CN103952183A - Biomass combustion and gasification equipment - Google Patents
Biomass combustion and gasification equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN103952183A CN103952183A CN201410111661.1A CN201410111661A CN103952183A CN 103952183 A CN103952183 A CN 103952183A CN 201410111661 A CN201410111661 A CN 201410111661A CN 103952183 A CN103952183 A CN 103952183A
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Abstract
The present invention discloses biomass combustion and gasification equipment, which comprises a gasification furnace body, a rotary water cooling grate, a linkage material level meter, a bin door lifting control mechanism, a material feeding mechanism, a residue discharge mechanism and a dusting and decoking system, wherein the center position on the top surface of the gasification furnace body is provided with a material inlet, the bottom surface is provided with a residue outlet, the residue discharge mechanism and the residue outlet are connected, the material feeding mechanism and the material inlet are connected, the bin door lifting control mechanism is arranged on the connection position of the material feeding mechanism and the material inlet, the linkage material level meter is arranged on the top surface of the gasification furnace body, the rotary water cooling grate is arranged in the gasification furnace body, and the dusting and decoking system is communicated with the gasification furnace body. According to the present invention, characteristics of clever and reasonable structure design, easy achievement and effectively-reduced manufacturing cost are provided; with the reasonable structure design, the fuel is completely combusted, the gasification efficiency is good, the energy source utilize rate is substantially improved, and the resources are saved; and the biomass combustion and gasification equipment further has characteristics of good work stability, high material level measurement accuracy, good residue discharge effect, good biomass species adaptability, and easy and wide promotion application.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to gasification technology field, particularly a kind of biomass fuel gasification equipment.
Background technology
The features such as widely distributed, renewable and environmental friendliness that biomass energy has, developing renewable resources is the main direction that China realizes Sustainable development.Current, conversion technology of biomass energy is mainly divided into gasifying biomass, liquefaction, solidifies and Direct-Combustion Technology.Biomass energy gasification technology is one of wherein important method.Realize the profound level utilization of low-grade biomass energy with gasification mode, reduce the supply of mineral fuel and directly use the severe contamination that mineral fuel bring to environment, to raising life in the countryside level, improve the ecological environment, ensure that national energy security etc. is significant.
Biomass energy is mainly derived from the discarded tangerine stalk in rural area, rice husk, branch, weeds, the discarded wood chip of dry fruit shell and woodenware source mill.Existing biomass gasifying furnace has one and can form the furnace shell of combustion chamber and be arranged on the smoke discharge tube of furnace shell upper area, and induced draft fan is installed on smoke tube.This device can make biomass material burn under anoxic condition, to generate inflammable gas.
But at present, a lot of biomass gasification devices that put into operation exist structure loaded down with trivial details, disorderly, running cost is high for layout, biomass kind bad adaptability, the problem such as gasification efficiency is low, and tar yield is large.And the feeding tube of current biomass gasifying furnace normally adopts ball valve block or be communicated with, corresponding realization stops the action of material or material loading, but use after for some time, ball valve is just easily adhered to by raw material and is detained, when switching ball, there will be and turn round motionless phenomenon, sometimes firmly excessive, also can cause valve fracture, cause unnecessary waste.And needing manual operation, labour intensity is large, troublesome poeration.Sensor in this biomass gasifying furnace is easily bondd by tar and causes losing efficacy or having influence on Measuring Precision simultaneously, the equipment that affects normally moves, simultaneously because sensor is positioned at feed bin, temperature is higher, be prone to the phenomenon that burns out sensor, reduction of service life greatly, needs often maintenance or more emat sensor, wastes time and energy; In addition, current biomass gasifying furnace mostly is and adopts water-cooling vibration furnace grate to carry out deslagging, and water-cooling vibration furnace grate is to weld by water-cooled tube and band steel the membrane wall forming.Be generally two fire grates, be arranged symmetrically with along boiler medullary ray, fire grate is driven by mechanism and vibrates; Below fire grate, be a wind scoop being surrounded by two sides furnace wall and fire grate, provide wind-force to help the fuel combustion in burner hearth by blower fan.Due to the excessive clearance between two fire grates, between fire grate and furnace wall, cause inleakage too much, cause fuel in combustion processes fully not burn, and wind energy is wasted in a large number.All gap is too small, can not smooth and easy larger material slag be discharged to narrow application range.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned deficiency, the object of the invention is to, provide a kind of structure design ingenious, reasonable, the biomass fuel gasification equipment that biomass kind adaptability is good and gasification efficiency is high.
