CN103864528A - Hericium erinaceus dreg culture base material and method for cultivating mushroom by using hericium erinaceus dreg culture base material - Google Patents
Hericium erinaceus dreg culture base material and method for cultivating mushroom by using hericium erinaceus dreg culture base material Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a hericium erinaceus dreg culture base material and a method for cultivating mushroom by using the hericium erinaceus dreg culture base material. The mushroom, which is produced from 40-65 parts of hericium erinaceus dreg, 35-40 parts of cow dung, 0.5-1 part of rice bran, 1-1.5 parts of urea, 1.5-2 parts of ammonium nitrate, 1.5-2.5 parts of lime, 1-2 parts of gypsum, 2 parts of calcium superphosphate, 0.5-1 part of grain stillage, 0.5-1.5 parts of wheat straw hood, 1-1.5 parts of oil residue and 1-2 parts of potassium oxide through a series of steps such as piling, fermenting, sowing, covering soil, fruiting and harvesting, has the advantages of a fungus running speed ranging from 1.16 to 1.18 centimeters per day, fungus running time ranging from 16 to 20 days, advancing of a fruiting period by 5-8 days, prolonging of a mushroom harvesting period by 10-15 days, and increase of the mushroom yield by 30%-50%. The hericium erinaceus dregs are recovered and utilized, and the pollution on the environment caused by the hericium erinaceus dregs is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of edible fungi production, relate in particular to a kind of method of hericium erinaceus slag culture base-material and cultivation Mushroom thereof.
Background technology
Hericium erinaceus (Bull. Ex Fr.) Pers. is the sporophore of hedgehog fungus section plant hedgehog hydnum.China North China, northeast, Central-South and Sichuan, Yunnan, Gansu, zhejiang and other places all have distribution, and gather summer and autumn.The sporophore of artificial culture is taken off when sporophore grows up to more than treating cell age to 3 month, dries or using fresh herb.Nature and flavor: taste is sweet, property is flat.Function: invigorate the spleen and benefit qi, aid digestion; Hericium erinaceus (Bull. Ex Fr.) Pers. improves a poor appetite, and strengthens barrier of gastric mucosa function, improves lymphocyte transformation rate, promotes the effects such as white corpuscle.Therefore can make human body improve the immunological competence to disease.Hedgehog hydnum or good nourishing food, have good efficacy to neurasthenia, digestive tract ulcer.In screening anticancer medicine, find that it has obvious anticancer function to skin, muscle cancerous swelling.So often eat Hericium erinaceus (Bull. Ex Fr.) Pers., anosisly can strengthen resistance against diseases, ill effect that can its treatment disease; Mushroom Chinese another name is mushroom, in classification, is subordinate to Mycophyta, Basidiomycetes, Holobasidiomycetidae, Agaricales, Agaricus edibilis, Agaricus, Mushroom contains the VITAMIN such as vitamins B, C and rare element Ge, regulate physiological function, physical strength reinforcing, can also help health to absorb calcareous.Fresh Mushroom is white, can very fast yellowing but lay out a period of time.。
The nutritive ingredient of Hericium erinaceus (Bull. Ex Fr.) Pers. is very high, and every hectogram, containing 26.3 grams, protein, is two times of mushroom.It contains nearly 17 kinds, amino acid, wherein needed by human body account for 8 kinds.Fatty 4.2 grams of every hectogram hedgehog hydnum, is genuine high protein, low-fat food, is also rich in addition various VITAMIN and inorganic salt.In hericium erinaceus slag, contain the nutritive ingredients such as a large amount of tropinas, amino acid, Mierocrystalline cellulose, hemicellulose and nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, according to Agricultural development quality safety verification center, academy of agricultural sciences of Jiangsu Province, the bacterium slag of Hericium erinaceus (Bull. Ex Fr.) Pers. batch production manufacturing enterprise is detected, in bacterium slag, contain protein 2-3%, crude fat 1.2-1.5%, reducing sugar 1-3%, carbohydrate 2-3%, VITAMIN 6-10%, Mierocrystalline cellulose 1.2-1.5%, also contain the multi mineral prime elements such as phosphorus, potassium, copper, calcium, magnesium, nutritious.Along with the development of factory edible fungi industry, after producing, produce the bacterium slag that also contains in a large number rich in protein and other nutritive ingredients, in agriculture production, there is higher utility value, but China is also very low to the utilization ratio of bacterium slag at present; Bacterium slag contains numerous available nutritive elements; Find by research in recent years, utilize edible fungi residue to can be used as Mushroom culturing raw material feasible, not only there is joint production cost, shorten the fruiting phase, the advantage of increasing economic efficiency, meanwhile, for a new way is walked out in the efficient circulation utilization of bacterium slag.
