CN103896967A - 磷光化合物和使用它的有机发光二极管装置 - Google Patents
磷光化合物和使用它的有机发光二极管装置 Download PDFInfo
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- CN103896967A CN103896967A CN201310647909.1A CN201310647909A CN103896967A CN 103896967 A CN103896967 A CN 103896967A CN 201310647909 A CN201310647909 A CN 201310647909A CN 103896967 A CN103896967 A CN 103896967A
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- phosphorescent compound
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- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- UJOBWOGCFQCDNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9H-carbazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3NC2=C1 UJOBWOGCFQCDNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- BPMFPOGUJAAYHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9H-Pyrido[2,3-b]indole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3NC2=N1 BPMFPOGUJAAYHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- AIFRHYZBTHREPW-UHFFFAOYSA-N β-carboline Chemical compound N1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3NC2=C1 AIFRHYZBTHREPW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Quinoline Chemical compound N1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
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- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium Substances [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium;triphenylphosphane Chemical compound [Pd].C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- RBTKNAXYKSUFRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N heliogen blue Chemical compound [Cu].[N-]1C2=C(C=CC=C3)C3=C1N=C([N-]1)C3=CC=CC=C3C1=NC([N-]1)=C(C=CC=C3)C3=C1N=C([N-]1)C3=CC=CC=C3C1=N2 RBTKNAXYKSUFRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- JXAZAUKOWVKTLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium pyrosulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OS([O-])(=O)=O JXAZAUKOWVKTLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- ODHXBMXNKOYIBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylamine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1N(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 ODHXBMXNKOYIBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YVTHLONGBIQYBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc indium(3+) oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O--].