The technical scheme that the present invention adopted is for achieving the above object: a kind of biomass fuel gasification equipment, it comprises gasification body of heater, rotary-type water-cooled fire grate, interlock level gage, carry and fall door controlling organization, feed mechanism, slagging device and dedusting decoking system, the end face central position of described gasification body of heater is provided with feeding mouth, bottom surface is provided with slag notch, described slagging device is connected with this slag notch, described feed mechanism is connected with this feeding mouth, the described junction that falls door controlling organization and be arranged on this feed mechanism and described feeding mouth of carrying, one side position of the corresponding feeding mouth of described interlock level gage is arranged on the end face of gasification body of heater, and lower end is stretched in this gasification body of heater, described rotary-type water-cooled fire grate is arranged on the bottom position in described gasification body of heater, described dedusting decoking system is connected with described gasification body of heater.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described gasification body of heater comprises body skin, inner bag and back taper drain pan, the upper end closed of described inner bag, stretch out in described body skin lower end, and be connected with the internal space of this body skin, and the bottom of described body skin is provided with opening, described back taper drain pan is arranged on the bottom of body skin, and by described closure of openings, described rotary-type water-cooled fire grate is arranged on the junction between back taper drain pan and body skin, and just to described opening.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described carrying fallen door controlling organization and comprised vertical tremie pipe, inclination tremie pipe, tight socket, retractor device and taper cock body, the bottom of described tight socket is provided with the discharge port suitable with the low profile profile of described taper cock body, this discharge port and described feeding mouth connect, the lower end of described vertical tremie pipe is vertically set on described tight socket, described retractor device is arranged on the upper end of this vertical tremie pipe, and be connected with described taper cock body, described one end of stating inclination tremie pipe tilts to be connected on described vertical tremie pipe, the other end is connected with described feed mechanism.Described retractor device comprises cover plate, oil cylinder and pull bar, described cover plate covers the upper end at described vertical tremie pipe, described oil cylinder is vertically set on described cover plate, and piston rod runs through cover plate and inserts in described vertical tremie pipe, the upper end of described pull bar is connected with described piston rod, and lower end is connected with described taper cock body; Described taper cock body comprises hollow conical shell, door-plate and set screw nut, described door-plate covers the bottom at hollow conical shell, and central position is provided with fixed orifices, hollow conical shell is run through in the lower end of described pull bar, and stretch out in the fixed orifices of described door-plate, described set screw nut revolves the lower end that is located at this pull bar, and this pull bar and described door-plate are fixed; The lower end of described vertical tremie pipe is provided with mounting flange, and is provided with the flange face suitable with this mounting flange on described tight socket.Can by the expanding-contracting action of retractor device control taper cock body corresponding open or close encapsulation base on discharge port, in the time that need are opened, retractor device drives taper cock body descending, raw material can enter feed bin by the gap between taper cock body and discharge port, due to the structure design of taper cock body employing taper, effectively prevent adhesion and the delay of raw material, ensure the handiness of opening and closing movement; In the time that need are closed, retractor device drives taper cock body up, and the male cone (strobilus masculinus) top of taper cock body is pressed on discharge port, to reach the object of sealing discharge port, and good sealing effect, avoid gas leakage, promote energy utilization rate, in addition compact overall structure, be easy to realize, job stability is high, operates simple and easyly, and labour intensity is little.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described interlock level gage comprises mount pad, axially thrust unit, meter position cover, cylinder barrel, feeler lever, upper proximity transducer, lower proximity transducer, sensor block and sensor mount, described axial thrust unit and cylinder barrel tile vertically are on described mount pad, the movable insertion in this cylinder barrel of described meter position cover, and upper end is connected with described axial thrust unit by STATEMENT OF FEDERALLY SPONSORED, described sensor mount is vertically mounted in described STATEMENT OF FEDERALLY SPONSORED, this sensor mount be provided with for described sensor block slide up and down action chute, this sensor block is movably arranged in this chute, described feeler lever is movable to be inserted in the cover of meter position, and upper end is connected with described sensor block, meter position cover is stretched in lower end, and extend to vertically downward in gasification body of heater, one side position of the corresponding sensor block of described upper proximity transducer is arranged on the upper end position of sensor mount, one side position of the corresponding sensor block of described lower proximity transducer is arranged on the lower end position of sensor mount.Described mount pad comprises lower of square steel and is arranged on the square steel seat of honour on lower of this square steel; Described axial thrust unit is oil cylinder or cylinder; Described STATEMENT OF FEDERALLY SPONSORED is horizontally disposed with, and its one end is fixed on the piston rod of described oil cylinder or cylinder, and the other end fixes by set screw nut and described meter position cover; Described sensor mount comprises an at right angle setting bar and an aluminium section bar, described at right angle setting bar is vertically fixed on the medium position of described STATEMENT OF FEDERALLY SPONSORED, described aluminium section bar is fixed on this at right angle setting bar, and a side of the nearly described feeler lever of this aluminium section bar stretches out, and forms described chute.Axially thrust unit and upper and lower proximity transducer adopt external structure, be not subject to tar and temperatures involved, effectively avoid tar bonding failure, not only promote the tolerance range to level gauging, also greatly increase the service life, ensure normally to work, reduce the number of times of safeguarding or changing, reduce costs, one-piece construction is simple in addition, is easy to realize.