CN103858555A - Method for using caustic dross to establish nursery garden on saline and alkaline land - Google Patents
Method for using caustic dross to establish nursery garden on saline and alkaline land Download PDFInfo
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- CN103858555A CN103858555A CN201410139054.6A CN201410139054A CN103858555A CN 103858555 A CN103858555 A CN 103858555A CN 201410139054 A CN201410139054 A CN 201410139054A CN 103858555 A CN103858555 A CN 103858555A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for using caustic dross to establish a nursery garden on saline and alkaline land. The method comprises the steps of excavating caustic dross ditches, using the caustic dross to fill the caustic dross ditches to form a caustic dross layer, arranging a caustic dross soil layer, arranging a soil covering platform, excavating a drainage ditch, arranging a caustic dross fence, establishing a pool, establishing protecting slopes for protection, pressing salt, discharging alkali and establishing the nursery garden. The steps are adopted comprehensively for the method. The caustic dross is used for establishing the nursery garden on the saline and alkaline land. The caustic dross is used sufficiently and reasonably. Pollution of the caustic dross to the air environment and water is reduced. Saline alkali soil is improved. Consequently, establishment of the nursery garden on the saline and alkaline land is made to be feasible, and a good ecology effect is obtained.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to processing and the applied technical field of alkaline residue, relate in particular to a kind of method of utilizing alkaline residue to set up nursery on saline land.
Background technology
Alkaline residue is the trade waste of producing soda ash, and main component is calcium oxide (CaO), calcium chloride (CaCl
2), magnesia (MgO), magnesium chloride (Mg Cl
2), sodium chloride (NaCl) etc., belong to dust granules thing.In industrial production soda ash process, can supervene a large amount of alkaline residues, the common air storage of a large amount of alkaline residues, forms alkaline residue mountain.
All the time, the improvement of alkaline residue is a global difficult problem.Alkaline residue particle is superfine little, as easy as rolling off a log dirt, and the particle that strong wind weather sweeps, spreads in air, enters in body with people's respiratory tract, and the probability that makes people obtain respiratory disease increases, and has a strong impact on people's health; In addition the white alkaline residue dust that strong wind weather is kicked up also inevitably enters water body, thereby salinity and suspension content in water are increased.After rainfall snowfall, large-area alkaline residue mountain is drenched drop through rainwater and is formed overland flow, the leachate on alkaline residue mountain is high saliferous, chloride, because Groundwater buried depth is more shallow, through seepage and summation, leachate will make surrounding area surface water, underground water saline and alkaline increase, and has seriously increased soil salinization degree.
Because the pollution that alkaline residue leachate waste water and alkaline residue dust cause water body and atmospheric environment is so serious, do not administer if continue storing caustic sludge, will very seriously jeopardize ecotope, air ambient, earth's surface and the quality of groundwater of locality and even periphery, people's physical and mental health is caused to great injury, serious restriction economy and social sound development.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is: a kind of method of utilizing alkaline residue to set up nursery on saline land is provided, alkaline residue is made full use of, both reduced the pollution of alkaline residue to atmospheric environment and water body; Improve again salt affected soil, made on saline land, to set up nursery practical.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, technical scheme of the present invention is: on saline land, utilize alkaline residue to set up the method in nursery, comprise the following steps in turn
A. excavate alkaline residue ditch: on saline land, excavate alkaline residue ditch, the saline-alkali soil digging out is placed in alkaline residue ditch outside
B. fill alkaline residue ditch: fill alkaline residue ditch with alkaline residue, form alkaline residue layer, until described alkaline residue layer is concordant with ground;
C., alkaline residue soil layer is set: alkaline residue soil layer is set above described alkaline residue layer, and described alkaline residue soil layer is to be puddled and be mixed with by the weight part ratio of 3:1-1:1 by alkaline residue and saline-alkali soil;
D., earthing platform is set: earthing platform is set above described alkaline residue soil layer, and the cross section of described earthing platform and longitudinal section are all isosceles trapezoid shape, the surrounding of described earthing platform is bank protection, and described earthing platform is saline-alkali soil earthing platform;
E. excavate drain ditch: in the surrounding excavation drain ditch of described alkaline residue ditch, described drain ditch is shallower than described alkaline residue ditch;
F., alkaline residue fence is set: the inner side in described drain ditch arranges alkaline residue fence near described alkaline residue layer place, described alkaline residue fence is surrounded by some upper and lower stacked woven bags that saline-alkali soil is housed;
G. build pool: on described earthing platform, build the small-sized pool for storing fresh water, described pool is 1%-5% with the ratio of the upper surface area of described earthing platform;
H. slope protection prevention: planting site is by securing plant, top, the slope plantation shrub securing plant of described bank protection on the bank protection of described earthing platform;
I. press salt row alkali: utilize the water in rainwater precipitation or described pool to water described earthing platform, it is pressed to salt row alkaline treatment;
J. set up nursery: on the described earthing platform of pressing after salt row alkali, select saline alkali tolerant plant to grow seedlings, set up nursery.
