CN1038853C - 用于金属线焊接的金合金细线 - Google Patents

用于金属线焊接的金合金细线 Download PDF

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CN1038853C
CN1038853C CN94190223A CN94190223A CN1038853C CN 1038853 C CN1038853 C CN 1038853C CN 94190223 A CN94190223 A CN 94190223A CN 94190223 A CN94190223 A CN 94190223A CN 1038853 C CN1038853 C CN 1038853C
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gold
welding
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北村修
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Nippon Steel Corp
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Abstract

一种金属线焊接用金合金细线,其组成为:第一组元素,按重量计,钪为2-10ppm,铍为30-20ppm,铟为2-50ppm,以及金和不可避免的杂质组成的其余部分。该细线具有的弯线高度为200微米或以上并且在树脂模塑以后细线的塑变不大于5%。

Description

用于金属线焊接的金合金细线
本发明涉及一种适用于将半导体元件上的电极连接到外部引线上的金合金细线,更确切地说,涉及一种改进接合强度并防止弯线高度降低的焊接用金合金细线。
用于将半导体元件上的电极连接到外部引线上的焊接金属线通常是一种金合金的细线,因为它具有良好的导电性、抗腐蚀或其它可靠的特性。
细金合金线的焊接典型的是通过热压焊接法进行,在该方法中利用电焊炬加热使金合金细线的顶端熔化,由于被熔化的金属的表面张力作用而成球状,然后小球被加压贴靠在被加热到150到300℃的半导体元件的电极上,利用施加到其上的超声波振形成焊接接头,在此之后,以同样的方式,利用超声波压力焊接法焊接到外部引线上。
近年来,半导体元件的高度集成化使半导体元件上的电极数量增加。半导体元件的小型化要求减少电极的面积和缩短电极间的间距,因此要求焊接金属线应当达到减小小球的尺寸并应当具有减小的直径。降低小球尺寸就要减少从电焊炬向形成小球的焊接线的热量输入,以此缩短在小球形成过程中的焊接线的再结晶区的长度。已经公知,在焊接线的再结晶区长度和线的弯线高度之间存在密切的关系,例如,具有长的再结晶区的焊接线则具有高的弯线,反之亦然。即在降低小球尺寸的情况下,如果不通过降低在金合金焊接线中控制再结晶的合金元素的含量来增加再结晶区长度,就不可能得到常规的弯线高度。这些控制再结晶的合金元素一般也提高线的机械强度,因此降低上述的合金元素的含量会引起线的机械强度的降低。
通过使焊接线变细还会降低弯线高度。特别是通常将小球尺寸控制在线径的2.5到3.0倍的范围内的一个固定值,以便减小线径带来与通过减小小球尺寸所得到的相同效果,因此,将焊接线变细会引起弯线高度降低。
因此,小球尺寸的减小或焊接线的变细会导致弯线高度降低,并由此导致由焊接线与半导体元件接触和与引线框架的小岛接触引起的半导体装置不良的缺点,以及由弯线高度降低而引起的抗拉强度降低,或者因半导体元件的树脂密封时的树脂流动阻力引起的焊接线变形而产生的焊接线塑变导致焊接线之间的接触等,这些都成为半导体装置的可靠性和成品率降低的原因。
为了防止这些问题的产生,一种普通的方法是降低控制再结晶区长度的元素的含量。然而,这会引起机械强度的降低和容易使形成小球时的紧接小球的上部中的金属线的再结晶晶粒的粗化,以致在焊接以后的搬运过程中由于振动使紧接小球上方的部分很容易发生断线,使半导体装置的可靠性变差和产品合格率下降。
为了解决这一问题,已经提出很多种细金合金线,例如:按重量计含钙为5-100ppm的金焊接线(特开昭53-105968)、按重量计含钙为3-5ppm、含铍为1-8ppm、和/或含锗为5-50ppm的金焊接线(特开昭53-112060),以及按重量计含铍为1-8ppm的金焊接线(特开昭53-112059)。
然而,由于增加了用于防止紧接小球上方的部分的晶粒粗化的合金元素的含量,使这些金焊接线存在在焊接以后弯线高度被降低的问题。此外,合金成分包含仅作为附加合金元素加入到金基体中的铍实现高的弯线,但存在的问题是,线的机械强度下降并且树脂模塑之后与其它合金成分相比较,线的塑变更明显。
目前利用焊接器的弯线形状控制系统进行弯线高度的控制,以保证必要的变线高度,但是这需要长的焊接持续时间,并且给生产率多少带来影响。常规的焊接线在防止紧接小球上方部分的晶粒粗化的同时,在实现大的弯线高度方面并不成功。因此强烈需要一种能可靠地提供大的弯线高度和高焊接强度的用于金属线焊接的金合金细线。
本发明人研究了很多提出的常规金属线焊接用金合金细线,结果发现如下的事实。这些常规的金属线焊接用金合金细线比不含有附加元素的纯金线具有较大的抗拉强度,但是当必须形成高的弯线时,合金元素的含量必须降低,其结果使抗拉强度不够并容易引起在紧接小球上方的线部分中的再结晶的晶粒变粗,由此,在焊接操作过程中使小球颈部受到损伤。减小线径会使抗拉强度随线截面减小而降低。因此,为了保证足够的抗拉强度,合金元素的含量必须增加,从而不能实现大的弯路高度。
