CN103858555B - Saline land utilize alkaline residue set up the method in nursery - Google Patents
Saline land utilize alkaline residue set up the method in nursery Download PDFInfo
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- CN103858555B CN103858555B CN201410139054.6A CN201410139054A CN103858555B CN 103858555 B CN103858555 B CN 103858555B CN 201410139054 A CN201410139054 A CN 201410139054A CN 103858555 B CN103858555 B CN 103858555B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method utilizing alkaline residue to set up nursery on saline land, comprise excavation alkaline residue ditch, fill with alkaline residue that alkaline residue ditch forms alkaline residue layer, arranges alkaline residue soil layer, arranges earthing platform, excavation drain ditch, alkaline residue fence be set, build pool, slope protection prevention, pressure salt row's alkali and set up nursery series of steps; The present invention comprehensively takes above each step measure, saline land utilize alkaline residue establish nursery, alkaline residue is adequately and reasonably utilized, both the pollution of alkaline residue to atmospheric environment and water body had been reduced, improve salt affected soil again, make on saline land, set up nursery practical, achieve good ecological effect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to process and the applied technical field of alkaline residue, particularly relate to a kind of method utilizing alkaline residue to set up nursery on saline land.
Background technology
Alkaline residue is the trade waste producing soda ash, and main component is calcium oxide (CaO), calcium chloride (CaCl
2), magnesia (MgO), magnesium chloride (Mg Cl
2), sodium chloride (NaCl) etc., belong to dust granules thing.In industrial production soda ash process, a large amount of alkaline residues can be supervened, the usual air storage of a large amount of alkaline residues, form alkaline residue mountain.
All the time, the improvement of alkaline residue is a global difficult problem.Alkaline residue particle is superfine little, as easy as rolling off a log dirt, and the particle that strong wind weather sweeps, fills the air in atmosphere, and the respiratory tract with people enters in body, and the probability making people obtain respiratory disease increases, and has a strong impact on the health of people; In addition the white alkaline residue dust that strong wind weather is kicked up also inevitably enters water body, thus the salinity in water and suspension content are increased.After rainfall snowfall, large-area alkaline residue mountain is drenched drop through rainwater and is formed overland flow, the leachate on alkaline residue mountain is high saliferous, chloride, because Groundwater buried depth is more shallow, through seepage and summation, leachate will make surrounding area surface water, underground water saline and alkaline increases, and seriously adds soil salinization degree.
The pollution caused water body and atmospheric environment due to alkaline residue leachate waste water and alkaline residue dust is so serious, if continue storing caustic sludge and do not administer, very seriously will jeopardize the ecotope of locality and even periphery, air ambient, earth's surface and quality of groundwater, great injury is caused to the physical and mental health of people, the sound development that serious restriction is economic and social.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is: provide a kind of method utilizing alkaline residue to set up nursery on saline land, make full use of alkaline residue, has both reduced the pollution of alkaline residue to atmospheric environment and water body; Improve salt affected soil again, make on saline land, set up nursery practical.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, technical scheme of the present invention is: on saline land, utilize alkaline residue to set up the method in nursery, comprise the following steps in turn
A. alkaline residue ditch is excavated: on saline land, excavate alkaline residue ditch, the saline-alkali soil dug out is placed in outside alkaline residue ditch
B. fill alkaline residue ditch: fill alkaline residue ditch with alkaline residue, form alkaline residue layer, until described alkaline residue layer is concordant with ground;
C. arrange alkaline residue soil layer: above described alkaline residue layer, arrange alkaline residue soil layer, described alkaline residue soil layer is undertaken puddling being mixed with by the weight part ratio of 3:1-1:1 by alkaline residue and saline-alkali soil;
D. arrange earthing platform: above described alkaline residue soil layer, arrange earthing platform, the cross section of described earthing platform and longitudinal section are all in isosceles trapezoid shape, and the surrounding of described earthing platform is bank protection, and described earthing platform is saline-alkali soil earthing platform;
E. drain ditch is excavated: in the surrounding excavation drain ditch of described alkaline residue ditch, described drain ditch is shallower than described alkaline residue ditch;
F., alkaline residue fence is set: arrange alkaline residue fence in the inner side in described drain ditch near described alkaline residue layer place, described alkaline residue fence is surrounded by some woven bags that saline-alkali soil is housed stacked up and down;
G. pool is built: on described earthing platform, build the small-sized pool for storing fresh water, described pool is 1%-5% with the ratio of the upper surface area of described earthing platform;
H. slope protection prevention: planting site is by securing plant on the bank protection of described earthing platform, top, the slope of described bank protection plantation shrub securing plant;
I. press salt row alkali: utilize the water in rainwater precipitation or described pool to water described earthing platform, pressure salt row alkaline treatment is carried out to it;
J. nursery is set up: on the described earthing platform after pressure salt row alkali, select saline alkali tolerant plant to carry out nursery, set up nursery.
