CN205604174U - Constructed wetland bank protection - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model is an artificial wetland slope protection. A three-stage series-connected stepped concrete purification tank is arranged along the river bank to the river embankment at the point source sewage outlet, and the tank bed is filled with gravel-bacteria group layer, sand pebble layer and soil layer respectively from bottom to top. , the groove bed is surrounded by an impermeable concrete retaining wall, and the height of the retaining wall at the hydraulic connection of the upper and lower purification tanks is slightly lower, so that the sewage can follow the S-shaped flow path of the purification tank and flow at the bottom of the common retaining wall of the upper and lower purification tanks Arrange a row of drainage pipes. One end of the drainage pipes is connected to the gravel-bacteria group layer of the upper-level grooved bed, and an anti-corrosion filter is installed at the place where the water flows into the pipe, extending upwards to about 10cm above the surface of the lower-level grooved bed, and vertically passing through the retaining wall. It is convenient to discharge the sewage after the sediment particles have settled, and corresponding plants are planted in each stage of the purification tank in different seasons, so as to give full play to the role of the bank slope in cleaning pollution and landscape.

Description

A kind of artificial wetland slope protection

technical field

The utility model relates to an artificial wetland slope protection which can integrate point and area source pollution control, water quality purification and landscape.

Background technique

In recent years, the deterioration of the water quality of rivers in my country has become prominent, and the water ecosystem has been seriously damaged, which has brought great impact on people's production and life. The fundamental reason for the deterioration of water quality lies in the discharge of pollutants. Since the wetland ecosystem can comprehensively use physical, chemical and biological methods to filter, absorb and utilize, absorb and degrade pollutants in water bodies, it can also green the environment. More and more attention has been paid to slope construction. Prolonging the residence time of sewage in wetland can effectively improve the cleaning efficiency of wetland. The selection of suitable aquatic plants at different water levels in different seasons can give full play to the cleaning effect of slope wetlands.

Utility model content

The purpose of this utility model is to design a synthetic wetland slope protection integrating point, area source pollution control, water quality purification and landscape.

A kind of artificial wetland slope protection, characterized in that three-stage series-connected stepped concrete purification tanks are arranged along the river bank to the embankment at the point source sewage outlet, and are respectively the first-level purification tank, the second-level purification tank and the third-level purification tank from top to bottom. Slot; each level of purification tank bed is surrounded by a retaining wall made of impermeable concrete, the height of the retaining wall is the same as the height of the river bank, and the retaining wall of each level of purification tank is parallel to the direction of the river and close to the water surface than that of the level The surface of the septic tank bed is about 30cm higher. The structure of the retaining walls on both sides of the septic tanks at all levels perpendicular to the direction of the river is symmetrical. They are all trapezoidal retaining walls; on the side of the common retaining wall of the upper and lower purification tanks, the hydraulic connection of the upper and lower purification tanks is set, and the height of the retaining wall at the hydraulic connection of the upper and lower purification tanks is slightly lower; at the bottom of the common retaining wall of the upper and lower purification tanks Arrange a row of drainage pipes and set up an anti-corrosion filter screen at the place where the water flows into the pipe; each level of purification tank is filled with gravel-bacteria group layer, sand and pebble layer and soil layer from bottom to top; plant. The drainage pipes are arranged in an inverted L shape, and the drainage pipes extend upwards to about 10 cm above the surface of the lower grooved bed, and are fixed vertically through the retaining wall. The gravel-bacteria group layer filled in the purification tank bed is a microbial group composed of one or more of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, Serratia, nitrifying bacteria and lactic acid bacteria added to the gravel layer.