本发明的目的是提供一种金属线焊接用金合金细线,在该金合金细线中,对于相同的线径,小球尺寸已减小,虽然减小线径也提供大的弯线高度,维持高焊接度以及线塑变被降低。
为了解决上述问题,本发明人对能够改进抗拉强度而不会引起耐热性或再结晶温度的过分增加,同时保证大的弯线高度的各种合金元素进行了研究。
其结果,本发明人已经发现由含有钪、铍和铟的合金元素的金金组成的焊接线。他们还发现除了钪、铍和铟之外,少量的钙、钇和一些稀土金属,或者少量的锗都有益地用作合金元素,以增强本发明的上述效果,另外银、铜和钯也可用作合金元素,与利用常规焊接线相比这些元素有利于改进金合金细线将电极焊接到半导体元件上的焊接性。
具体是,本发明提供如下(1)到(3)的焊接用金合金细线。
(1)一种金属线焊接用金合金细线,它由如下组成:
第一组元素按重计,钪为2-10ppm、铍为3-20ppm和铟为2-50ppm;以及
金和不可避免的杂质组成的其余部分。
(2)一种金属线焊接用金合金的细线,它由如下组成:
第一组元素按重量计,钪为2-10ppm,铍为3-20ppm和铟为2-50ppm。
由按重量计,钙为1-5ppm、镱为1-5ppm,至少一种稀土金属为1-5ppm,锗为10-50ppm的第二组元素中选择的至少一种元素;以及
金和不可避免的杂质组成的其余部分。
(3)一种金属线焊接用金合金细线,它由如下组成:
按上述第一组和第二组中的至少一组;按重量计,银为5-50ppm;
钯为5-30ppm;
铜为5-40ppm;以及
金和不可避免的杂质组成的其余部分。
下面更详细地介绍本发明的构成。
在本发明中适合使用的金为按重量计具有99.995%或以上纯度的金和其余部分的不可避免的杂质。当纯度按重量计小于99.995%时,该杂质呈现显著的影响并使合金元素不能发挥预期的作用,特别是当合金元素的总量很少时。
钪在金中具有较大的固溶极限并且有效地提高再结晶温度,但是当它单独用作合金元素时,它的效果比钙弱,并不明显。经过各种研究发现,通过与钪一起同时添加铍和铟到高纯金中,改进了小球颈部强度,改进了抗拉强度并产生高的弯线。这是因为钪、铍和铟三种元素的同时存在,与在常规的金合金细线中所遇到的波动相比,它降低了在小球形成过程中由于热影响而产生的再结晶晶粒尺寸的波动。确认这种现象是根据这样的事实,即在高纯度金中的三种元素之间的相互作用形成了均匀的固体熔解,抑制了在焊接过程中由于输入热量而产生的再结晶晶粒的生长。
还已经发现,向金中添加钪还改善了杨氏模量,在树脂模塑的过程中抑制了线的塑变。还发现,与钪一起同时添加铟和铍进一步改善了杨氏模量。然而,其效果随这三种元素的比例不同而变化波动。相信这点是因为由于在这三种元素之间的不同的相互作用的强度,使材料的晶体织构变化所致,尽管细节还不清楚。由于后述的稀土金属的存在,还可使杨氏模量得到某种程序改善。同时存在上述三种元素更使这种效果增强,明显地减轻了线的塑变。
当钪的含量按重量计小于2ppm时,在小球形成的过程中由于热量输入产生的再结晶晶粒含有不同的晶粒尺寸,即细的和粗的晶粒,引起抗拉强度的明显的波动。另一方面,假如钪含量按重量计大于10ppm,即使同时存在后述的铍和铟,弯线高度也变小,而且在小球表面上形成稳固的氧化物,容易在小球端部形成收缩孔,使得剪切强度下降,长期使用的可靠性下降。为了确保按照本发明的合金成分实现高的弯线,钪的含量按重量计最好不大于10ppm,并且按重量计必须2-10ppm的范围内。
已知铍改善细金线的室温强度,这是由于在拔丝时加工硬化造成的。在同时存在钪的情况下,利用按重量计含量小于3ppm的铍,这种效果不够并波动。当铍的按重量计含量大于20ppm时,在小球表面上形成稳固的氧化物,这是因为在小球形成的过程中发生氧化,因此降低了在小球和半导体元件上的电极之间的焊接面积并降低焊接强度(剪切强度)。还应当指出,小球的硬度随保证在小球和电极间良好的焊接时的铍含量的增加而提高,引起在电极下方部分的半导体元件破裂。因此,按重量计铍的含量必须在3-20ppm之间。
已知铟在小球形成的过程中有效地扩大再结晶区,并因此增加弯线高度。在同时存在钪的情况下按重量计铟的含量小于2ppm时,这种效果不够并波动。当按重量计铟的含量大于50ppm时,在紧接小球上方的线部分发生再结晶晶粒加速粗化的现象,在控制焊接过程中弯线形状时,在紧接小球上方的线部分引起破裂。因此,按重量计铟的含量必须在2-50ppm之间。
为了防止在线变细的过程中(由于拔丝)降低合金金细线的机械强度,利用钙和第二组中的其它添加元素,以防止球颈部分的再结晶晶粒粗化和改善对于具有相同线径的金合金细线的机械强度。然而,当大量使用第二组元素时会提高细金合金线的耐热性,缩短在小球形成的过程中线的再结晶区的长度。因此,存在保证弯线高度的第二组元素的含量上限。已知钙、镱和一些稀土金属能改善耐热性,即使具有的量相对较少。当这些元素的含量按重量计小于1ppm时,线的质量有问题,即机械强度各部分明显不同。另一方面,当含量按重量计大于5ppm时,改进了耐热性却缩小了再结晶区并且不能提供高的弯线。因此,第二组元素按重量计必须在1-5pmm之间,以便实现高的弯线和足够的机械强度。
添加钙、镱和一些稀土金属还能提供以较少量含有这些元素的金合金细线具有比纯金约大1000到2000公斤/毫米2的杨氏模量。因此,与常规的细线相比,改进了的杨氏模量抑制了在树脂模塑之后产生的线的塑变,这种常规细线能形成高的弯线,在密封之后呈现大的线塑变,这是因为由于相对限制了一些合金元素的数量,使杨氏模量不可能改进。
