CN103975692A - Cotton boll separating and conveying device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a cotton boll separating and conveying device, which belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery. The device includes a cotton delivery pipe and a wind accelerator. The lower end of the cotton delivery pipe extends out of the input port. A horizontal cotton picking roller is installed at the lower part of the entrance of the input port. The cotton picking roller has radial cotton picking fingers, and a horizontal peach discharge device is installed in the input port. The lower part of the input port extends an inclined peach-flowing board, and a peach-discharging chamber is formed between the cotton-feeding pipe and the peach-flowing board, and the peach-discharging mouth is formed at the upper end of the peach-flowing board, and a riser is installed at the discharge end of the horizontal peach-discharging device, and a riser of the riser The bottom part is equipped with a peach-throwing device, the peach-throwing device has radial peach-throwing fingers, the upper end of the riser has a peach-discharging mouth, and the peach-discharging mouth is connected with the lower end of the spiral peach conveying device, and the upper end of the spiral peach conveying device has a peach-discharging mouth. The invention realizes the high-efficiency separation and smooth transportation of bolls with a simple and reliable structure through reasonable and ingenious design in a limited space.

Description

A kind of cotton boll separation conveying device

technical field

The invention relates to a cotton harvesting device, in particular to a cotton boll separating and conveying device, which belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery.

Background technique

As far as the applicant is aware, there are two ways of harvesting cotton in the prior art. One is a selective receiver and the other is a unified receiver. Cotton, boll shells and bolls are picked together when the harvester is working, and then impurities such as bolls and boll shells are separated. The existing unified collection cotton harvester is provided with a peach discharge port at the seed cotton output port of the picking platform, and the weight of the bolls is used to make the bolls fall into the ground from the discharge port. Cotton and cotton are easily entangled together during transportation, and it is difficult to completely separate them. As a result, it is inevitable that some cotton will fall into the ground with the bolls from the peach discharge mouth, forming new superimposed losses. According to statistics, the resulting loss of cotton reaches more than 5%. If the peach outlet is closed, the cotton bolls will enter the impurity cleaning device together with the cotton, which will cause the cotton to be dyed and wet, and a large number of bolls will add resistance to the transportation, which will easily cause the cotton pipeline to be blocked and affect the normal operation of the machine.

The search found that the Chinese patent application No. 200610040773.8 disclosed a cotton peach shell separator, including a material receiving tray, a feeding hopper, a separation cylinder, a screw-in peach turning shaft, a screw-in peach turning claw, a separation shaft, and a separation claw , Vibrating screen device, shell hopper, frame, casing, transmission mechanism. This device is essentially a boll sheller. It is mainly used to separate the seed cotton from the peach shell, and the main body of its operation can only be cotton bolls. The Chinese utility model patent with the application number 201020651199.1 discloses a separation device for separating cotton and bolls. The device includes a cleaning chamber with openings on both sides and below. At the openings on both sides of the selection room, the peach collecting box is connected to the cleaning room. The device is installed in the middle of the cotton pipeline, utilizing the principle that bolls are heavier and seed cotton is lighter. Although its structure is simple, it has the following disadvantages: when there are few bolls, the bolls entangled in the seed cotton easily pass through the cleaning room and enter the cleaning device; When there are too many bolls, the seed cotton and bolls will form a blockage here, causing the harvester to fail to work.

In particular, separating and storing bolls prior to delivery is difficult due to the up and down motion of the picking table and the limited ground clearance. The technical solutions of the above two patent applications both adopt the post-mounted cotton boll separation scheme, which results in a great burden on the transportation of seed cotton, but the normal work can be maintained when there are fewer bolls. Once the boll content increases, it is easy to block the cotton transportation pipeline, affecting The cotton picker is working normally.

In addition, the Chinese invention patent of ZL201210014556.7 discloses a cotton boll sorting device, which realizes efficient sorting of cotton bolls with a simple structure. However, this device is located between the cotton delivery pipe and the impurity cleaning device, and its effect is better when the boll opening rate is greater than 90%. When the boll opening rate is less than 90%, due to the more peaches, the airflow is difficult to transport, and the cotton delivery pipe is easily blocked, which affects the normal operation of the cotton picker.

