CN103849143A - 一种轻质玻纤增强聚酰胺材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种轻质玻纤增强聚酰胺材料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN103849143A
CN103849143A CN201210504800.8A CN201210504800A CN103849143A CN 103849143 A CN103849143 A CN 103849143A CN 201210504800 A CN201210504800 A CN 201210504800A CN 103849143 A CN103849143 A CN 103849143A
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reinforced polyamide
polyamide material
glass reinforced
fiber glass
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赵敏
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Hefei Genius New Materials Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明属于高分子材料技术领域,涉及一种轻质玻纤增强聚酰胺材料及其制备方法。该材料由包括以下重量份的组分制成:100份尼龙66,20-80份玻璃纤维,5-20份空心玻璃微珠,5-18份相容剂,0.3-1份抗氧剂,0.3-1.0份润滑剂。本发明所制得的轻质玻纤增强聚酰胺材料具有密度低,符合现代社会对材料轻量化的要求有利于节能减排,且具有加工流动性好,表面质量优良等物理机械性能突出的特点。

Description

一种轻质玻纤增强聚酰胺材料及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于高分子材料技术领域,涉及一种轻质玻纤增强聚酰胺材料及其制备方法。
背景技术
尼龙66材料本身因其具有高强度、高耐热、高耐疲劳、耐化学药品和耐油性突出等性能而被广泛的应用于制造业。但仍然无法完全满足人们的需求,通过复合改性进一步提高尼龙66材料的物理机械性能已成为一种常规手段。其中玻璃纤维因其高强度、耐候、耐热、绝缘性好、价格低廉的特点,而被广泛应用与增强尼龙66材料,得到大力推广,然而经玻璃纤维增强后的聚酰胺复合材料最终密度均比较高,且在实际应用过程中玻璃纤维在改善尼龙66材料的性能的同时往往影响材料的加工流动性以及玻璃纤维外露等问题,严重影响制品的表观质量。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于为克服现有技术的缺陷而提供一种轻质玻纤增强聚酰胺材料及其制备方法。本发明提供的轻质玻纤增强聚酰胺材料具有密度低、加工流动性良好,浮纤现象较少等优点,该材料的制备方法通过将空心玻璃微珠引入到玻纤增强聚酰胺材料体系中,有效的降低了玻纤增强聚酰胺材料的密度,符合当前对材料轻量化的需求。
为实现上述目的,本发明采用以下技术方案:
一种玻纤增强聚酰胺材料,由包含以下重量份的组分制成:
尼龙66         100份,
玻璃纤维20-80份,
空心玻璃微珠5-20份,
相容剂5-18份,
抗氧剂         0.3-1份,
润滑剂0.3-1.0份。
所述的尼龙66为聚己二酸己二胺,其粘度为2.4-3.8。
所述的玻璃纤维的直径为6-18μm。
所述的玻璃纤维选自无碱玻璃纤维。
所述的空心玻璃微珠的真密度为0.32g/cm3~0.6g/cm3
所述的相容剂选自马来酸酐接枝乙烯-辛烯共聚物(POE-g-MAH)、马来酸酐接枝三元乙丙橡胶(EPDM-g-MAH)或丙烯酸缩水甘油酯接枝聚丙烯(PP-g-GMA)中的一种或一种以上。
