CN103931886B - A kind of enteromorpha feed additive, preparation method and its usage - Google Patents
A kind of enteromorpha feed additive, preparation method and its usage Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of enteromorpha feed additive, preparation method and its usage.Being prepared as of this enteromorpha feed additive: Entermorpha collection, cleans；Entermorpha drying and processing；Entermorpha is pulverized after obtaining Enteromorpha algae powder and is carried out anaerobic fermentation, adds cellulase, yeast mycopowder and lactobacillus powder, adds a certain amount of water, mix homogeneously, loads in fermentation bag, and sealing and fermenting obtains fermenting enteromorpha liquid and is feed additive.The present invention also protects the preparation method of this enteromorpha feed additive；And the purposes for aquatic feeds.The feed additive of the present invention can utilize the nutritional labeling of Entermorpha to greatest extent, simple to operate, easy to use, is greatly facilitated the feed additive of Aquatic product growth.Aquatic product many index after simultaneously raising all has preferable effect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to feed additive field, particularly relate to a kind of enteromorpha feed additive, preparation method and its usage.
Background technology
In recent years, carry out a series of researchs that algae is applied in aquatic feeds industry both at home and abroad, especially international
On algae is applied to the research more system and deeply of aquatic feeds industry.The multinational business carrying out algae, particularly microalgae
Product metaplasia is produced and China's research in this respect is started late, and studies not system, aquatic feeds only may utilize the kind of algae
, occupation mode, usage amount, using effect etc. done some researchs.
Soler-Vila etc. use tangleweed (Porphyra dioica) powder of different content (5%, 10% and 15%) to join
The fat mixed feed such as nitrogen that waits of system is thrown something and fed rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) respectively, found that: use 10% Sargassum powder
Rainbow trout mixed feed, effectively improve the muscle color of rainbow trout, improve the value of the product of rainbow trout.The research such as Eegun is sent out
It is existing, throw something and feed respectively use 0% or the ulva lactuca powder of 5 %, crude protein 40 %, lipid is respectively 4 kinds of cooperations of 10% and 20%
The bolti (Oreochromis niloticus) of feedstuff, uses ulva lactuca powder, improves the particular growth of bolti
Rate.Feed efficiency and protein efficiency ratio, PER, significantly reduce its muscle fat content.Onder etc. have studied mixed feed and add 10%
Ulva (Ulva lactuca) powder and the Entermorpha powder impact on rainbow trout growth performance, body composition and feed efficiency etc., result table
The ulva lactuca powder of bright use 10% or Entermorpha powder all can reduce the speed of growth and the efficiency of feed utilization of fish.Hiskia Megameno
Asino research finds that adding Entermorpha in feedstuff can promote the growth of Carnis Pseudosciaenae juvenile fish, and its specific growth rate is along with Entermorpha content
Raise and raise.
Entermorpha be a class high protein, high dietary-fiber, polysaccharide, rich in mineral element, low-fat large-scale chlorella, extensively
It is grown on each marine site, the world, there is the strongest natural propagation ability.In every flouring season, sea can form " green tide ", from
And cause the frustration in ecological environment.Exploitation Entermorpha is a kind of feeding additive aquatic animal, not only turns waste into wealth, and resource obtains rationally
Change and utilize, more enrich the raw material sources of aquatic feeds.
In recent years, about the research of Entermorpha, never it is interrupted.Guan Hongbin etc. have studied enteromorpha additive aquatic feed
The suitableeest processing technique, by fresh Entermorpha ultrasound wave or citric acid treatment, the amount with 20% adds in formula forage, stirring and evenly mixing
It is placed in 30 ~ 38 DEG C and continues fermentation 1 ~ 2 hour, make granulated meal, in 60 DEG C of oven drying at low temperature molding [CN 102613400A].
Su Xiurong etc. have invented a kind of method that fermenting enteromorpha prepares feed additive, Entermorpha, fly larvae and water are made into fermentation liquid, add
Add by Bacillus cercus, bacillus subtilis, Bacillus pumilus, Bacillus licheniformis and alternately Pseudomonas form
Composite bacteria liquid, aerobic fermentation under the conditions of fermentation temperature is 25 ~ 45 DEG C, fermentation time is 12 ~ 72 hours, is spray-dried after fermentation
Obtain this feed additive [CN101669580B].Gao Xiangs etc. describe the method utilizing Entermorpha lixiviating solution to produce fermented feed,
By feedstuff, fermented bacterium and Entermorpha lixiviating solution mix and blend, and heat-preservation fermentation 32 ~ 72 hours [CN102813057A].