The further improvement of the present invention includes: there are cotton picking fingers distributed at equal intervals in the axial direction between the two ends of the roller shaft of the cotton picking roller. The two ends of the cotton picking finger respectively extend radially from the roller shaft and lean forward toward the direction of rotation. The angular positions of adjacent cotton picking fingers are staggered by 90°. The lower extended line of the air outlet of the wind accelerator is tangent to the circumscribed circle of the cotton picking finger. The peach storage box is arranged under the said peach opening. The inclination angle of the screw peach conveyer is consistent with the cotton conveying pipe.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to: aim at the shortcomings of the prior art above, to propose a cotton boll separation and conveying device that significantly improves the separation effect and ensures smooth transportation without changing the structure of the picking platform and the chassis.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the cotton boll separation and conveying device of the present invention includes a wind accelerator composed of a cotton output pipe (10) at an inclined upper end and a fan. The air outlet of the accelerator faces the upper part of the inlet of the input port, and a rotatable horizontal cotton picking roller (2) is installed at the lower part of the inlet of the input port. The cotton picking roller has radial cotton picking fingers distributed axially at intervals. A horizontal peach discharge device (4) parallel to the cotton picking roller is installed in the input port. The horizontal peach discharge device is composed of a screw conveyor. (8), a peach-discharging cavity containing the horizontal peach-discharging device at its lowest point is formed between the cotton-transporting pipe and the peach-flowing plate, and the peach-discharging mouth leading to the peach-discharging cavity is formed at the upper end of the peach-flowing plate, so The discharge end of the horizontal peach discharger is equipped with an upwardly inclined riser (5), and the lower part of the riser is equipped with a peach dumper coaxial with the horizontal peach discharger, and the peach dumper has an axially spaced distribution. The radial peach removal finger, the upper end of the riser has a downward peach discharge port, and the peach discharge port communicates with the lower end of the screw peach conveyer (6) arranged obliquely, and the upper end of the spiral peach conveyer has a Put the peach mouth down.

When working, the cotton picking roller, peach dumper, and screw peach conveyor are respectively driven to rotate, and the input port as the input end of the cotton peach separating and conveying device is connected with the output port of the picking platform. First, the cotton picking roller is lifted by wind force and gravity The seed cotton and cotton bolls are transported obliquely upward along the cotton pipe and the peach plate respectively. When the cotton bolls reach the peach discharge mouth, they will fall to the peach discharge cavity under the action of gravity and separate from the seed cotton; then, the spiral conveying action of the horizontal peach discharge device Next, the cotton bolls will be forcibly transported to its discharge end; after that, under the centrifugation of the peach-throwing fingers of the peach-slinger, they will reach the lower end of the screw peach conveyor along the riser; finally, the cotton bolls will be transported to the cotton discharge by the screw peach conveyor. mouth, and fell into the outer peach storage box.

The present invention avoids the restrictions of the up and down movement of the picking platform and the ground clearance by setting the lifting pipe, and creates a layout space for the peach conveyer, and effectively completes the seed cotton and cotton bolls before conveying through the picking roller, with the help of wind force and gravity. After separation, the peach discharger and screw conveyer ensure that the separated cotton bolls are discharged in time, thus ensuring the smooth transportation of seed cotton. It can be seen that the present invention realizes efficient separation and smooth transportation of cotton bolls with a simple and reliable structure through reasonable and ingenious design in a limited space.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a top view of the main body of Fig. 1 .

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the cotton transporting tube of the embodiment in Fig. 1 .

Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the cotton picking roller in the embodiment of Fig. 1 .

Fig. 5 is a side view of Fig. 4 .

In the figure: 1 wind accelerator, 2 cotton picking rollers, 3 cotton boll separation pipe, 4 horizontal peach arranging device, 5 lifting pipe, 6 screw peach conveying device, 7 peach storage box, 8 flowing peach plate, 9 row peach mouth, 10 conveying Cotton tube.

Detailed ways

Embodiment one

The cotton boll separating conveying device of the present embodiment, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, comprises the wind accelerator 1 that the upper end that is provided with inclination goes out the cotton delivery pipe 10 and fan and constitutes. The lower end of the cotton delivery pipe 10 extends a gradually expanding bell-shaped input port for connecting with the output port of the picking platform. The air outlet of the wind accelerator 1 faces the upper part of the inlet of the input port. A rotatable horizontal pick roller 2 is installed at the lower part of the entrance of the input port. The cotton picking roller is shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5, between the two end pieces 2-3 of the cotton picking roller shaft 2-1, there are cotton picking fingers 2-2 distributed at equal intervals in the axial direction, and the cotton picking fingers 2-2 The two ends of 2 respectively extend radially from the cotton picking roller shaft 2-1 and lean forward toward the direction of rotation, the angular positions of adjacent cotton picking fingers 2-2 are staggered by 90°, the extension line of the lower side of the air outlet of the wind accelerator 1 is in line with the pick The circumscribed circle of cotton fingers 2-2 is tangent, so that the effect of picking cotton is the most ideal.

The horizontal row peach device 4 that is parallel with cotton picking roller is installed in the input port, and this horizontal row peach device 4 is made of screw conveyor. As shown in Figure 3, the bottom of the input port extends out the inclined peach plate 8 that reaches the top in the horizontal peach arranging device 4. Between the cotton pipe 10 and the peach-flowing plate, a peach-discharging cavity is formed to contain the horizontal peach-discharging device 4 at its lowest point, and the upper end of the peach-flowing plate 8 forms a peach-discharging mouth 9 leading to the peach-discharging cavity. The discharge end of the horizontal peach row device 4 is equipped with an upwardly inclined riser pipe 5, and the bottom of the riser pipe 5 is equipped with a peach getter device coaxial with the horizontal peach row device 4, and the peach getter device has axially equidistantly distributed radial Extend the peach finger (see Figure 2). The upper end of the riser 5 has a downward peach discharge port, which communicates with the lower end of the screw peach conveyer 6 arranged obliquely. Peach Box7. The angle of inclination of screw conveying peach device 6 is consistent with cotton conveying pipe 10.

