CN103814092B - 涂层/密封剂体系,水性树脂质分散体,和电涂方法 - Google Patents
涂层/密封剂体系,水性树脂质分散体,和电涂方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN103814092B CN103814092B CN201280044746.1A CN201280044746A CN103814092B CN 103814092 B CN103814092 B CN 103814092B CN 201280044746 A CN201280044746 A CN 201280044746A CN 103814092 B CN103814092 B CN 103814092B
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- azoles
- acid
- sulfydryl
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- sulfur
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- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
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- UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(O)=O UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000000108 ultra-filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- XAEWLETZEZXLHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;dioxido(dioxo)molybdenum Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O XAEWLETZEZXLHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
涂层/密封剂体系,其包括涂层和沉积在所述涂层的至少一部分上的密封剂,其中该涂层包括由含有以下的反应物形成的反应产物:含磷的酸酸化的环氧树脂和固化剂,并且该密封剂包含含硫聚合物。
Description
关于联邦赞助的声明
本发明在政府支持下根据空军研究实验室授权的合同No.FA8650-05-C-5010做出。美国政府可能在本发明中享有某些权利。
发明领域
本发明涉及涂层/密封剂体系,阴离子树脂质分散体,和使用该分散体进行电涂的方法。
发明背景
已知含硫聚合物很好地适用于多种应用,例如航空航天密封剂组合物,这部分是由于它们交联后的耐燃料特性。常用于航空航天密封剂组合物的一类含硫聚合物是聚硫化物,它们是具有二硫化物(-S-S-)连接基的聚合物。包括含硫聚合物、例如聚硫化物的航空航天密封剂可施涂到导电基材(例如包含铝的那些)之间形成的连接点或间隙,这些基材之前已施涂了之前沉积的耐腐蚀底漆涂层。重要的是,密封剂和底漆涂层彼此之间以及对基材粘合良好,但这不总是能够实现。
发明概述
在某些方面,本发明涉及涂层/密封剂体系。这些体系包含涂层和沉积在所述涂层的至少一部分上的密封剂。该涂层包含由含有以下的反应物形成的反应产物:(i)含磷的酸酸化的环氧树脂;和(ii)固化剂,该密封剂由包含含硫聚合物的组合物沉积,所述含硫聚合物包括硫醇官能的聚硫化物。
在其它方面,本发明涉及水性树脂质分散体。这些分散体包含碱中和的树脂质组合物,该组合物包含未凝胶的含磷的酸酸化的环氧树脂。该未凝胶的含磷的酸酸化的环氧树脂包含由含有以下的反应物形成的反应产物:(a)多环氧化物;(b)硫官能的唑;和(c)含磷的酸。
在再其它方面中,本发明涉及电涂导电基材的方法,该基材用作电路中的阳极,该电路包含浸渍在水性树脂质分散体中的阳极和阴极,所述方法包括使电流通过该阳极和阴极之间以使树脂质组合物沉积在该阳极上。在这些方法中,该分散体包含阴离子型树脂,该树脂包含由含有以下的反应物形成的反应产物:(a)多环氧化物;(b)硫官能的唑;和(c)含磷的酸。
本发明还涉及相关的经涂覆的基材,包括包含用本文描述的组合物涂覆的基材和/或本文描述的涂层/密封剂体系的航空航天交通工具。
本发明实施方式的详细说明
在下面的详细说明中,应当理解本发明可以假定不同的可选择的变化和步骤次序,除了另有明确的相反指示之外。此外,除了在任何的操作实施例中或者另有指示之处外,表示例如说明书和权利要求中所用的成分的量的全部数字被理解为在全部的情况中是用术语“大约”来修正的。因此,除非另有相反的指示,否则下面的说明书和附加的权利要求中阐明的数字参数是近似的,其可以根据本发明所获得的期望的性能而变化。最起码,和并非打算使用等价原则来限制权利要求的范围,每个数字参数应当至少按照所报告的有效数字的数值和通过使用通常的四舍五入技术来解释。
虽然阐明本发明宽的范围的数字范围和参数是近似的,但是在具体实施例中所述的数值是尽可能精确来报告的。但是任何数值本质上包含了由它们各自的测试测量中存在的标准偏差所必然形成的某些误差。
同样,应当理解此处所述的任何数字范围目的是包括其中所含的全部的亚范围。例如“1-10”的范围目的是包括在所述的最小值1和所述的最大值10之间(并且包含)的全部的亚范围,即,其具有最小值等于或者大于1和最大值等于或者小于10。
如上所述,本发明的某些实施方式涉及涂层/密封剂体系。本文使用的术语“涂层/密封剂体系”是指包括涂层和沉积在所述涂层的至少一部分上的密封剂的组合。本文使用的术语“涂层”是指支撑在基材上的基本上连续的聚合物层,其可能具有或不具有均匀厚度。本文使用的术语“密封剂”是指固体弹性体,其当施涂到孔洞(例如两个部件之间的界面形成的连接点或空隙)时,其具有以下能力:耐大气条件(例如湿气和温度),并至少部分地阻挡例如水、燃料、和/或其它液体和气体的物质(它们原本可能存在于孔洞中)透过。因此,密封剂经常被施涂到组成部件的外周边缘表面,从而阻碍物质输送过该部件或从该部件输送。在某些实施方式中,本发明的涂层/密封剂体系可用于航空航天燃料箱上。因此,在本发明的某些实施方式中,密封剂是“耐燃料的”,这用在本文中是指固化的密封剂,根据类似于ASTM D792或AMS3269a(它们在此通过引用纳入)中描述的方法在140°F(60℃)和环境压力(1大气压)在1型喷气参比流体(JRF)浸泡一周后,其百分比体积溶胀不超过40%,在一些情况下不超过25%,在一些情况下不超过20%。本发明中使用的用于确定耐燃料性的1型喷气参比流体JRF具有如下组成(参见AMS2629,1989年7月1日颁布),§3.1.1等,可获自SAE(Society of Automotive Engineers,Warrendale,PA)(在此通过引用纳入):
