CN108811735B

CN108811735B - Ladder is picked to fruit

Info

Publication number: CN108811735B
Application number: CN201810753183.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李海军; 郑显华; 刘海红; 李东生; 何云敖; 杨丹
Original assignee: Yangtze Normal University
Current assignee: Yangtze Normal University
Priority date: 2018-07-10
Filing date: 2018-07-10
Publication date: 2020-06-02
Anticipated expiration: 2038-07-10
Also published as: CN108811735A

Abstract

The invention discloses a fruit picking ladder, which comprises a picking ladder body; the picking ladder is characterized in that a fixing mechanism for fixing the picking ladder with the ground is arranged at the lower end of the picking ladder body; a vertical conveying mechanism for vertically and downwardly conveying the fruits is arranged on one side of the picking ladder body, the vertical conveying mechanism comprises a conveying pipe which is vertically arranged, the upper end of the conveying pipe is detachably connected to the picking ladder body, and the lower end face of the conveying pipe is positioned above the lower end face of the picking ladder body; a spiral plate is arranged in the conveying pipe, and the circumferential outer side of the spiral plate is fixedly connected with the circumferential surface of the inner side of the conveying pipe, so that a spiral slideway is formed between the spiral plate and the inner side wall of the conveying pipe; the citrus picking machine has the advantages that the citrus picking machine can be suitable for picking citrus trees in uneven terrains such as mountains and hills, can better ensure the picking integrity of citrus, can be suitable for picking citrus trees with different heights, and is safer in use.

Description

Ladder is picked to fruit

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of fruit picking; in particular to a fruit picking ladder.

Background

China is the first major fruit producing country in the world and the first major fruit consuming country in the world, and the rapid development of the fruit planting industry promotes the market demand of orchard machinery. The labor force used in the traditional manual picking operation accounts for 33% -50% of the labor force used in the whole production process, the majority of fruit picking in China is mainly manual picking at present, most of orchards in south China are in hilly and mountainous areas, the picking is limited in hilly and mountainous areas, places capable of being mechanically picked are few, and the mechanized operation is basically blank.

In recent years, along with the adjustment of agricultural industrial structure in China, citrus has become a bright spot and a supporting industry for economic development of fruit industry in China and delightful and new enrichment in rural areas. The citrus cultivation area in China is increased from 3.27 million hectares in 1949 to 260 million hectares in 2017, the cultivation area is increased by nearly 80 times in more than sixty years, the citrus yield is increased from 21 million tons in 1949 to 3660.1 million tons in 2017, the yield is increased by more than 170 times, and the planting area and the yield are the first in the world. In the era of vigorously advocating the development of modern forest fruits in China, the forest fruit industry has become a new bright spot and a supporting post industry for economic development of forest fruit producing areas and income and richness of farmers, and mechanized production is essential to the development of the modern forest fruits.

The economic cultivation area of citrus in China is mainly concentrated between 20-33 degrees north latitude, and the elevation is below 700-1000 meters. There are 19 provinces (city, autonomous region) including Taiwan province, wherein the citrus is mainly produced in 10 provinces (city, region) such as Chongqing, Hubei, Sichuan, Hunan, Guangxi, Guangdong, Jiangxi, Fujian and Taiwan, the provinces (city) such as Shanghai, Guizhou, Yunnan and Jiangsu, the provinces (city) such as Shanxi, Henan, Hainan, Anhui and Gansu are also planted in the provinces such as Shaanxi, Henan, Hainan and Gansu, and there are 985 counties (city, region) for planting citrus in the country.

At present, fruit picking at home and abroad mainly adopts manual picking, and a production mode of large-scale mechanical cooperation with manual picking exists in places with relatively flat terrain and relatively good picking conditions, but the fruit tree is greatly damaged by the picking mode, the mechanical cost is high, the fruit tree is not beneficial to the growth and development of fruits in the next year, and the production yield is influenced. In some foreign processing, the aim of fruit deep processing is to avoid considering the freshness of the fruits, so the fruit deep processing method is more suitable for mechanical picking operation, but is also seriously influenced by the terrain environment. According to the needs of the domestic market, the domestic is mainly manual picking, and although the integrity of the manual picking is high, the labor intensity is high, the picking efficiency is low, the cost is high, and the influence of the terrain environment is received.

For the citrus industry, as the planting area of the citrus is continuously enlarged, the cultivated land area of China is limited, and the planting land cost is high, so that most of citrus is planted in uneven terrains such as mountains and hills, the land cost is low, and the mountain environment is more suitable for citrus growth. Mountain region hills geographical environment is comparatively abominable, and oranges and tangerines are planted density irregularly, and machinery, artifical the picking all have a large amount of problems, and the structure is complicated, and the price/performance ratio is low, leads to the picking of oranges and tangerines and collects the work and has the high degree of difficulty.