已知锗能改善室温强度和在线变细的过程中防止强度的降低。锗的含量按重量计必须在10-50ppm的范围内,因为其含量按重量计小于10ppm,在强度方面没有明显的改进,而按重量计大于50ppm,则降低耐热性。锗与钙、镱和一些稀土金属使用可能是有益的。
当大量使用银时能有效地改进机械性能,但是,使用较少量,这种效果将不明显。通过很多研究,本发明人发现,含有一定量的银和铜的金合金细线具有的焊接强度(剪切强度)大于含有几ppm的银和铜的金所体现的焊接强度。另外,研究证实,当钯和银、铜一起添加到金中时,稳定地产生这种效果。这些元素与金一起形成一种完全的固溶体。因此,认为上述现象是由这一事实所引起的,即这些元素均匀地分散在金中,减少了在晶界上的沉积。各种实验显示,按重量计,银的含量必须在5-50ppm之间,铜的含量必须5-40ppm之间,钯的含量必须在4-30ppm之间。以便显著地改进剪切强度。
实施例
一种金纯度为99.995%或以上的电解金和作为添加元素的高纯度金属(纯度为99.9%或以上)按照选择的数量,在真空感应熔炼炉中熔化并浇注,以制备用作各个添加元素的母金属。
上述制备成母金属的一定量和金纯度为99.995%或以上的电解金在真空感应熔炉中熔化并浇注,制成具有如表1所示化学成分的金合金铸块。该铸块在室温下进行型缝或孔型轧制并拔丝,形成最终直径为25微米的金合金细线。细金合金线在空气中进行连续退火,以便产生具有约4%延伸率的线。
这样得到的细金合金线在室温下进行机械性能试验并用高速自动焊接机,以便对具有100个引线、在电极和内引线表面之间为200微米间距和平均焊接跨距为2.6毫米的42-镍GFP型引线框架进行引线焊接。在焊接之后,对弯线高度、焊接强度,树脂模塑以后的引线的塑变以及小球形状进行了调查并将其结果汇总在表1中。
弯线高度的确定是利用光学显微镜测量在半导体元件上的电极和所形成的弯线顶部之间的距离,这种弯线是在利用细金合金线将电极连接到外部引线上时形成的,对100根线重复这种测量并将这100个结果平均。
焊接强度的评价是由对100根线所测定的抗拉强度和其波动的数据完成的,该数据的确定是通过利用夹具将高速自动焊接的引线框架和半导体器件固定,在中间拉细金合金线并测量该线断裂时的强度来实现的。焊接强度的评价还来自对所测定的100根引线的剪切强度及其波动的数据,该数据是通过沿与半导体元件相平行的方向移动距各电极距离3微米配置的夹具,直到由于剪切作用将焊到电极上的金球破坏,测量破坏时的最大负载。
树脂模塑以后引线的塑变的评价是通过将线焊接的引线框架安装到一个加热到175℃的金属模上,利用市售的密封树脂,从一个到相同的一批,密封这种组件,利用软式X射线透射装置测量引线的最大挠度,重复测量100次,求出每根引线的挠度到焊接跨距的比率,对100根线的数据进行平均来实现的。
通过用扫描电子显微镜观察由高速自动焊接机的电焊炬产生的电弧放电所形成金球进行小球形状的评价。因为小球形状不正常或其上形成氧化物,使之不能保证良好地焊接到半导体元件的电极上的那些小球标为“不良”,而能实现良好地焊接的那些小球标为“好”。
表1表示具有根据本发明提示的化学成分的细合金线的评价结果,而表2表示具有的化学成分在本发明的范围之外的金合金细线的评价结果。表1和表2表示公知的现象,即弯线高度的降低与抗拉强度强度的降低相对应。
一般都承认,5×10-3N或以上的抗拉强度是足以保证半导体元件的可靠性。通过比较基本上具有相同弯线高度的引线之间的抗拉强度,表明表1中的线具有的抗拉强度大于5×10-3N,并大于表2中的引线,并具有较小的波动。
一般都承认,剪切强度为5×10-2N或以上的25微米的细金合金线不会产生问题。在表1中的所有的线具有的剪切强度为5×10-2N或以上,而在表2中的某些线具有的剪切强度小于5×10-2N并且不适合于在引线焊接中使用。当合金元素存在过量,超过出如表2所示的,权利要求提出的范围以外,剪切强度下降并且明显地波动。
一般都承认,在树脂模塑以后,引线的塑变不大于5%不会带来问题。表1所表示的数字都落入在这个范围内。
根据本发明的如表1表示的化学成分总是能形成正常的小球的形状,而表2所示的化学成分使得产生不正常的小球形状计有在小球顶端收缩、小球表面过分氧化,不呈球状等。
根据本发明的很多试样具有的室温断裂强度超过11克力,延伸率4%。这表明,从25微米进一步变细到23微米将提供好的强度。还应当指示,根据本发明的试样大多数具有的弯线高度大于200微米,因此有利于保证高的弯线、高的强度和小的引线塑变。表1-1实施例含量(重量ppm)                         机械强度       弯线高度        抗拉强度             剪切强度         引线塑变 球的形状
