CN103940374B - Group's hole perpendicularity detecting system that group's hole perpendicularity detection method of a kind of view-based access control model measurement and the view-based access control model of employing the method are measured - Google Patents
Group's hole perpendicularity detecting system that group's hole perpendicularity detection method of a kind of view-based access control model measurement and the view-based access control model of employing the method are measured Download PDFInfo
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- CN103940374B CN103940374B CN201410141149.1A CN201410141149A CN103940374B CN 103940374 B CN103940374 B CN 103940374B CN 201410141149 A CN201410141149 A CN 201410141149A CN 103940374 B CN103940374 B CN 103940374B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/26—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes
- G01B11/27—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes for testing the alignment of axes
- G01B11/272—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes for testing the alignment of axes using photoelectric detection means
Abstract
The present invention relates to group's hole perpendicularity detecting system that a kind of view-based access control model is measured, including: industrial camera, reference location device, cold light source and system for detecting verticality;Part to be measured has two datum planes being parallel to each other, and group hole is uniformly distributed and is applied between two datum planes;Industrial camera just to datum plane, obtains the picture rich in detail in two side group holes under the illumination of cold light source;Reference location device is arranged on datum plane;System for detecting verticality is by the image in reference location device correction group hole, and is calculated the coordinate data in two group holes by image, two groups of coordinate datas calculate the perpendicularity in group hole.Further relate to group's hole perpendicularity detection method that a kind of view-based access control model is measured.The advantage that the present invention has simple in construction, easy to operate, efficiency is high, error is little, belongs to field of measuring technique.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of measuring technique, particularly relate to a kind of view-based access control model and measure and the group hole of image procossing
System for detecting verticality and method.
Background technology
Steam generator function in one loop of nuclear power station is that the heat of catalyst carrier in reactor is delivered to two
Loop, makes secondary circuit side medium produce the steam of certain pressure through the dried steam supply of I and II steam-water separator
Turbine works, and its quality directly affects power and the efficiency in power station.Steam generator is for water vapour heat
While exchange provides steam power, also play a part to intercept radioactivity catalyst carrier, safe class belongs to I
Level equipment, it is necessary to possess high reliability and safety.Tube sheet processing is technology requirement in steam generator
One of critical process that the highest, manufacture difficulty is maximum.According to design, the gross thickness of the tube sheet of steam generator
It is 584.58 millimeters, wherein nickel alloy cladding layer 6.4mm.Tube sheet processing is exactly drill gun 9280 on tube sheet
1930 pores in individual rectangular arrangement, tube sheet has two datum planes being parallel to each other, and group uniformly divides in hole
Cloth and being applied between two datum planes, the axis in each hole is each perpendicular to datum plane.Deep hole perpendicularity
The installation of rear bearing sheet that will directly influence of deviation, and can smoothly, accurately in nearly ten thousand pores
Pass the U-tube bundle up to tens meters.
Traditional deep hole verticality measuring method is to utilize plug Simulation Center axis, and plug is inserted measured hole
In, face on the basis of end face, measuring center axis and the angular deviation of end face.If but measured hole size is relatively
Little or time hole depth is the biggest, measurement error is big and plug manufactures difficulty.Prior art also utilizes three seats in addition
The method that measures of mark, but limited for pipe due to apparatus expensive and by place and workpiece size
Plate part is inapplicable.
In sum, prior art has to deep hole squareness measurement following restriction and defect: 1, artificially read
Record measurement data, error is relatively big, and certainty of measurement and measurement efficiency are the most relatively low;2, prior art uses core
Stick simulating method, the measurement length of measured hole is limited by plug length, it is impossible to realize conveniently measuring,
And owing to being matched in clearance between plug and measured hole, the error brought is bigger;3, due to hole number very
Many, the time of measuring is long, and surveying record data are easily obscured.Therefore its measuring for verticality be badly in need of one rapidly and efficiently,
The non-contact detection method that precision is high.
Summary of the invention
For technical problem present in prior art, it is an object of the invention to: provide a kind of contactless,
Automatically group's hole perpendicularity detecting system and the method for the view-based access control model measurement of group hole measurement and perpendicularity calculating are carried out.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that
Group's hole perpendicularity detecting system that a kind of view-based access control model is measured, including: industrial camera, origin reference location fill
Put, cold light source and system for detecting verticality;Part to be measured has two datum planes being parallel to each other, and group hole is uniform
It is distributed and is applied between two datum planes;Industrial camera is just to datum plane, under the illumination of cold light source
Obtain the picture rich in detail in two side group holes;Reference location device is arranged on datum plane;System for detecting verticality
By the image in reference location device correction group hole, and calculated the coordinate data in two group holes by image,
The perpendicularity in group hole is calculated by two groups of coordinate datas.