Therefore, how to provide one kind can adapt to gather the citrus tree under the uneven topography such as mountain region hills, the integrality is picked to assurance oranges that can be better, can adapt to and pick to the citrus tree of different heights, and ladder is picked to safer fruit during the use becomes the technical problem that technical staff in the field await the solution.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: how to provide one kind can adapt to and gather citrus tree under the uneven topography such as mountain region hills, integrality is picked to assurance oranges and tangerines that can be better, can adapt to pick to the not citrus tree of co-altitude, and ladder is picked to safer fruit during the use.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the fruit picking ladder comprises a picking ladder body; the picking ladder is characterized in that a fixing mechanism for fixing the picking ladder with the ground is arranged at the lower end of the picking ladder body; a vertical conveying mechanism for vertically and downwardly conveying the fruits is arranged on one side of the picking ladder body, the vertical conveying mechanism comprises a conveying pipe which is vertically arranged, the upper end of the conveying pipe is detachably connected to the picking ladder body, and the lower end face of the conveying pipe is positioned above the lower end face of the picking ladder body; a spiral plate is arranged in the conveying pipe, and the circumferential outer side of the spiral plate is fixedly connected with the circumferential surface of the inner side of the conveying pipe, so that a spiral slideway is formed between the spiral plate and the inner side wall of the conveying pipe; the upper end of the spiral plate is connected with the upper end of the conveying pipe to form a fruit placing end, and the lower end of the spiral plate is connected with the lower end of the conveying pipe to form a fruit outlet end;

a fruit collecting frame is arranged below the citrus output end.

Among this technical scheme, when being applied to the oranges and tangerines under uneven topography such as mountain hills with the fruit picking ladder of above-mentioned structure and picking, be provided with the fixed establishment who is used for with ground fixing at the lower extreme of picking the ladder body, can make whole picking ladder more stable place in uneven subaerially such as mountain hills for its adaptation that can be better is gathered citrus trees under uneven topography such as mountain hills. Taking picking citrus as an example; when the worker uses the picking ladder of the structure to operate, the worker stands on the picking ladder and picks the oranges, after the oranges are picked from the orange trees, the picked oranges are placed into the orange trees from the orange placing end, the oranges are output from the orange outlet end through the spiral plate arranged, in the process, the oranges are conveyed by the spiral plate in the spiral structure, the conveying path of the oranges is lengthened, the running speed on the spiral plate is slowed down, the oranges output from the orange outlet end can have better integrity, and the orange picking quality is improved. And adopt foretell fruit to pick the ladder and carry out oranges and tangerines and pick, oranges and tangerines can not produce in picking the ladder upper end and save and pile up for the weight that the ladder bore of picking reduces, and the ladder is picked in protection that also can be better, increases its life. The fruit collection frame that sets up can conveniently concentrate the collection back to fruit to carry, be favorable to improving whole picking efficiency.

As an optimization, the vertical transportation mechanism further comprises a vertical rod, the vertical rod is coaxially arranged inside the conveying pipe, and the inner side of the spiral plate is circumferentially and fixedly connected to the outer circumferential surface of the vertical rod.

Like this, can make the oranges and tangerines under being picked when the transportation of process spiral board, the decline of spiral board spiral that follows that can be better is transported to the low end to the effective transport distance of oranges and tangerines on the spiral board is longer, is favorable to reducing the functioning speed of oranges and tangerines more, makes the integrality of oranges and tangerines better.

Preferably, the spiral plate is arranged in an upward inclined manner in the width direction, and an included angle between the width direction of the spiral plate and the axis of the vertical rod is an acute angle.

Like this, the oranges and tangerines can be better by the axis direction to the conveyer pipe to the oranges and tangerines can receive the frictional force that spiral plate and montant provided, when making oranges and tangerines functioning speed littleer, make the swing that whole conveyer pipe received littleer, more stability.

As optimization, the axial sleeve of the vertical rod is provided with a friction sleeve made of rubber.

In this way, greater friction can be provided to the citrus fruit, allowing the fruit to travel at a slower speed within the tube to better maintain the integrity of the fruit.

As an optimization, the upper end of the conveying pipe is fixedly connected with a collecting hopper, the collecting hopper is of a vertically arranged conical cylinder structure, and the small end of the collecting hopper is fixedly connected with the upper end of the conveying pipe.

Like this, can make things convenient for the workman to put into the oranges and tangerines of picking in the conveyer pipe and be conveyed to the lower extreme, make things convenient for the workman to operate.

As an optimization, the lower end of the conveying pipe is fixedly connected with an output hopper, the output hopper is of a vertically arranged conical cylinder structure, and the large end of the output hopper is fixedly connected with the lower end of the conveying pipe.

Like this, can make things convenient for the workman to carry out the collection concentrated to oranges and tangerines.

As optimization, the lower end of the output hopper is also fixedly connected with an output pipe, and the outer end of the output pipe is bent towards the direction far away from the picking ladder body to form an arc-shaped structure; and the lower end of the output pipe forms the citrus output end.

Like this, must oranges and tangerines export in proper order, can be better collect oranges and tangerines, can slow down to oranges and tangerines simultaneously.

Preferably, the output pipe is a cloth pipe made of cloth materials.

Like this, output tube can produce certain deformation and offset the power potential energy of partly oranges and tangerines, speed when reduction oranges and tangerines that can be better are exported to the integrality of better assurance oranges and tangerines.

Preferably, a corrugated pipe is arranged inside the output pipe.

Therefore, when the citrus passes through the output pipe, the output speed of the citrus can be reduced.

As optimization, the picking ladder body comprises a pair of ladder stands symmetrically arranged in the horizontal direction, and the two ladder stands are arranged in a splayed manner on a vertical plane and are hinged to each other at the upper ends.