[Zn++].[In+3] YVTHLONGBIQYBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D519/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing more than one system of two or more relevant hetero rings condensed among themselves or condensed with a common carbocyclic ring system not provided for in groups C07D453/00 or C07D455/00
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- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/60—Organic compounds having low molecular weight
- H10K85/649—Aromatic compounds comprising a hetero atom
- H10K85/657—Polycyclic condensed heteroaromatic hydrocarbons
- H10K85/6572—Polycyclic condensed heteroaromatic hydrocarbons comprising only nitrogen in the heteroaromatic polycondensed ring system, e.g. phenanthroline or carbazole
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D409/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07D409/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing three or more hetero rings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F7/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 4 or 14 of the Periodic Table
- C07F7/02—Silicon compounds
- C07F7/08—Compounds having one or more C—Si linkages
- C07F7/0803—Compounds with Si-C or Si-Si linkages
- C07F7/081—Compounds with Si-C or Si-Si linkages comprising at least one atom selected from the elements N, O, halogen, S, Se or Te
- C07F7/0812—Compounds with Si-C or Si-Si linkages comprising at least one atom selected from the elements N, O, halogen, S, Se or Te comprising a heterocyclic ring
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/547—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom
- C07F9/6561—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom containing systems of two or more relevant hetero rings condensed among themselves or condensed with a common carbocyclic ring or ring system, with or without other non-condensed hetero rings
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- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K11/00—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
- C09K11/06—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing organic luminescent materials
