CN103477745B - A kind of saline-alkali soil treatment method - Google Patents
A kind of saline-alkali soil treatment method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103477745B CN103477745B CN201310436104.2A CN201310436104A CN103477745B CN 103477745 B CN103477745 B CN 103477745B CN 201310436104 A CN201310436104 A CN 201310436104A CN 103477745 B CN103477745 B CN 103477745B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of saline-alkali soil treatment method, the method comprises the steps: that the underground of the primary saline-alkali soil in strand builds hidden pipe desalting system, and the height on the hidden pipe distance ground of described hidden pipe desalting system is 1m ~ 2m; Metalling and zeolite rubble mixed layer that gross thickness is 15 ~ 35cm is laid above described hidden pipe, metalling and zeolite rubble mixed layer form two every salt deposit, in described zeolite rubble mixed layer, zeolite: the volume ratio of rubble is 0.5 ~ 1:0.8 ~ 3, after laying completes, repave geotextiles on the top layer of zeolite rubble mixed layer; After being mixed according to volume ratio 0.5 ~ 2:10 ~ 20 with original soil by furfural dregs, backfill also compacting, forms furfural dregs original soil improvement layer; Water slowly, until the moisture in soil reaches capacity after state, then flood pouring, get rid of the salinity in soil, until the average total salt quantity of soil is less than or equal to 0.5% in 1 meter by described hidden pipe desalting system.The present invention is a kind of comprehensive processing method integrating the various ways such as engineering, water conservancy, physics, biology.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of administering method of soil, particularly relate to a kind of saline-alkali soil treatment method.
Background technology
Saline land is a kind of salt aggregation, refer to that salinity contained inside soil has influence on the normal growth of crop, according to UNESCO and food and agricultural organization's incomplete statistics, the area in saline land, the whole world is 9.5438 hundred million hectares, and wherein China is 9,913 ten thousand hectares.The formation of China's alkaline earth and alkali-affected soil, major part is relevant with the accumulation of Carbonates In Soil, and thus basicity is general higher, and serious salt affected soil regional plant almost can not be survived.
In existing Saline-alkali Field Control scheme, it is all often the simple rubble salt discharge method adopted; This simple salt discharge method is easy to cause saline and alkalinely to move to topsoil.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is propose a kind of can effectively prevent saline and alkaline to topsoil migration multilayer every salt, salt discharge, the comprehensive saline-alkali soil treatment method of suction salt.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of saline-alkali soil treatment method, described saline-alkali soil treatment method comprises the steps: that the underground of the primary saline-alkali soil in strand builds hidden pipe desalting system, and the height on the hidden pipe distance ground of described hidden pipe desalting system is 1m ~ 2m; The metalling of 5 ~ 17cm is laid above described hidden pipe, lay the zeolite rubble mixed layer of 10 ~ 18cm, in described zeolite rubble mixed layer, zeolite: the volume ratio of rubble is 0.5 ~ 1:0.8 ~ 3, after laying completes, repave geotextiles on the top layer of zeolite rubble mixed layer; After being mixed according to volume ratio 0.5 ~ 2:10 ~ 20 with original soil by furfural dregs, backfill also compacting, forms furfural dregs original soil improvement layer; Water slowly, until the moisture in soil reaches capacity after state, then flood pouring, get rid of the salinity in soil, until the average total salt quantity of soil is less than or equal to 0.5% in 1 meter by described hidden pipe desalting system.
Preferably, the diameter of described hidden pipe is 60 ~ 110mm.
Preferably, the dimensions of described metalling medium stone is 5 ~ 30mm.
Preferably, the soil after improvement to be planted green plants.
Based on technique scheme, advantage of the present invention is:
Saline-alkali soil treatment method of the present invention is a kind of comprehensive processing method integrating the various ways such as engineering, water conservancy, physics, biology; Have employed engineering measure (salt discharge), dual control measures that chemical measure (neutralization and ion exchange) combines; And pass through the three-decker of metalling, rubble zeolite mixed layer, furfural dregs original soil improvement layer, achieve by the salt discharge of metalling structure, inhale salt by rubble zeolite mixed layer, improve soil structure by modes such as the neutralization of furfural dregs original soil improvement layer, ion exchanges.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing described herein is used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and form a application's part, schematic description and description of the present invention, for explaining the present invention, does not form inappropriate limitation of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below by drawings and Examples, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.
See Fig. 1, a kind of embodiment of saline-alkali soil treatment method of the present invention shown in it.
A kind of saline-alkali soil treatment method of the present invention, comprises the steps:
In strand, the underground of primary saline-alkali soil builds hidden pipe desalting system, and the hidden pipe 1 of described hidden pipe desalting system is 1m ~ 2m apart from the height on ground; Preferably, the diameter of described hidden pipe 1 is 60 ~ 110mm.In the present embodiment, hidden pipe 1 is 1.2m apart from the height on ground, and the diameter of hidden pipe 1 is 85mm.The tubular structure of the general side-wall hole of described hidden pipe 1, its termination geotextiles is coated; Tube wall can be coated by geotextiles, also can be coated without geotextiles; In addition, in the middle of this area, also have special salt discharge to ooze pipe, namely tube wall has the tubular structure of small hole.Its operation principle is: brackish water enters salt discharge hidden pipe by metalling water conservancy diversion, then enters salt discharge inspection shaft, enters municipal administration or outer discharge pipe after confluxing.