Like this, picking ladder more stable when using, can also conveniently adjust the contained angle of two cat ladders, make it adapt to gather citrus tree under uneven topography such as mountain region hills better.

As optimization, the crawling ladder comprises a plurality of supporting legs which are obliquely and upwards arranged and sequentially connected end to end in the oblique direction, and the supporting legs comprise supporting tubes which are obliquely and upwards arranged in pairs at left and right and a ladder plate which is horizontally arranged between the two supporting tubes; any two support tubes which are adjacently arranged in the inclined direction are nested in a one-to-one correspondence mode, the two support tubes which are nested with each other can axially slide, and a support tube axial locking structure is arranged between the two support tubes which are nested with each other to lock the axial sliding between the two nested support tubes.

Like this, when using the cat ladder, the stay tube back that will be nested setting each other slides each other to make two each other for nested setting and will be located the lower extreme of inboard stay tube and lock in the upper end that is located the outside stay tube, can be according to the citrus tree height of difference, go to select the group number that slides the stay tube that is nested setting each other, make the cat ladder extend to different height, so that whole fruit is plucked the ladder and can be adapted to plucking the citrus tree of co-altitude. And when will pluck the ladder and draw in, it has compact structure, and occupation space is little, can be more convenient shift the ladder of plucking under uneven topography such as mountain region hills, has the advantage of convenient transport.

As optimization, a connecting sleeve is sleeved at the upper end of the supporting tube, and the inner circumferential wall of the connecting sleeve is of a stepped hole structure to form a stepped surface for abutting against and supporting the upper end surface of the supporting tube; the end part of the ladder board is correspondingly connected with the connecting sleeve.

In this way, the vertical downward sliding of the ladder boards on the support pipes can be better limited. The supporting stress of the supporting tube on the ladder board is more reasonable. Simultaneously, the sliding distance of two support tubes nested with each other is longer, so that the ladder stand can have larger height, and the structure is more compact when the ladder stand is furled.

As optimization, the cylindrical gasket made of rubber materials is fixedly connected to the inner circumferential surface of the connecting sleeve, so that the outer surface of the supporting tube can be well protected, and the whole picking ladder is more durable.

Preferably, the axial locking structure of the supporting tube comprises positioning holes arranged at two ends of the supporting tube and a bolt, and the front end of the bolt can extend into the respective positioning holes of the two supporting tubes which are nested with each other so as to lock the lower end of the supporting tube positioned at the inner side to the upper end of the supporting tube positioned at the outer side.

Thus, the support tube axial locking structure is simpler. Can conveniently lock the lower end of the inner side supporting tube in the upper end of the outer side supporting tube.

As optimization, the inner side of the connecting sleeve in the circumferential direction extends outwards to form a connecting block, and the connecting block is used for being connected with the corresponding end part of the ladder board; just the cross-section of connecting block is the rectangle design, is equipped with the mounting groove that sets up along its self length direction on the connecting block lower surface, follows the length direction of mounting groove installs the bolt, just self axial slip can be followed so that the front end of bolt passes the hole of stepping down that is equipped with on the adapter sleeve and insert in the locating hole that two support tubes that set up nested each other had separately.

Therefore, the connecting block used for being connected with the corresponding end part of the ladder board is arranged on the connecting sleeve, so that the connection between the ladder board and the connecting sleeve can be more convenient. And, when locking two support pipes nested into each other, the vertical upward sliding of the ladder boards is also locked. The additional step of arranging a step positioning mechanism to limit the vertical upward sliding of the step is saved. Has the advantages of simple structure and saving components.

As an optimization, a sleeve is fixedly arranged at one end, deviating from the connecting sleeve, of the mounting groove, the sleeve and the plug are coaxially arranged, and the end, deviating from the connecting sleeve, of the plug is in slidable plug-in fit in the sleeve.

Therefore, the installation of the plug pin is more stable, and the work of the plug pin is more reliable.

As an optimization, inserting grooves are pairwise arranged on two side walls of the mounting groove, which are far away from one end of the connecting sleeve, mounting plates are inserted and mounted in the inserting grooves, mounting holes are formed in the mounting plates, and the sleeves are inserted and mounted in the mounting holes.

Like this, conveniently with sleeve pipe installation in the mounting groove, and make things convenient for the dismouting of mounting panel, sleeve pipe and bolt.

As an optimization, a limiting plate is connected to the end face of one end, deviating from the connecting sleeve, of the sleeve, a coil spring is arranged between the inner side face of the limiting plate and the plug pin, and two ends of the coil spring are respectively supported on the inner side face of the limiting plate and the end face of the plug pin in an abutting mode.

Like this for the bolt can be better stretch into to let the hole, locating hole and bolt downthehole, make the work of bolt more reliable. Make whole picking ladder safer when using.

As optimization, an operation hole is formed in the side face of the connecting block, and the operation hole is perpendicular to the installation groove and communicated with the installation groove.

Like this, can make things convenient for the axial to stir the bolt for the bolt is in operating condition, and the bolt that also conveniently relieves is to the locking of stay tube and step.

As optimization, the step plate is of a rectangular tubular structure, the step plate is fixedly sleeved on the connecting block, and a yielding port is arranged at the position, right opposite to the operation hole, on the step plate.