                                                           (微米)           (N)                  (N)                (%)序号 sc Re  Ca Y  La Ce Dy Ge In  Ag  Cu  Pd  B1(N)    E1(%)平均   σ        平均          σ                   平均           σ            平均1    2  3   -  -  -  -  -  -  2   -   -   -  79×10-3  4.3  242.4 7.6  6.4×10-3 0.68×10-3  73.6×10-3  5.3×10-3 5.0    好2    2  9   -  -  -  -  -  -  2   -   -   -  8.7×10-3 4.2  240.5 6.8  7.2×10-3 0.64×10-3  70.1×10-3  6.0×10-3 4.9    好3    2  3   -  -  -  -  -  -  49  -   -   -  7.5×10-3 4.7  248.1 6.9  6.7×10-3 0.71×10-3  72.6×10-3  5.7×10-3 5.1    好4    2  19  -  -  -  -  -  -  49  -   -   -  8.5×10-3 4.4  238.9 7.0  7.1×10-3 0.72×10-3  69.4×10-3  5.8×10-3 5.0    好5    9  3   -  -  -  -  -  -  2   -   -   -  9.8×10-3 4.5  225.6 6.3  7.5×10-3 0.68×10-3  70.2×10-3  5.5×10-3 3.2    好6    9  3   -  -  -  -  -  -  48  -   -   -  9.66×10-34.6  235.3 6.7  7.7×10-3 0.65×10-3  68.5×10-3  5.3×10-3 3.4    好7    9  20  -  -  -  -  -  -  2   -   -   -  10.6×10-34.2  223.7 6.1  8.0×10-3 0.59×10-3  68.5×10-3  5.2×10-3 3.6    好8    9  20  -  -  -  -  -  -  49  -   -   -  10.5×10-34.3  230.6 6.3  7.9×10-3 0.61×10-3  67.8×10-3  5.5×10-3 3.7    好9    4  8   -  -  -  -  -  -  10  -   -   -  9.3×10-3 4.2  237.1 6.2  7.3×10-3 0.58×10-3  71.4×10-3  5.7×10-3 4.4    好10   5  10  -  -  -  -  -  -  20  -   -   -  9.8×10-3 4.2  239.5 5.9  7.4×10-3 0.54×10-3  70.5×10-3  5.2×10-3 4.3    好11   4  8   1  -  -  -  -  -  10  -   -   -  9.9×10-3 4.5  225.7 5.4  7.6×10-3 0.62×10-3  71.4×10-3  5.3×10-3 4.2    好12   4  8   -  1  -  -  -  -  10  -   -   -  9.8×10-3 4.6  223.9 5.6  7.5×10-3 0.65×10-3  68.6×10-3  5.6×10-3 4.3    好13   4  8   -  -  1  -  -  -  10  -   -   -  9.6×10-3 4.5  228.4 5.3  7.5×10-3 0.58×10-3  67.2×10-3  4.9×10-3 4.1    好14   4  8   -  -  -  1  -  -  10  -   -   -  9.4×10-3 4.8  230.6 5.5  7.7×10-3 0.62×10-3  68.9×10-3  5.6×10-3 4.2    好15   4  8   -  -  -  1  -  -  10  -   -   -  9.6×10-3 4.3  229.5 5.1  7.3×10-3 0.59×10-3  67.3×10-3  5.2×10-3 4.1    好16   4  8   -  -  -  -  -  10 10  -   -   -  8.9×10-3 4.1  235.7 5.9  6.8×10-3 0.63×10-3  74.2×10-3  6.1×10-3 4.3    好17   5  10  1  -  -  -  -  25 10  -   -   -  10.1×10-34.3  220.8 4.8  7.8×10-3 0.55×10-3  70.5×10-3  5.4×10-3 4.1    好18   5  10  5  -  -  -  -  -  10  -   -   -  11.2×10-34.4  195.7 4.6  8.0×10-3 0.59×10-3  63.5×10-3  5.0×10-3 3.5    好19   5  10  -  5  -  -  -  -  30  -   -   -  11.5×10-34.1  193.7 5.0  7.9×10-3 0.53×10-3  62.9×10-3  4.9×10-3 3.1    好表1-2实施例含量(重量ppm)                机械强度       弯线高度           抗拉强度              剪切强度       引线  球的塑变  形状