The present invention lays the metalling 2 of 15cm above described hidden pipe 1, and preferably, the dimensions of described metalling medium stone is 5 ~ 30mm; Above described metalling 2, lay the zeolite rubble mixed layer 3 of 12cm, in described zeolite rubble mixed layer 3, zeolite: the volume ratio of rubble is 1:2.5, after having laid, repaves geotextiles 4 on the top layer of zeolite rubble mixed layer 3; After furfural dregs is mixed according to volume ratio 0.5 ~ 2:10 ~ 20 with original soil, backfill also compacting, form furfural dregs original soil improvement layer 6, the native soil part 5 without the inventive method improvement improves layer 6 with furfural dregs original soil in FIG and other processing layers are adjacent, as shown in Figure 1.After above-mentioned steps, water slowly, until the moisture in soil reaches capacity after state, then flood pouring, get rid of the salinity in soil by described hidden pipe desalting system, until the degree of depth is that in soil in 1 meter, average total salt quantity is less than or equal to 0.5%.Soil after improvement to be planted green plants (not shown).
Above-mentioned saline-alkali soil treatment method of the present invention includes every salt, salt discharge, saline and alkaline absorption, the aggregate measures such as soil melioration.That is: the metalling 2 of the present invention by setting and the hidden pipe 1 of hidden pipe desalting system, prevents saline and alkaline to soil horizon migration, and drains saline and alkaline in soil after drip washing.Simultaneously, the present invention is also isolated further by zeolite rubble mixed layer 3, and accumulation of salt in the surface soil alkali in absorption, which can carry out drip washing by upper soll layer precipitation, namely lower floor is adsorbed saline and alkaline, prevent saline and alkaline to soil mobility, again can by rainfall by this layer adsorb and saline and alkalinely to be drained by the crushed stone in below metalling 2.Finally, layer 6 improved by the furfural dregs original soil that the present invention is mixed mutually by furfural dregs and soil, regulates soil acidity or alkalinity, improves soil property, increases organic, finally improves soil.
Operation principle of the present invention is:
1, furfural dregs is added
The feature that pH for coastal saline-alkali soil is high, basicity is high, salt content is high, the content of organic matter is low, soil structure is poor, furfural dregs mixes rear with local soil (original soil) according to certain ratio (0.5 ~ 2:10 ~ 20) and pours water in time by the present invention, obviously can improve soil physico-chemical property, for plant provides good microcell growing environment.Its principle is that the following feature had due to furfural dregs causes: 1. furfural dregs is that acidic materials can reduce soil pH by neutralization reaction.2. more Ca2+ is contained in furfural dregs, Na+ in soil colloid can be cemented out, make sodium hydrophilic colloid change calcareous hydrophobic colloid into, exchangeability Na+ is converted into solubility Na+, contributing to the downward leaching of sodium ion by pouring water, promoting the formation of soil structure.3. in furfural dregs, the content of organic matter is enriched, and not only can strengthen soil fertility, can also improve soil structure, the venting and water permeable increasing soil and fertilizer-preserving ability.
2, under evaporation conditions, effect of the present invention is:
1) two every salt deposit (metalling and zeolite rubble mixed layer) resistance effect
The feature that salinity in coastal region soil has typically " salt comes with water, and salt goes with water ", lays the continuity that effectively can interrupt capillary pore in soil after salt deposit, thus reaches the object of the salt reduction that blocks water bottom plant pit.From Soil Moisture Dynamics angle analysis, be owing to making the soil moisture potential every salt deposit and soil layer intersection change every the existence of salt deposit.When capillary water migration to the intersection of soil layer and metalling and soil layer is equal with metalling moisture content time, because the porosity of metalling is greater than soil, therefore, now in metalling the matric potential of moisture higher than the matric potential of soil layer, according to the soil water the direction of motion be towards matric potential reduce direction migration rule, cause capillary water migrate stagnate to during metalling.Only have the moisture content below native stone intersection in soil constantly to accumulate and the matric potential of the soil water is greater than the matric potential of moisture in metalling time, capillary water can flow slowly over metalling by soil layer and upwards migrate.When the capillary water in rubble continues upwards to migrate to zeolite rubble mixed layer, again block moisture in rubble and upwards migrate, the block-water effect of zeolite is extremely strong, is the several times of traditional river sand, again reduces the speed that soil moisture is upwards migrated.