本发明的涂层/密封剂体系可以沉积在任意多种基材上。然而,在某些实施方式中,该基材是导电的,例如在包括钛、不锈钢、铝以及导电复合材料,例如含有足量导电填料,例如炭黑的聚合物材料的情况中。如能够领会的,基材可以任选地用腐蚀抑制处理,例如阳极化或沉积转化涂料组合物(例如描述于美国专利申请公开No.2010-0243108A1第[0014]-[0019]段,其引用的部分在此通过引用纳入)进行预处理,只要该基材保持其导电性。在一些实施方式中,只将基材清洁和脱氧,然后就施涂本发明的涂层/密封剂体系。这样的清洁和脱氧描述于前述美国专利申请公开No.2010-0243108第[0014]-[0017]段。
在本发明的某些实施方式中,基材体现为飞机组件的形式,例如,例如,机翼、机身或尾翼组装体。更具体来说,基材可以体现为任意多种飞机部件,例如,副翼、翼缘(前端或后端)或翼梁、缝翼、扰流板、襟翼、方向舵、翅片、水平稳定器、升降舵、尾翼、管道、座椅轨道、地板轨道、支杆、纵梁、蒙皮、筋条、隔板、轮子、纵桁、直升飞机旋转机翼(包括翼梁和外表面),或任意多种法兰、铰链、夹具和紧固器,例如将各部件连接在一起的铆钉、螺栓、螺母。
如前所述,本发明的涂层/密封剂体系包含涂层,该涂层包含由含有含磷的酸酸化的环氧树脂的反应物形成的反应产物。本文使用的术语“含磷的酸酸化的环氧树脂”是指未凝胶的得自至少多环氧化物和含磷的酸的树脂。
合适的多环氧化物包括任何具有每分子多于1.0个环氧基团的化合物或化合物的混合物。许多多环氧化物是本领域已知的。所述多环氧化物的实例可以参见Handbook ofEpoxy Resins,Lee and Neville,1967,McGraw-Hill Book Company。
在本发明的某些实施方式中,多环氧化物包括多酚的多缩水甘油基醚,例如双酚A。如能够领会的,这样的多环氧化物可以通过多酚与表氯醇在碱的存在下的醚化来制备。合适的多酚包括,但不限于,1,1-双(4-羟基苯基)乙烷;2,2-双(4-羟基苯基)丙烷;1,1-双(4-羟基苯基)异丁烷;2,2-双(4-羟基叔丁基苯基)丙烷;双(2-羟基萘基)甲烷;1,5-二羟基萘;1,1-双(4-羟基-3-烯丙基苯基)乙烷;和4,4-双(4’-羟基苯基)戊酸。另一种有用类别的多环氧化物是类似地由多酚树脂制备。
除了上述多环氧化物,还可以适用含有侧环氧基团的加成聚合聚合物。此类聚合物可以通过使多种能聚合的烯属不饱和单体共聚来制备,该能聚合的烯属不饱和单体至少一种是含有环氧基的单体,例如缩水甘油基丙烯酸酯或缩水甘油基甲基丙烯酸酯。
不含与环氧基团反应的基团的合适的烯属不饱和单体可以用作共聚单体。示例的此路单体包括α,β-烯属不饱和单体,例如含有1-约8个碳原子的饱和醇类的不饱和羧酸酯,和单乙烯基芳族单体,例如苯乙烯和乙烯基甲苯。
在某些实施方式中,多环氧化物的环氧当量重量为172-5000,例如300-1000。
除了多环氧化物,反应混合物可以含有单体单环氧化物,例如醇类和酚类的单缩水甘油基醚,例如苯基缩水甘油基醚,和单羧酸的缩水甘油基酯,例如缩水甘油基新癸酸酯。
在某些实施方式中,与多环氧化物反应的含磷的酸包括磷酸,例如,100%正磷酸或磷酸水溶液,例如被称作85%磷酸。其他形式的磷酸例如过磷酸、二磷酸和三磷酸可以用于本发明。而且,可以使用磷酸的聚合物或偏酐。在一些实施方式中,使用约70-90%并且优选约85%的磷酸水溶液。
在一些实施方式中,与多环氧化物反应的含磷的酸基本上由磷酸组成。换句话说,在这些实施方式中,磷酸以至少98摩尔%,至少99%摩尔%,或在一些情况下100摩尔%的量存在,基于与多环氧化物反应的含磷的酸的总摩尔数。
或者,此外,或作为代替,磷酸、膦酸和/或亚膦酸可以与多环氧化物反应。膦酸的实例是以下结构的有机膦酸:
其中R是有机基团,例如具有总计1-30,例如6-18个碳的那些。R可以是脂族、芳族或混合的脂族/芳族,并且可以是未取代的烃或取代的烃。
亚膦酸的实例是以下结构的有机亚膦酸:
其中R和R'各自独立地是氢或有机基团。此类基团的实例是具有总计1-30,例如6-18个碳的那些。亚膦酸的有机组分(R,R')可以是脂族、芳族或混合的脂族/芳族。R和R'可以是未取代的烃或取代的烃。
代表性合适的有机膦酸和有机亚膦酸有:3-氨基丙基膦酸,4-甲氧基苯基膦酸,苄基膦酸,丁基膦酸,羧乙基膦酸,二苯基亚膦酸,十二烷基膦酸,亚乙基二膦酸,十七烷基膦酸,甲基苄基亚膦酸,萘基甲基亚膦酸,十八烷基膦酸,辛基膦酸,戊基膦酸,甲基苯基亚膦酸,苯基膦酸,苯乙烯膦酸,十二烷基双-1,12-膦酸,聚(乙二醇)膦酸,包括它们的混合物。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,含磷的酸包括:(a)磷酸;和(b)有机膦酸和/或有机次膦酸的混合物。在这些实施方式中,如能够领会的,所得含磷的酸酸化的环氧树脂包含由含有以下的反应物形成的反应产物的混合物:(i)多环氧化物;(ii)磷酸;和(iii)有机膦酸和/或有机次膦酸。如能够领会的,这样的反应产物的混合物可包括其中该含磷的酸酸化的部分仅得自磷酸的含磷的酸酸化的环氧树脂,其中该含磷的酸酸化的部分仅得自有机膦酸和/或有机亚膦酸的含磷的酸酸化的环氧树脂,和/或其中该含磷的酸酸化的部分得自磷酸和/或有机膦酸和/或有机亚膦酸的含磷的酸酸化的环氧树脂。在某些实施方式中,彼此反应的多环氧化物和含磷的酸的相对量是:对于每当量的环氧基,有0.1-0.8摩尔的磷酸以及0.01-0.4摩尔的有机膦酸和/或有机亚膦酸,其中磷酸与有机膦酸和/或有机亚膦酸的摩尔比在1:0.01-0.5的范围。含磷的酸酸化的环氧树脂的酸值通常为10-60,例如15-50,基于树脂固体计。
在本发明的某些实施方式中,用于制备含磷的酸酸化的环氧树脂的反应物进一步包含硫官能的唑。本文使用的“唑”是指5元杂环化合物,其在杂环中含有两个双键,一个氮原子,至少一个其它非碳原子(例如另一个氮原子、氧原子或硫原子),和一个或更多个碳原子。示例的唑类包括,不限于,二唑、三唑、四唑、噁唑、噁二唑、噁三唑、噻唑、噻二唑、和噻三唑。本文使用的“硫官能的唑”三指在唑包括唑环外的至少一个硫原子。