Thus, the connection between the step plate and the connecting block is facilitated, and the axial sliding operation of the plug pin is not influenced.

Preferably, the fixing mechanism comprises support flat plates, the support flat plates are arranged at the lower ends of the lowermost support tubes in the ladder stand in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the lower end surfaces of the support tubes are abutted and supported on the upper surfaces of the support flat plates; downward fixing nails are fixedly arranged on the lower surface of the supporting flat plate at positions corresponding to the supporting tubes; the end part of the support flat plate extends outwards to form an extension part, and a puncture nail arranged downwards is arranged on the extension part.

Like this, set up the support flat board through the lower extreme at the stay tube, can make the lifting surface area increase between stay tube lower extreme and the ground for whole cat ladder is difficult for sinking in earth after the atress, more stable. In addition, a downward fixing nail is arranged at a position, corresponding to the supporting pipe, on the lower surface of the supporting flat plate, so that the fixing nail can be better inserted into the ground for fixing when the ladder stand is installed; the puncture nail is arranged on the extending part formed by the outward extension of the end part of the support flat plate, so that the support flat plate can be more firmly fixed relative to the ground, and is more stable and safer when in use. Can be better adapted to the fixation of uneven ground such as mountain land hills.

Preferably, the support plate comprises a first support plate and a second support plate hinged to the first support plate, the lower end face of the support tube is supported on the first support plate in an abutting mode, the fixing nail is arranged on the first support plate, the second support plate forms the extension portion, and the puncture nail is arranged on the second support plate.

Thus, after the first support plate is contacted with the ground, the fixing nail is inserted into the ground and fixed. The second supports dull and stereotypedly to articulate with first support flat board and links to each other for the second supports dull and stereotyped can rotate an angle in vertical and pastes the contact with the uneven ground such as better messenger's second support flat board's lower surface and mountain hills mutually, thereby has increased the area of contact on whole fruit picking ladder lower extreme and ground, makes fruit picking ladder more stable when using. Make whole harvesting ladder can be better adapt to plucking to the oranges and tangerines in uneven ground areas such as mountain land hills.

Preferably, a through hole is vertically formed in the second support plate, the puncture nail is slidably disposed in the through hole, and the upper end of the puncture nail is provided with a step surface facing the second support plate and can be attached to and supported on the upper surface of the second support plate.

Therefore, when the ladder stand is installed, the second supporting flat plate can be better connected with the ground. When the puncture nail punctures the ground, the puncture nail can be kept vertical to the ground, so that the length of the puncture nail inserted into the ground perpendicular to the ground is larger, and the fixing effect is better.

Preferably, a pressure rod is arranged above the puncture nail, one end of the pressure rod is hinged to the support pipe, the middle of the pressure rod is connected with the upper end of the puncture nail and can provide vertical pressure for the puncture nail, and one end, far away from the support pipe, of the pressure rod extends outwards and forms an operation end of the lever.

Thus, the puncture nail can be pressed down and inserted into the ground by adopting the self-contained structure without an additional tool. Has the advantage of more convenient use. The lever is adopted to press the puncture nail downwards, so that the advantages of labor saving and convenient operation are achieved.

Preferably, a first linear bearing is sleeved at the middle position of the pressure rod, a push rod which is arranged downwards is fixedly connected to one side, opposite to the puncture nail, of the first linear bearing, and the lower end of the push rod is hinged to the upper end of the puncture nail in a vertically rotatable mode.

Therefore, the motion trail of the position of the pressure lever applying force to the puncture nail is arc-shaped, and the pressure lever can always provide downward force to the puncture nail through the arranged linear bearing, so that the oblique component force is reduced, and the device has the advantage of saving more labor. And the linear bearing can rotate along the axial direction of the pressure rod, so that when the puncture nail is inclined, the linear bearing can rotate to better apply pressure to the puncture nail.

Preferably, a projection which is arranged upwards and extends into the support tube is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the first support flat plate, a connecting hole is formed in the upper end of the projection, a hinge shaft which is arranged along the diameter direction of the support tube is arranged in the connecting hole, and two ends of the hinge shaft respectively extend outwards and are inserted into a jack which is arranged on the support tube.

Like this, conveniently be connected first dull and stereotyped and supporting legs detachable of support, and the relation of connection of first dull and stereotyped and supporting legs is more reliable.

As an optimization, a vertically arranged strip hole is arranged at a position on the supporting tube corresponding to the lug, and the inner end of the pressure lever extends into the supporting leg from the strip hole and can be vertically and rotatably hinged on the lug.

Like this, the transmission of the power between first support flat board and the second support flat board is more reasonable, and the performance second that can be better supports the connection effect dull and stereotyped and ground for whole ladder of picking is more stable.

Preferably, a wedge block is arranged on the pressure rod in a sliding mode along the axial direction of the pressure rod, the wedge block can slide inwards along the axial direction of the pressure rod, and the upper surface of the wedge block is abutted and supported on the upper peripheral wall of the elongated hole.