Along with the production-scale continuous expansion of factory edible fungi, produce a large amount of bacterium slags, cause the huge waste of agriculture organic resource, what have also causes new environmental pollution.Therefore, how bacterium slag is handled in environmental protection effectively well, has become a more and more severeer problem.Along with the development of mushroom industry, the quantity of bacterium slag sharply increases, according to the statistics of edible fungi of china association, and 1,830 ten thousand tons of the edible mushrooms output of 2008,4,570 ten thousand tons of bacterium slags, 196.9752 ten thousand tons of Fujian Province's edible mushrooms output in 2009,492.438 ten thousand tons of bacterium slags; Because bacterium slag does not obtain environmental protection treatment, arbitrarily abandon, not only cause the wasting of resources, the easy moldy metamorphism of bacterium slag simultaneously, contaminated land and water source, mould spores with the wind around wafts, and has endangered the healthy of people.Accelerating development circular agriculture as advancing Construction of Modern Agriculture, is the Industry support of strengthening building Socialist New.And circular agriculture pattern taking planting edible mushroom as tie effectively to utilize agricultural resource be particularly a kind of best mode to the efficient disposal and utilization of agricultural crop straw and feces of livestock and poultry.Along with the development of social city, technicalization, hommization, design is a kind of cost-saving, and hericium erinaceus slag culture base-material that output improves and preparation method thereof, to meet the need of market, is very important.
Summary of the invention
the technical problem solving:
The application is for existing hericium erinaceus slag serious waste of resources, make in the method for base-material cultivation Mushroom mycelium growing period long, adopt the technical problems such as the mushroom phase is short and with high costs, a kind of method of utilizing hericium erinaceus slag culture base-material and cultivation Mushroom thereof is provided.
technical scheme:
A kind of hericium erinaceus slag culture base-material, the raw materials by weight portion proportioning of hericium erinaceus slag culture base-material is as follows: hericium erinaceus slag 40-65 part, cow dung 35-40 part, rice bran 0.5-1 part, urea 1-1.5 part, ammonium nitrate 1.5-2 part, lime 1.5-2.5 part, gypsum 1-2 part, 2 parts of calcium superphosphate, vinasse 0.5-1 part, wheat straw 0.5-1.5 part, dregs of fat 1-1.5 part, potassium oxide 1-2 part.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention: the raw materials by weight portion proportioning of described hericium erinaceus slag culture base-material is as follows: hericium erinaceus slag 45-60 part, cow dung 36-39 part, rice bran 0.6-0.8 part, urea 1.1-1.3 part, ammonium nitrate 1.6-1.8 part, lime 1.8-2.2 part, gypsum 1.2-1.6 part, 2 parts of calcium superphosphate, vinasse 0.6-0.9 part, wheat straw 0.8-1.2 part, dregs of fat 1.2-1.4 part, potassium oxide 1.2-1.6 part.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention: the raw materials by weight portion proportioning of described hericium erinaceus slag culture base-material is as follows: 55 parts of hericium erinaceus slags, 38 parts of cow dungs, 0.7 part, rice bran, 1.2 parts, urea, 1.7 parts, ammonium nitrate, 2 parts, lime, 1.4 parts, gypsum, 2 parts of calcium superphosphate, 0.8 part, vinasse, 1 part of wheat straw, 1.3 parts of the dregs of fat, 1.4 parts of potassium oxides.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention: the method steps of described hericium erinaceus slag culture base-material cultivation Mushroom is:
The first step: hericium erinaceus slag and wheat straw are pulverized, dried rear for subsequent use;
Second step: by the cow dung 3-4 days that prewets, mix Hou Jiandui with hericium erinaceus slag, turning in the time that heap temperature starts to decline by 70-75 DEG C, lime, gypsum and wheat straw add when turning for the first time, rice bran, the dregs of fat and vinasse add in the time of turning for the second time, and urea, ammonium nitrate, potassium oxide and calcium superphosphate add in the time of turning for the third time, after the 4th turning, regulate pH at 7.2-8, water content 65%-75%, makes hericium erinaceus slag culture base-material;
The 3rd step: the hericium erinaceus slag culture base-material that heap is made is transported in the mushroom room after sterilization and is evenly put on mushroom bed, sealing mushroom room door window, maintain mushroom room temperature at 65-68 DEG C by ventilating pit, after 8-10 hour, be cooled to 55-60 DEG C, after maintaining 3-4 days, be cooled to 50-55 DEG C, keep opening door and window after 12 hours and lower the temperature;