Preferably, in described step a, described alkaline residue ditch depth 0.8-1.2 rice; In described step b, the thickness of alkaline residue layer is 0.8-1.2 rice.
Preferably, in described step c, described alkaline residue soil layer is to be puddled and be mixed with by the weight part ratio of 2:1 by alkaline residue and saline-alkali soil; Described alkaline residue the thickness of the layer is 0.4-0.6 rice.
Preferably, in described steps d, the thickness of described earthing platform is 0.8-1.2 rice.
Preferably, in described step e, the width in described drain ditch is 0.8-1.2 rice; Described drain ditch is than the shallow 0.1-0.3 rice of described alkaline residue ditch.
Preferably, in described step f, described woven bag adopts straw plaited bag.
Preferably, in described step h, the ground of planting on described bank protection is one or more in Zoysia sinica, bluish dogbane, Vitex rotundifolia or Red Leaf Golden honeysuckle flower by securing plant; The described shrub securing plant of the upper plantation in top, described slope is one or more in prunus cerasifera, Malus spectabilis, Chinese tamarisk, huge cercis or the rose of Sharon.
Preferably, in described step j, described saline alkali tolerant plant is one or more in Chinese wax, elm, willow, locust tree, fragrant flower Chinese scholar tree, tree-of-heaven.
Owing to having adopted technique scheme, the method of utilizing alkaline residue to set up nursery on saline land of the present invention, comprise excavation alkaline residue ditch, with alkaline residue fill that alkaline residue ditch forms alkaline residue layer, alkaline residue soil layer is set, earthing platform is set, excavation drain ditch, alkaline residue fence be set, build pool, slope protection prevention, pressure salt row's alkali and set up the step in nursery; The alkaline residue layer that alkaline residue in alkaline residue ditch forms is fine and close separation layer, and the Underground Water in Salinization Area that both can play below preventing is gone up, and can stop again the fresh water that the nursery on earthing platform is irrigated of top to permeate, and avoids the waste of freshwater resources; Alkaline residue and saline-alkali soil are puddled the alkaline residue soil layer being mixed with and are had good bearing capacity, and earthing platform is formed to good support; The setting in drain ditch, can make the saline and alkaline higher water that contains flowing out while pressing salt row alkali be pooled in drain ditch, flow automatically in irrigation and drainage canal, can reduce so the saline and alkaline ratio in salt affected soil, reach the soil requirement of plantation saline alkali tolerant plant growth, meanwhile, because drain ditch is shallower than alkaline residue ditch, there is certain firm effect of going along with sb. to guard him for the alkaline residue layer of bottom; The setting of alkaline residue fence, has protective action for alkaline residue layer more than drain ditch bottom of trench, prevents that the surrounding of alkaline residue layer from caving in; On earthing platform, pool is set, for storing freshwater resources, presses the use of alkali row alkali, irrigating plant as soil; On the bank protection of earthing platform, planting site, by securing plant, can prevent the water and soil loss of earthing platform, top, the slope plantation shrub securing plant of bank protection, can stop wind and snow for nursery.
The present invention comprehensively takes above each step measure, on saline land, utilize alkaline residue to set up nursery, alkaline residue is made full use of, both reduced the pollution of alkaline residue to atmospheric environment and water body, improve again salt affected soil, make on saline land, to set up nursery practical, obtained good ecological effect.
Brief description of the drawings
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further described.