Therefore, after the operation pressing rod drives the puncture nail to vertically move and lock the second supporting flat plate, the upper surface of the wedge block is supported on the upper peripheral wall of the strip hole in an abutting mode, the pressing rod can be vertically rotated and fixed, and a quadrangle is formed by the connecting block, the pressing rod, the puncture nail, the first supporting flat plate and the second supporting flat plate in a surrounding mode. And the hinge joint between the first support flat plate and the second support flat plate can rotate, when the first support flat plate and the second support flat plate rotate in opposite directions, the first support flat plate sequentially transmits force to the connecting block and the pressure rod, and the second support flat plate sequentially transmits force to the puncture nail and the pressure rod, and can offset each other, so that the fixing effect of the whole fixing structure is better.

Preferably, a second linear bearing is further sleeved on the pressure rod, and the wedge block is fixedly arranged on the circumferential surface of the second linear bearing.

Like this, can make things convenient for the voussoir to follow the pressure bar axial and inwards slide, and can also conveniently carry out vertical rotation to the voussoir to make the butt that the upper surface of voussoir can be better support on the upper peripheral wall in rectangular hole.

Preferably, the downward length of the puncture nail is larger than that of the fixing nail.

Thus, the design is more reasonable, and the stability performance is better.

Preferably, the lower end of the puncture nail is of a sharp knife structure arranged downwards.

In this way, the insertion of the piercing spike into the ground can be facilitated.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the present invention (wedge and second linear bearing are not shown).

Fig. 2 is a left side view of fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a top view of fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the vertical transport mechanism in fig. 1.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the step mechanism in fig. 1.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the connecting sleeve part in fig. 5.

Fig. 7 is a front view of fig. 6.

3 fig. 3 8 3 is 3 a 3 sectional 3 view 3 a 3- 3 a 3 of 3 fig. 3 7 3. 3

Fig. 9 is an enlarged schematic view of position B in fig. 1.

Fig. 10 is a schematic view of the fixing mechanism of fig. 1 (the wedge and the second linear bearing are not shown).

Fig. 11 is a left side view of fig. 10.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In the specific implementation: as shown in fig. 1 to 11, a fruit picking ladder comprises a picking ladder body 1; a fixing mechanism for fixing the picking ladder body with the ground is arranged at the lower end of the picking ladder body; a vertical conveying mechanism for vertically and downwardly conveying the fruits is arranged on one side of the picking ladder body, the vertical conveying mechanism comprises a conveying pipe 2 which is vertically arranged, the upper end of the conveying pipe is detachably connected to the picking ladder body, and the lower end face of the conveying pipe is positioned above the lower end face of the picking ladder body; a spiral plate 3 is arranged in the conveying pipe, and the circumferential outer side of the spiral plate is fixedly connected with the circumferential surface of the inner side of the conveying pipe 2, so that a spiral slideway is formed between the spiral plate 3 and the inner side wall of the conveying pipe 2; the upper end of the spiral plate 3 is connected with the upper end of the conveying pipe to form a fruit placing end, and the lower end of the spiral plate is connected with the lower end of the conveying pipe to form a fruit outlet end.

Among this technical scheme, when being applied to the oranges and tangerines under uneven topography such as mountain hills with the fruit picking ladder of above-mentioned structure and picking, be provided with the fixed establishment who is used for with ground fixing at the lower extreme of picking the ladder body, can make whole picking ladder more stable place in uneven subaerially such as mountain hills for its adaptation that can be better is gathered citrus trees under uneven topography such as mountain hills. Taking picking citrus as an example; when the worker uses the picking ladder of the structure to operate, the worker stands on the picking ladder and picks the oranges, after the oranges are picked from the orange trees, the picked oranges are placed into the orange trees from the orange placing end, the oranges are output from the orange outlet end through the spiral plate arranged, in the process, the oranges are conveyed by the spiral plate in the spiral structure, the conveying path of the oranges is lengthened, the running speed on the spiral plate is slowed down, the oranges output from the orange outlet end can have better integrity, and the orange picking quality is improved. And adopt foretell fruit to pick the ladder and carry out oranges and tangerines and pick, oranges and tangerines can not produce in picking the ladder upper end and save and pile up for the weight that the ladder bore of picking reduces, and the ladder is picked in protection that also can be better, increases its life.

In this embodiment, vertical transport mechanism still includes montant 4, the montant coaxial line set up inside the conveyer pipe, and 3 inboard circumference fixed connection of spiral shell are on the outer periphery of montant.

In this embodiment, the spiral plate 3 is disposed in an upward inclined manner in the width direction, and an included angle between the width direction of the spiral plate and the axis of the vertical rod 4 is an acute angle.

In this embodiment, a friction sleeve made of rubber is axially sleeved on the vertical rod 4.

In the embodiment, the upper end of the conveying pipe 2 is fixedly connected with a collecting hopper 5, the collecting hopper is of a vertically arranged conical cylinder structure, and the small end of the collecting hopper is fixedly connected with the upper end of the conveying pipe.

In the embodiment, the lower end of the conveying pipe is fixedly connected with an output hopper 6, the output hopper is of a vertically arranged conical cylinder structure, and the large end of the output hopper is fixedly connected with the lower end of the conveying pipe.

In the embodiment, the lower end of the output hopper 6 is fixedly connected with an output pipe 7, and the outer end of the output pipe is bent towards the direction far away from the picking ladder body to form an arc-shaped structure; and the lower end of the output pipe forms the citrus output end.

In this embodiment, the output tube 7 is a cloth tube made of cloth material.

In this embodiment, a bellows is provided inside the output pipe 7.