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described rotary-type water-cooled fire grate comprises drive unit, installation frame, large rotation comb and little fixing tier pole, many large rotation comb spaced and parallel also come on described installation frame, position between the large rotation comb of little fixing tier pole corresponding adjacent two is fixedly installed on described installation frame, and parallel with described large rotation comb, described drive unit is arranged on a side position of described installation frame, and be connected with all large rotation combs by transmission component, and can drive its rotation, one end on described large rotation comb is provided with rotating water axle, this rotating water axle is connected with circulating water cooling system.Described large rotation comb comprises water outlet shaft, union body and bearing support, one end sealing of described union body, and be plugged in by large base activity on a sidewall of described installation frame, the other end of this union body is connected with one end of described water outlet shaft, this water outlet shaft is arranged on described installation frame by described bearing support, the other end of this water outlet shaft is connected with one end of described rotating water axle by rotation seal joint, the other end of this rotating water axle be provided with for enter, what rising pipe was connected enters, water outlet, on the outer circumference surface of described union body, be evenly distributed with many raised lines that extend along its axial direction due, described drive unit comprises motor and speed reducer, and the drive shaft of described this motor is connected with the input terminus of described step-down gear, described transmission component comprises motor sprocket, comb sprocket wheel and driving chain, described motor sprocket is arranged on the output terminal of described step-down gear, described comb sprocket wheel is arranged on described water outlet shaft, and described motor sprocket is connected with described comb sprocket wheel by driving chain, described installation frame comprises outer frame body, rear permanent seat, front permanent seat, anti-guncotton pressing plate and panel, one sidewall of described outer frame body is provided with opening, rear permanent seat is arranged in this outer frame body, and be provided with the little axis hole suitable with described little fixing tier pole and with the suitable large axis hole of described large base, the inner side of the corresponding described opening of described front permanent seat is arranged in described outer frame body, and parallel with described rear permanent seat, this front permanent seat be provided with the little axis hole suitable with described little fixing tier pole and with the suitable shaft hole of described water outlet shaft, the outer fix of the corresponding described front permanent seat of described anti-guncotton pressing plate is arranged in described outer frame body, and contact on an end face of the nearly described front permanent seat of described little fixing tier pole, this anti-guncotton pressing plate is provided with the through hole that allows described water outlet shaft pass, described panel cover is combined on the opening of described outer frame body, described bearing support is arranged on this panel.Many large rotation comb intervals side by side, and be provided with little fixing tier pole between adjacent two large rotation combs, this little fixing tier pole can form certain barrier, eliminate the gap between original two large rotation combs, prevented from leaking out, fuel can be fully burned, make wind energy be utilized simultaneously, and because many large rotation combs synchronously rotate under the driving effect of motor, deslagging is effective, applied widely; And every large rotation comb is all independently connected to rotating water axle; be used for being connected with circulating water cooling system; so that fire grate is carried out to water-cooled protection, can realize the protection of accepting again recirculated water cooling when fire grate rotates, can not burn out fire grate; long service life; in addition can also be by controller the rotating speed to motor, working hour control, to meet the job requirement under different states, it is simple and easy, convenient to operate; labour intensity is little, and level of automation is high.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: structure design of the present invention is ingenious, reasonable, be easy to realize, effectively reduce manufacturing cost, by rational structure design, make full combustion of fuel, gasification efficiency is good, greatly improve energy utilization rate, saving resource, and good operating stability, continuously-running work, level gauging precision is high, deslagging is effective, and biomass kind adaptability is good, applied widely, can be according to material loading requirement, by changing material-uploading style, can burn the raw materials such as firewood, biomass molding fuel, palm hull, be beneficial to wide popularization and application.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment, the present invention is further described.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is perspective view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of body of heater of gasifying in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the perspective view of level gage of linking in Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is the sectional structure schematic diagram of level gage of linking in Fig. 1.
Fig. 5 puies forward the perspective view of falling door controlling organization in Fig. 1.
Fig. 6 carries the sectional structure schematic diagram that falls door controlling organization in Fig. 1.
Fig. 7 is the perspective view of rotary-type water-cooled fire grate in Fig. 1.
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of drive unit in Fig. 7.
Fig. 9 is the structural representation that in Fig. 7, installation frame is overlooked.
Figure 10 is the decomposition texture schematic diagram that in Fig. 7, installation frame is overlooked.
Figure 11 is the structural representation of large rotation comb in Fig. 7.