2) zeolite inhales salt action and mechanism
After the moisture in metalling enters zeolite rubble mixed layer, the existence of zeolite rubble mixed layer slow down moisture upwards while migration rate, zeolite self has following three features and can adsorb the salinity in water, and maximum less salinity is in the accumulation of upper soll layer.1. there is aluminosilicate framework structure, when Si4+ in zeolite crystal structure replace by Al3+ time, whole crystal structure is electronegative, and in order to keep neutral, zeolite is generally compensated by alkali and alkaline earth metal ions, such as Ca2+, Na+, Ba2+ etc.2. zeolite has powerful specific surface area, the specific surface area of every gram of zeolite can reach 355-1000m2, therefore the interior of the very strong 3. zeolite of the adsorption capacity of zeolite all has a certain size geode, only have the relatively little molecule of size could be adsorbed by the geode of zeolite inside, it is inner by zeolite adsorption that Na+, Cl-in soil can enter zeolite by this window.
3, advantage of the present invention under condition of raining:
1) suppress moisture to move down, impel salinity fully to dissolve
Under the moisture after rainfall and in soil does not reach capacity condition, according to the energy principle of the soil water, infiltrate current will by two every salt deposit (metalling and zeolite rubble mixed layer) block, thus two moisture in the soil of salt deposit top is accumulated gradually, until after the matric potential of the soil water starts to be greater than the matric potential of two moisture in salt deposit, the current that infiltrate could infiltrate interlayer.Contribute to two salinity in the soil of salt deposit top like this and be able to abundant dissolving; Under the moisture in soil reaches capacity condition, because two porosity every salt deposit is large, the drip washing of soil moisture can be promoted, farthest take away the salinity dissolved in soil.The salt ion adsorbed in zeolite rubble mixed layer together can be taken away again in the process of drip washing, again inhale salt for zeolite under next evaporation conditions and lay the first stone.
2) hidden pipe salt discharge
Lay salt discharge hidden pipe 1 and play direct effect and booster action in the present invention.1. direct effect: lowering of watertable, prevents the soil accumulation of salt in the surface soil; 2. booster action: will fully dissolve soil salt and the water body permeated the ground is drained by pipeline, thus reach the object effectively reducing soil salt content.
Finally should be noted that: above embodiment is only in order to illustrate that technical scheme of the present invention is not intended to limit; Although with reference to preferred embodiment to invention has been detailed description, those of ordinary skill in the field are to be understood that: still can modify to the specific embodiment of the present invention or carry out equivalent replacement to portion of techniques feature; And not departing from the spirit of technical solution of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of the technical scheme scope of request of the present invention protection.
Claims (4)
1. a saline-alkali soil treatment method, is characterized in that: described saline-alkali soil treatment method comprises the steps:
A, in strand, the underground of primary saline-alkali soil builds hidden pipe desalting system, and the height on the hidden pipe distance ground of described hidden pipe desalting system is 1m ~ 2m;
B, above described hidden pipe, lay the metalling of 5 ~ 17cm;
The top of C, in stepb described metalling, lay the zeolite rubble mixed layer of 10 ~ 18cm, in described zeolite rubble mixed layer, zeolite: the volume ratio of rubble is 0.5 ~ 1:0.8 ~ 3, after having laid, repaves geotextiles on the top layer of zeolite rubble mixed layer;
D, furfural dregs is mixed according to volume ratio 0.5 ~ 2:10 ~ 20 with original soil after, backfill compacting, form furfural dregs original soil improvement layer;
E, to water slowly, until the moisture in soil reaches capacity after state, then flood pouring, get rid of the salinity in soil by described hidden pipe desalting system, until the degree of depth is that in soil in 1 meter, average total salt quantity is less than or equal to 0.5%.
2. saline-alkali soil treatment method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described steps A, and the diameter of described hidden pipe is 60 ~ 110mm.
3. saline-alkali soil treatment method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step B, and the dimensions of described metalling medium stone is 5 ~ 30mm.
4. saline-alkali soil treatment method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: after described step e, green plants that the soil after improvement is planted.
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| CN103718686B (en) * | 2014-01-07 | 2015-09-16 | 北京东方园林股份有限公司 | The afflux anatonosis of a kind of local presses down alkaline land improving system and the improvement method of evaporation |
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| CN104094693B (en) * | 2014-06-24 | 2016-02-24 | 天津泰达绿化集团有限公司 | A kind of greening method of beach saline land staged control salt discharge |
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| CN106385836A (en) * | 2016-08-28 | 2017-02-15 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | Treatment method for secondary saline-alkali land in Yellow-river irrigation area |
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| CN108934262A (en) * | 2018-09-25 | 2018-12-07 | 爱土工程环境科技有限公司 | A kind of method of alkaline land soil desalination |
| CN110121965A (en) * | 2019-05-23 | 2019-08-16 | 上海科苑景观工程设计有限公司 | A kind of planting site and its modification method based on beach saline-alkali improved |
| CN111149457A (en) * | 2020-01-19 | 2020-05-15 | 天津大学 | Coastal saline-alkali soil engineering improvement system and method |
| CN111264114A (en) * | 2020-03-20 | 2020-06-12 | 中国市政工程华北设计研究总院有限公司 | Method for promoting infiltration and reducing emission of saline-alkali soil greening soil |
| CN114568178A (en) * | 2022-04-06 | 2022-06-03 | 新疆农业大学 | Desalting and alkali removing greenhouse for desert and manufacturing method thereof |
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