But above method is complicated, being not easy to operation, the utilization rate of Entermorpha is the highest simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of nutritional labeling utilizing Entermorpha to greatest extent, simple to operate, easy to use,
It is greatly facilitated the feed additive of Aquatic product growth.
For achieving the above object, the present invention provides a kind of enteromorpha feed additive, it is characterised in that by following preparation method
Prepare,
Entermorpha gathers, and cleans；
Entermorpha drying and processing: the Entermorpha after cleaning drains, dry in the sun, during until staying without water droplet, putting into 60 DEG C of baking ovens and drying
Do to becoming strip by Manual pulverizing；
The pulverizing of Entermorpha: utilize Lowtemperaturepulverizer, the strip Entermorpha algae powder after drying and processing, crosses 60 mesh sieves,
Obtain Enteromorpha algae powder；
Anaerobic fermentation: in described Enteromorpha algae powder, adds cellulase, yeast mycopowder and lactobacillus powder, adds a certain amount of
Water, mix homogeneously, load in fermentation bag, sealing and fermenting obtains fermenting enteromorpha liquid and is feed additive.
Described Entermorpha collection, the cleaning in cleaning is first to rinse with sea water filter, then rinse 1-3 time with tap water.
In the micronizing of described Entermorpha, low temperature refers to that temperature is 10 DEG C.
In described anaerobic fermentation, the consumption of described each composition is described Enteromorpha algae powder: yeast mycopowder: lactobacillus powder: fiber
Element enzyme liquid: 3,000,000,000 cfu/g lactobacillus powder: the 2ml of 5,000,000,000 cfu/g yeast mycopowder: the 1g of distilled water=600g Enteromorpha algae powder: 1g are fine
Dimension element enzyme: 1400mL distilled water；Described yeast is beer yeast, and lactic acid bacteria is bacillus acidophilus.
In described anaerobic fermentation, described fermentation condition is 25 ~ 35 DEG C, preferably 30 DEG C；Fermentation time is 5 days.
In described anaerobic fermentation, fermentation bag is 350*450mm, and thickness is 10.
The preparation method of described enteromorpha feed additive, it is characterised in that include,
Entermorpha gathers, and cleans；
Entermorpha drying and processing: the Entermorpha after cleaning drains, dry in the sun, during until staying without water droplet, putting into 60 DEG C of baking ovens and drying
Do to becoming strip by Manual pulverizing；
The micronizing of Entermorpha: utilize Lowtemperaturepulverizer, the strip Entermorpha algae powder after drying and processing, crosses 60 mesh
Sieve, obtains Enteromorpha algae powder；
Anaerobic fermentation: in described Enteromorpha algae powder, adds cellulase, yeast mycopowder and lactobacillus powder, adds a certain amount of
Water, mix homogeneously, load in fermentation bag, sealing and fermenting obtains fermenting enteromorpha liquid and is feed additive；
Optional, described Entermorpha collection, the cleaning in cleaning is first to rinse with sea water filter, then rinses 1-3 with tap water
Secondary；
Optional, in the micronizing of described Entermorpha, low temperature refers to that temperature is 10 DEG C；
Optional, in described anaerobic fermentation, the consumption of described each composition is described Enteromorpha algae powder: yeast mycopowder: lactic acid bacteria
Powder: cellulase: the 3000000000 cfu/g lactobacillus powder of 5,000,000,000 cfu/g yeast mycopowder: the 1g of distilled water=600g Enteromorpha algae powder: 1g:
2ml cellulase solution: 1400mL distilled water；
Optional, in described anaerobic fermentation, described fermentation condition is 25 ~ 35 DEG C, preferably 30 DEG C；Fermentation time is 5 days.
Optional, in described anaerobic fermentation, fermentation bag is 350*450mm, and thickness is 10.
Described enteromorpha feed additive, for the purposes of aquatic feeds, is preferably used for the use of Fish and shrimp feed
On the way.
Described enteromorpha feed additive is in the purposes of aquatic feeds, and enteromorpha feed additive addition is that Aquatic product is raised
2-5 weight % of material.
Described enteromorpha feed additive is in the purposes of aquatic feeds, and enteromorpha feed additive addition is that Aquatic product is raised
2-4 weight % of material.