Preferably, in described step a, described alkaline residue ditch depth 0.8-1.2 rice; In described step b, the thickness of alkaline residue layer is 0.8-1.2 rice.
Preferably, in described step c, described alkaline residue soil layer is undertaken puddling being mixed with by the weight part ratio of 2:1 by alkaline residue and saline-alkali soil; Described alkaline residue the thickness of the layer is 0.4-0.6 rice.
Preferably, in described steps d, the thickness of described earthing platform is 0.8-1.2 rice.
Preferably, in described step e, the width in described drain ditch is 0.8-1.2 rice; Described drain ditch 0.1-0.3 rice more shallow than described alkaline residue ditch.
Preferably, in described step f, described woven bag adopts straw plaited bag.
Preferably, in described step h, the ground that described bank protection is planted is one or more in Zoysia sinica, bluish dogbane, Vitex rotundifolia or Red Leaf Golden honeysuckle flower by securing plant; The upper described shrub securing plant planted in top, described slope is one or more in prunus cerasifera, Malus spectabilis, Chinese tamarisk, huge cercis or the rose of Sharon.
Preferably, in described step j, described saline alkali tolerant plant is one or more in Chinese wax, elm, willow, locust tree, fragrant flower Chinese scholar tree, tree-of-heaven.
Owing to have employed technique scheme, the method utilizing alkaline residue to set up nursery on saline land of the present invention, comprise excavation alkaline residue ditch, fill with alkaline residue that alkaline residue ditch forms alkaline residue layer, arranges alkaline residue soil layer, arranges earthing platform, excavation drain ditch, alkaline residue fence be set, build pool, slope protection prevention, pressure salt row's alkali and set up the step in nursery; The alkaline residue layer that alkaline residue in alkaline residue ditch is formed is fine and close separation layer, both can play and prevent the Underground Water in Salinization Area of below from going up, and can stop again permeating the fresh water that the nursery on earthing platform is irrigated of top, avoid the waste of freshwater resources; Alkaline residue and saline-alkali soil carry out puddling the alkaline residue soil layer be mixed with and have good bearing capacity, form good support to earthing platform; The setting in drain ditch, what flow out when pressure salt can be made to arrange alkali is pooled in drain ditch containing saline and alkaline higher water, flow automatically in irrigation and drainage canal, the saline and alkaline ratio in salt affected soil can be reduced like this, reach the soil requirement of plantation saline alkali tolerant plant growth, meanwhile, because drain ditch is shallower than alkaline residue ditch, the alkaline residue layer for bottom has certain goes along with sb. to guard him firm effect; The setting of alkaline residue fence, has protective action for alkaline residue layer more than drain ditch bottom of trench, prevents the surrounding of alkaline residue layer from caving in; Earthing platform arranges pool, for storing freshwater resources, as the use of soil pressure alkali row alkali, irrigating plant; On the bank protection of earthing platform, planting site is by securing plant, can prevent the water and soil loss of earthing platform, top, the slope of bank protection plantation shrub securing plant, can stop wind and snow for nursery.
The present invention comprehensively takes above each step measure, saline land utilize alkaline residue establish nursery, alkaline residue is made full use of, both the pollution of alkaline residue to atmospheric environment and water body had been reduced, improve salt affected soil again, make on saline land, set up nursery practical, achieve good ecological effect.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further described.
Fig. 1 is the structure cross-sectional schematic of the embodiment of the present invention;
In figure: 1-saline land; 2-alkaline residue layer; 3-alkaline residue soil layer; 4-earthing platform; 41-bank protection; 5-alkaline residue fence; 6-drain ditch.
Embodiment
For the Shandong seaization Sodium Carbonate Plant being positioned at saline land, economic development zone, strand, Weifang City, the present invention is described further non-limiting below.