The 4th step: choose the foreign material in hericium erinaceus slag culture base-material, leveling charge level, making bed thickness is 20-25cm, opens door and window ammonia in mushroom room is left, and maintains mushroom room temperature at 20-28 DEG C;
The 5th step: first 2/3 bacterial classification is evenly sprinkling upon on hericium erinaceus slag substratum charge level, after being covered with the hericium erinaceus slag culture base-material of 0.5-1cm, remaining bacterial classification is sprinkled, sterilized in mushroom room with liming, 3-5 days closes the doors and windows, keep mushroom room temperature at 20-25 DEG C, relative air humidity remains on 80-90%;
Earthing after the 6th step: 15-20 days, the thick 3-3.5cm of soil layer, keeps mushroom room temperature at 15-20 DEG C, relative air humidity 85-90%, cools to 14-16 DEG C in the time that mycelia grows to soil layer 2/3, keeps atmospheric moisture at 85%-95%; Ventilate 1-2 every day, and each 1-2 hour can gather when cap grows to when 3-4cm, mycoderm not yet break.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention: after described second step is built heap, heap shape is for conical.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention: the quantity of described the 5th step bacterial classification is the bacterial classification of every square metre of culture base-material 1.5-2 bottle 500ml/ bottle.
beneficial effect:
Compared to the prior art the method for a kind of hericium erinaceus slag culture base-material of the present invention and cultivation Mushroom thereof adopts above technical scheme, there is following technique effect: the nitrogen element 1, containing in hericium erinaceus slag and ammonium nitrate are collaborative to be used, cultivation Mushroom can promote the growth of Mushroom, making mycelia material feeding sprout time shift to an earlier date, send out bacterium speed accelerates, send out bacterium speed 1.16-1.18cm/ days, fertile collaborative use of nitrogenous fertilizer of waiting in the auxiliary materials such as nutrient and the dregs of fat, rice bran and vinasse of ammonium in hericium erinaceus slag, promote Mushroom premature ripening, make the fruiting phase shift to an earlier date 5-8 days; 2, the phosphoric containing in hericium erinaceus slag uses and produces synergy together with the cow dung after fermentation, the nutrient in wheat straw, increase disease and insect resistance and the resistivity of Mushroom, increase Mushroom output 30%-35%, potassium element in hericium erinaceus slag and ammonium nitrate and phosphate fertilizer calcium superphosphate are collaborative to be used, can strengthen the cold-resistant drought-resistant ability of Mushroom, adopt mushroom phase prolongation 10-15 days, and extend the fruiting time in winter, send out bacterium used time 16-20 days, be conducive to Mushroom product and go on the market in advance; 3, raw materials cost is cheap, making method is simple, mycelial growth is healthy and strong and fruiting density is high; 4, hericium erinaceus slag is recycled, reduced the pollution of hericium erinaceus slag to environment, improve the biological transformation ratio of culturing raw material and the economic benefit of Mushroom cultivation.
Embodiment
embodiment 1:
Proportioning takes 40 parts of hericium erinaceus slags by weight, 35 parts of cow dungs, 0.5 part, rice bran, 1 part, urea, 1.5 parts, ammonium nitrate, 1.5 parts, lime, 1 part, gypsum, 2 parts of calcium superphosphate, 0.5 part, vinasse, 0.5 part of wheat straw, 1 part of the dregs of fat, 1 part of potassium oxide, hericium erinaceus slag and wheat straw are pulverized and dried, cow dung is prewetted 3 days, mix Hou Jiandui with hericium erinaceus slag, turning in the time that heap temperature starts to decline by 70 DEG C, lime, gypsum and wheat straw add when turning for the first time, rice bran, the dregs of fat and vinasse add in the time of turning for the second time, urea, ammonium nitrate, potassium oxide and calcium superphosphate add in the time of turning for the third time, after the 4th turning, culture base-material is light coffee color, there is material fragrance, slightly ammonia odor, regulating pH is 7.2, water content 65%, heap shape is conical.
The culture base-material that heap is made was transported in the mushroom room after sterilization and is evenly put on mushroom bed in one day, sealing mushroom room door window, maintain mushroom room temperature at 65 DEG C by ventilating pit, after 8 hours, open top and the bottom ventilation hole and be cooled to 55 DEG C, after maintaining 3 days, be cooled to 50 DEG C, keep opening door and window cooling after 12 hours, a large amount of Thermoactinomyces albus spreads all over the whole substratum bed of material, culture base-material is dark brown, without ammonia stink, there is material fragrance.
