CN103781886B - 基于全氟聚醚的润滑脂 - Google Patents

基于全氟聚醚的润滑脂 Download PDF

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CN103781886B
CN103781886B CN201280029718.2A CN201280029718A CN103781886B CN 103781886 B CN103781886 B CN 103781886B CN 201280029718 A CN201280029718 A CN 201280029718A CN 103781886 B CN103781886 B CN 103781886B
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pfpe
grease
weight
pyrogenic silica
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M.施魏格科夫勒
M.施密特-阿梅伦克森
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    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M131/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing halogen
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    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M113/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the thickening agent being an inorganic material
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    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M125/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an inorganic material
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    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
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    • C10M129/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen
    • C10M129/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
    • C10M129/26—Carboxylic acids; Salts thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
    • C10M169/02—Mixtures of base-materials and thickeners
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
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    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
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    • C10M2201/105—Silica
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M2213/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2213/06—Perfluoro polymers
    • C10M2213/062—Polytetrafluoroethylene [PTFE]
    • C10M2213/0626—Polytetrafluoroethylene [PTFE] used as thickening agents
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    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种基本上无增稠剂的润滑脂，其由全氟聚醚(PFPE)和少量的热解法二氧化硅以及常用的添加剂组成。

Description

基于全氟聚醚的润滑脂
本发明涉及一种基本上无增稠剂的润滑脂，其由全氟聚醚(PFPE)和少量的热解法二氧化硅以及常用的添加剂组成。
全氟化的聚烷基醚(PFPE)是具有良好润滑性能的聚合物，其在室温下是液态，并具有低的表面能。PFPE化合物在几乎所有的工业领域中用于润滑，例如用于电子工业、航空和航天以及半导体工业中。PFPE化合物也用于高负荷的滚珠轴承的润滑。
为增稠基于PFPE的润滑脂，曾以20-40重量%的浓度使用PTFE(聚四氟乙烯粉末)、BN(氮化硼)、石墨、MoS2、氧化陶瓷材料或有机增稠剂如尿素和皂类。也曾以上述浓度范围使用高度分散的硅胶（Aerosil）作为单一的增稠剂或部分增稠剂。这种经过增稠的基于PFPE的润脂剂通常具有过高的固含量，并且颗粒过粗，以致不能低噪声工作。
此外，PFPE润滑剂也用作特别是弹性体表面和织物表面以及皮革上的防嘠吱响剂(Antiknarzmittel)。但会发生润滑剂向所处理材料表面内的有害渗入或扩散，以致需定期的再润滑。
为利用PFPE化合物作为润滑剂的有利效果，所以本发明的目的是提供一种添加剂，该添加剂以最小的浓度实现强的增稠特性。由此可作为低噪声应用。此外，通过该所施加的润滑剂的稠度状态可减少在多孔材料上的定期再润滑。
通过将小于4重量%的热解法二氧化硅加到PFPE化合物中得到稠润滑脂。该润滑脂的NLGI渗透值为210-385，因此在NLGI分级中属0-3级。作为添加剂可使用亲水的和疏水的热解法二氧化硅，其中优选为亲水的热解法二氧化硅。
与已知的PFPE润滑脂相比，本发明的含极少量热解法二氧化硅的PFPE脂在噪声特性及其动力学特性方面均优于已知的润滑脂。还要着重指出的是这类润滑脂的透明性，其例如在黑色表面上呈现光学中性。
用本发明的PFPE润滑脂处理的表面实现了表面保护方面的明显改进，因为可以表明本发明的润滑脂是不移动的，并且不扩散进入表面。对此针对用于汽车内部的相应弹性体和织物表面进行了研究。
在PFPE润滑脂中使用小于2重量%的热解法二氧化硅的情况下，所述润滑脂是基本透明的。因此，在黑色表面上施加的薄的润滑剂膜在光学上是中性的，并与纯的PFPE无区别，但其优点是，润滑脂不渗入材料表面，见表1。
特别是在汽车领域中作为门封、门型件中的防嘠吱响剂时，这些优点是特别重要的。
表 1
本发明的PFPE润滑剂的实例配方与纯PFPE油的比较
增稠剂 1.5 % Aerosil 无
PFPE 40℃下100cst 40℃下100cst
外观 透明 透明
在EPDM材料上的性能 用刷涂覆的薄润滑剂层，7天后无变化 用刷涂覆的薄油层，7天后基本上扩散进入表面
在EPDM材料上的防嘠吱响性能，申请人做的内部试验 合格 合格
由于上述特性，本发明的润滑剂也可用于电触点、摩擦环和电闸。PFPE润滑剂由于其优异的化学稳定性提供了极好的保护效果和耐用的润滑效果。在通常的基于固体的增稠剂情况下，在这类构件中的接触电阻可能出现不允许的波动，因为电绝缘性颗粒阻碍了电流通过。随增稠剂浓度增加，这一问题愈发严重。在此，本发明的润滑剂显现两个优点：增稠剂浓度大大降低，此外该增稠剂具有小于1 μm的非常小的平均粒度。由此确保基本上不受阻碍的电流通过，见表2。
表 2
本发明的润滑剂在电触点应用中的特性与PTFE增稠的润滑剂的比较
增稠剂 2.8 % Aerosil 21 % PTFE
PFPE 40℃下100cst 40℃下100cst
在电开关触点中的性能(内部试验) 无波动性接触电阻 经100次电开关后，出现波动性接点电阻
滚柱轴承中的快速模式特性在SKF-ROF试验运行中得到证实，见表3。
表 3
本发明的润滑剂在滚柱轴承应用中的特性及与PTFE增稠的润滑剂的比较
增稠剂 3 % Aerosil 24 % PTFE
PFPE 40℃时300 cst 40℃时300 cst
外观 半透明 白色
稠度 NLGI 2 NLGI 2
速度因子 (ROF) 670000 (良好) 330000 (差)
200℃下滚柱轴承中的运行时间 ＞500小时 ＞500小时
噪声测量仪 FAG MGG11 I (噪声低) IV (差)
本发明的润滑脂含90-99.45重量%的全氟聚醚(PFPE)和0.5-5重量%的热解法二氧化硅。该全氟聚醚是式(I)的化学化合物：
R1-(O-CF2)v-(O-C2F4)w-(O-C3F6)x-(O-CFCF3)y-(O-CF2CF(CF3))z-O-R2 (I)
其中，R1和R2相同或不同，选自-CF3、-C2F5或-C3F7，v, w, x, y, z是≥0-500的整数。
该热解法二氧化硅优选是亲水的二氧化硅。
此外，本发明的润滑脂还可含0.05-5重量%的防腐蚀剂。
在该润滑脂中存在的防腐蚀剂选自官能化的PFPE衍生物，优选是羧酸或其金属盐以及PFPE乙氧基化物。
根据本发明的润滑脂的应用是在汽车领域中用作防嘠吱响剂。其还用于办公室领域和电子领域中的润滑，特别是用于监视器/电视支架或翻盖式手机的塑料铰链中的润滑。