                                                               (微米)              (N)                    (N)         (%)序号  Sc Be  Ca Y  La Ce Dy Ge  In  Ag Cu Pd   B1(N)     E1(%)  平均   σ        平均           σ               平均          σ               平均20  5  10  -  -  5  -  -  -   30  -  -  -  10.9×10-3  4.6   196.1  5.3  7.9×10-3 0.51×10-3 64.1×10-3  5.5×10-3  3.3   好21  5  10  -  -  -  5  -  -   30  -  -  -  10.5×10-3  4.8   199.5  6.3  7.3×10-3 0.49×10-3 62.8×10-3  5.7×10-3  3.1   好22  5  10  -  -  -  -  5  -   30  -  -  -  10.6×10-3  4.7   189.8  5.5  7.2×10-3 0.55×10-3 60.4×10-3  5.1×10-3  3.1   好23  5  10  -  -  -  -  -  50  30  -  -  -  10.5×10-3  4.4   235.5  6.0  7.8×10-3 0.52×10-3 71.8×10-3  5.6×10-3  3.1   好24  5  10  2  2  -  -  -  -   30  -  -  -  10.7×10-3  4.3   200.1  5.7  7.9×10-3 0.57×10-3 65.3×10-3  5.2×10-3  3.3   好25  5  10  2  -  2  -  -  -   30  -  -  -  10.5×10-3  4.7   205.3  5.3  8.1×10-3 0.61×10-3 63.6×10-3  5.5×10-3  3.2   好25  5  10  2  -  -  2  -  -   30  -  -  -  10.6×10-3  4.5   203.4  5.7  7.7×10-3 0.57×10-3 64.1×10-3  5.7×10-3  3.1   好27  5  10  2  -  -  -  2  -   30  -  -  -  10.2×10-3  4.7   208.1  6.1  7.4×10-3 0.62×10-3 61.6×10-3  6.3×10-3  3.4   好28  5  10  2  -  -  -  2  25  30  -  -  -  10.8×10-3  4.6   203.7  5.4  7.2×10-3 0.57×10-3 62.0×10-3  5.4×10-3  3.3   好29  5  10  2  -  -  -  -  30  30  -  -  -  11.0×10-3  4.3   211.6  5.8  8.3×10-3 0.63×10-3 65.8×10-3  5.7×10-3  3.2   好30  5  10  2  -  2  -  -  30  30  -  -  -  11.5×10-3  4.51  198.8  5.6  7.8×10-3 0.64×10-3 66.3×10-3  6.2×10-3  3.1   好31  5  10  -  2  2  -  -  -   30  -  -  -  10.9×10-3  4.6   201.7  5.3  7.9×10-3 0.57×10-3 63.8×10-3  5.8×10-3  3.4   好32  5  10  -  2  -  2  -  -   30  -  -  -  11.1×10-3  4.4   196.4  4.9  8.1×10-3 0.54×10-3 64.1×10-3  6.0×10-3  3.3   好33  5  10  -  2  -  -  2  -   30  -  -  -  10.8×10-3  4.6   200.9  5.1  8.2×10-3 0.61×10-3 63.5×10-3  5.4×10-3  3.6   好34  5  10  -  2  -  -  2  20  30  -  -  -  11.3×10-3  4.7   196.1  4.9  8.0×10-3 0.58×10-3 62.9×10-3  5.8×10-3  3.5   好35  3  15  -  -  3  1  -  -   30  -  -  -  10.7×10-3  4.3   196.9  5.6  7.9×10-3 0.64×10-3 65.2×10-3  5.1×10-3  3.3   好36  3  15  -  -  3  -  1  -   20  -  -  -  10.5×10-3  4.7   205.1  4.9  8.0×10-3 0.59×10-3 61.6×10-3  5.4×10-3  3.5   好37  3  15  -  -  3  -  1  40  20  -  -  -  11.6×10-3  4.5   202.8  6.1  8.5×10-3 0.48×10-3 60.3×10-3  4.8×10-3  3.4   好38  3  15  -  -  -  3  2  -   20  -  -  -  10.4×10-3  4.7   199.5  5.7  7.7×10-3 0.50×10-3 64.1×10-3  5.1×10-3  3.3   好表1-3实施例含量(重量ppm)                      机械强度       弯线高度          抗拉强度              剪切强度    引线塑变  环的形状