In part to be measured, group hole includes the hole that multiple rectangular array is arranged, and the axis in hole is perpendicular to datum plane.
The most multiple holes are parallel to each other, and are applied between two datum planes.
Reference location device includes the station meter that four rhizospheres are rectangular;In group hole to be measured is enclosed in by station meter.
The two ends of station meter are provided with highlighted artificial retro-reflective target, and the certainty of measurement of station meter is less than 5um,
The flatness of the lower surface of station meter is less than 10um, and the maximum gauge difference of station meter is 20um.Wherein, highlighted
Artificial retro-reflective target is demarcated for the coordinate carrying out industrial camera;The length of station meter is surveyed through three coordinate machine
Amount is demarcated and after temperature correction, precision is better than 5um, and it is relative that the certainty of measurement of station meter refers to measured length
Departure degree in measured true value;The lower surface of station meter is better than 10um through milling back plane degree, preferably base
The flatness of object staff lower surface and the maximum gauge of station meter are to ensure that station meter fits tightly with datum level.
The material of station meter is high intensity chromium tungsten manganese alloy.Additionally, station meter also can be selected for having the coefficient of expansion
Little or the other materials of metastable requirement.
Station meter is screwed as rectangle;Reference location device also include some connect with station meter determine
Position post.Locating dowel is that cone carries out coordinating of axis coinciding with selecting fixing hole on part to be measured.
System for detecting verticality includes: image processing system, data processing module and output display module;Figure
As image clearly is carried out processing and obtaining the centre coordinate in each hole by processing system;Data processing module will
The centre coordinate in each hole carries out perpendicularity conversion;Final result is exported by output display module.
Image processing system includes: read image module, image pre-processing module, coordinate marginal position module,
Canny module, limb recognition module and ellipse fitting module;Image pre-processing module includes: image gray processing
Submodule, image filtering submodule and image binaryzation submodule.The effect reading image module is to extract
The frame rate of video image and the resolution information of image, image pre-processing module is that image is carried out gray scale
Change processes, and Filtering Processing and binary conversion treatment, coordinate marginal position module is that the marginal position to image enters
Row identifies, Canny module and limb recognition module are respectively used to be convenient for image border extracting and refinement,
Ellipse fitting module is that the edge to the circle extracted is repaired further and obtained optimal ellipse.
Group's hole perpendicularity detection method that a kind of view-based access control model is measured, comprises the steps:
A. by the group hole subregion on the side datum plane of part to be measured and mark: when measuring for the first time, by upper left hole
Be demarcated as (1,1) hole, label by left-to-right, be incremented by from top to bottom, i.e.Its
Middle n is the positive integer more than 1, and is installed on by reference location device on this side datum plane, by this district group
Hole surrounds;
B. mounting industrial camera, obtains the picture rich in detail of side datum plane in step a under the illumination of cold light source;
C. the image obtained in step b is processed by system for detecting verticality, determines the center and peripheral in hole, profit
By the high accuracy known length value of reference location device as control condition, pass through geometric rectification of imagery, it is thus achieved that
The orthograph picture of hole characteristic, corrects through ratio, obtains the actual value of hole characteristic amount, with the circle in (1,1) hole
The heart is that initial point carries out Coordinate Conversion, obtains the central coordinate of circle in each hole, surveyed region, and stores;
D., part to be measured rotates 180 ° in the horizontal plane opposite side datum plane is obtained picture rich in detail and measures,
Or directly opposite side datum plane obtained picture rich in detail and measure, now first hole in the upper right corner
Be labeled as (1 ', 1 '), label by the right side to left, be incremented by from top to bottom, i.e.Obtain with (1 ', 1 ') after system for detecting verticality processes
Under the new coordinate that the center of circle in hole is initial point the central coordinate of circle in each hole, survey region, and store;
E. two groups of coordinate datas are extracted, relatively (a, b) central coordinate of circle in hole of correspondence both sides, same hole datum plane
(xa, yb) and the central coordinate of circle (x in (a ', b ') holea′, yb′), it is thus achieved thatWherein, a and b positive integer in 1 to n is chosen;
The hole depth of this deep hole is H, then can obtain the perpendicularity in this hole, and the angle, θ of the axis runout in this hole is:
F. repeat step e and obtain porose perpendicularity, and judge whether qualified, result is exported.
In step c to e, first by reading image module reading picture, then will be obtained by image pre-processing module
The picture taken, after image gray processing submodule processes, is filtered by image filtering submodule, finally by scheming
The numerical value of the center and peripheral in each hole is proposed, finally with the length of reference location device as binaryzation submodule
Utilize length constraint to list error equation group as controlling benchmark, calculate the necessary foreign side bit of picture
Element, theoretical according to image coordinate correcting inclination and normal case photography, obtain the actual coordinate in group hole, part surface to be measured.