In the present invention, it is in the Entermorpha of coarse pulverization, adds cellulase, lactic acid bacteria, yeast, be allowed to mixing all
Even, seal anaerobic fermentation, fermentation temperature is 25 ~ 35 DEG C, and fermentation time is 5 days.Then fermenting enteromorpha liquid is joined business to join
Close in feedstuff, mix homogeneously, make granulated meal.Cellulase can abolish Entermorpha cell wall so that it is active substance and battalion
Foster element is preferably dissolved in feedstuff.Lactic acid bacteria, yeast can not only efficient degradation sea grass polysaccharide, albumen and cellulose, fill
Subrelease puts the internal nutrient of Entermorpha, accelerates fermenting enteromorpha speed, and taste is better can to make Entermorpha, and fragrance is richer, as
Additive uses, and strengthens its food calling effect.
Cellulase used by the present invention can decompose plant cell wall so that the effectively nutrition such as sea grass polysaccharide, protein
Composition efficiently discharges, and energy degrading plant high polymer composition, such as pectin, starch, lignin etc..Research proves, cellulose
The structural polysaccharide of enzyme degradable plant is monosaccharide, obtains sufficient substrate for lactic acid bacteria fermentation, significantly improves fermentation quality [5-
6].Novi letter plant composite hydrolytic enzyme Viscozymel is a kind of containing various carbohydrases, including arabanase, fiber
Element enzyme, 1,4 beta-glucanase, hemicellulase and xylanase, at interior Combizym, are a kind of blue or green brown liquids, and density is
1.2g/L。
Lactic acid bacteria, yeast, cellulase act on Enteromorpha algae powder jointly, obtain the effect that is multiplied, significantly after fermentation
Improve fermentation quality.
The fermenting enteromorpha technology path of the present invention is:
Fresh Entermorpha collection is cleaned and is drained, dry in the sun, and during until staying without water droplet, putting into 60 DEG C of oven for drying extremely can
Manual pulverizing becomes strip to pulverize: utilize Lowtemperaturepulverizer, the Entermorpha algae powder dried, crosses 60 mesh sieves；Anaerobism is sent out
Ferment obtains fermenting enteromorpha liquid and is feed additive.
During use, gained feed additive is mixed homogeneously with conventional feed according to certain ratio and be made into aquatic feeds
Feed Fish or shrimps.
The temperature of micronizing of the present invention is 10 DEG C, and temperature is too high, may destroy the chemical constitution of Entermorpha composition, as many
Phenols.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiments of the invention are described below in detail, and the example of described embodiment is intended to for explaining the present invention, and can not
It is interpreted as limitation of the present invention.Unreceipted concrete technology or condition person in embodiment, described by the document in this area
Technology or condition or carry out according to product description.Agents useful for same or instrument unreceipted production firm person, be and can lead to
Cross city available from conventional products.
Embodiment 1: the preparation of feed additive
Entermorpha gathers, and cleans: the 3-4 month in 2012 is each beach and Quanzhouwan ground in collection U.S., Xiang peace, Tongan City, Xiamen Island
District gathers Entermorpha raw material, rinses through sea water filter, removes mud, take back laboratory, and continuation tap water rinses 2 times.
Entermorpha drying and processing: the Entermorpha after cleaning drains, dry in the sun, during until staying without water droplet, putting into 60 DEG C of baking ovens and drying
Do to becoming strip by Manual pulverizing；
The micronizing of Entermorpha: utilize Lowtemperaturepulverizer, temperature is 10 DEG C, and the strip Entermorpha after drying and processing is made
Algae powder, crosses 60 mesh sieves, obtains Enteromorpha algae powder；
Anaerobic fermentation: in Enteromorpha algae powder, adds 0.1% cellulase (Novi's letter composite plant hydrolytic enzyme
ViscozymeL), 0.05% yeast mycopowder (5,000,000,000 cfu/g) and 0.05% lactobacillus powder (3,000,000,000 cfu/g) (the green section in Jiangsu), interpolation
The water of 70%, mix homogeneously, loading specification is 350*450mm, and thickness is that the fermentation bag of 10 (is purchased from Wenzhou and creates good packaging material
Company limited) in, sealing and fermenting 5 days.In 600g Enteromorpha algae powder, add 1g yeast mycopowder, 1g lactobacillus powder and 2ml fiber
Element enzyme liquid, is dissolved in 1400mL distilled water, and 30 DEG C of sealing and fermenting 5 days obtain feed additive.