Fig. 1 is the structure cross-sectional schematic of the embodiment of the present invention;
In figure: 1-saline land; 2-alkaline residue layer; 3-alkaline residue soil layer; 4-earthing platform; 41-bank protection; 5-alkaline residue fence; 6-drain ditch.
Embodiment
As an example of the Shandong seaization Sodium Carbonate Plant that is positioned at saline land, economic development zone, strand, Weifang City example, the present invention is described further non-limiting below.
This Sodium Carbonate Plant is positioned at varieties in saline-alkali areas, founds the factory and produces so far from nineteen eighty-two, near plant area, has formed two alkaline residue mountains, 2.8 square kilometres of floor spaces (be roughly equal to and take up an area 4200 mu), and alkaline residue quantity is counted roughly 4,500 ten thousand cubes.If continuing to pile up again, do not administer the alkaline residue of huge quantity like this, will very seriously jeopardize ecotope, air ambient, earth's surface and the quality of groundwater of locality and even periphery, people's physical and mental health is caused to great injury, serious restriction economy and social sound development.For this reason, applicant takes following methods of the present invention rationally to utilize alkaline residue, has both reduced the pollution of alkaline residue to atmospheric environment and water body, has improved again salt affected soil, makes on saline land, to set up nursery practical.
As shown in Figure 1, the method for utilizing alkaline residue to set up nursery on saline land of the present invention, comprises the following steps in turn
A. excavate alkaline residue ditch: near the saline land 1 alkaline residue mountain, taking 2 hectares of (20000 square metres) areas as a unit in charge of construction, excavate alkaline residue ditch, in the present embodiment, long 500 meters of alkaline residue ditch north-south, wide 40 meters, dark 1 meter; The saline-alkali soil digging out is placed in the outside of alkaline residue ditch.In practice of construction, the degree of depth of alkaline residue ditch can be selected between 0.8 meter-1.2 meters.
B. fill alkaline residue ditch: utilize loading machine that the alkaline residue on alkaline residue mountain is transported and is filled in alkaline residue ditch, form alkaline residue layer 2, until alkaline residue layer 2 is concordant with the ground in saline land 1, carry out smooth to it; In the time of 1 meter of alkaline residue ditch depth, the thickness of alkaline residue layer is also 1 meter.The thickness of alkaline residue layer equates substantially with the degree of depth of alkaline residue ditch, can between 0.8-1.2 rice, select.
C., alkaline residue soil layer is set: alkaline residue soil layer 3 is set above described alkaline residue layer 2, and this alkaline residue soil layer 3 is to carry out mix and blend by alkaline residue and saline-alkali soil by the weight part ratio of 3:1-1:1 to be mixed with.In the present embodiment, utilize loading machine, the ratio that is 2:1 according to two loading machine bucket alkaline residues and a loading machine bucket saline-alkali soil is puddled formation caustic sludge soil, the saline-alkali soil that is placed in alkaline residue ditch outside digging out in step a of can gathering materials on the spot of saline-alkali soil wherein, with loading machine, caustic sludge soil is transported to the top of alkaline residue layer 2, through compacting back and forth, form hard alkaline residue soil layer 3, the thickness of alkaline residue soil layer 3 is set to 0.5 meter, alkaline residue soil layer 3 has certain bearing capacity, and follow-up earthing platform 4 is formed to good support; And in work progress, hard alkaline residue soil layer 3 is also convenient to travelling of carrier vehicle.In construction, the thickness of alkaline residue soil layer 3 can be selected between 0.4 meter-0.6 meter.
D., earthing platform is set: above alkaline residue soil layer 3, utilize saline-alkali soil that earthing platform 4 is set, in the present embodiment, the thickness of earthing platform 4 is 1 meter, the cross section of earthing platform 4 and longitudinal section are all isosceles trapezoid shape, and the surrounding of earthing platform 4 is that the plane at isosceles trapezoid hypotenuse place is bank protection 41.The saline-alkali soil used saline-alkali soil that is placed in alkaline residue ditch outside digging out in step a of can gathering materials on the spot in this step.In construction, the thickness of earthing platform 4 can be selected between 0.8 meter-1.2 meters.