In this embodiment, a fruit collection frame 8 is provided below the fruit outlet end.

Therefore, the centralized collection of the oranges is convenient.

In this embodiment, picking ladder body 1 includes a pair of cat ladder 9 that is the symmetry setting on the horizontal direction, and two cat ladders 9 are arranged and the upper end is articulated continuous for "eight" font on vertical plane.

In the specific embodiment, the crawling ladder comprises a plurality of supporting legs 10 which are obliquely and upwards arranged and sequentially connected end to end in the oblique direction, wherein each supporting leg comprises supporting tubes 11 which are arranged in pairs from left to right and are obliquely and upwards and a ladder plate 12 which is horizontally arranged between the two supporting tubes; any two support tubes which are adjacently arranged in the inclined direction are nested in a one-to-one correspondence mode, the two support tubes which are nested with each other can axially slide, and a support tube axial locking structure is arranged between the two support tubes which are nested with each other to lock the axial sliding between the two nested support tubes.

In the present embodiment, in two mutually nested support tubes, the support tube located at the inner side can slide upwards along the axial direction of the support tube located at the outer side, and a connecting sleeve 13 is sleeved on the upper end of the support tube 11, and the inner circumferential wall of the connecting sleeve is in a stepped hole structure to form a stepped surface for abutting against and supporting the upper end surface of the support tube; the end part of the ladder board is correspondingly connected with the connecting sleeve.

In this embodiment, the cylindrical gasket that the rubber material made on the inner circumferential surface of adapter sleeve 13 fixedly connected with, like this, the surface of protection stay tube that can be fine for whole harvesting ladder is more durable.

In this embodiment, the axial locking structure of the supporting tube comprises positioning holes disposed at two ends of the supporting tube and a pin 15, and the front end of the pin can extend into the respective positioning holes of the two supporting tubes nested with each other, so as to lock the lower end of the inner supporting tube to the upper end of the outer supporting tube.

In the present embodiment, the inner side of the connecting sleeve in the circumferential direction extends outwards to form a connecting block 14, and the connecting block is used for connecting with the corresponding end of the step; just the cross-section of connecting block 14 is the rectangle design, is equipped with the mounting groove that sets up along its self length direction on the connecting block lower surface, follows the length direction of mounting groove installs bolt 15, just self endwise slip can be followed so that the front end of bolt passes the hole of stepping down that is equipped with on the adapter sleeve 13 and insert in the locating hole that two spinal branch stay tubes that set up each other nestedly have separately.

In this embodiment, a sleeve 16 is fixedly mounted at an end of the mounting groove, which is away from the connecting sleeve, the sleeve and the plug are coaxially arranged, and an end of the plug, which is away from the connecting sleeve, is slidably inserted and matched in the sleeve.

In this embodiment, insertion grooves are pairwise arranged on two side walls of the installation groove, which are away from one end of the connection sleeve, an installation plate 17 is inserted and installed in the insertion grooves, an installation hole is arranged on the installation plate, and the sleeve is inserted and installed in the installation hole.

In this specific embodiment, a limiting plate 18 is connected to an end face of the sleeve pipe, which is away from the connecting sleeve, and a coil spring 19 is disposed between an inner side face of the limiting plate and the plug pin, and two ends of the coil spring are respectively supported on the inner side face of the limiting plate and the end face of the plug pin in an abutting manner.

In the present embodiment, an operation hole 20 is provided at a side surface of the connection block, the operation hole being provided perpendicular to the installation groove and communicating with the installation groove.

In this embodiment, the step plate 12 is a rectangular tubular structure, and the step plate is fixedly sleeved on the connecting block 14, and a relief port 21 is provided at a position on the step plate opposite to the operating hole.

In this specific embodiment, the fixing mechanism includes a support flat plate, the support flat plate is disposed at the lower end of the lowermost support tube in the ladder stand in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the lower end surface of the support tube is supported on the upper surface of the support flat plate in an abutting manner; a downward fixing nail 24 is fixedly arranged on the lower surface of the supporting flat plate at a position corresponding to the supporting tube; the end of the support plate extends outward to form an extension, and a downwardly disposed piercing spike 26 is disposed on the extension.

In this embodiment, the support plate includes a first support plate 23 and a second support plate 25 hinged to the first support plate, the lower end surface of the support tube is supported on the first support plate in an abutting manner, the fixing nail is disposed on the first support plate, the second support plate forms the extension portion, and the piercing nail is disposed on the second support plate.

In this embodiment, a through hole is vertically formed in the second support plate 25, the piercing nail 26 is slidably disposed in the through hole, and the upper end of the piercing nail has a step surface facing the second support plate and can be attached to and supported on the upper surface of the second support plate.

In the present embodiment, a pressure rod 27 is disposed above the piercing nail, one end of the pressure rod is hinged to the support tube, the middle of the pressure rod is connected to the upper end of the piercing nail and can provide a vertical pressure to the piercing nail, and one end of the pressure rod, which is far away from the support tube, extends outward and forms an operation end of the lever.

In this embodiment, a first linear bearing 28 is sleeved at the middle position of the pressure lever, a downward push rod 29 is fixedly connected to the side of the first linear bearing opposite to the puncture nail, and the lower end of the push rod is hinged to the upper end of the puncture nail in a vertically rotatable manner.