在某些实施方式中,硫官能的唑包括巯基芳基咪唑,巯基芳基噁唑,和/或巯基芳基噻唑。
更具体来说,在某些实施方式中,巯基芳基咪唑,巯基芳基噁唑,或巯基芳基噻唑由结构式(I)或(II)表示或其互变异构体:
其中:(i)X代表氮原子,氧原子,或硫原子;(ii)R代表羟基,氢,芳基,烷基,芳烷基,或卤素原子;和(iii)n是0-4的整数。
适用于本发明的根据结构式(I)的化合物的具体实例包括巯基苯并咪唑,巯基甲基苯并咪唑,巯基羟基苯并咪唑,巯基碘苯并咪唑,巯基氯苯并咪唑,巯基四羟基丁基苯基咪唑,巯基苯并噁唑,巯基甲基苯并噁唑,巯基羟基苯并噁唑,巯基碘苯并噁唑,巯基氯苯并噁唑,巯基四羟基丁基苯基噁唑,巯基苯并噻唑,巯基甲基苯并噻唑,巯基羟基苯并噻唑,巯基碘苯并噻唑,巯基氯苯并噻唑,巯基四羟基丁基苯基噻唑,巯基羟基苯并噻唑等,包括它们的混合物。
适用于本发明的根据结构式(II)的化合物的具体实例包括巯基萘并咪唑,巯基氯萘并咪唑,巯基羟基萘并咪唑,巯基甲基萘并咪唑,巯基萘并噻唑,巯基碘萘并噻唑,巯基羟基萘并噻唑,巯基甲基萘并噻唑等,包括它们的混合物。此类化合物披露于美国专利No.5,498,502第4栏,第8-40行,其引用的部分在此通过引用纳入。
还合适的是在杂环中含有三个或更多个氮原子的硫官能的唑类,即三唑和四唑。在一些实施方式中,硫官能的唑包括根据式(III)的硫官能的四唑:
其中R代表有机基团,例如具有总共1-30,例如1-18或6-18或1-6个碳原子的那些。R可以是脂族、芳族、或混合的脂族/芳族,并且可以是未取代的烃或取代的烃。
根据式(III)的此类化合物的具体实例是5-巯基-1-甲基四唑,1-乙基-5-巯基四唑,1-环丙基-5-巯基四唑,1-烯丙基-5-巯基四唑,1-苄基-5-巯基四唑,1-(2-甲氧基乙基)-5-巯基四唑,和苯基-1H-四唑5-硫醇。
硫官能的三唑的实例包括5-苯基-1H-1,2,4-三唑-3-硫醇,3-巯基-1,5-二苯基-1,2,4-三唑,3-巯基-1,2,4-三唑,3-巯基-4-甲基-1,2,4-三唑,3-巯基-1-苯基-1,2,4-三唑,5-巯基-1-苯基-1,2,4-三唑,和5-巯基-1,2,4-三唑-3-乙酸,3,5-二巯基-1,2,4-三唑,3,5-二巯基-1-苯基-1,2,4-三唑,和3,5-二巯基-1,4-二苯基-1,2,4-三唑。
硫官能的噁唑的实例包括:2-巯基噁唑并[4,5]吡啶;2-巯基噁唑,5-硝基-2-巯基苯并噁唑;5-氯-巯基噁唑;2-巯基-5-苯基噁唑;2-巯基-4,5-二甲基噁唑;2-巯基-4,5-二苯基噁唑;6-氨基-巯基苯并噁唑;2-巯基苯并噁唑;2-硫酮-4-噁唑烷酮。
硫官能的噻唑的实例包括:2-巯基噻唑;4,5-二苯基-2-巯基噻唑;4-甲基-2-巯基噻唑;4,5-二甲基-2-巯基噻唑;硫代罗丹宁;2-巯基-4-苯基噻唑;5-硫代罗丹宁乙酸;罗丹宁酸。
硫官能的噻二唑的实例包括:5-乙基-2-巯基-1,3,4-噻二唑,二巯基-1,3,4-噻二唑;5-苯基甲基-2-巯基-1,3,4-噻二唑;5-氨基甲基-2-巯基-1,3,4-噻二唑;2-磺酰胺-1,3,4-噻二唑-2-硫醇;5-(丙硫基)-2-巯基-1,3,4-噻二唑;2-巯基-1,3,4-噻二唑;5,5-硫代双(1,3,4-噻二唑-2-硫醇);5-苯基2-巯基-1,3,4-噻二唑;5-氨基-1,3,4噻二唑-2-硫醇。
在某些实施方式中,彼此反应的多环氧化物和硫官能的唑的相对量对于每当量环氧基来说,存在0.01-0.25摩尔的硫醇。
在某些实施方式中,除了上述反应物,用于制备含磷的酸酸化的环氧树脂的反应物可进一步包含具有两个与环氧基团的官能团的化合物,例如,二醇、二酚(包括双酚A)、二羧酸、二硫醇和/或二胺等等。
用于本文描述的含磷的酸酸化的环氧树脂的合适的方法通过实施例展示。在一些情况下,硫官能的唑首先与多环氧化物反应,所得反应产物与含磷的酸反应。这样的反应通常在实施例中所述的有机溶剂中进行。
在本发明的某些实施方式中,含磷的酸酸化的环氧树脂在包含水的连续的介质主要或主体中的含磷的酸酸化的环氧树脂的水性分散体的形式存在。例如,在某些实施方式中,连续的相为至少80重量%水,基于连续的介质的总重量。在某些实施方式中,存在于水性分散体中的有机溶剂的量为少于20重量%,例如少于10重量%,或在一些情况下少于5重量%,或在再其它情况下少于2重量%,其中所述重量%基于连续相的总重量。
为了使含磷的酸酸化的环氧树脂分散于基于水的连续的介质中,将其用碱中和。合适的碱包括有机或无机碱。合适的碱的示例实例有氨、单烷基胺、二烷基胺、或三烷基胺,例如乙胺、丙胺、二甲基胺、二丁基胺和环己胺;单烷醇胺,二烷醇胺或三烷醇胺,例如乙醇胺、二乙醇胺、三乙醇胺、丙醇胺、异丙醇胺、二异丙醇胺、二甲基乙醇胺和二乙基乙醇胺;吗啉,例如N-甲基吗啉或N-乙基吗啉。中和的百分比例如使树脂能水分散并进行电泳。典型地,树脂至少部分地中和20-200%,40-150%,例如60-120%中和。
因此,本发明的某些实施方式涉及水性树脂质分散体,其包含碱中和的树脂质组合物,其中所述树脂质组合物包含未凝胶的含磷的酸酸化的环氧树脂,该树脂包含包含以下的反应物的反应产物:(a)多环氧化物;(b)硫官能的唑;和(c)含磷的酸。
如前所述,在本发明的涂层/密封剂体系中,涂层包含含有以下的反应物的固化的反应产物:含磷的酸酸化的环氧树脂(例如任何上述的那些);和(ii)固化剂。因此,上述水性树脂质分散体的某些实施方式进一步包含固化剂。
合适的固化剂包括,但不必限定于,氨基塑料树脂和苯酚塑料树脂。合适的氨基塑料树脂是醛(例如甲醛、乙醛、巴豆醛、和苯甲醛)和含有氨基或酰氨基的材料(例如脲、三聚氰胺、和苯并胍胺)的缩合产物。经常使用由醇类和甲醛与三聚氰胺、脲和苯并胍胺的反应获得的产物。
示例的但非限制性的可用氨基塑料树脂的实例是可以以商标CYMEL购自CytecIndustries和以商标RESIMENE购自Solutia Inc的那些。具体实例是CYMEL1130和1156,以及RESIMENE750和753。
(a)含磷的酸酸化的环氧树脂和(b)固化剂的相对量为50-90重量%,例如60-75重量%含磷的酸酸化的环氧树脂,以及10-50重量%,例如25-40重量%固化剂,基于(a)和(b)的固体重量。在本发明的一些实施方式中,含磷的酸酸化的环氧树脂以至少40重量%,至少50重量%,例如至少60重量%的量存在,基于形成涂层的液体组合物的总树脂固体重量计。