Embodiment 2: aquaculture is tested
1) culture experiment of Red Tilapia
At the business mixed feed of Red Tilapia, (being purchased from the compound feed of tilapia of Xiamen Yin Xiang feed companies, composition is shown in
Tables 1 and 2) in, it is separately added into the fermentation Entermorpha of 0%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, uniformly mixes, utilize that CD4 × 17S is multi-functional to be urged
Changing the granular pattern feedstuff that shaping mechanism becomes particle diameter to be 2.5mm, throwing something and feeding to average body quality is 4.69 ± 1.98g, body a length of 5.16
± 0.63cm Red Tilapia seedling.Test the addition 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5% according to fermentation Entermorpha and be divided into 5 groups and one comparisons
Group (addition is 0%), often group 3 parallel, every cylinder 30 tail fish, experimental period 49d.During formal test, left by the 3% of quality of fishes
Right determining feeding volume, according to ingesting, situation adjusts, with throw raise after eat up on the spot and be advisable, throw something and feed every day 2 times (9:00,17:00), often
It changes water about 50%, by washing dirt bottom sewage pump and siphon cleaning water vat, inflates round the clock, water temperature 26 DEG C～36 DEG C, molten
Oxygen 5.7～8.0mg/l, pH is 6.5～7.9, tests and carries out in Collects The American University's Aquatic product base in July, 2012-August.
The business mixed feed component list of table 1 Red Tilapia
The nutrient composition content table of table 2 Red Tilapia
After culture experiment terminates, collect growth data, gather experiment sample, including serum, stomach, intestinal tissue and full fish sample
This, be respectively placed in-80 DEG C of refrigerators and save backup.Full fish sample is for test experience fish basic nutrition composition, including moisture, slightly
Albumen, crude fat, ash.According to the growth data collected, according to the growth indexes of the equation below each test group of calculating:
Increase quality rate (mass gain rate)=(net gain-initial mass × survival rate)/initial mass × 100
Specific growth rate (Specific growth rate)=(end quality-first quality)/cultivation natural law × 100
Feed coefficient (feed conversion ratio, FCR)=quality of always throwing something and feeding/(end quality-first quality) × 100
Survival rate (survival rate.SR)=test end fish number/test just tail fish number × 100
Liver body index (hepatosomatic index)=liver mass/weight × 100
Coefficient of condition (Condition factor, CF)=body weight/body length × body length × body length × 100
Sample serum is used for detecting serum non-specific immunity enzyme, including total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), acid phosphatase
Enzyme (ACP), alkali phosphatase (AKP), lysozyme (LSZ), total serum protein.Stomach, intestinal tissue are used for detecting digestive enzyme, including stomach
Protease, trypsin, amylase, lipase.Above index all detects with test kit (Nanjing Bioengineering Research Institute).
2) culture experiment of Penaeus vannamei
Equally, the business mixed feed at Penaeus vannamei (is purchased from the Penaeus vannamei cooperation of Xiamen Yin Xiang feed companies to raise
Material, composition be shown in Table 3 and table 4) in, be separately added into the fermentation Entermorpha of 0%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, uniformly mix, utilize CD4 ×
The granular pattern feedstuff that 17S multi-functional catalysis shaping mechanism becomes particle diameter to be 0.8mm, throwing something and feeding to average body quality is 1.20 ± 0.51g,
The Penaeus vannamei seedling of a length of 4.23 ± 0.60cm of body.Test the addition 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5% according to fermentation Entermorpha to be divided into
5 groups and a matched group (addition is 0%), often group 3 parallel, every cylinder 25 tail shrimp, experimental period 28d.During formal test, 24h
Continuous charge, daily ration, feeding quantity is the 6% of shrimp weight, and in 8:00,12:00,18:00 throw something and feed, and accounts for the 20% of total daily ration, feeding quantity, 20% respectively,
60%, and make suitably adjustment according to shelling, health status and the size thereof of prawn and the situation such as water quality, weather, raise water temperature
Being 28.2 ± 1 DEG C, pH is 7.4～8.0, and salinity is 5 ‰, changes water 1/5, lucifuge cultivation 28d every 1d.Test in August, 2012-
JIUYUE is carried out in Collects The American University's Aquatic product base.
The business mixed feed component list of table 3 Penaeus vannamei
The nutrient composition content table of table 4 Penaeus vannamei
After culture experiment terminates, collect growth data, gather experiment sample, including hepatopancrease, stomach, intestinal tissue, respectively
It is placed in-80 DEG C of refrigerators and saves backup.Growth indexes calculates such as above-mentioned formula.Hepatopancrease sample is used for detecting non-specific exempting from
Epidemic disease enzyme, including phenol oxidase (PO), total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), acid phosphatase (ACP), alkali phosphatase (AKP).