In this embodiment, a protrusion 30 that is upwardly disposed and extends into the support tube is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the first support plate, a connection hole is disposed at the upper end of the protrusion, a hinge shaft disposed along the diameter direction of the support tube is disposed in the connection hole, and both ends of the hinge shaft respectively extend outward and are inserted into insertion holes disposed in the support tube.

In this embodiment, a vertically arranged elongated hole is disposed at a position on the support tube corresponding to the protrusion, and the inner end of the pressure lever 27 extends into the support leg from the elongated hole and is hinged to the protrusion 30 in a vertically rotatable manner.

In the present embodiment, a wedge 31 is slidably provided on the pressing rod in the axial direction thereof, and the wedge can slide axially inward along the axial direction of the pressing rod, and the upper surface of the wedge is supported in abutment with the upper peripheral wall of the elongated hole.

In this embodiment, a second linear bearing 32 is further sleeved on the pressing rod, and the wedge 31 is fixedly arranged on the circumferential surface of the second linear bearing.

In this embodiment, the downward length of the piercing spike 26 is greater than the downward length of the fixation spike.

Thus, the design is more reasonable, and the stability performance is better.

In this embodiment, the lower end of the piercing nail is a pointed knife structure disposed downward.

In this embodiment, the support tube is a circular tube made of a metal material.

Like this, can make the weight of whole cat ladder lighter, adopt the pipe can more conveniently draw in the cat ladder simultaneously. Make the cat ladder have the quality light, the advantage of drawing in more easily to convenience that can be more carries the transfer in uneven topography such as mountain and hills.

In this embodiment, a downward projection is provided on the lower surface of the first support plate.

Like this for can be bigger with the area of ground contact on the dull and stereotyped lower surface of first support, and the slip between the dull and stereotyped and ground of preventing that bellied position can be better makes the atress of whole first support flat board more even, and fixed effect is better.

Claims

1. A fruit picking ladder, which comprises a picking ladder body (1); the picking ladder is characterized in that a fixing mechanism for fixing the picking ladder with the ground is arranged at the lower end of the picking ladder body; a vertical conveying mechanism for vertically and downwardly conveying the fruits is arranged on one side of the picking ladder body, the vertical conveying mechanism comprises a conveying pipe (2) which is vertically arranged, the upper end of the conveying pipe is detachably connected to the picking ladder body, and the lower end face of the conveying pipe is positioned above the lower end face of the picking ladder body; a spiral plate (3) is arranged inside the conveying pipe, and the circumferential outer side of the spiral plate is fixedly connected with the inner circumferential surface of the conveying pipe (2), so that a spiral slideway is formed between the spiral plate (3) and the inner side wall of the conveying pipe (2); the upper end of the spiral plate (3) is connected with the upper end of the conveying pipe to form a fruit placing end, and the lower end of the spiral plate is connected with the lower end of the conveying pipe to form a fruit outlet end;

a fruit collecting frame (8) is arranged below the fruit outlet end;

the vertical conveying mechanism further comprises vertical rods (4), the vertical rods are coaxially arranged in the conveying pipe, and the inner sides of the spiral plates (3) are circumferentially and fixedly connected to the outer circumferential surfaces of the vertical rods;

the spiral plate (3) is arranged in an upward inclined manner in the width direction, and an included angle between the width direction of the spiral plate and the axis of the vertical rod (4) is an acute angle;

the axial sleeve of the vertical rod (4) is provided with a friction sleeve made of rubber material.

2. The ladder for picking fruit as claimed in claim 1, wherein the upper end of the conveying pipe (2) is fixedly connected with a collecting bucket (5) which is in a vertically arranged cone structure, and the small end of the collecting bucket is fixedly connected with the upper end of the conveying pipe.

3. The ladder for picking fruit as claimed in claim 1, wherein the lower end of the delivery pipe is fixedly connected with an output hopper (6), the output hopper is in a vertically arranged cone structure, and the big end of the output hopper is fixedly connected with the lower end of the delivery pipe.

4. A fruit picking ladder as claimed in claim 3, wherein the lower end of the output hopper (6) is fixedly connected with an output pipe (7), and the outer end of the output pipe is bent to form an arc structure towards the direction far away from the picking ladder body; and the lower end of the output pipe forms the citrus output end.

5. The ladder of claim 4, wherein the delivery tube (7) is a cloth tube made of cloth material.

6. Fruit picking ladder as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that a bellows is provided inside the outlet duct (7).

7. The fruit picking ladder according to claim 1, characterized in that the picking ladder body (1) comprises a pair of ladder stands (9) symmetrically arranged in the horizontal direction, the two ladder stands (9) are arranged in a splayed shape on the vertical plane and are hinged at the upper ends;

the ladder stand comprises a plurality of supporting legs (10) which are obliquely and upwards arranged and are sequentially connected end to end in the oblique direction, and the supporting legs comprise supporting tubes (11) which are arranged in pairs at left and right and are obliquely and upwards and a ladder plate (12) which is horizontally arranged between the two supporting tubes; any two support tubes which are adjacently arranged in the inclined direction are nested in a one-to-one correspondence manner, the two support tubes which are nested with each other can axially slide, and a support tube axial locking structure is arranged between the two support tubes which are nested with each other so as to lock the axial sliding between the two nested support tubes;