                                                           (微米)              (N)                   (N)         (%)序号 Sc Be  Ca Y  Ia Ce Dy Ge In  Ag Cu Pd   B1(N)    E1(%) 平均   σ      平均          σ                平均           σ             平均39   3  15  -  -  -  3  2  25 20  -  -  -  11.3×10-3 4.8  193.7  5.3 7.0×10-3 0.53×10-3 63.9×10-3 5.7×10-3  3.1      好40   4  10  -  -  -  -  -  -  15  5  5  5  10.2×10-3 4.3  240.1  4.2 8.1×10-3 0.44×10-3 75.5×10-3 5.0×10-3  3.7      好41   4  10  -  -  -  -  -  -  15  50 40 30 10.6×10-3 4.5  236.9  4.0 8.3×10-3 0.41×10-3 74.9×10-3 4.7×10-3  3.4      好42   4  10  1  1  1  1  -  25 25  5  5  5  11.2×10-3 4.8  198.5  3.8 7.9×10-3 0.45×10-3 70.5×10-3 4.8×10-3  2.9      好43   4  10  1  1  1  1  -  25 20  50 40 5  11.4×10-3 4.7  195.1  4.6 7.7×10-3 0.47×10-3 71.1×10-3 4.9×10-3  3.0      好44   4  10  -  -  -  -  -  -  20  5  40 5  10.2×10-3 4.5  237.8  4.3 8.1×10-3 0.45×10-3 80.1×10-3 5.3×10-3  3.7      好45   4  10  -  -  -  -  -  -  20  5  5  30 10.4×10-3 4.1  240.5  4.4 8.3×10-3 0.43×10-3 78.9×10-3 4.7×10-3  3.6      好46   4  10  -  -  -  -  -  -  20  50 5  5  10.3×10-3 4.4  243.1  5.0 7.7×10-3 0.47×10-3 77.1×10-3 4.9×10-3  3.8      好47   4  10  -  -  -  -  -  -  10  50 40 5  10.4×10-3 4.6  238.8  4.7 7.8×10-3 0.45×10-3 78.3×10-3 4.6×10-3  3.7      好48   4  10  -  -  -  -  -  -  20  50 5  30 10.2×10-3 4.7  237.1  4.4 7.4×10-3 0.48×10-3 79.5×10-3 4.2×10-3  3.5      好49   4  10  -  -  -  -  -  -  20  30 20 10 10.3×10-3 4.6  240.1  4.8 7.6×10-3 0.51×10-3 82.3×10-3 4.7×10-3  3.3      好50   4  10  2  -  -  -  -  30 20  30 20 10 11.4×10-3 4.5  214.2  4.7 8.3×10-3 0.49×10-3 77.1×10-3 4.4×10-3  3.0      好51   5  15  -  2  2  -  -  -  40 30  20 10 11.3×10-3 4.8  205.7  4.2 8.5×10-3 0.47×10-3 78.3×10-3 3.9×10-3  3.1      好52   5  15  -  -  3  -  -  -  20 35  25 15 10.7×10-3 4.6  210.7  5.1 8.2×10-3 0.50×10-3 77.9×10-3 4.6×10-3  3.3      好53   5  15  -  -  3  -  -  30 20  35 20 10 11.7×10-3 4.5  209.1  4.7 8.6×10-3 0.47×10-3 79.0×10-3 4.4×10-3  3.2      好54   5  6   2  -  1  -  -  25 30  30 25 15 11.5×10-3 4.7  205.8  4.3 8.4×10-3 0.45×10-3 75.7×10-3 4.7×10-3  3.1      好55   10 