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- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/10—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED]
- H10K50/11—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED] characterised by the electroluminescent [EL] layers
- H10K50/12—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED] characterised by the electroluminescent [EL] layers comprising dopants
- H10K50/121—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED] characterised by the electroluminescent [EL] layers comprising dopants for assisting energy transfer, e.g. sensitization
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- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/40—Organosilicon compounds, e.g. TIPS pentacene
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- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/60—Organic compounds having low molecular weight
- H10K85/649—Aromatic compounds comprising a hetero atom
- H10K85/654—Aromatic compounds comprising a hetero atom comprising only nitrogen as heteroatom
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- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/60—Organic compounds having low molecular weight
- H10K85/649—Aromatic compounds comprising a hetero atom
- H10K85/657—Polycyclic condensed heteroaromatic hydrocarbons
- H10K85/6574—Polycyclic condensed heteroaromatic hydrocarbons comprising only oxygen in the heteroaromatic polycondensed ring system, e.g. cumarine dyes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/60—Organic compounds having low molecular weight
- H10K85/649—Aromatic compounds comprising a hetero atom
- H10K85/657—Polycyclic condensed heteroaromatic hydrocarbons
- H10K85/6576—Polycyclic condensed heteroaromatic hydrocarbons comprising only sulfur in the heteroaromatic polycondensed ring system, e.g. benzothiophene
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2211/00—Chemical nature of organic luminescent or tenebrescent compounds
- C09K2211/10—Non-macromolecular compounds
- C09K2211/1003—Carbocyclic compounds
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种磷光化合物和使用它的有机发光二极管装置。所述磷光化合物由以下化学式1表示:[化学式1]
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及磷光化合物和使用它的有机发光二极管装置,更具体地,本发明涉及使用具有高三重态能量的磷光化合物作为发光层的基质的有机发光二极管装置。