Generally speaking, present invention have the advantage that simple in construction, easy to operate, efficiency is high, error is little.
(1) group's hole perpendicularity detecting system that the view-based access control model of the present invention is measured, utilizes image processing system soft
Part, automatically calculates the perpendicularity of each deep hole, and carries out showing and storing, and effectively reduces artificial reading, note
Record and the error calculated.
(2) group's hole perpendicularity detecting system that the view-based access control model of the present invention is measured, it is only necessary to obtain part to be measured
Surface image, and without the centering needed for picture traditional measurement method to complicated loaded down with trivial details steps such as the hearts, therefore,
Both simplify measuring method, greatly reduce again the requirement on machining accuracy of system unit.
(3) group's hole perpendicularity detecting system that the view-based access control model of the present invention is measured, can measure multiple by batch simultaneously
Deep hole, on the premise of meeting certainty of measurement, high degree improves detection efficiency.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of group's hole perpendicularity detecting system of a kind of view-based access control model measurement of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the reference location device of the present invention.
Fig. 3 a and 3b is the image schematic diagram acquired in twice measurement.
Fig. 4 is the structured flowchart of system for detecting verticality.
Fig. 5 is the algorithm flow chart of image processing system.
Wherein, positioner on the basis of 1, plane on the basis of 2,3 is part to be measured, and 4 is cold light source, and 5 is work
Industry camera, 6 is computer (system for detecting verticality is incorporated into wherein), and 11 is highlighted artificial light echo reflection mark
Will, 12 is screw, chi on the basis of 13, and 14 is locating dowel, and 21-28 is hole.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention will be further described in detail.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of group's hole perpendicularity detecting system that a kind of view-based access control model of the present invention is measured, by
Fig. 1 understands, and group's hole perpendicularity detecting system that a kind of view-based access control model is measured includes: reference location device, cold
Light source, industrial camera and computer.Reference location device adsorbs on the side datum plane of part to be measured, work
The outfan of industry camera is connected with computer.Part to be measured is the tube sheet of steam generator, has two to be parallel to each other
Datum plane, group hole is uniformly distributed and is applied between two datum planes, and the axis in each hole is perpendicular to
Datum plane, uniformly arranges along rectangular array on datum plane in the one end in group hole.During measurement, first to
One datum plane detects, and now reference location device is arranged on this face, industrial camera and cold light source
The most just to this face;After being measured of first datum plane, then second datum plane is detected.
Reference location device has four foundation object staffs, and highlighted artificial retro-reflective target is posted at station meter two ends,
The length of station meter precision after three coordinate machine measures demarcation and temperature corrects is better than 5um.The material of station meter should
Having that the coefficient of expansion is little or metastable requirement, this example selects high intensity chromium tungsten manganese alloy.Under station meter
End face is better than 10um through milling back plane degree, and the difference of maximum gauge is 20um.Four foundation object staffs after processing
It is screwed rear rectangular and collectively constitutes reference location device with locating dowel.During measurement, station meter will be treated
Survey group hole to surround.
System for detecting verticality includes image processing system, data processing module and output display module.Figure
Obtaining the centre coordinate in each hole as the image of acquisition is carried out processing by processing system, data processing module accepts
After the centre coordinate in each hole, carry out perpendicularity conversion, and final result is exported through output display module.
Image processing system uses the form installing software in a computer, include altogether reading image module,
Image pre-processing module, coordinate marginal position module, Canny module, limb recognition module and ellipse fitting
Module.
Image pre-processing module by acquired picture through image gray processing submodule process after, by image filtering
Submodule is filtered finally being proposed the numerical value of each point by image binaryzation submodule.