19  2  -  2  1  -  48 45  48 36 28 120×10-3  4.1  195.6  4.6 8.1×10-3 0.43×10-3 73.5×10-3 4.4×10-3  2.9      好56   2  3   -  -  -  -  -  -  2   5  5  5  8.1×10-3  4.0  240.9  5.4 6.9×10-3 0.52×10-3 78.3×10-3 4.7×10-3  4.0      好表2比较例含量(重量ppm)                           机械强度      弯线高度         抗拉强度               剪切强度     引线塑变 球的形状(微米)            (N)                    (N)          (%)序号 Sc Be  Ca Y  La Ce Dy Ge In  Ag Cu  pd  B1(N)     E1(%) 平均   σ         平均         σ                  平均          σ          平均1    1  2   -  -  -  -  -  -  1   -   -  -  6.8×10-3  4.8  245.2  10.5 5.9×10-3 0.83×10-3 78.5×10-3 5.9×10-3 9.1   好2    20 2   -  -  -  -  -  -  2   -   -  -  11.9×10-3 4.5  173.6  7.6  6.1×10-3 0.75×10-3 68.4×10-3 5.7×10-3 5.8   不良3    20 2   -  -  -  -  -  -  70  -   -  -  11.6×10-3 4.3  183.7  9.1  7.9×10-3 0.69×10-3 59.1×10-3 6.3×10-3 6.2   不良4    1  25  -  -  -  -  -  -  2   -   -  -  8.3×10-3  4.4  242.6  9.6  6.9×10-3 0.75×10-3 57.8×10-3 6.1×10-3 8.6   好5    1  25  -  -  -  -  -  -  60  -   -  -  8.7×10-3  4.1  249.9  7.9  7.1×10-3 0.77×10-3 57.8×10-3 6.7×10-3 10.3  不良6    20 25  -  -  -  -  -  -  2   -   -  -  11.9×10-3 4.7  167.1  6.9  5.8×10-3 0.64×10-3 49.4×10-3 6.1×10-3 5.1   不良7    20 25  -  -  -  -  -  -  60  -   -  -  12.1×10-3 4.2  184.5  8.3  6.7×10-3 0.78×10-3 45.7×10-3 6.8×10-3 6.2   好8    5  10  15 -  -  -  -  -  20  -   -  -  11.9×10-3 4.8  158.4  6.5  6.2×10-3 0.69×10-3 49.7×10-3 6.8×10-3 4.9   不良9    5  10  -  20 -  -  -  -  20  -   -  -  12.3×10-3 4.4  163.7  5.9  7.1×10-3 0.75×10-3 46.1×10-3 5.7×10-3 4.8   不良10   5  10  -  -  -  -  -  5  30  -   -  -  9.1×10-3  4.3  238.6  6.0  7.3×10-3 0.59×10-3 68.9×10-3 5.3×10-3 4.5   好11   5  10  -  -  -  -  -  60 30  -   -  -1 10.3×0-3  4.2  235.4  6.6  5.9×10-3 0.63×10-3 64.7×10-3 5.1×10-3 6.3   好12   5  10  -  -  -  -  -  -  10  3   3  1  9.0×10-3  4.5  239.0  6.4  7.3×10-3 0.73×10-3 73.3×10-3 6.1×10-3 5.1   好13   5  10  -  -  -  -  -  -  10  3   3  50 8.9×10-3  4.7  235.9  4.9  7.3×10-3 0.58×10-3 71.9×10-3 5.9×10-3 4.0   好14   5  10  -  -  -  -  -  -  10  80  10 10 7.9×10-3  4.8  237.2  5.9  7.5×10-3 0.71×10-3 67.3×10-3 6.3×10-3 4.3   好15   5  10  -  -  -  -     -  10  10  70 10 8.4×10-3  4.5  236.7  5.5  7.0×10-3 0.68×10-3 70.1×10-3 6.1×10-3 4.0   好16   5  15  10 10 -  -  -  -  20   -  -  -  12.3×10-3 4.5  155.3  5.8  6.8×10-3 0.60×10-3 