Stomach, intestinal tissue are used for detecting digestive enzyme, including pepsin, trypsin, amylase, lipase.Wherein, phenol oxidase detection
Being that the method with reference to Ashida (1971) is carried out, remaining index all detects with test kit (Nanjing Bioengineering Research Institute).
Effect
1, the fermentation Entermorpha impact on basic nutrition composition
Table 5, table 6 are that fermentation Entermorpha is on Red Tilapia and the impact of valve shore prawn basic nutrition composition.By table 5, table
6, it is found that after adding fermentation Entermorpha in feedstuff, the basic nutrition composition of Red Tilapia and valve shore prawn is the most significantly
Change, without meaning statistically.
The full fish basic nutrition component list of table 5
Table 6 shrimp body basic nutrition component list
2, the fermentation Entermorpha impact on nonspecific immunity enzyme
Table 7 Entermorpha that ferments affects table to Red Tilapia nonspecific immunity enzyme
Note: * refers to compared with matched group variant in 0.05 level；* refers to compared with matched group variant in 0.01 level.
Following table is same.
As shown in Table 7, after adding fermentation Entermorpha, compared with matched group, the superoxide dismutase T-SOD of Red Tilapia,
Lysozyme LSZ all has certain growth, and wherein T-SOD is when Entermorpha addition is 3%, 4%, significant difference (P < 0.05), and LSZ
Then when addition is 2%, 3%, 4%, all there were significant differences (P < 0.05), when adding 5% fermentation Entermorpha, shows as pole significance difference
Different (P < 0.01).Relative to matched group, acid phosphatase ACP vigor when Entermorpha addition is 2%, 3%, 4% has certain increasing
Long, add 4% fermentation Entermorpha and make enzyme arrival alive maximum (P < 0.01).Alkali phosphatase AKP is 3% also in Entermorpha addition
Time, enzyme is lived and is reached maximum (P < 0.01), and 2%, 4% group has significant difference (P < 0.05) compared with matched group.Add fermentation waterside
When tongue is to 4%, the total serum protein of Red Tilapia is all improved to some extent, and when addition is 3%, 4%, shows as difference
Significantly (P < 0.05).
Table 8 Entermorpha that ferments affects table to Litopenaeus vannamei nonspecific immunity enzyme
As shown in Table 8, ACP, in 4% interpolation group best results, adds 44.1% than matched group.AKP, SOD are all 3% group and reach
To maximum, add 47.1%, 44.2% respectively.The PO of fermentation Entermorpha 3% interpolation group is 17.9 times of matched group, increases at most.
Wherein 2% group of ACP and matched group significant difference (P < 0.05), AKP, SOD, PO are all extremely notable (P < 0.01) with matched group difference.3%
Group ACP, AKP, SOD, PO are all extremely notable (P < 0.01) with matched group difference.4% and 5% group of ACP, AKP, SOD are all poor with matched group
Heteropole is notable, and PO is then without significant correlation.
3, the fermentation Entermorpha impact on digestive enzyme
Table 9 Entermorpha that ferments affects table to Red Tilapia digestive enzyme
By table 9, after adding fermentation Entermorpha in feedstuff, Red Tilapia stomach, the digestive enzyme activity of intestinal tissue all have one
Fixed raising.When adding 2%, 3% fermentation Entermorpha, peptic activity of stomach difference compared with matched group is extremely notable (P < 0.01)；Intestinal egg
In white enzyme index, be equally 2%, 3% group extremely notable with matched group difference, 4% group then shows as significant difference (P < 0.05).Add
During 1%-4% fermentation Entermorpha, entero-amylase all shows as extremely notable (P < 0.01) with matched group difference；Add 2%, 4% fermentation Entermorpha
Time, pepsin work and matched group significant difference (P < 0.05), when addition is 3%, pepsin activity reaches maximum, with
Matched group difference is extremely notable (P < 0.01).Understand from the measurement result of lipase, when adding the Entermorpha of 1%-4%, gastric lipase,
Intestinal lipase is all extremely notable (P < 0.01) with matched group difference.
Table 10 Entermorpha that ferments affects table to valve shore prawn digestive enzyme
As shown in Table 10, after feedstuff adds fermentation Entermorpha, compared with matched group, Litopenaeus vannamei digestive enzyme achievement data
All increase.Gastrointestinal amylase, pepsin, gastrointestinal lipase all reaches maximum at 3% group, relative to matched group, respectively
Add 44.8%, 42.5%, 47.4%, 40.6%, 52.9%, erepsin, 2% group of best results, improves 39.1%.2% group
Stomach amylase, erepsin, gastric lipase and matched group difference are extremely notable (P < 0.01), intestinal lipase and matched group significant difference
(P<0.05).3% group of stomach amylase, entero-amylase, pepsin, gastric lipase, intestinal lipase are all the most notable with matched group difference
(P < 0.01), erepsin and matched group significant difference (P < 0.05).4% group of gastric lipase, intestinal lipase and matched group difference pole
Significantly (P < 0.01), stomach amylase, entero-amylase, erepsin all with matched group significant difference (P < 0.05).5% group of tripe tallow fat
Enzyme and matched group difference are extremely notable (P < 0.01).