Every square metre of 1.5 bottles of 500ml/ bottle bacterial classification for culture base-material, prepares enough bacterial classification.Choose the foreign material in culture base-material, leveling charge level, making bed thickness is 20cm, opens door and window ammonia in mushroom room is left, and maintains mushroom room temperature at 20 DEG C; First 2/3 bacterial classification is evenly sprinkling upon on substratum charge level, remaining bacterial classification is sprinkled after being covered with the culture base-material of 0.5cm,, close the doors and windows 3 days to the sterilization of mushroom room with liming, keep mushroom room temperature at 20 DEG C, relative air humidity remains on 80%; If mycelia has started to sprout material feeding after 3 days, ventilation should strengthen gradually.After 15 days, be watered with SD-1750 or derosal to, culture base-material is sprayed prevention and kills disease and pest in material, then earthing, the thick 3cm of soil layer, keeps mushroom room temperature at 15 DEG C, relative air humidity 85%, in the time that mycelia grows to soil layer 2/3, cool to 14 DEG C, keep atmospheric moisture 85%; Ventilate every day 1 time, each 1 hour; Room temperature exceedes 20 DEG C should strengthen the ventilation of shading, and earthward and space spray cooling; Winter climate cold, should notice that insulation heats, and prevents that cold wind intrusion from causing wind spot mushroom and dead mushroom; Spring temperature gets warm again after a cold spell, and mainly takes cooling measure, extends and produces the mushroom phase, improves Mushroom output, when low temperature, when temperature is higher at noon, ventilates; When high temperature, suitably ventilate less daytime, and ventilate sooner or later can be gathered when cap grows to when 3cm, mycoderm not yet break more.
The Mushroom of use product cultivation, sends out bacterium speed 1.16cm/ days, sends out 20 days bacterium used times, 5 days in advance fruiting phase, adopt mushroom phase prolongation 10 days, and increase Mushroom output 30%.
embodiment 2:
Proportioning takes 65 parts of hericium erinaceus slags by weight, 40 parts of cow dungs, 1 part, rice bran, 1.5 parts, urea, 2 parts, ammonium nitrate, 2.5 parts, lime, 2 parts, gypsum, 2 parts of calcium superphosphate, 1 part, vinasse, 1.5 parts of wheat straws, 1.5 parts of the dregs of fat, 2 parts of potassium oxides, hericium erinaceus slag and wheat straw are pulverized and dried, cow dung is prewetted 4 days, mix Hou Jiandui with hericium erinaceus slag, turning in the time that heap temperature starts to decline by 75 DEG C, lime, gypsum and wheat straw add when turning for the first time, rice bran, the dregs of fat and vinasse add in the time of turning for the second time, urea, ammonium nitrate, potassium oxide and calcium superphosphate add in the time of turning for the third time, after the 4th turning, culture base-material is light coffee color, there is material fragrance, slightly ammonia odor, regulating pH is 8, water content 75%, heap shape is conical.
The culture base-material that heap is made was transported in the mushroom room after sterilization and is evenly put on mushroom bed in one day, sealing mushroom room door window, maintain mushroom room temperature at 68 DEG C by ventilating pit, after 10 hours, open top and the bottom ventilation hole and be cooled to 60 DEG C, after maintaining 4 days, be cooled to 55 DEG C, keep opening door and window cooling after 12 hours, a large amount of Thermoactinomyces albus spreads all over the whole substratum bed of material, culture base-material is dark brown, without ammonia stink, there is material fragrance.
Every square metre of 2 bottles of 500ml/ bottle bacterial classification for culture base-material, prepares enough bacterial classification.Choose the foreign material in culture base-material, leveling charge level, making bed thickness is 25cm, opens door and window ammonia in mushroom room is left, and maintains mushroom room temperature at 28 DEG C; First 2/3 bacterial classification is evenly sprinkling upon on substratum charge level, remaining bacterial classification is sprinkled after being covered with the culture base-material of 1cm,, close the doors and windows 5 days to the sterilization of mushroom room with liming, keep mushroom room temperature at 25 DEG C, relative air humidity remains on 90%; If mycelia has started to sprout material feeding after 3 days, ventilation should strengthen gradually.After 20 days, be watered with SD-1750 or derosal to, culture base-material is sprayed prevention and kills disease and pest in material, then earthing, the thick 3.5cm of soil layer, keeps mushroom room temperature at 20 DEG C, relative air humidity 90%, in the time that mycelia grows to soil layer 2/3, cool to 16 DEG C, keep atmospheric moisture 95%; Ventilate every day 2 times, each 2 hours; Room temperature exceedes 20 DEG C should strengthen the ventilation of shading, and earthward and space spray cooling; Winter climate cold, should notice that insulation heats, and prevents that cold wind intrusion from causing wind spot mushroom and dead mushroom; Spring temperature gets warm again after a cold spell, and mainly takes cooling measure, extends and produces the mushroom phase, improves Mushroom output, when low temperature, when temperature is higher at noon, ventilates; When high temperature, suitably ventilate less daytime, and ventilate sooner or later can be gathered when cap grows to when 4cm, mycoderm not yet break more.