Embodiment
Embodiment: referring to Fig. 1 to Figure 11, a kind of biomass fuel gasification equipment that the present embodiment provides, it comprises gasification body of heater 1, rotary-type water-cooled fire grate 2, interlock level gage 3, carry and fall door controlling organization 4, feed mechanism 5, slagging device 6 and dedusting decoking system 7, the end face central position of described gasification body of heater 1 is provided with feeding mouth, bottom surface is provided with slag notch, described slagging device 6 is connected with this slag notch, described feed mechanism 5 is connected with this feeding mouth, the described junction that falls door controlling organization 4 and be arranged on this feed mechanism 5 and described feeding mouth of carrying, one side position of described interlock level gage 3 corresponding feeding mouths is arranged on the end face of gasification body of heater 1, and lower end is stretched in this gasification body of heater 1, described rotary-type water-cooled fire grate 2 is arranged on the bottom position in described gasification body of heater 1, described dedusting decoking system 7 is connected with described gasification body of heater 1.In addition, also in dedusting decoking system 7, add explosion prevention function, on dedusting decoking system 7, be connected with explosion-proof equipment 10, explosion-proof effect is good, safe.
Concrete, referring to Fig. 2, described gasification body of heater 1 comprises body skin 11, inner bag 12 and back taper drain pan 13, on the sidewall of body skin 11, be connected with vapor pipe 9, the upper end closed of described inner bag 12, stretch out in described body skin 11 lower end, and be connected with the internal space of this body skin 11, the bottom of described body skin 11 is provided with opening, described back taper drain pan 13 is arranged on the bottom of body skin 11, and by described closure of openings, described rotary-type water-cooled fire grate 2 is arranged on the junction between back taper drain pan 13 and body skin 11, and just to described opening.
Referring to Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, , described carrying fallen door controlling organization 4 and comprised vertical tremie pipe 41, inclination tremie pipe 42, tight socket 43, retractor device 44 and taper cock body 45, the bottom of described tight socket 43 is provided with the discharge port suitable with the low profile profile of described taper cock body 45, this discharge port and described feeding mouth connect, the lower end of described vertical tremie pipe 41 is vertically set on described tight socket 43, described retractor device 44 is arranged on the upper end of this vertical tremie pipe 41, and be connected with described taper cock body 45, described one end of stating inclination tremie pipe 42 tilts to be connected on described vertical tremie pipe 41, the other end is connected with described feed mechanism 5.
In the present embodiment, described retractor device 44 comprises cover plate 441, oil cylinder 442 and pull bar 443, described cover plate 441 covers the upper end at described vertical tremie pipe 41, described oil cylinder 442 is vertically set on described cover plate 441, and piston rod 444 runs through cover plate 441 and inserts in described vertical tremie pipe 41, the upper end of described pull bar 443 is connected with described piston rod, and lower end is connected with described taper cock body 45; Adopt oil cylinder 442 to control, good operating stability, expanding-contracting action is flexible.In other embodiments, this oil cylinder 442 can adopt cylinder to substitute.Described taper cock body 45 comprises hollow conical shell 451, door-plate 452 and set screw nut 453, described door-plate 452 covers the bottom at hollow conical shell 451, and central position is provided with fixed orifices, hollow conical shell 451 is run through in the lower end of described pull bar 443, and stretch out in the fixed orifices of described door-plate 452, described set screw nut 453 revolves the lower end that is located at this pull bar 443, and this pull bar 443 is fixed with described door-plate 452; For ease of dismounting operation, can be provided with mounting flange in the lower end of described vertical tremie pipe 41, and be provided with the flange face suitable with this mounting flange on described tight socket 43.Then make mounting flange and flange face align mutually, can be fixed by bolt, realize and fast vertical tremie pipe 41 being fixed on tight socket 43.Dismounting, easy to maintenance, installation period is short, can within the light maintenance phase, complete, and greatly increases work efficiency.For sealing effectiveness is further provided, can on described discharge port, be provided with sealing-ring.After closing, non-internal leakage, leak outside, good seal, without phenomenons such as leak gas, leak out, can effectively avoid flammable gas leakage, lifting energy utilization rate.Concrete, the angle a between described inclination tremie pipe 42 and vertical tremie pipe 41 is 40～50 degree.Preferably, this angle a is 43 degree, is more conducive to raw material and enters vertical tremie pipe 41, can avoid again that raw material is too fast enters vertical tremie pipe 41 simultaneously, causes latch up phenomenon, ensures normally carrying out of material loading.