在制备最终涂料组合物中,上述成分可以在水中以任何常规方式掺混。还可以采用典型的涂层添加剂,例如颜料、填料、腐蚀抑制剂、抗氧化剂、流动控制剂、表面活性剂等。
合适的腐蚀抑制剂是苯并三唑、5-甲基苯并三唑、和2–氨基噻唑。其它合适的腐蚀抑制剂包括,但不限于,磷酸锌,例如正磷酸锌,偏硼酸锌,偏硼酸钡一水合物,钙离子交换的二氧化硅,胶体二氧化硅,合成非晶二氧化硅,和钼酸盐,例如钼酸铬、钼酸锌、钼酸钡、钼酸锶,和它们的混合物。合适的钙离子交换的二氧化硅可作为AC3和/或C303购自W.R.Grace&Co.。合适的非晶二氧化硅以商品名购自W.R.Grace&Co.。合适的磷酸锌可作为HEUCOPHOS ZP-10购自Heubach。
含铬腐蚀抑制剂也是合适的。此类腐蚀抑制剂的实例是铬酸钙、铬酸镁、铬酸锶和/或铬酸钡。
在某些实施方式中,腐蚀抑制剂,如存在,在水性分散体中的量为低至0.001%,例如0.001-10重量%,基于水性分散体的总重量。组合物通常的固体含量为5-25%,例如5-15%。
在某些实施方式中,涂层通过阴离子电沉积方法沉积在基材上。在这样的方法中,导电基材(例如任何前述的那些),在包含阳极和阴极的电路中用作阳极,被浸渍在上述类型的包含碱中和的树脂质组合物的水性树脂质分散体中。使电流通过阳极和阴极之间以使树脂质组合物沉积到阳极上。
电沉积浴通常具有的操作浴导电率为200-3000毫欧/厘米,例如500-1500毫欧/厘米。被涂覆的基材在浴中的停留时间通常为30-120秒。
电涂后,将基材取出,并在炉子中在足以完成固化的温度和时间烘烤。通常,涂覆的基材在225°F或更低,例如200°F或更低的温度下烘烤20-60分钟。在一些情况下,基材在180°F固化20分钟以产生硬的、耐溶剂的和非粘性的膜。如需要,经电涂覆的基材可以在更高的温度比如350°F下烘烤。
如前所述,本发明的涂层/密封剂体系包含沉积在所述涂层的至少一部分上的密封剂。在本发明的这些实施方式中,密封剂由包含含硫聚合物的组合物沉积。本文使用的术语“含硫聚合物”是指至少一个硫原子的任何聚合物。
在某些实施方式中,含硫聚合物包含聚硫化物。实际上,已经令人惊奇地发现,由包含聚硫化物的组合物形成的密封剂可以极其良好地粘合到某些涂层上,所述涂层由包含碱中和的树脂质组合物的水性树脂质分散体形成,其中所述树脂质组合物包含未凝胶的含磷的酸酸化的环氧树脂,该树脂包含含有以下的反应物的反应产物:(a)多环氧化物;(b)硫官能的唑;和(c)含磷的酸,如上所述。
本文使用的术语“聚硫化物”是指这样的聚合物,其在聚合物骨架和/或在聚合物链的端位或侧位含有一个或多个二硫化物连接基,即-[S-S]-连接基。通常,该聚硫化物聚合物具有两个或更多个硫-硫连接基。合适的聚硫化物可以名称THIO PLAST购自AkzoNobel。THIO PLAST的分子量可以在宽范围,例如,从少于1100-超过8000,该分子量是以克/摩计的平均分子量。在一些情况下,聚硫化物的数均分子量为1,000-4,000。这些产品的交联密度也可以是变化的,这取决于所使用的交联剂的量。这些产品的“-SH”含量,即硫醇含量,也可以变化。聚硫化物的硫醇含量和分子量会影响聚合物的固化速度,其中固化速度随分子量提高。
在本发明的一些实施方式中,除了或代替前述聚硫化物,密封剂由包含含有以下聚合物混合物的组合物沉积:(a)90摩尔%-25摩尔%的式HS(RSS)mR’SH的硫醇封端的二硫化物聚合物;和(b)10摩尔%-75摩尔%的二乙醇缩甲醛硫醇封端的聚硫化物聚合物式的HS(RSS)nRSH,其中R是-C2H4-O-CH2-O-C2H4-;R’是二价成员,其选自:2-12个碳原子的烷基,4-20个碳原子的烷基硫醚,4-20个碳原子的烷基醚和一个氧原子,4-20个碳原子和2-4个氧原子且每个氧原子被至少2个碳原子与其它氧原子分开的烷基醚,6-12个碳原子的脂环族基团,和芳族低级烷基;m和n的值使得该二乙醇缩甲醛硫醇封端的聚硫化物聚合物和硫醇封端的二硫化物聚合物的平均分子量为1,000-4,000,例如1,000-2,500。这样的聚合物混合物描述于美国专利No.4,623,711第4栏第18行-第8栏第35行,其引用的部分在此通过引用纳入。在一些情况下,上式中的R’为-CH2-CH2-;-C2H4-O-C2H4-;-C2H4-S-C2H4-;-C2H4-O-C2H4-O-C2H4-;或-CH2-C6H4-CH2-。
除了或代替聚硫化物,该含硫聚合物可包含聚硫醚。本文使用的术语“聚硫醚”是指在聚合物骨架和/或聚合物链的端位或侧位上包含至少一个硫醚连接基即-[-C-S-C-]-的聚合物。通常,聚硫醚具有8-200个这些连接基。适用于本发明的聚硫醚包括,例如,包括具有结构式(IV)的那些:
-R1-[-S-(CH2)2-O-[-R2-O-]m-(CH2)2-S-R1]n- (IV)
其中:(1)R1表示C2-6正亚烷基,C3-6支化亚烷基,C6-8环亚烷基或C6-10烷基环亚烷基基团,-[(-CH2-)p-X-]q-(-CH2-)r-,或其中至少一个-CH2-单元被甲基取代的-[(-CH2-)p-X-]q-(-CH2-)r-;(2)R2表示C2-6正亚烷基,C2-6支化亚烷基,C6-8环亚烷基或C6-10烷基环亚烷基基团,或-[(-CH2-)p-X-]q-(-CH2-)r-,X表示选自O、S和-NR6-的基团,R6表示H或甲基;(3)m是0-10的有理数;(4)n是1-60的整数;(5)p是2-6的整数;(6)q是1-5的整数,和(7)r是2-10的整数。这样的聚硫醚描述于美国专利No.6,172,179第2栏第29行-第4栏第34行,其引用的部分在此通过引用纳入。合适的聚硫醚的实例以商标PERMAPOL购自PRC-DesotoInternational,Inc.,例如PERMAPOL P-3.1e或PERMAPOL P-3。
在本发明的某些实施方式中,密封剂由包含聚合物共混物的组合物沉积,该聚合物共混物包含:(a)如上所述的聚硫化物;(b)包括具有式(III)的结构式的聚硫醚;(c)上述类型的聚合物混合物,例如由聚硫化物,有机二硫醇,例如二巯基二乙基硫化物,胺的反应获得的。在一些实施方式中,所述聚合物共混物中(a)和(b)的重量比为10:90-90:10,例如50:50。此类聚合物共混物描述于美国专利No.7,524,564第1栏第51行-第2栏第67行,其引用的部分在此通过引用纳入。
在某些实施方式中,含硫聚合物,或其共混物,存在于形成密封剂的组合物中的量为至少30重量%,例如至少40重量%,或在一些情况下至少45重量%,基于组合物中非挥发性组分的总重量。在某些实施方式中,含硫聚合物,或其共混物,存在于形成密封剂的组合物中的量不超过90重量%,例如不超过80重量%,或在一些情况下不超过75重量%,基于组合物中所有非挥发性组分的总重量。
