable barricade (11);
6) the element soil of peeling off in the upper filling of filter material layer (12), forms soil horizon (13), and the filling thickness of element soil is 0.2～0.4 meter;
7) again the upper seed selection of soil horizon (13) plant; According to the depth of water seed selection emergent aquactic plant, floatingleaved plant and the submerged plant in ecological filter bed (3).
4. low discharge river water cleaning according to claim 1 and pollution intercepting system, is characterized in that: between the hydrophilic Lang Tai of described leisure (2) and riverbank, be also provided with some People's Bank of China steps (8).
5. low discharge river water cleaning according to claim 1 and pollute intercepting system, is characterized in that: described ecological filter bed can laying stage by stage according to quality of river water, in the section that water quality is poor, build, and with the abundant combination of topography and geomorphology, beautify the environment.
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| CN104631380A (en) * | 2015-02-09 | 2015-05-20 | 东南大学 | Shore type ladder-grade two-dimensional surface flow water filtering riverbed in-situ ecological remediation method |
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