The Mushroom of use product cultivation, sends out bacterium speed 1.16cm/ days, sends out 19 days bacterium used times, 6 days in advance fruiting phase, adopt mushroom phase prolongation 11 days, and increase Mushroom output 31%.
embodiment 3:
Proportioning takes 45 parts of hericium erinaceus slags by weight, 36 parts of cow dungs, 0.6 part, rice bran, 1.1 parts, urea, 1.6 parts, ammonium nitrate, 1.8 parts, lime, 1.2 parts, gypsum, 2 parts of calcium superphosphate, 0.6 part, vinasse, 0.8 part of wheat straw, 1.2 parts of the dregs of fat, 1.2 parts of potassium oxides, hericium erinaceus slag and wheat straw are pulverized and dried, cow dung is prewetted 3 days, mix Hou Jiandui with hericium erinaceus slag, turning in the time that heap temperature starts to decline by 72 DEG C, lime, gypsum and wheat straw add when turning for the first time, rice bran, the dregs of fat and vinasse add in the time of turning for the second time, urea, ammonium nitrate, potassium oxide and calcium superphosphate add in the time of turning for the third time, after the 4th turning, culture base-material is light coffee color, there is material fragrance, slightly ammonia odor, regulating pH is 7.4, water content 68%, heap shape is conical.
The culture base-material that heap is made was transported in the mushroom room after sterilization and is evenly put on mushroom bed in one day, sealing mushroom room door window, maintain mushroom room temperature at 66 DEG C by ventilating pit, after 8 hours, open top and the bottom ventilation hole and be cooled to 56 DEG C, after maintaining 3 days, be cooled to 51 DEG C, keep opening door and window cooling after 12 hours, a large amount of Thermoactinomyces albus spreads all over the whole substratum bed of material, culture base-material is dark brown, without ammonia stink, there is material fragrance.
Every square metre of 1.5 bottles of 500ml/ bottle bacterial classification for culture base-material, prepares enough bacterial classification.Choose the foreign material in culture base-material, leveling charge level, making bed thickness is 22cm, opens door and window ammonia in mushroom room is left, and maintains mushroom room temperature at 22 DEG C; First 2/3 bacterial classification is evenly sprinkling upon on substratum charge level, remaining bacterial classification is sprinkled after being covered with the culture base-material of 0.6cm,, close the doors and windows 3 days to the sterilization of mushroom room with liming, keep mushroom room temperature at 21 DEG C, relative air humidity remains on 82%; If mycelia has started to sprout material feeding after 3 days, ventilation should strengthen gradually.After 16 days, be watered with SD-1750 or derosal to, culture base-material is sprayed prevention and kills disease and pest in material, then earthing, the thick 3.2cm of soil layer, keeps mushroom room temperature at 16 DEG C, relative air humidity 86%, in the time that mycelia grows to soil layer 2/3, cool to 14 DEG C, keep atmospheric moisture 88%; Ventilate every day 1 time, each 1 hour; Room temperature exceedes 20 DEG C should strengthen the ventilation of shading, and earthward and space spray cooling; Winter climate cold, should notice that insulation heats, and prevents that cold wind intrusion from causing wind spot mushroom and dead mushroom; Spring temperature gets warm again after a cold spell, and mainly takes cooling measure, extends and produces the mushroom phase, improves Mushroom output, when low temperature, when temperature is higher at noon, ventilates; When high temperature, suitably ventilate less daytime, and ventilate sooner or later can be gathered when cap grows to when 3cm, mycoderm not yet break more.