4, growth indexes
Table 11 Entermorpha that ferments affects table to Red Tilapia growth indexes
By table 11, the increasing quality rate of Red Tilapia, specific growth rate, coefficient of condition are along with the increase of Entermorpha addition
And increase, wherein when Entermorpha addition is 3%, compared with matched group, increasing quality rate shows as pole significant difference (P < 0.01),
Specific growth rate, coefficient of condition significant difference (P < 0.05).When Entermorpha addition is 4%, 5%, increase quality rate, specific growth rate,
Coefficient of condition, compares with matched group, the extremely notable P < 0.01 of difference.Feed coefficient, when Entermorpha addition is 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, all has
Being reduced, wherein reach minimum at 4% group, 3%-5% group all has pole significant difference (P < 0.01) compared with compareing 0% group, and 2% group
Only there is significant difference (P < 0.05), when addition is 4%, increases quality rate, specific growth rate and all reached maximum, relatively with
0% group, they have been respectively increased 12.95%(P < 0.01), 11.31%(P < 0.01), equally, feed coefficient also reduces 20.76%.
Table 12 Entermorpha that ferments affects table to Growth of Litopenaeus vannamei index
As shown in Table 12, after adding fermentation Entermorpha in feedstuff, specific growth rate, increasing quality rate, coefficient of condition and survival rate are all
Increase.Relative to matched group, 1%, 2%, 3% group of feed coefficient all decreases, and wherein 3% group of feed coefficient is minimum, reduces
9.6%.Increase quality rate, specific growth rate, coefficient of condition, survival rate and all reach maximum at 3% group, add 30.1% respectively,
4.0%, 18.5%, 4.2%, the most only 3% group increases quality rate and matched group significant difference (P < 0.05), remaining group of remaining index with
Matched group is all without significant correlation.
Pass through data above, it can be deduced that:
In the feedstuff of Red Tilapia, add 4% fermentation Entermorpha can significantly promote that it grow, improve immunity with
Digestive enzyme activity.But when addition is 5%, the rate of growth of fish body, immunity and digestive enzyme activity decrease.
Fermentation Entermorpha can use as the feed additive of Litopenaeus vannamei, and the fermentation Entermorpha adding 3% can be significant
Promote that it grows, energy facilitating digestion absorbability, reduces feed coefficient, and can promote that nonspecific immunity level improves.
Embodiment 3: feed additive orthogonal test
In Enteromorpha algae powder, add different amounts of cellulase (Novi letter composite plant hydrolytic enzyme ViscozymeL), ferment
Female mycopowder (beer yeast 5,000,000,000 cfu/g) and lactobacillus powder (bacillus acidophilus 3,000,000,000 cfu/g) (mycopowder soaks 4 hours before using)
Carrying out orthogonal experiment, such as table 13, often organize the water all adding 70%, mix homogeneously, loading specification is 350*450mm, and thickness is 10
Fermentation bag in, sealing and fermenting 5 days, and measure index of correlation.The orthogonal test combination that table 13 is under different condition.
Table 13 orthogonal experiment is grouped:
| Factor | A | B | C | D |
| 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 30 |
| 2 | 0 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 25 |
| 3 | 0 | 0.10 | 0.10 | 35 |
| 4 | 0.05 | 0 | 0.05 | 35 |
| 5 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.10 | 30 |
| 6 | 0.05 | 0.10 | 0 | 25 |
| 7 | 0.10 | 0 | 0.10 | 25 |
| 8 | 0.10 | 0.05 | 0 | 35 |
| 9 | 0.10 | 0.10 | 0.05 | 30 |
Wherein A is for adding lactic acid bacteria mass percent；B is for adding yeast mass percent；C is for adding cellulase body
Long-pending percentage ratio；D is temperature.