Image processing system, after obtaining image, utilizes length constraint using the length of station meter as controlling benchmark
Condition lists error equation group, calculates the necessary elements of exterior orientation of image, according to image coordinate correcting inclination
Theoretical with normal case photography, obtain treating on the datum level of plate pipe the actual coordinate of gaging hole;Finally carry out each hole
Feature geometries is analyzed, it is achieved measure.
Utilizing the said detecting system detection method to group's hole perpendicularity, it is following that its feature is that the method includes
Step, (as a example by 100 holes on part to be measured):
1, the hole that two datum planes in group hole are to be measured is carried out subregion and marks, first first benchmark of mark
Plane, such as Fig. 3 a dashed region, when measuring for the first time, is demarcated as (1,1) by upper left hole
Hole, i.e. hole 21, label is incremented by from top to bottom by left-to-right, i.e.
(10,1) are hole 22, and (10,10) are hole 23, and (1,10) is hole 24;And origin reference location is filled
Put and be arranged on this datum plane.
2, mounting industrial camera, make camera lens plane parallel with datum plane.Regulation cold light source and camera
Focal length, obtains high quality graphic.
3, the digital picture received is processed by computer, accurately determines center of circular hole and edge, profit
By the high accuracy known length value of station meter as control condition, pass through geometric rectification of imagery, it is thus achieved that pore is special
The orthograph picture levied, corrects through ratio, obtains the actual value of pore characteristic quantity, with the center of circle in (1,1) hole
Carry out Coordinate Conversion for initial point, be from left to right the positive direction of X-axis, be the positive direction of Y-axis from top to bottom,
Obtain each hole, surveyed region central coordinate of circle, and store the first group of data obtained.
4, part to be measured is rotated 180 ° or at the opposite side of part to be measured, second datum plane is carried out again
Second time is measured, and now first hole in the upper right corner is labeled as (1 ', 1 '), i.e. hole 25, label is by the right side extremely
Left, be from top to bottom incremented by, i.e.Wherein, (10 ', 1 ')
For hole 26, (1 ', 10 ') are hole 27, and (10 ', 10 ') are hole 28.Obtain after computer image procossing
Under the new coordinate that the center of circle being able to (1 ', 1 ') hole is initial point the central coordinate of circle in each hole, survey region, and
Store second group of data, be the positive direction of X-axis from right to left, be the positive direction of Y-axis from top to bottom.
5, extract two groups of data, the central coordinate of circle that relatively two ends, same hole are corresponding, such as (1,1) and
(1 ', 1 '), it is thus achieved that
The hole depth of this deep hole is H (H is directly to measure the distance between two datum planes), then can obtain hanging down of this hole
Straight degree.The angle, θ of the axis runout in this hole is:
θ=tan-1(L/H);
Same method obtains porose perpendicularity, and judges whether qualified, is shown by final result.
The various parameter such as surface apertures, bridge also can be obtained in addition to perpendicularity.
Above-described embodiment is the present invention preferably embodiment, but embodiments of the present invention are not by above-described embodiment
Restriction, the change made under other any spirit without departing from the present invention and principle, modify, replace
In generation, combine, simplify, all should be the substitute mode of equivalence, within being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. group's hole perpendicularity detection method that a view-based access control model is measured, it is characterised in that: comprise the steps:
A. by the group hole subregion on the side datum plane of part to be measured and mark: when measuring for the first time, by upper left hole
Be demarcated as (1,1) hole, label by left-to-right, be incremented by from top to bottom, i.e.Its
Middle n is the positive integer more than 1, and is installed on by reference location device on this side datum plane, by this district group
Hole surrounds;
B. mounting industrial camera, obtains the picture rich in detail of side datum plane in step a under the illumination of cold light source;
C. the image obtained in step b is processed by system for detecting verticality, determines the center and peripheral in hole, profit
By the high accuracy known length value of reference location device as control condition, pass through geometric rectification of imagery, it is thus achieved that
The orthograph picture of hole characteristic, corrects through ratio, obtains the actual value of hole characteristic amount, with the circle in (1,1) hole
The heart is that initial point carries out Coordinate Conversion, obtains the central coordinate of circle in each hole, surveyed region, and stores;
D., part to be measured rotates 180 ° in the horizontal plane opposite side datum plane is obtained picture rich in detail and measures,
Or directly opposite side datum plane obtained picture rich in detail and measure, now first hole in the upper right corner
Be labeled as (1 ', 1 '), label by the right side to left, be incremented by from top to bottom, i.e.Obtain with (1 ', 1 ') after system for detecting verticality processes
Under the new coordinate that the center of circle in hole is initial point the central coordinate of circle in each hole, survey region, and store;
E. two groups of coordinate datas are extracted, relatively (a, b) central coordinate of circle in hole of correspondence both sides, same hole datum plane
(xa, yb) and the central coordinate of circle (x in (a ', b ') holea′, yb′), it is thus achieved that
Wherein, a and b positive integer in 1 to n is chosen;
The hole depth in this hole is H, then can obtain the perpendicularity in this hole, and the angle, θ of the axis runout in this hole is:
F. repeat step e and obtain porose perpendicularity, and judge whether qualified, result is exported.
2. the group's hole perpendicularity detection method measured according to a kind of view-based access control model described in claim 1, it is characterised in that:
In described step c to e, first by reading image module reading picture, then by image pre-processing module by acquired
Picture through image gray processing submodule process after, image filtering submodule be filtered, by image two-value
Beggar's module proposes the numerical value of the center and peripheral in each hole, finally using the length of reference location device as control
Benchmark processed, utilizes length constraint to list error equation group, calculates the necessary elements of exterior orientation of picture,
Theoretical according to image coordinate correcting inclination and normal case photography, obtain the actual coordinate in group hole, part surface to be measured.
3. use the one of group's hole perpendicularity detection method that a kind of view-based access control model described in claim 1 measures based on
Group's hole perpendicularity detecting system of vision measurement, it is characterised in that: including: industrial camera, origin reference location fill
Put, cold light source and system for detecting verticality;
Part to be measured has two datum planes being parallel to each other, and group hole is uniformly distributed and is applied between two datum planes;
Industrial camera just to datum plane, obtains the picture rich in detail in two side group holes under the illumination of cold light source;
Reference location device is arranged on datum plane;
System for detecting verticality is by the image in reference location device correction group hole, and calculates two groups by image
The coordinate data in hole, is calculated the perpendicularity in group hole by two groups of coordinate datas.
4. use the one of group's hole perpendicularity detection method that a kind of view-based access control model described in claim 3 measures based on
Group's hole perpendicularity detecting system of vision measurement, it is characterised in that: in described part to be measured, group hole includes multiple
The hole of rectangular array arrangement, the axis in hole is perpendicular to datum plane.
5. use the one of group's hole perpendicularity detection method that a kind of view-based access control model described in claim 3 measures based on
Group's hole perpendicularity detecting system of vision measurement, it is characterised in that: described reference location device includes four rhizospheres
Rectangular station meter;In group hole to be measured is enclosed in by station meter.
6. use the one of group's hole perpendicularity detection method that a kind of view-based access control model described in claim 5 measures based on
Group's hole perpendicularity detecting system of vision measurement, it is characterised in that: the two ends of described station meter are provided with highlighted people
Work retro-reflective target, the certainty of measurement of station meter is less than 5um, and the flatness of the lower surface of station meter is less than
10um, the maximum gauge difference of station meter is 20um.
7. use the one of group's hole perpendicularity detection method that a kind of view-based access control model described in claim 5 measures based on
Group's hole perpendicularity detecting system of vision measurement, it is characterised in that: the material of described station meter is high intensity chromium
Tungsten manganese alloy.
8. use the one of group's hole perpendicularity detection method that a kind of view-based access control model described in claim 5 measures based on
Group's hole perpendicularity detecting system of vision measurement, it is characterised in that: described station meter is screwed as square
Shape;Reference location device also includes some locating dowels connected with station meter.
9. use the one of group's hole perpendicularity detection method that a kind of view-based access control model described in claim 3 measures based on
Group's hole perpendicularity detecting system of vision measurement, it is characterised in that: described system for detecting verticality includes: figure
As processing system, data processing module and output display module;
Image clearly is carried out processing and obtaining the centre coordinate in each hole by image processing system;
The centre coordinate in each hole is carried out perpendicularity conversion by data processing module;
Final result is exported by output display module.
10. a kind of base of group's hole perpendicularity detection method that the employing a kind of view-based access control model described in claim 9 is measured
Group's hole perpendicularity detecting system in vision measurement, it is characterised in that:
Described image processing system includes: read image module, image pre-processing module, coordinate marginal position module,
Canny module, limb recognition module and ellipse fitting module;
Image pre-processing module includes: image gray processing submodule, image filtering submodule and image binaryzation submodule
Block.
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PCT/CN2014/092654 WO2015154487A1 (en) | 2014-04-09 | 2014-12-01 | Grouped holes verticality detection system and method based on visual measurement |
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