所述的抗氧剂选自四[β-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸]季戊四醇酯(抗氧剂1010)、N,N'-双-(3-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酰基)己二胺(抗氧剂1098)或三[2.4-二叔丁基苯基]亚磷酸酯(抗氧剂168)中的一种或一种以上。
所述的润滑剂选自乙撑双脂肪酸酰胺(TAF)、乙烯-丙烯酸共聚物或硅酮粉中的一种或一种以上。
一种上述轻质玻纤增强聚酰胺材料的制备方法,包含以下步骤:
按上述配比称取100份尼龙66、5-20份空心玻璃微珠、5-18份相容剂、0.3-1份抗氧剂和0.3-1份润滑剂放入高速混合机中高速混匀;混合均匀后,所得的混合物料和20-80份玻璃纤维加入双螺杆挤出机挤出造粒。
所述的高速高混机的转速为500~700rpm,混合温度为60~80℃,混合时间为3~6min。
所述的玻璃纤维由双螺杆挤出机侧喂料口加入。
所述的螺杆挤出机为双螺杆挤出机,各区的温度为250~295℃。
与现有技术相比,本发明所具有的有益结果和优点在于:
本发明将空心玻璃微珠引入到玻纤增强聚酰胺材料体系中,有效的降低了玻纤增强聚酰胺材料的密度,符合当前对材料轻量化的需求有利于节能减排、建设资源节约型社会的需求,同时空心玻璃微珠和酚醛微珠等轻质填料的加入还明显改善了材料的加工流动性,缓解了浮纤现象,提高了材料的表面质量。
具体实施方式
以下结合实施例对本发明作进一步的说明。
实施例1
PA66(粘度为2.4)100份,
无碱玻璃纤维(直径为6μm)20份,
空心玻璃微珠(密度0.6g/cm3)5份,
相容剂(PP-g-MAH)5份,
抗氧剂(1098/168=1/2,重量比)0.3份,
润滑剂(乙烯-丙烯酸共聚物)0.3份;
按上述重量份含量进行配料,PA66、空心玻璃微珠、相容剂、其他助剂投入高速混合机中高速混匀,控制高混机速度为700rmp,混合温度为60℃,混合3min;将混合物料下料至挤出机料斗,玻璃纤维于挤出机玻纤口侧喂料口加入,各区的温度都是控制温度在250~270℃,挤出机拉条切粒,即可得到该组合物,其机械性能测试见表1。
实施例2
PA66(粘度为3.2)100份,
无碱玻璃纤维(直径为7μm)40份,
空心玻璃微珠(密度0.48g/cm3)10份,
相容剂(POE-g-MAH)12份,
抗氧剂(1010/168=1/2,重量比)1份,
润滑剂(硅酮粉)             0.8份;
按上述重量份含量进行配料,PA66、空心玻璃微珠、相容剂、其他助剂投入高速混合机中高速混匀,控制高混机速度为500rmp,混合温度为70℃,混合6min;将混合物料下料至挤出机料斗,玻璃纤维于挤出机玻纤口侧喂料口加入,各区的温度都是控制温度在260~285℃,挤出机拉条切粒,即可得到该组合物,其机械性能测试见表1。
实施例3
PA66(粘度为2.7)100份,
无碱玻璃纤维(直径为12μm)80份,
空心玻璃微珠(密度0.32g/cm3)20份,
相容剂(EPDM-g-MAH)18份,
抗氧剂(1098/168=1/2,重量比)0.6份,
润滑剂(TAF)1.0份;
按上述重量份含量进行配料,PA66、空心玻璃微珠、相容剂、其他助剂投入高速混合机中高速混匀,控制高混机速度为600rmp,混合温度为80℃,混合5min;将混合物料下料至挤出机料斗,玻璃纤维于挤出机玻纤口侧喂料口加入,各区的温度都是控制温度在265~295℃,挤出机拉条切粒,即可得到该组合物,其机械性能测试见表1。
表1
Figure BDA00002501875700041
由表1可知,空心玻璃微珠的加入,显著降低了玻纤增强聚酰胺材料的密度,符合当前对材料轻量化的需求有利于节能减排、建设资源节约型社会的需求,有着重要的社会价值和经济价值。
实施例4
PA66(粘度为3.8)100份,
无碱玻璃纤维(直径为18μm)60份,