在某些实施方式中,形成密封剂的组合物还包含固化剂。可用于本发明的某些组合物(特别是在使用硫醇官能的含硫聚合物的情况下)的固化剂包括环氧树脂,例如,乙内酰脲二环氧化物,双酚-A的二缩水甘油基醚,双酚-F的二缩水甘油基醚,酚醛清漆型环氧化物,和任何环氧化的不饱和酚类树脂,以及不饱和化合物,例如市售多元醇的丙烯酸酯和甲基丙烯酸酯,不饱和的合成或天然存在的树脂化合物,三烯丙基氰尿酸酯,和本发明聚硫醚的烯烃封端的衍射物。
此外,在使用硫醇官能的含硫聚合物的情况下,有用的固化可以通过使用本领域技术人员已知的有机和无机过氧化物(例如MnO2)进行硫醇基团的氧化耦合来获得。
可用于沉积密封剂的组合物的某些实施方式中的填料包括本领域常用的那些,包括常规无机填料,例如炭黑和碳酸钙(CaCO3),以及轻量填料。合适的轻量填料包括,例如,描述于美国专利No.6,525,168第4栏第23-55行中的那些,其引用的部分在此通过引用纳入。在某些实施方式中,组合物包含5-60重量%的填料或填料的组合,例如10-50重量%,基于组合物的总重量。
除了前述成分,密封剂组合物可以任选包括一个或多个如下组分:着色剂、触变剂、加速剂、阻滞剂、粘合力促进剂、溶剂和掩蔽剂等其它组分。
触变剂,例如二氧化硅,通常以0.1-5重量%的量使用,基于组合物的总重量计。
本领域已知的固化催化剂,例如胺,通常以0.1-5重量%的量存在,基于组合物的总重量。可用催化剂的具体实例是,但不限于,1,4-二偶氮-双环[2.2.2]辛烷(可购自Air Products,Chemical添加剂Division,Allentown,PA)和(一种加速剂组合物,包括2,4,6-三(二甲基氨基甲基)苯酚,可购自Rohm and Haas,Philadelphia,PA)。
阻燃剂例如硬脂酸同样经常的用量是0.1-5重量%,基于组合物总重量。粘合促进剂在使用时,经常的存在量是0.1-15重量%,基于组合物总重量。合适的粘合促进剂包括酚类,例如获自Occidental Chemicals的甲基ON酚树脂,和有机硅烷,例如环氧、巯基或者氨基官能化硅烷,例如获自Momentive Performance Materials的Silquest A-187和Silquest A-1100。掩蔽剂例如松香或者其他香味剂(其用于覆盖组合物的任何低水平的气味)经常的存在量是0.1-1重量%,基于组合物的总重量。
在某些实施方案中,密封剂组合物包含增塑剂,其在至少一些情况中可以允许组合物包括含硫聚合物,该聚合物的Tg高于航空航天密封剂中通常所用的。即,使用增塑剂可以有效降低组合物的Tg,并因此将固化的能聚合组合物的低温柔性提高到超过基于单独的含硫聚合物的Tg所预测的柔性。在本发明的组合物的某些实施方案中有用的增塑剂包括例如邻苯二甲酸酯、氯化石蜡和氢化三联苯。增塑剂或者增塑剂的组合经常占组合物的1-40重量%,例如1-10重量%。在某些实施方案中,取决于组合物中所用的增塑剂的性质和量,可以使用本发明的硫醚,其Tg值到至多-50℃,例如到至多-55℃。
在某些实施方案中,组合物可以进一步包含一种或多种有机溶剂例如异丙醇,其量是例如组合物总重量的0-15重量%,例如小于15重量%和在一些情况中小于10重量%。
本发明的涂层/密封剂体系可以在至少一些情况下表现出优异的层间粘合力以及对基材的粘合力。在本发明的一些实施方式中,本发明的涂层/密封剂体系表现出的平均剥离强度为至少150N/25mm,例如至少200N/25mm,并且当根据AS5127/1B如本文实施例中所述测量时,%内聚力为至少50%,例如至少90%,或在一些情况下100%。
要求保护的本发明的这些和其它方面进一步通过如下非限制性实施例来说明。
实施例
实施例1:制备水性树脂质分散体
12升圆底4颈烧瓶配有带轴承的搅拌器,水冷冷凝器,具有氮气入口适配器的热耦合探针和电加热套。向该烧瓶加入2949.8克(7.845摩)双酚A二缩水甘油基醚(当量重量188),948.8克(4.162摩)双酚A,418.9克2-正丁氧基乙醇,和335.3克2-乙基己醇。在氮气包围下,将该烧瓶搅拌加热至115℃。在115℃,加入2.9克乙基三苯基碘化鏻(购自Sigma-Aldrich)。将该烧瓶加热直到开始放热,并将反应混合物保持在165℃或以上60分钟。向反应混合物加入383.3克Ektasolve EEH(购自Eastman Chemical Company)和83.6克2-乙基己醇并将其冷却到90℃。在90℃,加入67.9克(0.430摩)苯基膦酸、115.6克(1.003摩)85%正磷酸和24.7克Ektasolve EEH的混合物。放热后,将反应混合物保持在120℃30分钟,然后将其冷却至100℃。在100℃,在约1小时内加入257.6克去离子水,将反应混合物保持在100℃再2小时。这时,将它冷却至90℃,加入324.2克(2.437摩)二异丙醇胺和1487.2克Cymel1130(购自Cytec Industries,Inc.)。将混合物保持在90℃30分钟。将7000克该物质搅拌加入5511.4克去离子水,然后添加1317.0克更多的去离子水。向其加入366.4克2-己氧基乙醇,225.5克Optifilm400(购自Eastman Chemical Company),和5.5克Tektronic150R1(购自BASF Corporation)。之后加入1045.5克去离子水以产生分散体,在110℃下1小时后证实存在39.4%固体。
实施例2:制备水性树脂质分散体
3升圆底4颈烧瓶配有带轴承的搅拌器,水冷冷凝器,具有氮气入口适配器的热耦合探针和电加热套。向该烧瓶加入705克(3.75摩)双酚A二缩水甘油基醚(当量重量188),222.6克(1.952摩)双酚A,39克(0.237摩)巯基甲基苯并咪唑(购自Sigma-Aldrich),和180.3克2-正丁氧基乙醇。在氮气包围下,将该烧瓶搅拌加热至115℃。在115℃,加入0.7克乙基三苯基碘化鏻(购自Sigma-Aldrich)。将该烧瓶加热直到开始放热,并将反应混合物保持在165℃或以上60分钟。向反应混合物加入112克2-正丁氧基乙醇并将其冷却到90℃。在90℃,加入27.6克85%正磷酸。放热后,将反应混合物保持在120℃30分钟,然后将其冷却至100℃。在100℃,在约1小时内加入61.6克去离子水,将反应混合物保持在100℃再2小时。这时,将它冷却至90℃,加入63.8克二异丙醇胺,330.5克Cymel1130(购自Cytec Industries,Inc.)和40.1克巯基甲基苯并咪唑。将混合物保持在90℃30分钟。将1650克该物质搅拌加入1350克去离子水,然后添加315.8克去离子水,然后最后添加390.1克去离子水。最终分散体在110℃下1小时后证实具有30.3%固体。