In the time that need are opened, oil cylinder drives taper cock body 45 descending by pull bar, and raw material can enter feed bin by the gap between taper cock body 45 and discharge port, because taper cock body 45 adopts the structure design of taper, effectively prevent adhesion and the delay of raw material, folding handiness is good.In the time that need are closed, oil cylinder drives taper cock body 45 up by pull bar, and the male cone (strobilus masculinus) top, bottom of taper cock body 45 is pressed on discharge port, to reach the object of sealing discharge port, and owing to adopting cone-shaped seal structure, good sealing effect, avoid gas leakage, promote energy utilization rate.
Referring to Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, described interlock level gage 3 comprises mount pad 31, axially thrust unit 32, meter position cover 33, cylinder barrel 34, feeler lever 35, upper proximity transducer 36, lower proximity transducer 37, sensor block 38 and sensor mount 39, described axial thrust unit 32 and cylinder barrel 34 tile verticallies are on described mount pad 31, described meter position cover 33 movable insertions in this cylinder barrel 34, and upper end is connected with described axial thrust unit 32 by STATEMENT OF FEDERALLY SPONSORED 30, described sensor mount 39 is vertically mounted in described STATEMENT OF FEDERALLY SPONSORED 30, this sensor mount 39 be provided with for described sensor block 38 slide up and down action chute 391, this sensor block 38 is movably arranged in this chute 391, described feeler lever 35 is movable to be inserted in meter position cover 33, and upper end is connected with described sensor block 38, meter position cover 33 is stretched in lower end, and extend to vertically downward in gasification body of heater 1, one side position of the corresponding sensor block 38 of described upper proximity transducer 36 is arranged on the upper end position of sensor mount 39, one side position of the corresponding sensor block 38 of described lower proximity transducer 37 is arranged on the lower end position of sensor mount 39.Wherein said mount pad 31 comprises lower 311 of square steel and is arranged on the square steel seat of honour 312 on lower 311 of this square steel; Easy for installation simple.Can be quick installed on gasification body of heater 1 by lower 311 of square steel.In the present embodiment, described axial thrust unit 32 is preferably oil cylinder, and good operating stability is easy to control.In other embodiment, this axial thrust unit 32 can be cylinder.In specific works process, can carry out control oil pump by controller, realize the parameters such as flexible number of times to oil cylinder, speed, time and control, required to meet different measurement requirement, level of automation is high, applied widely; For promoting job stability, described STATEMENT OF FEDERALLY SPONSORED 30 is horizontally disposed with, and its one end is fixed on the piston rod of described oil cylinder or cylinder, and the other end fixes by set screw nut 301 and described meter position cover 33; Axially thrust unit 32 and cylinder barrel 34 side by side, form twin structure, good operating stability.Described sensor mount 39 comprises an at right angle setting bar 392 and an aluminium section bar 393, described at right angle setting bar 392 is vertically fixed on the medium position of described STATEMENT OF FEDERALLY SPONSORED 30, described aluminium section bar 393 is fixed on this at right angle setting bar 392, one side of the nearly described feeler lever 35 of this aluminium section bar 393 stretches out, and forms described chute 391.Structure design is ingenious, rationally.
For further improving measurement accuracy, be provided with in the lower end of described feeler lever 35 and its axial perpendicular horizontal flitch, effectively increase survey area, reduce error.Preferably, described feeler lever 35 is for stainless steel and described mount pad 31 adopt stainless steel material to make, and structural strength is large, high temperature resistant good with corrosion resistant performance, further increases the service life and promotes job stability.
When interlock level gage 3 is worked, oil cylinder drives sensor mount 39 descending by STATEMENT OF FEDERALLY SPONSORED 30, if there is material, material stops that feeler lever 35 is descending, at this moment, approaches sensing on sensor mount 39 and sense the sensor block 38 of feeler lever 35 upper ends, feed back signal, judgement has material; In the time there is no material, be that feeler lever 35 is not blocked, feeler lever 35 is descending and descending with sensor mount 39, when oil cylinder arrives after smallest limit, lower on sensor mount 39 approaches sensing and senses the sensor block 38 of feeler lever 35 upper ends, feed back signal, the piston rod of oil cylinder rises, etc. the in-hole run of a new round; Above-mentioned actuation cycle repeatedly, realizes Real-Time Monitoring material level.Simultaneously can also carry out control oil pump by controller, realize the parameters such as flexible number of times to oil cylinder, speed, time and control, in saving energy consumption, can also meet different measurement requirement required, level of automation is high, applied widely.