E. excavate drain ditch: in the surrounding excavation drain ditch 6 of described alkaline residue ditch, drain ditch 6 is the rectangular ring-type around alkaline residue layer 2, in the present embodiment, the width in drain ditch 6 is 1 meter, from the ground in saline land 1, the downward degree of depth is 0.8 meter, slightly be shallower than alkaline residue ditch, there is certain firm effect of going along with sb. to guard him for the alkaline residue layer of bottom.In construction, the degree of depth in drain ditch 6 can be selected between 0.6 meter-1.0 meters.
F., alkaline residue fence is set: the inner side in drain ditch 6 arranges alkaline residue fence 5 near alkaline residue layer 2 place, whole alkaline residue fence 5 is the rectangular ring-type around alkaline residue layer 2, this alkaline residue fence 5 is surrounded by some upper and lower stacked woven bags that saline-alkali soil is housed, and woven bag used can adopt straw plaited bag.The setting of alkaline residue fence 5, has protective action to alkaline residue layer 2, prevents that the surrounding of alkaline residue layer 2 from caving in.
G. build pool: build the small-sized pool (figure does not specifically illustrate) for storing fresh water at the top of earthing platform 4, and bottom and surrounding to pool done conventional antiseepage processing.This pool is used for storing freshwater resources, presses the use of alkali row alkali as irrigating plant, soil; The ratio of the upper surface area of this pool and earthing platform 4 can be selected between 1%-5%.
H. slope protection prevention: planting site is by securing plant on the bank protection 41 of earthing platform 4, can be selected from one or more in Zoysia sinica, bluish dogbane, Vitex rotundifolia or Red Leaf Golden honeysuckle flower by securing plant, planting site can be prevented 4 water and soil loss of earthing platform by securing plant describedly; The top, slope of bank protection 41 surrounding plantation shrub securing plant; described shrub securing plant can be selected from one or more in prunus cerasifera, Malus spectabilis, Chinese tamarisk, huge cercis or the rose of Sharon; plantation shrub securing plant can stop wind and snow for the nursery of follow-up foundation, is conducive to surviving, growing of nursery plant.
I. press salt row alkali: in small-sized pool, inject fresh water, utilize suction pump to extract fresh water wherein and earthing platform 4 is initiatively watered to irrigate press salt to arrange alkaline treatment, the saline-alkali water of discharge flows into drain ditch 6 along bank protection 41; Small-sized pool can also be collected rainwater precipitation at ordinary times, in order to the use of irrigation.
J. set up nursery: after pressing salt row alkali step, just can be on earthing platform 4, select saline alkali tolerant plant to grow seedlings in a conventional manner, set up nursery.Described saline alkali tolerant plant is mainly arbor, and optional one or more in Chinese wax, elm, willow, locust tree, fragrant flower Chinese scholar tree, tree-of-heaven, carry out conventional seedbed system, manage according to conventional management method.
The method of utilizing alkaline residue to set up nursery on saline land of the present invention, comprehensively take above each step measure, on saline land, utilize alkaline residue to set up nursery, alkaline residue is carried out fully rationally utilizing, both reduced the pollution of alkaline residue to atmospheric environment and water body, improve again salt affected soil, made on saline land, to set up nursery practical, obtained good ecological effect.Facts have proved, adopt the inventive method, the nursery stock of cultivating on saline land and the nursery stock of the same type of farmland growth without significant difference.
Claims (9)
1. on saline land, utilize alkaline residue to set up the method in nursery, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps in turn
A. excavate alkaline residue ditch: on saline land, excavate alkaline residue ditch, the saline-alkali soil digging out is placed in alkaline residue ditch outside;
B. fill alkaline residue ditch: fill alkaline residue ditch with alkaline residue, form alkaline residue layer, until described alkaline residue layer is concordant with ground;
C., alkaline residue soil layer is set: alkaline residue soil layer is set above described alkaline residue layer, and described alkaline residue soil layer is to be puddled and form by the weight part ratio of 3:1-1:1 by alkaline residue and saline-alkali soil;
D., earthing platform is set: earthing platform is set above described alkaline residue soil layer, and the cross section of described earthing platform and longitudinal section are all isosceles trapezoid shape, the surrounding of described earthing platform is bank protection, and described earthing platform is saline-alkali soil earthing platform;
E. excavate drain ditch: in the surrounding excavation drain ditch of described alkaline residue ditch, described drain ditch is shallower than described alkaline residue ditch;
F., alkaline residue fence is set: the inner side in described drain ditch arranges alkaline residue fence near described alkaline residue layer place, described alkaline residue fence is surrounded by some upper and lower stacked woven bags that saline-alkali soil is housed;
G. build pool: on described earthing platform, build the pool for storing fresh water, described pool is 1%-5% with the ratio of the upper surface area of described earthing platform;
H. slope protection prevention: planting site is by securing plant, top, the slope plantation shrub securing plant of described bank protection on the bank protection of described earthing platform;
I. press salt row alkali: utilize the fresh water in rainwater precipitation or described pool to water described earthing platform, it is pressed to salt row alkaline treatment;
J. set up nursery: on the described earthing platform of pressing after salt row alkali, select saline alkali tolerant plant to grow seedlings, set up nursery.