The construction method includes the following steps:

A. Set three-stage series-connected stepped concrete purification tanks along the river bank to the embankment at the point source sewage outlet, from top to bottom are the first-level purification tank, the second-level purification tank and the third-level purification tank; There is an impermeable concrete retaining wall. The height of the retaining wall along the river bank is the same as that of the river bank. The height of the retaining wall at the hydraulic connection of the upper and lower purification tanks is slightly lower. An anti-corrosion filter is installed at the water inlet pipe;

B. Fill the gravel-bacteria group layer, sand pebble layer and soil layer from bottom to top in the bed of each level of purification tank;

C. Plant adaptive plants in the purification tanks at all levels.

The drainage pipe described in step A is arranged in an inverted L shape, the uppermost end of the drainage pipe is 10 cm above the surface of the lower grooved bed, and is fixed vertically through the retaining wall.

The gravel-bacteria group layer filled in the purification tank bed described in step B is a microbial group composed of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, Serratia, nitrifying bacteria, lactic acid bacteria and other beneficial bacteria added to the gravel layer.

Plant plants in all levels of septic tanks described in step C. When the water level is higher in the flood season, plant emergent plants and floating leaf plants from the top to the next level of septic tanks, secondary septic tanks, and tertiary septic tanks. For submerged plants, when the water level is low, the first and second septic tanks can be replaced with amphibians with better pollution resistance. , plant submerged plants with good frost resistance and clean pollution in the three-stage purification tank.

The utility model has the following advantages:

(1) A three-stage cascaded stepped purification tank is set up along the river bank to the embankment at the point source sewage outlet. The unique retaining wall structure around the tank bed of the purification tank enables point source and non-point source sewage to flow along the purification tank in an S-shape The road prolongs the water flow path of the sewage on the limited bank slope area, increases the residence time of the sewage in the wetland, and greatly enhances the purification effect.

(2) The height of the retaining wall at the hydraulic connection of the upper and lower purification tanks is slightly lower, but higher than the soil level of the purification tank at this level, which can promote the sedimentation of soil particles and effectively prevent the erosion of soil particles to the next purification tank.

(3) The particle size of the filling in the purification tank gradually increases from top to bottom to form a reverse filter layer, which promotes the infiltration of water and effectively prevents the loss of soil particles to the lower layer. The lower gravel layer is added with nitrogen-fixing bacteria and Serratia bacteria, nitrifying bacteria, lactic acid bacteria and other beneficial bacteria, which can further play the role of microorganisms in purifying pollutants.

(4) The drainage pipe is arranged in an inverted L shape, and an anti-corrosion filter is installed at the place where the water flows into the pipe. After the sewage is filtered through the anti-corrosion filter, the purified water in the lower layer of the filler is transported upward through the principle of a connector, while the sediment particles are Downward movement can effectively prevent sediment particles from clogging the drainage pipe.

(5) The bank slope wetland has strong practicability in different seasons and different water levels. During the period of high water level, even if there is no external source input, the aquatic plants in the purification tank can also play a good role in cleaning pollution and landscape.

Description of drawings

Attached Figure 1 - top view of constructed wetland slope protection.

Attached Figure 2—Schematic diagram of the structure of purification tanks at all levels.

Accompanying drawing 3—A-A sectional view of the purification tank structure at all levels.

detailed description

The utility model will be further described below in conjunction with the embodiments and accompanying drawings, but the embodiments in the drawings do not constitute any limitation to the utility model.

The utility model is as shown in Figures 1 to 3, wherein the reference numerals are as follows:

1 point source sewage outlet; 2 surface source sewage outlet; 1-1 first-level purification tank; 1-2 second-level purification tank; 1-3 third-level purification tank; The retaining walls on both sides perpendicular to the river bank, 3-2 secondary purification tanks perpendicular to the retaining walls on both sides of the river bank, 3-3 third-level purification tanks perpendicular to the retaining walls on both sides of the river bank; 3-4 retaining walls along the river bank ;3-5 The retaining wall of the purification tanks at all levels parallel to the direction of the river and close to the water surface; 4 The hydraulic joint of the upper and lower purification tanks; 5 The surface of the tank bed; Plants; 10 drainage pipes; 11 anti-corrosion filters.