Referring to Fig. 7 to Figure 11, described rotary-type water-cooled fire grate 2 comprises drive unit 21, installation frame 22, large rotation comb 23 and little fixing tier pole 24, many large rotation comb 23 spaced and parallel also come on described installation frame 22, position between the large rotation comb 23 of little fixing tier pole 24 corresponding adjacent two is fixedly installed on described installation frame 22, and parallel with described large rotation comb 23, described drive unit 21 is arranged on a side position of described installation frame 22, and be connected with all large rotation combs 23 by transmission component 25, and can drive its rotation, one end on described large rotation comb 23 is provided with rotating water axle 26, this rotating water axle 26 is connected with circulating water cooling system 8.Circulating water cooling system 8 comprises water tank 83 and the water inlet pipe 81 and the rising pipe 82 that are connected with this water tank respectively, and described rising pipe 82 is provided with water pump.Concrete, described large rotation comb 23 comprises water outlet shaft 231, union body 232 and bearing support 233, one end sealing of described union body 232, and be plugged on a sidewall of described installation frame 22 by large base 234 activities, the other end of this union body 232 is connected with one end of described water outlet shaft 231, this water outlet shaft 231 is arranged on described installation frame 22 by described bearing support 233, the other end of this water outlet shaft 231 is connected with one end of described rotating water axle 26 by rotation seal joint, the other end of this rotating water axle 26 be provided with for water inlet pipe 81, the water-in 261 that rising pipe 82 is connected, water outlet 262, on the outer circumference surface of described union body 232, be evenly distributed with many raised lines 235 that extend along its axial direction due, be provided with after raised line 235 deslagging better effects if.All independently be connected to rotating water axle 26 at every large rotation comb 23; be used for being connected with circulating water cooling system 8, so that fire grate is carried out to water-cooled protection, can realize the protection of accepting again recirculated water cooling when fire grate rotates; can not burn out fire grate, length greatly increases the service life.Preferably, when installation, rotate greatly the axle center of comb 23 and little fixing tier pole 24 in same level.Further, described drive unit 21 comprises motor 211 and step-down gear 212, and the drive shaft of described this motor 211 is connected with the input terminus of described step-down gear 212; Described transmission component 25 comprises motor sprocket, comb sprocket wheel 251 and driving chain, described motor sprocket is arranged on the output terminal of described step-down gear 212, described comb sprocket wheel 251 is arranged on described water outlet shaft 231, and described motor sprocket is connected with described comb sprocket wheel 251 by driving chain; When work, under the driving of the drive shaft of motor, step-down gear 212, by the transmission of driving chain, is realized the synchronous rotations of many large rotation combs 23.Preferably, described installation frame 22 comprises outer frame body 221, rear permanent seat 222, front permanent seat 223, anti-guncotton pressing plate 224 and panel 225, one sidewall of described outer frame body 221 is provided with opening, rear permanent seat 222 is arranged in this outer frame body 221, and be provided with the little axis hole suitable with described little fixing tier pole 24 and with the suitable large axis hole of described large base 234, the inner side of described front permanent seat 223 corresponding described openings is arranged in described outer frame body 221, and parallel with described rear permanent seat 222, this front permanent seat 223 be provided with the little axis hole suitable with described little fixing tier pole 24 and with the suitable shaft hole of described water outlet shaft 231, the outer fix of described anti-guncotton pressing plate 224 corresponding described front permanent seats 223 is arranged in described outer frame body 221, and contact on an end face of described little fixing tier pole 24 nearly described front permanent seats 223, this anti-guncotton pressing plate 224 is provided with the through hole that allows described water outlet shaft 231 pass, described panel 225 covers on the opening of described outer frame body 221, described bearing support 233 is arranged on this panel 225.
When rotary-type water-cooled fire grate 2 is worked, be connected in advance by the water-in on this water outlet shaft 231 with water inlet pipe 81, water outlet is connected with rising pipe 82; Start water pump, realize water cycle and flow.Motor 211 drive speed reducer 212 are rotated, and step-down gear 212 drives all synchronous rotations at large rotation comb 23 by driving chain; Drop under the effect that waste residue rotates at large rotation comb 23 on large rotation comb 23, can discharge fast.The little fixing tier pole 24 being simultaneously arranged between adjacent two large rotation combs 23 can form certain barrier, can prevent from leaking out, and fuel can be fully burned, and makes wind energy be utilized simultaneously.
The relatively traditional water-cooling vibration furnace grate good operating stability of rotary-type water-cooled fire grate 2 in the present invention, because only need rotate, and does not need vibration.And rotate greatly comb 23 and adopt rotation mode deslagging, and be equipped with raised line 235, deslagging scope is large, and speed is fast; In addition can also be by controller the rotating speed to motor, working hour control, to meet the job requirement under different states, it is simple and easy, convenient to operate, labour intensity is little, level of automation is high.