The Mushroom of use product cultivation, sends out bacterium speed 1.17cm/ days, sends out 18 days bacterium used times, 6 days in advance fruiting phase, adopt mushroom phase prolongation 12 days, and increase Mushroom output 32%.
embodiment 4:
Proportioning takes 60 parts of hericium erinaceus slags by weight, 39 parts of cow dungs, 0.8 part, rice bran, 1.3 parts, urea, 1.8 parts, ammonium nitrate, 2.2 parts, lime, 1.6 parts, gypsum, 2 parts of calcium superphosphate, 0.9 part, vinasse, 1.2 parts of wheat straws, 1.4 parts of the dregs of fat, 1.6 parts of potassium oxides, hericium erinaceus slag and wheat straw are pulverized and dried, cow dung is prewetted 4 days, mix Hou Jiandui with hericium erinaceus slag, turning in the time that heap temperature starts to decline by 74 DEG C, lime, gypsum and wheat straw add when turning for the first time, rice bran, the dregs of fat and vinasse add in the time of turning for the second time, urea, ammonium nitrate, potassium oxide and calcium superphosphate add in the time of turning for the third time, after the 4th turning, culture base-material is light coffee color, there is material fragrance, slightly ammonia odor, regulating pH is 7.8, water content 72%, heap shape is conical.
The culture base-material that heap is made was transported in the mushroom room after sterilization and is evenly put on mushroom bed in one day, sealing mushroom room door window, maintain mushroom room temperature at 67 DEG C by ventilating pit, after 10 hours, open top and the bottom ventilation hole and be cooled to 59 DEG C, after maintaining 4 days, be cooled to 54 DEG C, keep opening door and window cooling after 12 hours, a large amount of Thermoactinomyces albus spreads all over the whole substratum bed of material, culture base-material is dark brown, without ammonia stink, there is material fragrance.
Every square metre of 2 bottles of 500ml/ bottle bacterial classification for culture base-material, prepares enough bacterial classification.Choose the foreign material in culture base-material, leveling charge level, making bed thickness is 24cm, opens door and window ammonia in mushroom room is left, and maintains mushroom room temperature at 26 DEG C; First 2/3 bacterial classification is evenly sprinkling upon on substratum charge level, remaining bacterial classification is sprinkled after being covered with the culture base-material of 0.8cm,, close the doors and windows 5 days to the sterilization of mushroom room with liming, keep mushroom room temperature at 24 DEG C, relative air humidity remains on 86%; If mycelia has started to sprout material feeding after 3 days, ventilation should strengthen gradually.After 18 days, be watered with SD-1750 or derosal to, culture base-material is sprayed prevention and kills disease and pest in material, then earthing, the thick 3.4cm of soil layer, keeps mushroom room temperature at 19 DEG C, relative air humidity 89%, in the time that mycelia grows to soil layer 2/3, cool to 16 DEG C, keep atmospheric moisture 92%; Ventilate every day 2 times, each 2 hours; Room temperature exceedes 20 DEG C should strengthen the ventilation of shading, and earthward and space spray cooling; Winter climate cold, should notice that insulation heats, and prevents that cold wind intrusion from causing wind spot mushroom and dead mushroom; Spring temperature gets warm again after a cold spell, and mainly takes cooling measure, extends and produces the mushroom phase, improves Mushroom output, when low temperature, when temperature is higher at noon, ventilates; When high temperature, suitably ventilate less daytime, and ventilate sooner or later can be gathered when cap grows to when 4cm, mycoderm not yet break more.
The Mushroom of use product cultivation, sends out bacterium speed 1.17cm/ days, sends out 17 days bacterium used times, 7 days in advance fruiting phase, adopt mushroom phase prolongation 14 days, and increase Mushroom output 34%.
embodiment 5:
Proportioning takes 55 parts of hericium erinaceus slags by weight, 38 parts of cow dungs, 0.7 part, rice bran, 1.2 parts, urea, 1.7 parts, ammonium nitrate, 2 parts, lime, 1.4 parts, gypsum, 2 parts of calcium superphosphate, 0.8 part, vinasse, 1 part of wheat straw, 1.3 parts of the dregs of fat, 1.4 parts of potassium oxides, hericium erinaceus slag and wheat straw are pulverized and dried, cow dung is prewetted 3 days, mix Hou Jiandui with hericium erinaceus slag, turning in the time that heap temperature starts to decline by 73 DEG C, lime, gypsum and wheat straw add when turning for the first time, rice bran, the dregs of fat and vinasse add in the time of turning for the second time, urea, ammonium nitrate, potassium oxide and calcium superphosphate add in the time of turning for the third time, after the 4th turning, culture base-material is light coffee color, there is material fragrance, slightly ammonia odor, regulating pH is 7.6, water content 70%, heap shape is conical.