背景技术
随着多媒体的发展,平板显示器(FDPs)变得越来越重要。因此,诸如液晶显示器(LCDs)、等离子显示面板(PDPs)、场发射显示器(FEDs)、有机发光二极管装置等的各种平面显示器被投入实际应用。
其中,有机发光二极管装置能够形成在诸如塑料的柔性透明基板上,能够以比等离子显示面板或无机发光二极管显示器的电压低的电压(低于10V)驱动,具有相对低的功耗以及优越的色彩感觉。另外,有机发光二极管装置能够表现绿、蓝和红三种颜色,因此作为下一代全彩色显示装置引起人们极大的关注。
通过顺序地层压阳极、空穴注入层、空穴传输层、发光层、电子传输层、电子注入层和阴极,能够形成有机发光二极管装置。对于发光材料而言,从阳极注入的空穴与从阴极注入的电子复合以形成激子。单重态激子和三重态激子分别参与荧光发光和磷光发光过程。近年来,对于使用磷光材料代替荧光材料方面有增长的趋势。对于荧光材料,代表在所述发光层中形成的激子的仅25%的单重态用来产生光,而代表激子的75%的三重态大部分被损失并转化成热。另一方面,磷光材料具有将单重态和三重态激子都转化为光的发光机制。
将简要论述磷光材料的发光过程。从阳极注入的空穴和从阴极注入的电子在发光层的基质材料中会合。尽管在一些情况下,空穴和电子可在掺杂剂中配对,但一般而言,由于基质浓度高的缘故,大量的空穴和电子在基质中会合。此时,发生从形成于基质的单重态激子到单重态或三重态掺杂剂的能量传递,以及发生从三重态激子到三重态掺杂剂的能量传递。
由于传递到单重态掺杂剂的激子通过系间窜越被传递至掺杂剂的三重态,所以所有激子的第一目的地是掺杂剂的三重态能级。因此形成的激子被传递至基态,并发出光。如果邻近发光层前面和后面的空穴传输层或电子传输层的三重态能量小于掺杂剂的三重态,则发生从掺杂剂或基质至这些层的反向能量传递,而这导致效率的急剧降低。因此,在磷光装置中,空穴/电子传输层的三重态能量以及发光层的基质材料起到非常重要的作用。
为了从基质至掺杂剂的有效能量传递,基质的三重态能量需要大于掺杂剂的三重态能量。例如,近来广泛使用的CBP具有2.61ev的三重态能量。因此,在已知的Firpic磷光掺杂剂的情况中,发生从基质至掺杂剂的反向能量传递(热吸收),从而导致效率的降低。此外,因为材料的低玻璃转化温度影响热稳定性并减弱装置的特性,需要高的玻璃转化温度。因此,急需发展具有高的玻璃转化温度的新颖的磷光材料。
发明内容
本发明致力于提供通过使用新颖的磷光化合物作为发光层的基质来实现高效率的有机发光二极管的装置。
一方面,一种由以下化学式1表示的磷光化合物:
[化学式1]
其中X、Y和Z各自选自由碳和氮组成的组,X、Y和Z均为碳的情况除外,并且R是选自由咔唑、α-咔啉、β-咔啉、γ-咔啉、氟、二苯并噻吩、二苯并呋喃、三苯基硅烷、四苯基硅烷、吡啶、喹啉、异喹啉、嘧啶、二苯基氧化膦和它们的取代基组成的组中的任一种。
一方面,有机发光二极管装置包括在阳极与阴极之间形成的有机膜,所述有机膜包括所述磷光化合物。
附图说明
附图提供对本发明的进一步理解并且并入说明书而组成说明书的一部分。所述附图示出本发明的示范性的实施方式,并且与说明书文字一起用于解释本发明的原理。在附图中:
图1是示出本发明的示例性实施例的有机发光二极管装置的视图;和
图2是示出本发明的基质在室温时的UV吸收光谱和PL光谱的测量结果的曲线图;以及
图3是示出本发明的基质在低温(77k)时的UV吸收光谱和宿主PL光谱的测量结果的曲线图。
具体实施方式
现将详细描述本发明的实施例,附图描述了本发明的实施例的实例。尽可能地,在全部附图中使用相同的标号,以指代相同或相似的部件。应注意,如果认为对已知技术的详细描述会误导本发明的实施例,则将忽略对已知技术的详细描述。
图1是示出本发明的示例性实施例的有机发光二极管装置的视图。
参照图1,本发明的示例性实施例的有机发光二极管装置100可包括阳极110,空穴注入层120、空穴传输层130、发光层140、电子传输层150、电子注入层160和阴极170。
阳极110是空穴注入电极,由具有高功函的ITO(氧化铟锡)、IZO(氧化铟锌)、ZnO(氧化锌)中的一种形成。如果阳极110是反射电极,那么阳极110可还在由ITO、IZO和ZnO之一形成的层的下方,包括由铝(Al)、银(Ag)或镍(Ni)的一种形成的反射层。
空穴注入层120起到促进空穴从阳极110注入至发光层140的作用。空穴注入层120可由选自由铜酞菁(CuPc)、PEDOT(聚(3,4)-乙撑基二氧噻吩)、聚苯胺(PANI)和NPD(N,N’-二萘基-N,N’-二苯基联苯胺)组成的组中的至少一种形成,但不局限于此。
空穴注入层120的厚度可在1至150nm的范围内。如果空穴注入层120的厚度是1nm或更大,能够防止空穴注入特征的减弱。如果空穴注入层120的厚度是150nm或更小,能够防止驱动电压的升高,当空穴注入层120的厚度太大时,为了提高空穴运动,采取升高驱动电压。
空穴传输层130起到平稳地传输空穴的作用。空穴传输层130可以由选自由NPD(N,N’-二萘基-N,N’-二苯基联苯胺)、TPD(N,N′-双(3-甲基苯基)-N,N′-二苯基-联苯胺)、螺-TAD以及MTDATA(4,4',4″-三(N-3-甲基苯基-N-苯基氨基)三苯胺)组成的组中的至少一种形成,但不局限于此。