In described gasification body of heater 1, be followed successively by drying zone, cracking zone, reduction zone, He Huishi district of zone of oxidation district by order from top to bottom.Specific works principle is, the superiors in described gasification body of heater 1 are drying zone, and temperature is 100～250 DEG C, and the hot gas that the biomass wet feed adding is generated by San Ge district, below carries out heat exchange, and moisture is wherein evaporated to water vapour, thereby is dried.Dried wet stock becomes dry material, enters cracking zone, and hot gas become combustion gas drawn vapourizing furnace use., there is scission reaction in the heating of the dry material hot gas that oxidized district and reduction zone produce in cracking zone.In this reaction, the most of volatile in biomass is volatilized.The product of cracking process has charcoal, tar, H
2, CO, CO
2, CH
4with water vapour etc., this process need heat absorption.The charcoal that cracking zone produces enters reduction zone, and the gas producing enters drying zone.In reduction zone, depleted from the oxygen that air is medium.The CO generating from oxidation zone
2react with charcoal, water vapour, generate CO and H
2.The gas generating enters cracking zone, and the complete charcoal of unreacted enters oxidation zone, and reduction reaction is also thermo-negative reaction.Vaporized chemical (air) enters gasification body of heater 1, carries out heat exchange through ash bed and hot lime-ash, after being heated, enters oxidation zone, and with red-hot charcoal generation combustion reactions, generates CO
2, emit heat simultaneously.Owing to supplying hypoxgia, therefore the burning of charcoal is also insufficient, and part generates CO, and emits heat.The gas producing enters reduction zone, ash (possible some charcoal) the Ze Jin ash entrance chamber district of formation; Meanwhile, the heat of generation provides heat for above-mentioned several regions.And the ash material forming can be used as also field of fertilizer, if using palm hull as fuel, its slag charge carbon content is higher, can reclaim, for producing gac etc.
The announcement of book and instruction according to the above description, those skilled in the art in the invention can also change and revise above-mentioned embodiment.Therefore, the present invention is not limited to embodiment disclosed and described above, also should fall in the protection domain of claim of the present invention modifications and changes more of the present invention.In addition,, although used some specific terms in this specification sheets, these terms just for convenience of description, do not form any restriction to the present invention.As described in the above embodiment the present invention, adopt structure same or analogous with it and the miscellaneous equipment that obtains, all in protection domain of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a biomass fuel gasification equipment, it is characterized in that: it comprises gasification body of heater, rotary-type water-cooled fire grate, interlock level gage, carry and fall door controlling organization, feed mechanism, slagging device and dedusting decoking system, the end face central position of described gasification body of heater is provided with feeding mouth, bottom surface is provided with slag notch, described slagging device is connected with this slag notch, described feed mechanism is connected with this feeding mouth, the described junction that falls door controlling organization and be arranged on this feed mechanism and described feeding mouth of carrying, one side position of the corresponding feeding mouth of described interlock level gage is arranged on the end face of gasification body of heater, and lower end is stretched in this gasification body of heater, described rotary-type water-cooled fire grate is arranged on the bottom position in described gasification body of heater, described dedusting decoking system is connected with described gasification body of heater.
2. biomass fuel gasification equipment according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described gasification body of heater comprises body skin, inner bag and back taper drain pan, the upper end closed of described inner bag, stretch out in described body skin lower end, and be connected with the internal space of this body skin, the bottom of described body skin is provided with opening, described back taper drain pan is arranged on the bottom of body skin, and by described closure of openings, described rotary-type water-cooled fire grate is arranged on the junction between back taper drain pan and body skin, and just to described opening.
3. biomass fuel gasification equipment according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described carrying fallen door controlling organization and comprised vertical tremie pipe, inclination tremie pipe, tight socket, retractor device and taper cock body, the bottom of described tight socket is provided with the discharge port suitable with the low profile profile of described taper cock body, this discharge port and described feeding mouth connect, the lower end of described vertical tremie pipe is vertically set on described tight socket, described retractor device is arranged on the upper end of this vertical tremie pipe, and be connected with described taper cock body, described one end of stating inclination tremie pipe tilts to be connected on described vertical tremie pipe, the other end is connected with described feed mechanism.
4. biomass fuel gasification equipment according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, described retractor device comprises cover plate, oil cylinder and pull bar, described cover plate covers the upper end at described vertical tremie pipe, described oil cylinder is vertically set on described cover plate, and piston rod runs through cover plate and inserts in described vertical tremie pipe, and the upper end of described pull bar is connected with described piston rod, and lower end is connected with described taper cock body; Described taper cock body comprises hollow conical shell, door-plate and set screw nut, described door-plate covers the bottom at hollow conical shell, and central position is provided with fixed orifices, hollow conical shell is run through in the lower end of described pull bar, and stretch out in the fixed orifices of described door-plate, described set screw nut revolves the lower end that is located at this pull bar, and this pull bar and described door-plate are fixed; The lower end of described vertical tremie pipe is provided with mounting flange, and is provided with the flange face suitable with this mounting flange on described tight socket.
5. biomass fuel gasification equipment according to claim 3, is characterized in that, the angle between described inclination tremie pipe and vertical tremie pipe is 40～50 degree.