The culture base-material that heap is made was transported in the mushroom room after sterilization and is evenly put on mushroom bed in one day, sealing mushroom room door window, maintain mushroom room temperature at 67 DEG C by ventilating pit, after 9 hours, open top and the bottom ventilation hole and be cooled to 58 DEG C, after maintaining 3 days, be cooled to 53 DEG C, keep opening door and window cooling after 12 hours, a large amount of Thermoactinomyces albus spreads all over the whole substratum bed of material, culture base-material is dark brown, without ammonia stink, there is material fragrance.
Every square metre of 1.5 bottles of 500ml/ bottle bacterial classification for culture base-material, prepares enough bacterial classification.Choose the foreign material in culture base-material, leveling charge level, making bed thickness is 23cm, opens door and window ammonia in mushroom room is left, and maintains mushroom room temperature at 24 DEG C; First 2/3 bacterial classification is evenly sprinkling upon on substratum charge level, remaining bacterial classification is sprinkled after being covered with the culture base-material of 0.7cm,, close the doors and windows 4 days to the sterilization of mushroom room with liming, keep mushroom room temperature at 22 DEG C, relative air humidity remains on 84%; If mycelia has started to sprout material feeding after 3 days, ventilation should strengthen gradually.After 17 days, be watered with SD-1750 or derosal to, culture base-material is sprayed prevention and kills disease and pest in material, then earthing, the thick 3.3cm of soil layer, keeps mushroom room temperature at 18 DEG C, relative air humidity 88%, in the time that mycelia grows to soil layer 2/3, cool to 15 DEG C, keep atmospheric moisture 90%; Ventilate every day 2 times, each 1 hour; Room temperature exceedes 20 DEG C should strengthen the ventilation of shading, and earthward and space spray cooling; Winter climate cold, should notice that insulation heats, and prevents that cold wind intrusion from causing wind spot mushroom and dead mushroom; Spring temperature gets warm again after a cold spell, and mainly takes cooling measure, extends and produces the mushroom phase, improves Mushroom output, when low temperature, when temperature is higher at noon, ventilates; When high temperature, suitably ventilate less daytime, and ventilate sooner or later can be gathered when cap grows to when 3cm, mycoderm not yet break more.
The Mushroom of use product cultivation, sends out bacterium speed 1.18cm/ days, sends out 16 days bacterium used times, 8 days in advance fruiting phase, adopt mushroom phase prolongation 15 days, and increase Mushroom output 35%.
All components in above embodiment all can business be bought.
Above-described embodiment is just for content of the present invention is set forth, instead of restriction, and therefore any change in implication and the scope suitable with claims of the present invention, all should think to be included in the scope of claims.
Claims (6)
1. a hericium erinaceus slag culture base-material, is characterized in that, the raw materials by weight portion proportioning of described hericium erinaceus slag culture base-material is as follows: hericium erinaceus slag 40-65 part, cow dung 35-40 part, rice bran 0.5-1 part, urea 1-1.5 part, ammonium nitrate 1.5-2 part, lime 1.5-2.5 part, gypsum 1-2 part, 2 parts of calcium superphosphate, vinasse 0.5-1 part, wheat straw 0.5-1.5 part, dregs of fat 1-1.5 part, potassium oxide 1-2 part.
2. a kind of hericium erinaceus slag culture base-material according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the raw materials by weight portion proportioning of described hericium erinaceus slag culture base-material is as follows: hericium erinaceus slag 45-60 part, cow dung 36-39 part, rice bran 0.6-0.8 part, urea 1.1-1.3 part, ammonium nitrate 1.6-1.8 part, lime 1.8-2.2 part, gypsum 1.2-1.6 part, 2 parts of calcium superphosphate, vinasse 0.6-0.9 part, wheat straw 0.8-1.2 part, dregs of fat 1.2-1.4 part, potassium oxide 1.2-1.6 part.
3. a kind of hericium erinaceus slag culture base-material according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the raw materials by weight portion proportioning of described hericium erinaceus slag culture base-material is as follows: 55 parts of hericium erinaceus slags, 38 parts of cow dungs, 0.7 part, rice bran, 1.2 parts, urea, 1.7 parts, ammonium nitrate, 2 parts, lime, 1.4 parts, gypsum, 2 parts of calcium superphosphate, 0.8 part, vinasse, 1 part of wheat straw, 1.3 parts of the dregs of fat, 1.4 parts of potassium oxides.