When working, the seed cotton (including boll shells, bolls and impurities) picked by the picking platform is input into the boll separation pipe from the output port, and the airflow is accelerated by the wind accelerator and then blown in at high speed along the upper part of the boll separation pipe. The seed cotton (including boll shells, bolls and impurities) and impurities in the boll separation tube are stirred up (including the seed cotton wound on the bolls), and the bolls move backward and upward along the bolls. With the blowing of high-speed airflow, negative pressure is formed at the front and lower end of the boll separation pipe, and the stirred-up seed cotton and impurities enter the conveying pipe with the airflow, and are sent to the subsequent on-board cleaning device under the action of wind force. After the cotton bolls move to the end of the cotton dripping board, they lose the supporting force of the airflow, fall into the peach discharge cavity, roll into the horizontal peach discharge device, and discharge to one side into the riser pipe. Under the pressure, it runs upward along the lower wall of the riser, falls into the inlet of the screw peach feeder, and is output to the cotton storage box through the screw peach feeder.

This embodiment realizes the separation of cotton bolls and seed cotton through separation—wind force and gravity, horizontal row of peaches—screw conveying to horizontally discharge cotton bolls to one side of the cotton delivery pipe, and vertical lifting—the horizontally discharged cotton bolls are forcibly lifted to A certain height to solve the problem of limited ground clearance. Cotton boll transportation—after lifting, it creates space for the arrangement of the peach conveyer, and conveys the cotton bolls to the peach storage box through screw conveying. Practice has proved that compared with the prior art, it has the following advantages:

1. The cotton bolls are separated in advance, which reduces the conveying pressure, and the seed cotton is conveyed smoothly and evenly, so as to avoid the failure of the cotton picker due to conveying blockage;

2. The seed cotton is evenly fed, which is beneficial to the improvement of the machine-borne trash removal efficiency, the cleaning effect is good, and the trash content rate of machine-picked cotton is reduced;

3. The cotton bolls are completely separated, and will not be transported to the cleaning device due to winding, which will cause the seed cotton to be dyed and wet, and reduce the quality of the seed cotton;

4. The power consumption is significantly reduced, and the separation is reliable, economical and practical;

5. The recovered cotton bolls are air-dried and reprocessed, and the recovered seed cotton is of considerable value, which can usually increase income by about 5--15%.

Claims (7)

1. a cotton boll separate transfer, comprise be obliquely installed on bring out the wind force accelerator that cotton cotton feeding pipe (10) and blower fan form, it is characterized in that: the input port of flaring is extended in the lower end of described cotton feeding pipe, the air outlet of described wind force accelerator is towards the top, porch of input port, rotatable horizontal cotton selecting roller (2) is installed in the bottom, porch of described input port, the cotton of radially choosing that described cotton selecting roller has axially spaced-apart distribution refers to, the transverse row peach device (4) parallel with cotton selecting roller is installed in described input port, described transverse row peach device is made up of auger conveyor, peach plate (8) is dropped down in the inclination that extend above arriving in transverse row peach device the bottom of described input port, described cotton feeding pipe and drop down between peach plate and to form the row peach chamber that transverse row peach device is included in to its lowest part, the described upper end of dropping down peach plate forms the Pai Taokou that leads to row peach chamber, the outlet side of described transverse row peach device is equipped with towards the riser (5) tilting, the bottom of described riser be equipped with transverse row peach device coaxial get rid of peach device, the described peach utensil that gets rid of has the peach that radially gets rid of of axially spaced-apart distribution to refer to, the upper end of described riser has Pai Taokou down, described row peach mouth is communicated with the lower end of the spiral transferring peach device (6) of tiltably-mounted, the upper end of described spiral transferring peach device have down put peach mouth.

2. cotton boll separate transfer according to claim 1, is characterized in that: between roll shaft two dististyles of described cotton selecting roller, have the cotton of choosing being axially spacedly distributed and refer to.

3. cotton boll separate transfer according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described in choose the two ends that cotton refers to and radially extend and lean forward towards direction of rotation from described roll shaft respectively.

4. according to the cotton boll separate transfer described in claim 1,2,3, it is characterized in that: adjacently choose the angular position that cotton refers to and stagger 90 °.

5. cotton boll separate transfer according to claim 4, is characterized in that: the following extended line of described wind force accelerator air outlet is with to choose the circumcircle that cotton refers to tangent.

6. cotton boll separate transfer according to claim 5, is characterized in that: described in put under peach mouth and settle Chu Taoxiang.

7. cotton boll separate transfer according to claim 6, is characterized in that: the angle of inclination of described spiral transferring peach device is consistent with cotton feeding pipe.