实施例3:制备水性树脂质分散体
3升圆底4颈烧瓶配有带轴承的搅拌器,水冷冷凝器,具有氮气入口适配器的热耦合探针和电加热套。向该烧瓶加入450克(2.39摩)双酚A二缩水甘油基醚(当量重量188),142.1克(1.25摩)双酚A,15.9克(0.135摩)苯基-1H-四唑5-硫醇(购自Sigma-Aldrich)和115.1克2-正丁氧基乙醇。在氮气包围下,将该烧瓶搅拌加热至115℃。在115℃,加入0.5克乙基三苯基碘化鏻(购自Sigma-Aldrich)。将该烧瓶加热直到开始放热,并将反应混合物保持在165℃或以上60分钟。向反应混合物加入71.2克2-正丁氧基乙醇并将其冷却到90℃。在90℃,加入17.6克85%正磷酸。放热后,将反应混合物保持在120℃30分钟,然后将其冷却至100℃。在100℃,在约1小时内加入39.3克去离子水,将反应混合物保持在100℃再2小时。这时,将它冷却至90℃,加入40.7克二异丙醇胺,211.0克Cymel1130(购自Cytec Industries,Inc.)和26.1克苯基-1H-四唑-5-硫醇。将混合物保持在90℃30分钟。将1000克该物质搅拌加入814克去离子水,将分散体搅拌1小时,然后添加190.9克去离子水,然后最后添加235.9克去离子水。最终分散体在110℃下1小时后证实具有36.1%固体。
实施例4:制备水性树脂质分散体
3升圆底4颈烧瓶配有带轴承的搅拌器,水冷冷凝器,具有氮气入口适配器的热耦合探针和电加热套。向该烧瓶加入727.9份(3.87摩)双酚A二缩水甘油基醚(当量重量188),229.8克(2.02摩)双酚A和186.1克2-正丁氧基乙醇。在氮气包围下,将该烧瓶搅拌加热至115℃。在115℃,加入0.7克乙基三苯基碘化鏻(购自Sigma-Aldrich)。将该烧瓶加热直到开始放热,并将反应混合物保持在165℃或以上60分钟。向反应混合物加入115.2克2-正丁氧基乙醇,并将其冷却到90℃。在90℃,加入42.2克2-巯基苯并噻唑,并将反应保持30分钟。向反应混合物加入28.5克85%正磷酸。放热后,将反应混合物保持在120℃60分钟,然后将其冷却至100℃。在100℃,在约1小时内加入63.6克去离子水,将反应混合物保持在100℃再2小时。这时,将它冷却至90℃,加入65.8克二异丙醇胺和341.3克Cymel1130(购自CytecIndustries,Inc.)。将混合物保持在90℃30分钟。将1600克该物质搅拌加入1267.4克去离子水水,将分散体搅拌1小时,然后添加301.8克去离子水,然后最后添加372.8克去离子水。最终分散体在110℃下1小时后证实具有34.0%固体。
实施例5-8:制备涂料组合物
用表1中列出的成分和量(重量份)制备涂料组合物。最终组合物的pH和导电率也示于表1。
表1
成分 | 实施例5 | 实施例6 | 实施例7 | 实施例8 |
实施例1的分散体 | 1632.7 | -- | -- | -- |
实施例2的分散体 | -- | 1294.1 | -- | -- |
实施例3的分散体 | -- | -- | 1565.8 | -- |
实施例4的分散体 | -- | -- | -- | 1120.1 |
颜料糊料1 | 331.1 | 217.8 | 306.8 | 217.8 |
去离子水 | 1836.2 | 988.1 | 1727.5 | 1162.1 |
pH2 | 8.61 | 8.81 | 8.45 | 8.65 |
导电率(Ω-1)3 | 867 | 710 | 927 | 964 |
1灰色颜料糊料,ACPP-1120,购自PPG Industries,Inc.,51.4%固体。
2用ACCUMET pH计测量,可购自Fisher Scientific
3用导电率计测量,可购自YSI,Inc
在各种情况中,将分散体加入一加仑容器中。在搅拌下将颜料糊料与去离子水一起加入分散体。最终浴的固体为约20%,且燃料与数值之比为0.2:1.0。将总浴的50%通过超滤去除并用去离子水替换。
测试基材
铝2024-T3裸板通过在130°F浸泡在RIDOLINE298(一种碱性清洗剂,购自HenkelCorporation)的溶液中两分钟来清洁。碱洗后,在环境条件下将板浸泡在自来水中漂洗1分钟。然后在环境条件下将板浸泡在溶液(DEOXIDIZER6/16,一种酸性脱氧剂,购自HenkelCorporation)中2分30秒。酸脱氧后,在环境条件下将板浸泡在自来水中1分钟,然后用去离子水进行最终喷洗。将板风干备用。
实施例5、6、7和8的涂料组合物沉积到清洁和脱氧的23/4”乘6”板上。这通过将实施例5和6的涂料组合物加热至75°F(24℃)和将实施例7和8的涂料组合物加热至90°F(32℃)来进行。将各板在搅拌下浸泡到涂料组合物浴中并在200°F(93℃)施加85-275伏90秒来热固化30分钟从而达到约0.8密耳的膜厚度。
密封剂粘合度用PR-1776M B-2密封剂(可购自PRC-DeSoto International,Inc)评价。根据AS5127/1B准备板,但具有如下调整:使用铝箔片代替金属丝网或增强纤维。箔片厚0.005”,宽1”,长12”。箔片准备包括用Grey SCOTCH BRITE垫子(TM)打磨,根据AS5127/1B用溶剂进行溶剂清洁,和根据生产商的说明来施涂PR-148粘合度促进剂(可购自PRC-DeSoto International,Inc.)。将板在75°F和50%相对湿度下固化14天并根据AS5127/1B剥离强度。
结果示于表2。
表2
1剥离强度是对将箔片从基材剥离所需的力的量度
2%粘合度是指箔片从基材剥离后保持粘合有密封剂的基材表面积的比例(结果以四次读数的平均值来记录)。
实施例9:制备水性树脂质分散体