空穴传输层130可还具有1至150nm的厚度。如果空穴传输层130的厚度是1nm或更大,能够防止空穴传输特征的减弱。如果空穴传输层130的厚度是150nm或更小,能够防止驱动电压的升高,当空穴传输层130的厚度太厚时,为了提高空穴运动,采取升高驱动电压。
发光层140可由发射红、绿和蓝色光的材料形成。此材料可包括磷光或荧光材料。将针对于发射绿光和蓝光的发光层的磷光化合物描述此示例性实施例。
本发明的发光层140包括基质和掺杂剂。更具体地,本发明的基质可以是由以下化学式1表示的磷光化合物:
[化学式1]
其中X、Y和Z各自选自由碳和氮组成的组,X、Y和Z均为碳的情况除外,并且R是选自由咔唑、α-咔啉、β-咔啉、γ-咔啉、氟、二苯并噻吩、二苯并呋喃、三苯基硅烷、四苯基硅烷、吡啶、喹啉、异喹啉、嘧啶、二苯基氧化膦和它们的取代基组成的组中的任一种。
包括X、Y和Z的咔啉可以是选自由X是氮且Y和Z是碳的α-咔啉、Y是氮且X和Z是碳的β-咔啉以及Z是氮且X和Y是碳的γ-咔啉组成的组中的任一种。
R的取代基可选自由苯基硅烷基、卤素、氰基、C1-C13芳基、吡啶基、烷基、烯基、炔基和烷氧基组成的组。
更具体地,R可以是选自由以下化学式2表示的化合物组成的组中的任一种:
[化学式2]
其中,磷光化合物可以是选自由以下列出的化合物组成的组中的任一种:
本发明的磷光化合物是含硫杂芳香环化合物。通过使用显示空穴特性的咔唑和显示电子特性的硫化合物基团,可预期此化合物具有双极性。这可对实现在有机发光二极管装置中的空穴和电子之间的平衡做出贡献。
电子传输层150起到平稳地传输电子的作用。电子传输层150可以由选自由Alq3(三(8-羟基喹啉)铝)、PBD、TAZ、螺-PBD、BAlq以及SAlq组成的组中的至少一种形成,但不局限于此。
电子传输层150可还具有1至50nm的厚度。如果电子传输层150的厚度是1nm或更大,能够防止电子传输特征的减弱。如果电子传输层150的厚度是50nm或更小,能够防止驱动电压的升高,当电子传输层150的厚度太厚时,为了提高电子运动,采取升高驱动电压。
电子注入层160起到促进电子注入的作用。电子注入层160可由Alq3(三(8-羟基喹啉)铝)、PBD、TAZ、螺-PBD、BAlq或SAlq形成,但不局限于此。
电子注入层160的厚度可在大约1至大约50nm的范围内。如果电子注入层160的厚度是1nm或更大,能够防止电子注入特征的减弱。如果电子注入层160的厚度是50nm或更小,能够防止驱动电压的升高,当电子注入层160的厚度太厚时,为了提高电子运动,采取升高驱动电压。
阴极170是电子注入电极,由具有低功函的镁(Mg)、钙(Ca)、铝(Al)或银(Ag)、或它们的合金形成。在有机发光二极管装置具有顶发射或双发射结构的情况下,阴极170可形成为薄到足以透射光。在有机发光二极管装置具有底发射结构的情况下,阴极170可形成为厚到足以反射光。
以下,在下面的实例中将详细地描述本发明的磷光化合物和这些化合物的特性。但是应注意,下面的实例仅是说明性的,本发明并不局限于此。
实施例1
1)合成(4-氯苯基)(2,2-二乙氧基乙基)硫烷
在250ml的双颈圆底烧瓶中,倒入4-氯苯硫酚(10.0g,69mmol)、K2CO3(9.52g,69mmol)和二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)(100ml)并搅拌,然后将2-溴-1,1-二乙氧基乙烷(16.3g,82.8mmol)溶于二甲基甲酰胺(100ml),并在0℃下逐渐加入前述混合物溶液。反应后,用乙酸乙酯(EtOAc)(250ml)和水(200ml)萃取有机溶剂,然后在MgSO4上干燥。在使用乙酸乙酯/石油醚(EtOAc/PE=1:60)的柱层析后,真空蒸馏溶液,获得9.0g黄色油状物(50%的产率)。
2)合成5-氯苯并[b]噻吩
在250ml的双颈圆底烧瓶中,倒入(4-氯苯基)(2,2-二乙氧基乙基)硫烷(5g,19mmol)和氯苯(4ml),然后将反应混合物加至在氯苯(5ml)中煮沸之后获得的聚丙烯酸(PAA)反应溶液(5g)中。反应后,将冰水(25ml)加至混合物中,然后用盐水(50ml)洗涤混合物并在Na2SO4上干燥。使用石油醚对混合物进行层析,获得2.9g白色固体(90%的产率)。
3)合成3-溴-5-氯苯并[b]噻吩
在250ml的双颈圆底烧瓶中,将5-氯苯并[b]噻吩(2g,11.8mmol)溶于二氯甲烷(10ml),在0℃下,将醋酸钠(NaOAc)(1.95g,23.6mmol)和Br2(1.89g,11.8mmol)慢慢地加至混合物中,持续5分钟。反应后,将10%的硫酸氢钠(NaHSO4)溶液(20ml)倒至混合物中,然后用乙酸乙酯(20ml)萃取所得混合物,在MgSO4上干燥,并真空蒸馏,获得2.49g的黄色固体(85%的产率)。
4)合成(9-(5-氯苯并[b]噻吩-3-基)-9H-咔唑
在250ml的双颈圆底烧瓶中倒入3-溴-5-氯苯并[b]噻吩(2g,8.1mmol)、咔唑(0.675g,4.05mmol)、CuI(0.46g,24.3mmol)、反式-1,2-二环己烷二胺(0.92g,2.43mmol)、K3PO4(3.43g,16.2mmol)以及150ml的1,4-二氧六环并回流和搅拌。反应后,过滤固体物质。真空蒸馏并去除有机溶剂后,执行柱层析(Hex:E.A=9:1),真空蒸馏溶液,获得1.75g的白色固体(65%的产率)。