(1) as shown in accompanying drawing 1, it is the top view of slope protection of constructed wetland of the present utility model, and the leftmost is the first-level purification tank 1-1, and the side of the first-level purification tank 1-1 is close to the point source blowdown outlet 1, and The first-level purification tank is close to the surface source sewage outlet 2 as a whole, the second-level purification tank 1-2 is in the middle, and the third-level purification tank 1-3 is on the far right. The bed area of the first-level purification tank 1-1, the second-level purification tank 1-2 and the third-level purification tank 1-3 is 10m*1m, and the tank bed of the first-level purification tank 1-1 is 30cm lower than the bank slope. The tank bed of the purification tank 1-2 is 30cm lower than the primary purification tank 1-1, and the tank bed of the third-level purification tank 1-3 is 30cm lower than the secondary purification tank 1-2.

(2) The arrangement of retaining walls around the grooved bed is characterized in that: the retaining wall 3 around the grooved bed adopts an impermeable concrete structure, and the thickness of the retaining wall is 10 cm. The height of the retaining wall 3-4 along the river bank is equal to the height of the river bank. The retaining walls 3-5 of the purification tanks at all levels are parallel to the direction of the river and close to the water surface. The structure of the retaining walls on both sides perpendicular to the direction of the river is symmetrical. The retaining walls 3-1 on both sides of the primary purification tank are rectangular retaining walls with length*height=1cm*0.75cm. The retaining walls 3-2 on both sides of the secondary purification tank and the three The retaining walls 3-3 on both sides of the stage purification tank are trapezoidal retaining walls with upper bottom*lower bottom*height=1.05m*0.75m*1m. On one side of the shared retaining wall of the upper and lower purification tanks, set up the upper and lower purification tank hydraulic joints 4, the length of the retaining wall at the upper and lower purification tank hydraulic joints 4 is about 1m, and the height of the retaining wall is about 15cm higher than the surface 5 of the upper tank bed , in order to facilitate the overflow of sewage after sedimentation.

(3) The tank bed filling structure of the purification tank is characterized by: the bottom layer is a gravel-bacteria group layer 6, and the thickness is 15cm, filled with gravel, zeolite and loaded with nitrogen-fixing bacteria, Serratia, nitrifying bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, etc. Microbial flora composed of bacteria. The middle layer is a sandy pebble layer 7 with a thickness of 15 cm, filled with sandy pebbles with a slightly smaller particle size. The upper layer is a soil layer 8 with a thickness of 15 cm, filled with humus, and plants 9 are planted on the humus.

(4) The characteristics of the arrangement of the drainage pipes are: along the common retaining wall of the upper and lower purification tanks, a drainage hole is set every 1m, the shape of the drainage pipe 10 is an inverted L shape, the diameter is 6cm, and one end of the drainage pipe 10 is connected to the upper tank The gravel-bacterium group layer of the bed, and anti-corrosion filter screen 11 is set at the water flow inlet pipe place, extends upwards 20cm, to about 10cm above the lower level groove bed surface 5, then turns 90 ° and vertically inserts in the drainage hole and fixes.

(5) The selection characteristics of the various levels of purification tank plants 9 are: at different water levels in different seasons, the bank slope can play a role in cleaning pollution and landscape. Emergent plants (reeds, cattails, etc.), floating leaf plants (water hyacinth, king lotus, etc.), submerged plants (hornwort, Hydrilla verticillium, etc.), When the water level is low, the first and second septic tanks can be replaced with amphibians with better pollution resistance. In winter, evergreen plants with better pollution tolerance can be planted in the first and second septic tanks. Plant submerged plants (Elodea, Jucao, etc.) with good frost resistance and clean pollution in the purification tank.