This Sodium Carbonate Plant is positioned at varieties in saline-alkali areas, and found the factory from nineteen eighty-two and produce so far, near plant area, form two alkaline residue mountains, floor space 2.8 square kilometres (being roughly equal to occupation of land 4200 mu), alkaline residue quantity counts roughly 4,500 ten thousand cubes.Do not administer if the alkaline residue of vast number like this continues to pile up again, very seriously will jeopardize the ecotope of locality and even periphery, air ambient, earth's surface and quality of groundwater, great injury is caused to the physical and mental health of people, the sound development that serious restriction is economic and social.For this reason, applicant takes following methods of the present invention to carry out Appropriate application to alkaline residue, has both reduced the pollution of alkaline residue to atmospheric environment and water body, has improved salt affected soil again, make on saline land, set up nursery practical.
As shown in Figure 1, the method utilizing alkaline residue to set up nursery on saline land of the present invention, comprises the following steps in turn
A. excavate alkaline residue ditch: the saline land 1 near alkaline residue mountain is a unit in charge of construction with 2 hectares of (namely 20000 square metres) areas, excavation alkaline residue ditch, in the present embodiment, alkaline residue ditch north-south grows 500 meters, wide 40 meters, dark 1 meter; The saline-alkali soil dug out is placed in the outside of alkaline residue ditch.In practice of construction, the degree of depth of alkaline residue ditch can be selected between 0.8 meter-1.2 meters.
B. fill alkaline residue ditch: utilize loading machine transported by the alkaline residue on alkaline residue mountain and be filled in alkaline residue ditch, form alkaline residue layer 2, until alkaline residue layer 2 is concordant with the ground in saline land 1, carry out smooth to it; When alkaline residue ditch depth 1 meter, the thickness of alkaline residue layer is also 1 meter.The thickness of alkaline residue layer is substantially equal with the degree of depth of alkaline residue ditch, can select between 0.8-1.2 rice.
C. arrange alkaline residue soil layer: above described alkaline residue layer 2, arrange alkaline residue soil layer 3, this alkaline residue soil layer 3 carries out mix and blend by alkaline residue and saline-alkali soil by the weight part ratio of 3:1-1:1 to be mixed with.In the present embodiment, utilize loading machine, carry out puddling formation caustic sludge soil according to the ratio of two loading machine bucket alkaline residues and a loading machine bucket saline-alkali soil and 2:1, saline-alkali soil wherein can be gathered materials on the spot the saline-alkali soil be placed in outside alkaline residue ditch dug out in step a, with loading machine, caustic sludge soil is transported to the top of alkaline residue layer 2, through compacting back and forth, form hard alkaline residue soil layer 3, the thickness of alkaline residue soil layer 3 is set to 0.5 meter, alkaline residue soil layer 3 has certain bearing capacity, forms good support to follow-up earthing platform 4; And in work progress, hard alkaline residue soil layer 3 is also convenient to the traveling of carrier vehicle.In construction, the thickness of alkaline residue soil layer 3 can be selected between 0.4 meter-0.6 meter.
D., earthing platform is set: above alkaline residue soil layer 3, utilize saline-alkali soil to arrange earthing platform 4, in the present embodiment, the thickness of earthing platform 4 is 1 meter, the cross section of earthing platform 4 and longitudinal section are all in isosceles trapezoid shape, and the surrounding of earthing platform 4 and the plane at isosceles trapezoid hypotenuse place are bank protection 41.Saline-alkali soil used in this step can be gathered materials on the spot the saline-alkali soil be placed in outside alkaline residue ditch dug out in step a.In construction, the thickness of earthing platform 4 can be selected between 0.8 meter-1.2 meters.
E. drain ditch is excavated: in the surrounding excavation drain ditch 6 of described alkaline residue ditch, drain ditch 6 is in the rectangular ring-type around alkaline residue layer 2, in the present embodiment, the width in drain ditch 6 is 1 meter, from the ground in saline land 1, the downward degree of depth is 0.8 meter, slightly be shallower than alkaline residue ditch, the alkaline residue layer for bottom has certain goes along with sb. to guard him firm effect.In construction, the degree of depth in drain ditch 6 can be selected between 0.6 meter-1.0 meters.
F., alkaline residue fence is set: arrange alkaline residue fence 5 in the inner side in drain ditch 6 near alkaline residue layer 2 place, whole alkaline residue fence 5 is in the rectangular ring-type around alkaline residue layer 2, this alkaline residue fence 5 is surrounded by some woven bags that saline-alkali soil is housed stacked up and down, and woven bag used can adopt straw plaited bag.The setting of alkaline residue fence 5, has protective action to alkaline residue layer 2, prevents the surrounding of alkaline residue layer 2 from caving in.