12升圆底4颈烧瓶配有带轴承的搅拌器,水冷冷凝器,具有氮气入口适配器的热耦合探针和电加热套。向该烧瓶加入2337.4克(6.216摩)双酚A二缩水甘油基醚(当量重量188),751.9克(3.298摩)双酚A,332.0克2-正丁氧基乙醇,和265.7克2-乙基己醇。在氮气包围下,将该烧瓶搅拌加热至115℃。在115℃,加入2.3克乙基三苯基碘化鏻(购自Sigma-Aldrich)。将该烧瓶加热直到开始放热,并将反应混合物保持在165℃或以上60分钟。向反应混合物加入303.8克Ektasolve EEH(购自Eastman Chemical Company)和66.2克2-乙基己醇并将其冷却到90℃。在90℃,加入53.8克(0.340摩)苯基膦酸、91.6克(0.794摩)85%正磷酸和19.6克Ektasolve EEH的混合物。放热后,将反应混合物保持在120℃30分钟,然后将其冷却至100℃。在100℃,在约1小时内加入204.1克去离子水,将反应混合物保持在100℃再2小时。这时,将它冷却至90℃,加入256.9克(1.932摩)二异丙醇胺,1178.5克Cymel1130(购自Cytec Industries,Inc.),和136.1克(1.144摩)2-巯基苯并噻唑。将混合物保持在90℃30分钟。将5600克该物质搅拌加入4484.5克去离子水,然后添加1061.5克更多的去离子水。向其加入295.4克2-己氧基乙醇,181.8克Optifilm400(购自Eastman ChemicalCompany),和4.4克Tektronic150R1(购自the BASF Corporation)。接着,加入842.7克去离子水以产生分散体,证实在110℃下1小时后该分散体中存在38.6%固体。
实施例10:制备水性树脂质分散体
12升圆底4颈烧瓶配有带轴承的搅拌器,水冷冷凝器,具有氮气入口适配器的热耦合探针和电加热套。向该烧瓶加入2102.9克(5.593摩)双酚A二缩水甘油基醚(当量重量188),663.9克(2.912摩)双酚A,118.3克(0.707摩)2-巯基苯并噻唑,和537.7克2-正丁氧基乙醇。在氮气包围下,将该烧瓶搅拌加热至115℃。在115℃,2.1克乙基三苯基碘化鏻(购自Sigma-Aldrich)加入。将该烧瓶加热直到开始放热,并将反应混合物保持在165℃或以上60分钟。向反应混合物加入332.9克2-正丁氧基乙醇并将其冷却到90℃。在90℃,82.4克(0.715摩)85%正磷酸加入。放热后,将反应混合物保持在120℃30分钟,然后将其冷却至100℃。在100℃,在约1小时内加入183.7克去离子水,将反应混合物保持在100℃再2小时。这时,将它冷却至90℃,加入190.2克(1.430摩)二异丙醇胺和985.9克Cymel1130(购自CytecIndustries,Inc.)。将混合物保持在90℃30分钟。将4800克该物质搅拌加入3926.5克去离子水,然后添加918.6克去离子水,然后最后添加1134.7克去离子水。最终分散体在110℃下1小时后证实具有37.1%固体。
实施例11:制备水性树脂质分散体
3000ml圆底4颈烧瓶配有带轴承的搅拌器,水冷冷凝器,具有氮气入口适配器的热耦合探针和电加热套。向该烧瓶加入400.8克(1.0660摩)双酚A二缩水甘油基醚(当量重量188),128.9克(0.565摩)双酚A,和102.5克2-正丁氧基乙醇。在氮气包围下,将该烧瓶搅拌加热至115℃。在115℃,加入0.4克乙基三苯基碘化鏻(购自Sigma-Aldrich)。将该烧瓶加热直到开始放热,并将反应混合物保持在165℃或以上60分钟。向反应混合物加入66.8克2-正丁氧基乙醇并将其冷却到90℃。在90℃,加入19.1克(0.166摩)85%正磷酸。放热后,将反应混合物保持在120℃30分钟,然后将其冷却至100℃。在100℃,在约45分钟内加入35.0克去离子水,将反应混合物保持在100℃再2小时。这时,将它冷却至90℃,加入53.5克(0.402摩)二异丙醇胺,202.1克Cymel1130(购自Cytec Industries,Inc.),和90.9克实施例12的加合物。将混合物保持在90℃30分钟。将该物质900克搅拌加入708.6克去离子水,然后添加169.3克去离子水,然后最后添加209.2克去离子水。最终分散体在110℃下1小时后证实具有38.7%固体。
实施例12:制备加合物
1升圆底4颈烧瓶配有带轴承的搅拌器,水冷冷凝器,具有氮气入口适配器的热耦合探针和电加热套。向该烧瓶依次加入40.2克巯基苯并噻唑,92.5克EPON828和192.0克甲基戊基酮。将反应加热到50℃并保持1小时。温度升高直到发生回流(116℃)。将反应保持6小时,用冷凝器和蒸馏头替换冷凝器。将加热套设定在118℃,除去挥发性组分(173g),直到达到设定温度。最终物质为86%固体,并且通过核磁共振证实了期望的产物。
实施例13-15:制备涂料组合物
用表3中列出的成分和量(重量份)制备涂料组合物。最终组合物的pH和导电率也示于表3。
表3
成分 | 实施例13 | 实施例14 | 实施例15 |
实施例9的分散体 | 1546.8 | -- | -- |
实施例10的分散体 | -- | 2212.4 | -- |
实施例11的分散体 | -- | -- | 1543.6 |
颜料糊料1 | 331.1 | 455.0 | 331.1 |
去离子水 | 1922.2 | 2555.1 | 1925.4 |
pH2 | 8.34 | 8.69 | 8.25 |
导电率(Ω-1)3 | 974 | 807 | 985 |
在各种情况中,将分散体加入一加仑容器。在搅拌下将颜料糊料与去离子水一起加入分散体。最终浴的固体为约20%,且燃料与数值之比为0.2:1.0。将总浴的50%通过超滤去除并用去离子水替换。
测试基材
铝2024-T3裸板通过在130°F浸泡在RIDOLINE298(一种碱性清洗剂购自HenkelCorporation)的溶液两分钟中来清洁。碱洗后,在环境条件下将板浸泡在自来水中漂洗1分钟。然后环境条件下将板浸泡在溶液中DEOXIDIZER6/16(一种酸性脱氧剂,购自HenkelCorporation)2分30秒。酸脱氧后,在环境条件下将板浸泡在自来水中1分钟,然后用去离子水进行最终喷洗。将板风干备用。
将实施例5、13、14和15的涂料组合物沉积到清洁和脱氧的23/4”乘6”的板上。这是通过将实施例5和13的涂料组合物加热至75°F(24℃)和实施例14和15的涂料组合物加热至90°F(32℃)来进行的。将各板在搅拌下浸泡到涂料组合物浴中并施加85-275伏90秒,在200°F(93℃)一般固化的30分钟从而达到约0.8密耳的膜厚度,除了实施例15固化60分钟。