Example 1: Removal effect on non-point source pollutants

The demonstration project of this utility model is located on a section of the river next to Beiqiao Park, Runan County, Zhumadian City. During the rainfall period, the four pollution indicators of TN, TP, SS, and COD in the water samples of the project and the water samples of the project were measured. The contents of TN, TP, SS and COD in the water samples are 1.33mg/L, 0.25mg/L, 758mg/L and 23mg/L respectively, and the contents of TN, TP, SS and COD in the effluent samples are 0.53mg respectively /L, 0.08mg/L, 227.4mg/L, 8.51mg/L, the removal rates of the corresponding pollutants were 60%, 67%, 70%, 63%, the results showed that the bank slope wetland has a great effect on non-point source pollutants Good removal effect.

Embodiment 2: to the removal effect of point source pollutant

In order to further confirm the effect of the demonstration project, the team used a submersible pump to draw river water, and discharged it at the point source discharge outlet as a project influent water sample to analyze the purification effect of the project on point source pollutants. The results show that the contents of TN, TP, SS and COD in the project influent water samples are 1.5mg/L, 0.3mg/L, 703mg/L, 28mg/L respectively, and the TN, TP, SS and COD in the effluent water samples The contents were 0.5mg/L, 0.09mg/L, 175.75mg/L, 9.8mg/L, and the removal rates of corresponding pollutants were 67%, 69%, 75%, 65%. Point source pollutants are also well removed.

Note:

TN—total nitrogen in water;

TP—total phosphorus in water;

SS—total suspended solids in water;

COD—chemical oxygen demand in water;

The above is only a detailed description of the specific embodiments of the present invention, and does not limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made on the design ideas of the present invention should be included in the present invention. within the scope of protection of utility models.

Claims (4)

1. A kind of artificial wetland slope protection, it is characterized in that: at the point source sewage outlet (1) place, along the river bank to the embankment, three levels of series-connected stepped concrete septic tanks are set, and from top to bottom are respectively one-level septic tanks (1-1 ), secondary septic tanks (1-2) and tertiary septic tanks (1-3); each level of septic tank beds are surrounded by retaining walls (3) made of impermeable concrete; On one side of the common retaining wall of the purification tanks, the upper and lower purification tanks are connected hydraulically (4), and a row of drainage pipes (10) is arranged at the bottom of the common retaining wall of the upper and lower purification tanks, and an anti-corrosion filter (11) is installed at the water inlet pipe. ); each level of purification tank is filled with gravel-bacteria group layer (6), sand and pebble layer (7) and soil layer (8) from bottom to top; plants (9) are planted in all levels of purification tank. 2. A kind of artificial wetland slope protection according to claim 1, characterized in that: the surrounding retaining wall (3) of the grooved bed comprises a retaining wall (3-4) along the river bank, and a retaining wall (3-4) along the river bank The height of -4) is equal to the height of the river bank. The retaining walls (3-5) of the purification tanks at all levels are parallel to the direction of the river and close to the water surface. The structure of the retaining walls on both sides in the direction of the river is symmetrical, the retaining walls (3-1) on both sides of the primary purification tank are rectangular retaining walls, and the retaining walls (3-2) on both sides of the second 3) The retaining walls (3-3) on both sides are trapezoidal retaining walls; the height of the retaining wall at the hydraulic joint (4) of the upper and lower purification tanks is slightly lower than the height of the common retaining wall of the upper and lower purification tanks. 3. A kind of artificial wetland slope protection according to claim 1, characterized in that: the drainpipe (10) is arranged in an inverted L shape, the uppermost end of the drainpipe is 10 cm higher than the surface of the lower groove bed, and vertically passes through the barrier fixed in the wall. 4. A kind of artificial wetland slope protection according to claim 1, characterized in that: the plants planted in the purification tanks at all levels, when the water level in the flood season is high, the plants from the upper to the lower purification tanks (1-1) Emergent plants, floating leaf plants and submerged plants are planted respectively in the secondary septic tank (1-2) and the tertiary septic tank (1-3); when the water level is low, the primary septic tank (1-1) and secondary purification tanks (1-2) can be replaced with amphibians; when it is winter, evergreen plants can be planted in the first-level purification tanks (1-1) and the second-level purification tanks (1-2), Submerged plants are planted in the third stage septic tank (1-3).