Fermentation Entermorpha nutrition Quality Analysis
After table 14 is orthogonal experiment, the analytical table directly perceived of fermentation Entermorpha soluble sugar content.Table 15 be orthogonal test color and luster,
Abnormal smells from the patient, pH value, ammonia nitrogen content result table.By table 14, the primary and secondary that fermentation Entermorpha soluble sugar content is affected by four factors
Order is C > A > B > D, and what each factor average was maximum is combined as C3A2B2D1, the most optimal technological condition for fermentation is in Enteromorpha algae powder
Add 0.10% cellulase, 0.05% lactic acid bacteria, 0.05% yeast, anaerobic fermentation under the conditions of temperature is 30 DEG C.Table 15 is just
After handing over experiment, the pH value of each group and ammonia nitrogen content.As can be seen from Table 15, the 5th group i.e. optimum combination, pH value below 5 and
Extremely notable (P < 0.01) with the 1st group i.e. matched group difference, ammonia nitrogen content also with matched group significant difference (P < 0.05), than it
Reducing by 9.8%, abnormal smells from the patient has sour fragrance, and color and luster is normal.
Table 14 L9(34) Orthogonal experiment results soluble sugar analytical table directly perceived
| Experiment number | A | B | C | D | Soluble sugar (%) |
| 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 30 | 7.43 |
| 2 | 0 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 25 | 7.75 |
| 3 | 0 | 0.10 | 0.10 | 35 | 8.64 |
| 4 | 0.05 | 0 | 0.05 | 35 | 8.34 |
| 5 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.10 | 30 | 9.47 |
| 6 | 0.05 | 0.10 | 0 | 25 | 7.86 |
| 7 | 0.10 | 0 | 0.10 | 25 | 8.72 |
| 8 | 0.10 | 0.05 | 0 | 35 | 8.07 |
| 9 | 0.10 | 0.10 | 0.05 | 30 | 8.18 |
| Average 1 | 7.940 | 8.163 | 7.787 | 8.360 | |
| Average 2 | 8.557 | 8.430 | 8.090 | 8.110 | |
| Average 3 | 8.323 | 8.227 | 8.943 | 8.350 | |
| Extreme difference | 0.617 | 0.267 | 1.156 | 0.250 |
Table 15 Orthogonal experiment results table
| Experiment number | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |
| Color and luster | Blue or green brown | Yellow green | Yellow green | Blue or green brown | Yellow green | Blue or green brown | Yellow green | Blue or green brown | Yellow green |
| Abnormal smells from the patient | Dilture acid taste | Dilture acid taste | Dilture acid taste | Dilture acid taste | Acid fragrance | Acid fragrance | Acid fragrance | Acid fragrance | Acid fragrance |
| PH value | 5.35± 0.13 | 5.25± 0.12** | 5.13± 0.10** | 5.01± 0.03** | 4.95± 0.05** | 4.92± 0.05** | 4.80± 0.01** | 4.77± 0.06** | 4.75± 0.03** |
| Ammoniacal nitrogen Content (%) | 12.48± 0.15 | 11.76± 0.97 | 11.49± 0.25 | 12.88± 0.56 | 11.25± 0.57* | 12.13± 0.67 | 11.76± 0 | 12.86± 1.09 | 11.40 ±0.66 |
Although above it has been shown and described that embodiments of the invention, it is to be understood that above-described embodiment is example
Property, it is impossible to be interpreted as limitation of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art is without departing from the principle of the present invention and objective
In the case of above-described embodiment can be changed within the scope of the invention, revise, replace and modification.
Claims (11)
1. an enteromorpha feed additive, it is characterised in that prepared by following preparation method,
Entermorpha gathers, and cleans；
Entermorpha drying and processing: the Entermorpha after cleaning drains, dry in the sun, during until staying without water droplet, puts into 60 DEG C of oven for drying extremely
Strip can be become by Manual pulverizing；
The pulverizing of Entermorpha: utilize Lowtemperaturepulverizer, the strip Entermorpha algae powder after drying and processing, crosses 60 mesh sieves, obtains
Enteromorpha algae powder；Described low temperature refers to that temperature is 10 DEG C；
Anaerobic fermentation: in described Enteromorpha algae powder, adds cellulase, yeast mycopowder and lactobacillus powder, adds a certain amount of water, mixed
Closing uniformly, load in fermentation bag, sealing and fermenting obtains fermenting enteromorpha liquid and is feed additive；
Described Enteromorpha algae powder: yeast mycopowder: lactobacillus powder: cellulase: 5,000,000,000 cfu/g of distilled water=600g Enteromorpha algae powder: 1g
The 3000000000 cfu/g lactobacillus powder of yeast mycopowder: 1g: 2ml cellulase: 1400mL distilled water；Described yeast is beer yeast,
Lactic acid bacteria is bacillus acidophilus.