6. biomass fuel gasification equipment according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described interlock level gage comprises mount pad, axially thrust unit, meter position cover, cylinder barrel, feeler lever, upper proximity transducer, lower proximity transducer, sensor block and sensor mount, described axial thrust unit and cylinder barrel tile vertically are on described mount pad, the movable insertion in this cylinder barrel of described meter position cover, and upper end is connected with described axial thrust unit by STATEMENT OF FEDERALLY SPONSORED, described sensor mount is vertically mounted in described STATEMENT OF FEDERALLY SPONSORED, this sensor mount be provided with for described sensor block slide up and down action chute, this sensor block is movably arranged in this chute, described feeler lever is movable to be inserted in the cover of meter position, and upper end is connected with described sensor block, meter position cover is stretched in lower end, and extend to vertically downward in gasification body of heater, one side position of the corresponding sensor block of described upper proximity transducer is arranged on the upper end position of sensor mount, one side position of the corresponding sensor block of described lower proximity transducer is arranged on the lower end position of sensor mount.
7. biomass fuel according to claim 6 gasification equipment, is characterized in that, described mount pad comprises lower of square steel and the square steel seat of honour being arranged on lower of this square steel; Described axial thrust unit is oil cylinder or cylinder; Described STATEMENT OF FEDERALLY SPONSORED is horizontally disposed with, and its one end is fixed on the piston rod of described oil cylinder or cylinder, and the other end fixes by set screw nut and described meter position cover; Described sensor mount comprises an at right angle setting bar and an aluminium section bar, described at right angle setting bar is vertically fixed on the medium position of described STATEMENT OF FEDERALLY SPONSORED, described aluminium section bar is fixed on this at right angle setting bar, and a side of the nearly described feeler lever of this aluminium section bar stretches out, and forms described chute.
8. biomass fuel gasification equipment according to claim 7, is characterized in that, the lower end of described feeler lever is provided with and its axial perpendicular horizontal flitch, and described feeler lever is stainless steel.
9. biomass fuel gasification equipment according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described rotary-type water-cooled fire grate comprises drive unit, installation frame, large rotation comb and little fixing tier pole, many large rotation comb spaced and parallel also come on described installation frame, position between the large rotation comb of little fixing tier pole corresponding adjacent two is fixedly installed on described installation frame, and parallel with described large rotation comb, described drive unit is arranged on a side position of described installation frame, and be connected with all large rotation combs by transmission component, and can drive its rotation, one end on described large rotation comb is provided with rotating water axle, this rotating water axle is connected with circulating water cooling system.
10. biomass fuel gasification equipment according to claim 9, it is characterized in that, described large rotation comb comprises water outlet shaft, union body and bearing support, one end sealing of described union body, and be plugged in by large base activity on a sidewall of described installation frame, the other end of this union body is connected with one end of described water outlet shaft, this water outlet shaft is arranged on described installation frame by described bearing support, the other end of this water outlet shaft is connected with one end of described rotating water axle by rotation seal joint, the other end of this rotating water axle be provided with for enter, what rising pipe was connected enters, water outlet, on the outer circumference surface of described union body, be evenly distributed with many raised lines that extend along its axial direction due, described drive unit comprises motor and speed reducer, and the drive shaft of described this motor is connected with the input terminus of described step-down gear, described transmission component comprises motor sprocket, comb sprocket wheel and driving chain, described motor sprocket is arranged on the output terminal of described step-down gear, described comb sprocket wheel is arranged on described water outlet shaft, and described motor sprocket is connected with described comb sprocket wheel by driving chain, described installation frame comprises outer frame body, rear permanent seat, front permanent seat, anti-guncotton pressing plate and panel, one sidewall of described outer frame body is provided with opening, rear permanent seat is arranged in this outer frame body, and be provided with the little axis hole suitable with described little fixing tier pole and with the suitable large axis hole of described large base, the inner side of the corresponding described opening of described front permanent seat is arranged in described outer frame body, and parallel with described rear permanent seat, this front permanent seat be provided with the little axis hole suitable with described little fixing tier pole and with the suitable shaft hole of described water outlet shaft, the outer fix of the corresponding described front permanent seat of described anti-guncotton pressing plate is arranged in described outer frame body, and contact on an end face of the nearly described front permanent seat of described little fixing tier pole, this anti-guncotton pressing plate is provided with the through hole that allows described water outlet shaft pass, described panel cover is combined on the opening of described outer frame body, described bearing support is arranged on this panel.
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| CN201410111661.1A CN103952183A (en) | 2014-03-25 | 2014-03-25 | Biomass combustion and gasification equipment |
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| CN201410111661.1A CN103952183A (en) | 2014-03-25 | 2014-03-25 | Biomass combustion and gasification equipment |
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Cited By (1)
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