G. build pool: build the small-sized pool (not specifically illustrating in figure) for storing fresh water at the top of earthing platform 4, and conventional Anti-seeping technology is done to the bottom in pool and surrounding.This pool, for storing freshwater resources, presses alkali to arrange the use of alkali as irrigating plant, soil; The ratio of the upper surface area of this pool and earthing platform 4 can be selected between 1%-5%.
H. slope protection prevention: planting site is by securing plant on the bank protection 41 of earthing platform 4, can be selected from one or more in Zoysia sinica, bluish dogbane, Vitex rotundifolia or Red Leaf Golden honeysuckle flower by securing plant, planting site can be prevented earthing platform 4 water and soil loss by securing plant describedly; Top, the slope of bank protection 41 surrounding plantation shrub securing plant; described shrub securing plant can be selected from one or more in prunus cerasifera, Malus spectabilis, Chinese tamarisk, huge cercis or the rose of Sharon; plantation shrub securing plant can be the nursery stop wind and snow of follow-up foundation, is conducive to the surviving of nursery plants, grows.
I. press salt row alkali: in small-sized pool, inject fresh water, utilize suction pump to extract fresh water wherein and earthing platform 4 irrigation of initiatively watering is carried out to pressure salt and arranged alkaline treatment, the saline-alkali water of discharge flows into drain ditch 6 along bank protection 41; Rainwater precipitation can also be collected at ordinary times in small-sized pool, in order to the use of irrigation.
J. nursery is set up: after pressure salt row alkali step, just on earthing platform 4, saline alkali tolerant plant can be selected to carry out nursery in a conventional manner, set up nursery.Described saline alkali tolerant plant mainly arbor, one or more in Chinese wax, elm, willow, locust tree, fragrant flower Chinese scholar tree, tree-of-heaven optional, carry out conventional seedbed system, and management method conveniently manages.
The method utilizing alkaline residue to set up nursery on saline land of the present invention, comprehensively take above each step measure, saline land utilize alkaline residue establish nursery, abundant Appropriate application is carried out to alkaline residue, both the pollution of alkaline residue to atmospheric environment and water body had been reduced, improve salt affected soil again, make on saline land, set up nursery practical, achieve good ecological effect.Facts have proved, adopt the inventive method, the nursery stock that saline land is cultivated and the nursery stock of the same type of field-grown without significant difference.
Claims (9)
1. on saline land, utilize alkaline residue to set up the method in nursery, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps in turn
A. alkaline residue ditch is excavated: on saline land, excavate alkaline residue ditch, the saline-alkali soil dug out is placed in outside alkaline residue ditch;
B. fill alkaline residue ditch: fill alkaline residue ditch with alkaline residue, form alkaline residue layer, until described alkaline residue layer is concordant with ground;
C. arrange alkaline residue soil layer: above described alkaline residue layer, arrange alkaline residue soil layer, described alkaline residue soil layer is undertaken puddling by the weight part ratio of 3:1-1:1 by alkaline residue and saline-alkali soil;
D. arrange earthing platform: above described alkaline residue soil layer, arrange earthing platform, the cross section of described earthing platform and longitudinal section are all in isosceles trapezoid shape, and the surrounding of described earthing platform is bank protection, and described earthing platform is saline-alkali soil earthing platform;
E. drain ditch is excavated: in the surrounding excavation drain ditch of described alkaline residue ditch, described drain ditch is shallower than described alkaline residue ditch;
F., alkaline residue fence is set: arrange alkaline residue fence in the inner side in described drain ditch near described alkaline residue layer place, described alkaline residue fence is surrounded by some woven bags that saline-alkali soil is housed stacked up and down;
G. build pool: on described earthing platform, build the pool for storing fresh water, described pool is 1%-5% with the ratio of the upper surface area of described earthing platform;
H. slope protection prevention: planting site is by securing plant on the bank protection of described earthing platform, top, the slope of described bank protection plantation shrub securing plant;
I. press salt row alkali: utilize the fresh water in rainwater precipitation or described pool to water described earthing platform, pressure salt row alkaline treatment is carried out to it;
J. nursery is set up: on the described earthing platform after pressure salt row alkali, select saline alkali tolerant plant to carry out nursery, set up nursery.
2. on saline land, utilize alkaline residue to set up the method in nursery as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described step a, described alkaline residue ditch depth 0.8-1.2 rice; In described step b, the thickness of alkaline residue layer is 0.8-1.2 rice.
3. on saline land, utilize alkaline residue to set up the method in nursery as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: in described step c, described alkaline residue soil layer is undertaken puddling by the weight part ratio of 2:1 by alkaline residue and saline-alkali soil.