a connecting sleeve (13) is sleeved at the upper end of the supporting tube (11), and the inner circumferential wall of the connecting sleeve is of a stepped hole structure to form a stepped surface for abutting against and supporting the upper end surface of the supporting tube; the end part of the ladder board is correspondingly connected with the connecting sleeve;

a cylindrical gasket made of rubber is fixedly connected to the inner circumferential surface of the connecting sleeve (13);

the axial locking structure of the supporting tube comprises positioning holes arranged at two ends of the supporting tube and a bolt (15), and the front end of the bolt can extend into the positioning holes respectively arranged on the two supporting tubes which are nested with each other so as to lock the lower end of the supporting tube positioned at the inner side to the upper end of the supporting tube positioned at the outer side;

the inner side of the connecting sleeve in the circumferential direction extends outwards to form a connecting block (14) which is used for being connected with the corresponding end part of the ladder board; the section of the connecting block (14) is rectangular, a mounting groove is formed in the lower surface of the connecting block along the length direction of the connecting block, the bolt (15) is mounted along the length direction of the mounting groove and can axially slide along the bolt, so that the front end of the bolt penetrates through a yielding hole formed in the connecting sleeve (13) and is inserted into positioning holes formed in the two support tubes which are nested with each other;

a sleeve (16) is fixedly arranged at one end of the mounting groove, which is far away from the connecting sleeve, the sleeve and the plug pin are coaxially arranged, and one end of the plug pin, which is far away from the connecting sleeve, can be slidably inserted and matched in the sleeve;

inserting grooves are pairwise arranged on two side walls of one end, which is far away from the connecting sleeve, of the mounting groove, a mounting plate (17) is inserted and mounted in the inserting grooves, a mounting hole is formed in the mounting plate, and the sleeve is inserted and mounted in the mounting hole;

a limiting plate (18) is connected to the end face of one end, which is far away from the connecting sleeve, of the sleeve, a spiral spring (19) is arranged between the inner side face of the limiting plate and the plug pin, and two ends of the spiral spring are respectively abutted and supported on the inner side face of the limiting plate and the end face of the plug pin;

an operation hole (20) is formed in the side face of the connecting block, is perpendicular to the installation groove and is communicated with the installation groove;

the ladder plate (12) is of a rectangular tubular structure, the ladder plate is fixedly sleeved on the connecting block (14), and a position yielding port (21) is formed in the position, opposite to the operating hole, of the ladder plate;

the fixing mechanism comprises supporting flat plates, the supporting flat plates are arranged at the lower ends of the supporting tubes at the lowest part in the ladder stand in a one-to-one correspondence mode, and the lower end surfaces of the supporting tubes are abutted and supported on the upper surfaces of the supporting flat plates; downward fixing nails (24) are fixedly arranged on the lower surface of the supporting flat plate at positions corresponding to the supporting tubes; the end part of the support flat plate extends outwards to form an extension part, and a puncture nail (26) arranged downwards is arranged on the extension part;

the support flat plate comprises a first support flat plate (23) and a second support flat plate (25) hinged with the first support flat plate, the lower end face of the support tube is supported on the first support flat plate in an abutting mode, the fixing nail is arranged on the first support flat plate, the second support flat plate forms the extension part, and the puncture nail is arranged on the second support flat plate;

a through hole which is vertically arranged is arranged on the second support flat plate (25), the puncture nail (26) can be slidably arranged in the through hole, and the upper end of the puncture nail is provided with a step surface which faces the second support flat plate and can be attached to and supported on the upper surface of the second support flat plate;

a pressure lever (27) is arranged above the puncture nail, one end of the pressure lever is hinged to the support pipe, the middle part of the pressure lever is connected with the upper end of the puncture nail and can provide vertical pressure for the puncture nail, and one end of the pressure lever, which is far away from the support pipe, extends outwards and forms an operation end of the lever;

a first linear bearing (28) is sleeved at the middle position of the pressure lever, a push rod (29) which is arranged downwards is fixedly connected to one side of the first linear bearing, which is opposite to the puncture nail, and the lower end of the push rod can be vertically and rotatably hinged to the upper end of the puncture nail;

a projection (30) which is arranged upwards and extends into the support tube is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the first support flat plate, a connecting hole is formed in the upper end of the projection, a hinged shaft which is arranged along the diameter direction of the support tube is arranged in the connecting hole, and two ends of the hinged shaft respectively extend outwards and are inserted into a jack which is arranged on the support tube;

a strip hole which is vertically arranged is arranged at the position, corresponding to the lug, on the supporting tube, and the inner end of the pressure lever (27) extends into the supporting leg from the strip hole and is hinged on the lug (30) in a vertically rotatable manner;

a wedge block (31) is arranged on the pressure rod and can slide along the axial direction of the pressure rod, the wedge block can slide inwards along the axial direction of the pressure rod, and the upper surface of the wedge block is supported on the upper peripheral wall of the elongated hole in an abutting mode;

a second linear bearing (32) is further sleeved on the pressure rod, and the wedge block (31) is fixedly arranged on the circumferential surface of the second linear bearing;

the downward length of the puncture nail (26) is greater than that of the fixing nail;

the lower end of the puncture nail is a sharp knife structure which is arranged downwards.