用PR-1776M B-2密封剂(可购自PRC-DeSoto International,Inc)评价密封剂粘合度。根据AS5127/1B准备板,但具有如下调整:使用铝箔片代替金属丝网或增强纤维。箔片厚0.005”,宽1”,长12”。箔片准备包括用灰色SCOTCH BRITE垫子(TM)打磨,根据AS5127/1B用溶剂进行溶剂清洁,和根据生产商的说明来施涂PR-148粘合度促进剂(可购自PRC-DeSotoInternational,Inc.)。将板在环境温度和湿度条件下固化14天,并根据AS5127/1B测试剥离强度。
结果示于表4。
表4
1剥离强度是对将箔片从基材剥离所需的力的量度
2%粘合度是指箔片从基材剥离后保持粘合有密封剂的基材表面积的比例(结果以四次读数的平均值来记录)。
虽然为了说明的目的已如上描述了本发明的特定实施方式,但对于本领域技术人员来说明显的是,可对本发明的细节作出许多变化而不会背离后附权利要求中限定的本发明。
Claims (17)
1.涂层/密封剂体系,包含:
(a)涂层,其包含由含有以下的反应物形成的反应产物:
(i)含磷的酸酸化的环氧树脂,其包含反应物的反应产物,
所述反应物包含:
多环氧化物;
硫官能的唑,所述硫官能的唑选自巯基芳基咪唑,巯基芳基噁唑,巯基芳基噻唑和前述的任何组合;和
含磷的酸;和
(ii)固化剂;和
(b)沉积在所述涂层的至少一部分上的密封剂,其中所述密封剂由包含含硫聚合物的组合物沉积,所述含硫聚合物包括硫醇官能的聚硫化物。
2.根据权利要求1所述的体系,其中所述含磷的酸包括含有以下的混合物:
(1)磷酸;和
(2)有机膦酸和/或有机次膦酸。
3.根据权利要求2所述的体系,其中所述反应物包含对于一当量的环氧树脂0.1-0.8摩尔的磷酸以及每当量的环氧树脂0.01-0.4摩尔的膦酸和/或有机次膦酸。
4.根据权利要求1所述的体系,其中所述固化剂包括氨基塑料。
5.根据权利要求1所述的体系,其中所述含磷的酸酸化的环氧树脂以至少50重量%的量存在,基于沉积涂层的液体组合物的总树脂固体重量。
6.根据权利要求1所述的体系,其中所述巯基芳基咪唑,巯基芳基噁唑,或巯基芳基噻唑由结构式(I)或(II)表示:
其中:(i)X代表N、O或S;(ii)R代表羟基,氢,芳基,烷基,芳烷基,或卤素原子;和(iii)n是0-4的整数。
7.根据权利要求1所述的体系,其中所述硫官能的唑以对于一当量的环氧树脂0.01-0.25摩尔的硫醇的量存在。
8.根据权利要求1所述的体系,其中所述硫醇官能的聚硫化物包含含有以下的聚合物混合物:
(a)式HS(RSS)mR’SH的90摩尔%-25摩尔%的硫醇封端的二硫化物聚合物;和
(b)10摩尔%-75摩尔%的式HS(RSS)nRSH的二乙醇缩甲醛硫醇封端的聚硫化物聚合物,其中
R是-C2H4-O-CH2-O-C2H4-;
R’是二价成员,其选自:2-12个碳原子的烷基,4-20个碳原子的烷基硫醚,4-20个碳原子和一个氧原子的烷基醚,4-20个碳原子和2-4个氧原子且每个氧原子被至少2个碳原子与其它氧原子分开的烷基醚,6-12个碳原子的脂环族基团,和芳族低级烷基;和
m和n的值使得二乙醇缩甲醛硫醇封端的聚硫化物聚合物和硫醇封端的二硫化物聚合物的平均分子量为1,000-4,000。
9.水性树脂质分散体,包含碱中和的树脂质组合物,该组合物包含未凝胶的含磷的酸酸化的环氧树脂,该树脂包含由含有以下的反应物形成的反应产物:
(a)多环氧化物;
(b)硫官能的唑,其选自巯基芳基咪唑,巯基芳基噁唑,巯基芳基噻唑和前述的任何组合;和
(c)含磷的酸。
10.根据权利要求9所述的分散体,其中所述含磷的酸包括含有以下的混合物:
(1)磷酸;和
(2)有机膦酸和/或有机次膦酸。
11.根据权利要求10所述的分散体,其中所述混合物包含对于一当量的环氧树脂0.1-0.8摩尔的磷酸以及每当量的环氧树脂0.01-0.4摩尔的膦酸和/或有机次膦酸。
12.根据权利要求9所述的分散体,进一步包含包括氨基塑料的固化剂。
13.根据权利要求9所述的分散体,其中所述含磷的酸酸化的环氧树脂以至少50重量%的量存在,基于所述分散体的总树脂固体重量。
14.根据权利要求9所述的分散体,其中所述巯基芳基咪唑,巯基芳基噁唑,或巯基芳基噻唑由结构式(I)或(II)表示:
其中:(i)X代表N、O或S;(ii)R代表羟基、氢、芳基、烷基、芳烷基、或卤素原子;和(iii)n是0-4的整数。
15.根据权利要求9所述的分散体,其中所述硫官能的唑以对于一当量的环氧树脂0.01-0.25摩尔的硫醇的量存在。
16.电涂导电基材的方法,该基材用作电路中的阳极,该电路包含浸渍在水性树脂质分散体中的阳极和阴极,该方法包括使电流通过该阳极和阴极之间以使树脂质组合物沉积在该阳极上,所述分散体包含阴离子型树脂,该树脂包含由含有以下的反应物形成的反应产物:
(a)多环氧化物;
(b)硫官能的唑,其选自巯基芳基咪唑,巯基芳基噁唑,巯基芳基噻唑和前述的任何组合;和
(c)含磷的酸。
17.根据权利要求16所述的方法,其中所述基材包括铝。
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CA2846807C (en) | 2016-11-08 |
RU2014114484A (ru) | 2015-10-20 |
AU2012319096B2 (en) | 2014-12-11 |
JP2014530264A (ja) | 2014-11-17 |
EP2756043B1 (en) | 2017-04-12 |
BR112014005678B1 (pt) | 2021-04-06 |
AU2012319096A1 (en) | 2014-03-27 |
WO2013052190A2 (en) | 2013-04-11 |
CA2846807A1 (en) | 2013-04-11 |
EP2756043A2 (en) | 2014-07-23 |
JP5864757B2 (ja) | 2016-02-17 |
BR112014005678A2 (pt) | 2017-03-28 |
CN103814092A (zh) | 2014-05-21 |
WO2013052190A3 (en) | 2013-12-05 |
KR20140049590A (ko) | 2014-04-25 |
KR101705416B1 (ko) | 2017-02-09 |
RU2577371C2 (ru) | 2016-03-20 |
US9181628B2 (en) | 2015-11-10 |
ES2625871T3 (es) | 2017-07-20 |
US20130065057A1 (en) | 2013-03-14 |
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