Claims (7)

1.润滑脂，其由下列成分组成：
90-99.45重量%的全氟聚醚(PFPE)，
0.5-5重量%的热解法二氧化硅，和
0.05-5重量%的选自防腐蚀剂的添加剂，其中所述防腐蚀剂选自官能化的PFPE衍生物。
2.权利要求1的润滑脂，其中所述官能化的PFPE衍生物是羧酸或其金属盐以及PFPE乙氧基化物。
3.权利要求1或2的润滑脂，其中所述全氟聚醚是式(I)的化学化合物：
R1-(O-CF2)v-(O-C2F4)w-(O-C3F6)x-(O-CFCF3)y-(O-CF2CF(CF3))z-O-R2 (I)
其中，R1和R2相同或不同，选自-CF3、-C2F5或-C3F7，v, w, x, y, z是≥0-500的整数。
4.权利要求1或2的润滑脂，其中所述热解法二氧化硅是亲水的二氧化硅。
5.上述权利要求1-4之一的润滑脂在汽车领域中作为防嘎吱响剂的应用。
6.上述权利要求1-4之一的润滑脂在办公室领域和电子领域中用于润滑的应用。
7.权利要求6的应用，其中所述的办公室领域和电子领域是指监视器/电视支架或翻盖式手机的塑料铰链。
CN201280029718.2A 2011-06-17 2012-05-25 基于全氟聚醚的润滑脂 Expired - Fee Related CN103781886B (zh)

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DE102011104507A1 (de) 2012-12-20
US20140155306A1 (en) 2014-06-05
CN103781886A (zh) 2014-05-07
BR112013032455A2 (pt) 2017-01-31
KR20140018369A (ko) 2014-02-12

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