4. on saline land, utilize alkaline residue to set up the method in nursery as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that: in described step c, described alkaline residue the thickness of the layer is 0.4-0.6 rice.
5. on saline land, utilize alkaline residue to set up the method in nursery as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that: in described steps d, the thickness of described earthing platform is 0.8-1.2 rice.
6. the alkaline residue that utilizes on saline land as described in any one of claim 1 to 5 sets up the method in nursery, it is characterized in that: in described step e, and the width in described drain ditch is 0.8-1.2 rice; Described drain ditch 0.1-0.3 rice more shallow than described alkaline residue ditch.
7. on saline land, utilize alkaline residue to set up the method in nursery as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that: in described step f, described woven bag adopts straw plaited bag.
8. on saline land, utilize alkaline residue to set up the method in nursery as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that: in described step h, the ground that described bank protection is planted is one or more in Zoysia sinica, bluish dogbane, Vitex rotundifolia, Red Leaf Golden honeysuckle flower by securing plant; The upper described shrub securing plant planted in top, described slope is one or more in prunus cerasifera, Malus spectabilis, Chinese tamarisk, huge cercis, the rose of Sharon.
9. on saline land, utilize alkaline residue to set up the method in nursery as claimed in claim 8, it is characterized in that: in described step j, described saline alkali tolerant plant is one or more in Chinese wax, elm, willow, locust tree, fragrant flower Chinese scholar tree, tree-of-heaven.
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| CN105519274B (en) * | 2015-12-07 | 2018-11-30 | 南京大学 | A kind of integrated approach of extensive coastal new Climacteric symptoms farmland ecology exploitation |
| CN106386243A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-02-15 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | Seedling culture nursery for saline-alkali land |
| CN109417983A (en) * | 2017-09-01 | 2019-03-05 | 南京森林警察学院 | Hibiscus hamabo coastal saline-alkali seedlings and soil technology |
| CN112514742A (en) * | 2020-11-17 | 2021-03-19 | 张波 | Saline-alkali soil vegetation recovery structure and recovery method |
| CN112970501B (en) * | 2021-02-20 | 2023-02-28 | 东盛生态科技股份有限公司 | Method for establishing nursery garden on saline-alkali soil |
| CN115075193A (en) * | 2022-08-02 | 2022-09-20 | 浙江大学城乡规划设计研究院有限公司 | Ecological revetment process with high water and soil retention |
| CN116368984B (en) * | 2023-04-10 | 2023-11-10 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Method for cooperatively solving water shortage and salinization of oasis irrigation in arid region |
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| CN1027337C (en) * | 1990-03-26 | 1995-01-11 | 青州市防碱绿化研究所 | Permanent afforesting method for saline-alkali soil |
| JPH08116789A (en) * | 1994-10-27 | 1996-05-14 | Taisei Corp | Prevention of soil from salt injury by using lawn grass |
| CN101259476B (en) * | 2008-04-18 | 2010-06-09 | 天津大学建筑设计研究院 | Mountain stacked with pure caustic sludge and stacking method thereby |
| CN201830631U (en) * | 2010-09-07 | 2011-05-18 | 深圳市文科园艺实业有限公司 | Greening and desalting system for saline-alkali soil |
| CN202183982U (en) * | 2011-06-16 | 2012-04-11 | 天津市环境保护科学研究院 | Stereoscopic greening device for isolating and pressing salt for saline and alkali lands |
| CN102498837B (en) * | 2011-09-30 | 2012-11-21 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | Seedling planting method in alkaline land |
| CN103477745B (en) * | 2013-09-23 | 2015-09-09 | 北京东方园林股份有限公司 | A kind of saline-alkali soil treatment method |
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Address after: 261061 No. 3567 North East Street, Gaoxin District, Shandong, Weifang Patentee after: TOPSUN ECOLOGICAL TECHNOLOGY CO.,LTD. Address before: 261061 No. 3567 North East Street, Gaoxin District, Shandong, Weifang Patentee before: SHANDONG DONGSHENG GARDEN ENGINEERING Co.,Ltd. Address after: 261061 No. 3567 North East Street, Gaoxin District, Shandong, Weifang Patentee after: SHANDONG DONGSHENG GARDEN ENGINEERING Co.,Ltd. Address before: 261061 No. 3567 North East Street, Gaoxin District, Shandong, Weifang Patentee before: SHANDONG WEIFANG DONGSHENG GARDENING Co.,Ltd. |
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