2. the enteromorpha feed additive described in claim 1, it is characterised in that described Entermorpha collection, the cleaning in cleaning is first
Rinse with sea water filter, then rinse 1-3 time with tap water.
3. the enteromorpha feed additive described in claim 1, it is characterised in that in described anaerobic fermentation, described fermentation condition is
25 ~ 35 DEG C of fermentation times are 5 days.
4. the enteromorpha feed additive described in claim 3, it is characterised in that in described anaerobic fermentation, described fermentation condition is
30℃。
5. the enteromorpha feed additive described in claim 1, it is characterised in that in described anaerobic fermentation, fermentation bag is 350*
450mm, thickness is 10.
6. the preparation method of the enteromorpha feed additive described in claim 1, it is characterised in that include,
Entermorpha gathers, and cleans；
Entermorpha drying and processing: the Entermorpha after cleaning drains, dry in the sun, during until staying without water droplet, puts into 60 DEG C of oven for drying extremely
Strip can be become by Manual pulverizing；
The micronizing of Entermorpha: utilize Lowtemperaturepulverizer, the strip Entermorpha algae powder after drying and processing, crosses 60 mesh sieves,
Obtain Enteromorpha algae powder；
Anaerobic fermentation: in described Enteromorpha algae powder, adds cellulase, yeast mycopowder and lactobacillus powder, adds a certain amount of water, mixed
Closing uniformly, load in fermentation bag, sealing and fermenting obtains fermenting enteromorpha liquid and is feed additive；
Optional, described Entermorpha collection, the cleaning in cleaning is first to rinse with sea water filter, then rinse 1-3 time with tap water；
Optional, in the micronizing of described Entermorpha, low temperature refers to that temperature is 10 DEG C；
Optional, in described anaerobic fermentation, the consumption of described each composition is described Enteromorpha algae powder: yeast mycopowder: lactobacillus powder: fine
Dimension element enzyme liquid: 3,000,000,000 cfu/g lactobacillus powder: the 2ml of 5,000,000,000 cfu/g yeast mycopowder: the 1g of distilled water=600g Enteromorpha algae powder: 1g
Cellulase: 1400mL distilled water；
Optional, in described anaerobic fermentation, described fermentation condition is 25 ~ 35 DEG C；Fermentation time is 5 days；
Optional, in described anaerobic fermentation, fermentation bag is 350*450mm, and thickness is 10.
7. the preparation method of the enteromorpha feed additive described in claim 6, it is characterised in that in described anaerobic fermentation, described
Fermentation condition is 30 DEG C.
8. the enteromorpha feed additive described in claim 1 is for the purposes of aquatic feeds.
9. the enteromorpha feed additive described in claim 8 is for for Fish and the purposes of shrimp feed.
10. the enteromorpha feed additive described in claim 8 is in the purposes of aquatic feeds, enteromorpha feed additive addition
2-5 weight % for aquatic feeds.
Enteromorpha feed additive described in 11. claim 10 is in the purposes of aquatic feeds, and enteromorpha feed additive adds
Amount is 2-4 weight % of aquatic feeds.
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| CN104920903A (en) * | 2015-07-07 | 2015-09-23 | 青岛嘉瑞生物技术有限公司 | Crab fodder with added enteromorpha prolifera and Chinese herbal medicine immunopotentiator |
| CN105639209B (en) * | 2016-03-21 | 2018-07-06 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | A kind of enteromorpha stichopus japonicus biological feedstuff and preparation method thereof |
| CN106490307A (en) * | 2016-12-14 | 2017-03-15 | 河南牧翔动物药业有限公司 | A kind of method of antimicrobial composition fermentation Entermorpha |
| CN107581533A (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2018-01-16 | 温州科技职业学院 | A kind of preparation method of sargassum fusifome sea sedge |
| CN112790303A (en) * | 2021-02-03 | 2021-05-14 | 江苏海洋大学 | Shellfish compound feed based on enteromorpha and preparation method thereof |
| CN113133522A (en) * | 2021-05-28 | 2021-07-20 | 范龙 | Probiotics complex enzyme fermentation type enteromorpha nutritional supplement and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN115067424A (en) * | 2022-07-06 | 2022-09-20 | 福州天凯生物科技有限责任公司 | Enteromorpha fermentation preparation process |
| CN115067438A (en) * | 2022-07-06 | 2022-09-20 | 福州天凯生物科技有限责任公司 | Production process of enteromorpha fermented abalone flaky feed |
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