48.6×10-3 6.4×10-3 3.3   不良17   5  15  10 -  -  -  -     20  55  50 50 12.1×10-3 4.9  164.8  5.2  6.1×10-3 0.67×10-3 59.3×10-3 6.0×10-3 3.0   不良18   2  7   5  5  5  5  -  60 65  10  10 10 12.5×10-3 4.4  160.3  4.9  5.8×10-3 0.55×10-3 55.7×10-3 5.7×10-3 2.9   不良19   2  7   5  5  5  5  -  5  65  10  10 10 12.3×10-3 4.7  158.4  4.8  6.0×10-3 0.53×10-3 52.1×10-3 5.4×10-3 3.0   不良20   1  1   -  -  -  -  -  5  1   3   3  3  7.9×10-3  4.0  242.9  8.3  6.9×10-3 0.78×10-3 73.9×10-3 6.2×10-3 8.9   好
细金合金线在工业上会得到广泛应用是因为它具有的弯线高度波动很小,很小波动的高焊接强度,在树脂模塑以后很小的引线塑变,和正常的小球形状,所有这些都能使引线焊接稳定的进行,即使当线径小到20到30微米。

Claims (3)

1.一种金属线焊接用金合金细线,其特征在于,组成为:
第一组元素,按重量计,钪为2-10ppm,铍为3-20ppm,铟为2-50ppm;以及
金和不可避免的杂质组成的其余部分。
2.一种金属线焊接用金合金细线,其特征在于,组成为:
权利要求1所述第一组元素;
由按重量计,钙为1-5ppm、镱为1-5ppm、至少一种稀土金属为1-5ppm,以及锗为10-50ppm的第二组元素中选择的至少一种元素,以及
金和不可避免的杂质所组成的其余部分。
3.一种金属线焊接用金合金细线,其特征在于,组成为:
权利要求1中所述的第一组和权利要求2中所述的第二组元素中的至少一组;
按重量计,银为5-50ppm;
按重量计,钯为5-30ppm;
按重量计,铜为5-40ppm;以及
金和不可避免的杂质组成的其余部分。
CN94190223A 1993-04-22 1994-04-21 用于金属线焊接的金合金细线 Expired - Lifetime CN1038853C (zh)

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DE19821395C2 (de) * 1998-05-13 2000-06-29 Heraeus Gmbh W C Verwendung eines Feinstdrahtes aus einer nickelhaltigen Gold-Legierung
JP3382918B2 (ja) * 2000-05-31 2003-03-04 田中電子工業株式会社 半導体素子接続用金線
US6500760B1 (en) 2001-08-02 2002-12-31 Sandia Corporation Gold-based electrical interconnections for microelectronic devices
KR100427749B1 (ko) * 2002-05-07 2004-04-28 엠케이전자 주식회사 반도체 소자 본딩용 금-은 합금 와이어
CN100352026C (zh) * 2002-11-27 2007-11-28 新日本制铁株式会社 半导体器件的金连接线及其生产方法
US6858943B1 (en) 2003-03-25 2005-02-22 Sandia Corporation Release resistant electrical interconnections for MEMS devices
WO2014026463A1 (zh) * 2012-08-17 2014-02-20 Yuan Hong 一种刺绣线及其制造方法
TWI685391B (zh) * 2016-03-03 2020-02-21 美商史達克公司 三維部件及其製造方法

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JPS63145729A (ja) * 1986-03-28 1988-06-17 Nittetsu Micro Metal:Kk 半導体素子ボンデイング用金線
JPH02260643A (ja) * 1989-03-31 1990-10-23 Tatsuta Electric Wire & Cable Co Ltd ボンディング用金合金細線
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JPS63145729A (ja) * 1986-03-28 1988-06-17 Nittetsu Micro Metal:Kk 半導体素子ボンデイング用金線
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JPH05175271A (ja) * 1991-12-20 1993-07-13 Tanaka Denshi Kogyo Kk 半導体素子のボンディング用Au線

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