5)合成9,9’-(苯并[b]噻吩-3,5-二基)双(9H-咔唑)
在250ml的双颈圆底烧瓶中,将5ml四氢呋喃(THF)倒入咔唑(0.75g,4.5mmol)中。然后,在冰浴中,将2.5M正丁基锂/己烷溶液(1.8ml)逐渐加入混合物中。在室温下,搅拌此混合物溶液30分钟,然后将(9-(5-氯苯并[b]噻吩-3-基)-9H-咔唑(1.5g,4.5mmol)和四(三苯基膦)钯(0)(Pd(pph3)4)(0.024g)倒入混合物溶液中,将所得混合物溶于四氢呋喃,并在80℃反应。反应后,过滤沉淀并用二氯甲烷和甲醇重结晶,因此获得1.71g的产物(82%)。
实施例2
1)合成6-(9H-咔唑-9-基)-9-(5-氯苯并[b]噻吩-3-基)-9H-吡啶并[2,3-b]吲哚
在250ml的双颈圆底烧瓶中,倒入3-溴-5-氯苯并噻吩(2.5g,10.1mmol)、6-(9H-咔唑-9-基)-9H-吡啶并[2,3-b]吲哚(3.54g,10.6mmol)、CuI(0.58g,3.03mmol)、反式-1,2-二环己烷二胺(1.15g,3.04mmol)、K3PO4(4.29g,20.25mmol)和200mL的1,4-二氧六环,回流并搅拌。反应后,过滤固体物质,并真空蒸馏有机溶剂以除去有机溶剂。进行柱层析(Hex:E.A=7:1),然后真空蒸馏溶液,得到3.79g白色固体(75%产率)。
2)合成9-(5-(9H-咔唑-9-基)苯并[b]噻吩-3-基)-6-(9H-咔唑-9-基)-9H-吡啶并[2,3-b]吲哚
在250ml的双颈圆底烧瓶中,将10ml的四氢呋喃(THF)倒入咔唑(1.5g,9.0mmol)中。然后在冰浴中,将2.5M正丁基锂/己烷溶液(2.4ml)逐渐加入混合物中。在室温下,搅拌此混合物溶液30分钟,然后将6-(9H-咔唑-9-基)-9-(5-氯苯并[b]噻吩-3-基)-9H-吡啶并[2,3-b]吲哚(3.0g,6.0mmol)和四(三苯基膦)钯(0)(Pd(pph3)4)(0.024g)倒入混合物溶液中,将所得混合物溶于四氢呋喃(THF),并在80℃反应。反应后,过滤沉淀并用二氯甲烷和甲醇重结晶,因此获得1.70g的产物(45%)。
实施例3合成9-(3-(6-(9H-咔唑-9-基)-9H-吡啶并[2,3-b]吲哚-9-yl)苯并[b]噻吩-5-基)-9H-3,9'-双咔唑
在250ml的双颈圆底烧瓶中,将5ml四氢呋喃(THF)倒入9H-3,9'-双咔唑(0.1g,3.0mmol)中。然后,在冰浴中,将2.5M正丁基锂/己烷溶液(0.8ml)逐渐加入混合物中。在室温下,搅拌此混合物溶液30分钟,然后将9-(5-氯苯并噻吩-3-基)咔唑(1.0g,2.0mmol)和四(三苯基膦)钯(0)(Pd(pph3)4)(0.020g)倒入混合物溶液中,将所得混合物溶于四氢呋喃(THF),并在80℃反应。反应后,过滤沉淀并用二氯甲烷和甲醇重结晶,因此获得0.54g的产物(34%)。
图2和图3是示出依照本发明的示例性实施例制备的基质(A-1,A-2和A-3)在室温和低温下的UV吸收光谱和低温(77K)PL光谱的测量结果的曲线图。表1示出这些测量结果与常规基质材料CBP和mCP的特性之间的比较。
表1
参照表1、图2和图3,发现依照本发明的示例性实施例制备的基质材料的三重态能量比CBP的2.6eV的高,且所述基质材料的玻璃转化温度比mCP的高。
根据依照本发明的示例性实施例的磷光化合物和有机发光二极管装置,制备了具有高的三重态能量和高的玻璃转化温度的磷光化合物,并且这些磷光化合物形成为发光层的基质,因此使在发光层中的能量传递更容易,并提高发光效率。
尽管已参照一些说明性的实施例描述了实施例,应理解的是,本领域技术人员能够想出落入本发明的原理的精神和范围内的许多其他的改进和实施例。更具体地,在说明书、附图及所附权利要求书的范围内,对主题组合设置的组成部件和/或设置所作的各种变化和改进是可能的。除对组成部件和/或设置的变化和改进之外,还有可替换的使用对于本领域的技术人员而言也将是显而易见的。
Claims (10)
2.如权利要求1所述的磷光化合物,其中包括X、Y和Z的咔啉是选自X是氮且Y和Z是碳的α-咔啉、Y是氮且X和Z是碳的β-咔啉以及Z是氮且X和Y是碳的γ-咔啉中的任一种。
3.如权利要求1所述的磷光化合物,其中R的取代基选自由苯基硅烷基、卤素、氰基、C1-C13芳基、吡啶基、烷基、烯基、炔基和烷氧基组成的组。
5.如权利要求1所述的磷光化合物,其中所述磷光化合物是选自以下列出的化合物中的任一种:
6.一种有机发光二极管装置,包括在阳极与阴极之间形成的有机膜,所述有机膜包括权利要求1至5中任一项所述的磷光化合物。
7.如权利要求6所述的机发光二极管装置,其中所述有机膜是发光层。
8.如权利要求6所述的机发光二极管装置,其中所述发光层发射绿光或蓝光。
9.如权利要求6所述的机发光二极管装置,其中所述化合物用作所述发光层的基质。
10.如权利要求6所述的机发光二极管装置,还包括在所述阳极与阴极之间的选自由空穴注入层、空穴传输层、电子传输层和电子注入层组成的组中的一层或多层。
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