2. the method for utilizing alkaline residue to set up nursery on saline land as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step a, and described alkaline residue ditch depth 0.8-1.2 rice; In described step b, the thickness of alkaline residue layer is 0.8-1.2 rice.
3. the method for utilizing alkaline residue to set up nursery on saline land as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that: in described step c, described alkaline residue soil layer is to be puddled and form by the weight part ratio of 2:1 by alkaline residue and saline-alkali soil.
4. the method for utilizing alkaline residue to set up nursery on saline land as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that: in described step c, described alkaline residue the thickness of the layer is 0.4-0.6 rice.
5. the method for utilizing alkaline residue to set up nursery on saline land as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that: in described steps d, the thickness of described earthing platform is 0.8-1.2 rice.
6. the alkaline residue that utilizes on saline land as described in claim 1 to 5 any one is set up the method in nursery, it is characterized in that: in described step e, the width in described drain ditch is 0.8-1.2 rice; Described drain ditch is than the shallow 0.1-0.3 rice of described alkaline residue ditch.
7. the method for utilizing alkaline residue to set up nursery on saline land as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that: in described step f, described woven bag adopts straw plaited bag.
8. the method for utilizing alkaline residue to set up nursery on saline land as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that: in described step h, the ground of planting on described bank protection is one or more in Zoysia sinica, bluish dogbane, Vitex rotundifolia or Red Leaf Golden honeysuckle flower by securing plant; The described shrub securing plant of the upper plantation in top, described slope is one or more in prunus cerasifera, Malus spectabilis, Chinese tamarisk, huge cercis or the rose of Sharon.
9. the method for utilizing alkaline residue to set up nursery on saline land as claimed in claim 8, is characterized in that: in described step j, described saline alkali tolerant plant is one or more in Chinese wax, elm, willow, locust tree, fragrant flower Chinese scholar tree, tree-of-heaven.
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Cited By (7)
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| CN105519274A (en) * | 2015-12-07 | 2016-04-27 | 南京大学 | Integration method of large-scale coastal newly reclaimed beach agricultural land ecologicalization exploitation |
| CN106386243A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-02-15 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | Seedling culture nursery for saline-alkali land |
| CN109417983A (en) * | 2017-09-01 | 2019-03-05 | 南京森林警察学院 | Hibiscus hamabo coastal saline-alkali seedlings and soil technology |
| CN112514742A (en) * | 2020-11-17 | 2021-03-19 | 张波 | Saline-alkali soil vegetation recovery structure and recovery method |
| CN112970501A (en) * | 2021-02-20 | 2021-06-18 | 东盛生态科技股份有限公司 | Method for establishing nursery garden on saline-alkali soil |
| CN115075193A (en) * | 2022-08-02 | 2022-09-20 | 浙江大学城乡规划设计研究院有限公司 | Ecological revetment process with high water and soil retention |
| CN116368984A (en) * | 2023-04-10 | 2023-07-04 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Method for cooperatively solving water shortage and salinization of oasis irrigation in arid region |
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| CN116368984A (en) * | 2023-04-10 | 2023-07-04 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Method for cooperatively solving water shortage and salinization of oasis irrigation in arid region |
| CN116368984B (en) * | 2023-04-10 | 2023-11-10 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Method for cooperatively solving water shortage and salinization of oasis irrigation in arid region |
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