空心玻璃微珠(密度0.48g/cm3)   15份,
相容剂(POE-g-MAH)10份,
抗氧剂(1010/168=1/2,重量比)0.9份,
润滑剂(硅酮粉)                0.6份;
按上述重量份含量进行配料,PA66、空心玻璃微珠、相容剂、其他助剂投入高速混合机中高速混匀,控制高混机速度为500rmp,混合温度为70℃,混合6min;将混合物料下料至挤出机料斗,玻璃纤维于挤出机玻纤口侧喂料口加入,各区的温度都是控制温度在260~285℃,挤出机拉条切粒,即可得到该组合物。
实施例5
PA66(粘度为3.2)100份,
无碱玻璃纤维(直径为10μm)        70份,
空心玻璃微珠(密度0.50g/cm3)20份,
相容剂(PP-g-MAH)16份,
抗氧剂(1010/168=1/2,重量比)     1份,
润滑剂(乙烯-丙烯酸共聚物)0.8份;
按上述重量份含量进行配料,PA66、空心玻璃微珠、相容剂、其他助剂投入高速混合机中高速混匀,控制高混机速度为500rmp,混合温度为70℃,混合6min;将混合物料下料至挤出机料斗,玻璃纤维于挤出机玻纤口侧喂料口加入,各区的温度都是控制温度在260~285℃,挤出机拉条切粒,即可得到该组合物,其机械性能测试见表1。
上述的对实施例的描述是为便于该技术领域的普通技术人员能理解和应用本发明。熟悉本领域技术的人员显然可以容易地对这些实施例做出各种修改,并把在此说明的一般原理应用到其他实施例中而不必经过创造性的劳动。因此,本发明不限于这里的实施例,本领域技术人员根据本发明的揭示,不脱离本发明范畴所做出的改进和修改都应该在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

1.一种玻纤增强聚酰胺材料,其特征在于:由包含以下重量份的组分制成:
Figure FDA00002501875600011
2.根据权利要求1所述的玻纤增强聚酰胺材料,其特征在于:所述的尼龙66为聚己二酸己二胺,其粘度为2.4-3.8。
3.根据权利要求1所述的玻纤增强聚酰胺材料,其特征在于:所述的玻璃纤维的直径为6-18μm。
4.根据权利要求1所述的玻纤增强聚酰胺材料,其特征在于:所述的玻璃纤维选自无碱玻璃纤维。
5.根据权利要求1所述的玻纤增强聚酰胺材料,其特征在于:所述的空心玻璃微珠的真密度为0.32g/cm3~0.6g/cm3
6.根据权利要求1所述的玻纤增强聚酰胺材料,其特征在于:所述的相容剂选自马来酸酐接枝乙烯-辛烯共聚物、马来酸酐接枝三元乙丙橡胶或丙烯酸缩水甘油酯接枝聚丙烯中的一种或一种以上。
7.根据权利要求1所述的玻纤增强聚酰胺材料,其特征在于:所述的抗氧剂选自四[β-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸]季戊四醇酯、N,N'-双-(3-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酰基)己二胺或三[2.4-二叔丁基苯基]亚磷酸酯中的一种或一种以上。
8.根据权利要求1所述的玻纤增强聚酰胺材料,其特征在于:所述的润滑剂选自乙撑双脂肪酸酰胺、乙烯-丙烯酸共聚物或硅酮粉中的一种或一种以上。
9.一种上述权利要求1-8中任一所述的玻纤增强聚酰胺材料的制备方法,其特征在于:包含以下步骤:
按权利要求1所述的配比称取100份尼龙66、5-20份空心玻璃微珠、5-18份相容剂、0.3-1份抗氧剂和0.3-1份润滑剂放入高速混合机中高速混匀;混合均匀后,所得的混合物料和20-80份玻璃纤维加入双螺杆挤出机挤出造粒。
10.根据权利要求9所述的制备方法,其特征在于:所述的高速高混机的转速为500~700rpm,混合温度为60~80℃,混合时间为3~6min;
或所述的玻璃纤维由双螺杆挤出机侧喂料口加入;
或所述的螺杆挤出机为双螺杆挤出机,各区的温度为250~295℃。
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