4. a method of utilizing the hericium erinaceus slag culture base-material cultivation Mushroom described in claim 1, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
The first step: hericium erinaceus slag and wheat straw are pulverized, dried rear for subsequent use;
Second step: by the cow dung 3-4 days that prewets, mix Hou Jiandui with hericium erinaceus slag, turning in the time that heap temperature starts to decline by 70-75 DEG C, lime, gypsum and wheat straw add when turning for the first time, rice bran, the dregs of fat and vinasse add in the time of turning for the second time, and urea, ammonium nitrate, potassium oxide and calcium superphosphate add in the time of turning for the third time, after the 4th turning, regulate pH at 7.2-8, water content 65%-75%, makes hericium erinaceus slag culture base-material;
The 3rd step: the hericium erinaceus slag culture base-material that heap is made is transported in the mushroom room after sterilization and is evenly put on mushroom bed, sealing mushroom room door window, maintain mushroom room temperature at 65-68 DEG C by ventilating pit, after 8-10 hour, be cooled to 55-60 DEG C, after maintaining 3-4 days, be cooled to 50-55 DEG C, keep opening door and window after 12 hours and lower the temperature;
The 4th step: choose the foreign material in hericium erinaceus slag culture base-material, leveling charge level, making bed thickness is 20-25cm, opens door and window ammonia in mushroom room is left, and maintains mushroom room temperature at 20-28 DEG C;
The 5th step: first 2/3 bacterial classification is evenly sprinkling upon on hericium erinaceus slag substratum charge level, after being covered with the hericium erinaceus slag culture base-material of 0.5-1cm, remaining bacterial classification is sprinkled, sterilized in mushroom room with liming, 3-5 days closes the doors and windows, keep mushroom room temperature at 20-25 DEG C, relative air humidity remains on 80-90%;
Earthing after the 6th step: 15-20 days, the thick 3-3.5cm of soil layer, keeps mushroom room temperature at 15-20 DEG C, relative air humidity 85-90%, cools to 14-16 DEG C in the time that mycelia grows to soil layer 2/3, keeps atmospheric moisture at 85%-95%; Ventilate 1-2 every day, and each 1-2 hour can gather when cap grows to when 3-4cm, mycoderm not yet break.
5. the method for a kind of hericium erinaceus slag culture base-material cultivation Mushroom according to claim 4, is characterized in that: after described second step is built heap, heap shape is for conical.
6. the method for a kind of hericium erinaceus slag culture base-material cultivation Mushroom according to claim 4, is characterized in that: the quantity of described the 5th step bacterial classification is the bacterial classification of every square metre of culture base-material 1.5-2 bottle 500ml/ bottle.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105684737A (en) * | 2016-04-15 | 2016-06-22 | 湖北浩达生物科技有限公司 | Method for producing oyster mushroom by using rice husks as culture medium main ingredients |
| CN107135812A (en) * | 2017-06-15 | 2017-09-08 | 合肥慧明瀚生态农业科技有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of Hericium erinaceus |
| CN108522141A (en) * | 2018-05-04 | 2018-09-14 | 习水县富农菌业种植农民专业合作社 | A method of planting Hericium erinaceus using straw |
| CN108633623A (en) * | 2018-03-29 | 2018-10-12 | 浙江省农业科学院 | A kind of culture medium of Hericium erinaceus slag and method using its cultivating straw mushroom |
| CN112273149A (en) * | 2020-10-27 | 2021-01-29 | 德州市农业科学研究院 | Mixed matrix for cultivating velvet antler mushroom by using hericium erinaceus mushroom residues and preparation method |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105684737A (en) * | 2016-04-15 | 2016-06-22 | 湖北浩达生物科技有限公司 | Method for producing oyster mushroom by using rice husks as culture medium main ingredients |
| CN105684737B (en) * | 2016-04-15 | 2018-06-29 | 湖北浩达生物科技有限公司 | A kind of method that oyster mushroom is produced using husk as culture medium major ingredient |
| CN107135812A (en) * | 2017-06-15 | 2017-09-08 | 合肥慧明瀚生态农业科技有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of Hericium erinaceus |
| CN108633623A (en) * | 2018-03-29 | 2018-10-12 | 浙江省农业科学院 | A kind of culture medium of Hericium erinaceus slag and method using its cultivating straw mushroom |
| CN108522141A (en) * | 2018-05-04 | 2018-09-14 | 习水县富农菌业种植农民专业合作社 | A method of planting Hericium erinaceus using straw |
| CN112273149A (en) * | 2020-10-27 | 2021-01-29 | 德州市农业科学研究院 | Mixed matrix for cultivating velvet antler mushroom by using hericium erinaceus mushroom residues and preparation method |
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