CN103780128B

CN103780128B - A kind of wind-force friction nanometer power generator

Info

Publication number: CN103780128B
Application number: CN201310131027.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王中林; 朱光; 林宗宏
Original assignee: Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems
Current assignee: Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems
Priority date: 2013-04-16
Filing date: 2013-04-16
Publication date: 2016-04-06
Anticipated expiration: 2033-04-16
Also published as: CN103780128A; WO2014169724A1

Abstract

The invention provides a kind of wind-force friction nanometer power generator, comprise first component and the second component that elastic bending deformation can occur, described first component comprises the first conducting element, and, first frictional layer of directly fitting with described first conducting element upper surface; Described second component comprises the second frictional layer, and second conducting element of directly fitting with described second frictional layer upper surface; Described first component and second component at least one end are relative fixing, and described first frictional layer and the second frictional layer face-to-face; The upper surface of described first frictional layer is formed with the lower surface of described second frictional layer and contacts-separating cycle at least partly under the action of the forces of the wind, and exports the signal of telecommunication by described first conducting element and the second conducting element to external circuit.When periodic tangential external force is applied to sliding friction nano generator of the present invention, pulse signal can be formed export between the first conducting element and the second conducting element.

Description

A kind of wind-force friction nanometer power generator

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of wind-driven generator, particularly utilize wind drive contact friction to carry out the nano generator generated electricity.

Background technology

Along with the rapid rise of technology of Internet of things, the novel microelectronic device with several functions and Highgrade integration is constantly developed in a large number, and shows unprecedented application prospect in the every field of people's daily life.But, and the research of power-supply system that these microelectronic devices mate but relatively lags behind, in general, the power supply of these microelectronic devices is all directly or indirectly come from battery.Not only volume is comparatively large for battery, heavier mass, and the poisonous chemical confrontation environment contained and human body exist potential harm.Therefore, developing can be that the technology of electric energy is extremely important by the changes mechanical energy that motion, vibration etc. exist naturally.

Wind energy, as the huge green clean energy resource of a kind of potential, is subject to people's attention from ancient times to the present always.Solve by utilizing efficiently and storing wind energy the energy scarcity problem faced at present, become a common recognition of whole world people.Wherein, wind power generation is a main and important Wind Power Utilization approach.But current wind power generation is all the kinetic energy driving the rotation of windmill to keep watch by wind becomes mechanical energy, then be electric energy by generator changes mechanical energy.And in order to stable electric generation, also must add the speed-changing gear box that is brought up to windmill rotating speed generator rated speed, and a speed adjusting gear makes rotating speed keep stable.Visible, the structure of whole wind-driven generator is very complicated, needs much large-scale assembly, cannot meet the power reguirements of microelectronic device at all.

Summary of the invention

In order to overcome the problems referred to above of the prior art, the invention provides a kind of wind-force nano generator based on contact friction generating, utilizing the kinetic energy of wind and the variability of kinetic energy to drive two frictional layers to come in contact and be separated, and then the generation signal of telecommunication outwards exports.

For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of wind-force friction nanometer power generator, comprise first component and the second component that elastic bending deformation can occur, it is characterized in that:

Described first component comprises the first conducting element, and first frictional layer of directly fitting with described first conducting element upper surface;

Described second component comprises the second frictional layer, and second conducting element of directly fitting with described second frictional layer upper surface;

Described first component and second component at least one end are relative fixing, and described first frictional layer and the second frictional layer face-to-face;

The upper surface of described first frictional layer is formed with the lower surface of described second frictional layer and contacts-separating cycle at least partly under the action of the forces of the wind, and exports the signal of telecommunication by described first conducting element and the second conducting element to external circuit;

Preferably, friction electrode sequence difference is had between the top surface of described first frictional layer and the lower surface material of described second frictional layer;

Preferably, one end of described second component is fixed on first component, and the other end is free end;

Preferably, the two ends of described second component are fixed on first component and make described second frictional layer form a curved surface, and form gap between the upper surface of described first frictional layer and the lower surface of described second frictional layer at least partly;

Preferably, also comprise a baffle plate, described baffle plate and the face-to-face interval of described second component are placed, and make described second component between described baffle plate and described first component;

Preferably, described baffle plate is parallel with described first component;

Preferably, described baffle plate is having stereochemical structure or is setting up accessory on the surface of second component;

Preferably, described second component is flexible, and Young's modulus is between 10MPa to 10GPa;

Preferably, described first frictional layer and/or the second frictional layer are insulating material or semi-conducting material;

Preferably, described insulating material is selected from polytetrafluoroethylene, dimethyl silicone polymer, polyimides, poly-diphenyl propane carbonic ester, PETG, aniline-formaldehyde resin, polyformaldehyde, ethyl cellulose, polyamide, melamino-formaldehyde, polyethylene glycol succinate, cellulose, cellulose ethanoate, polyethylene glycol adipate, polydiallyl phthalate, regenerated fiber sponge, polyurethane elastomer, styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer copolymer, styrene-butadiene-copolymer, staple fibre, polymethacrylates, polyvinyl alcohol, polyester, polyisobutene, polyurethane flexible sponge, PETG, polyvinyl butyral resin, phenolic resins, neoprene, butadiene-propylene copolymer, natural rubber, polyacrylonitrile, poly-(vinylidene chloride-co-acrylonitrile), polyethylene third diphenol carbonate, polystyrene, polymethyl methacrylate, Merlon, polymeric liquid crystal copolymer, polychlorobutadiene, polyacrylonitrile, poly-biphenol carbonic ester, CPPG, polytrifluorochloroethylene, polyvinylidene chloride, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride and Parylene, described semi-conducting material is selected from silicon, germanium, the IIIth and the Vth compounds of group, the IIth and the VIth compounds of group, oxide, the solid solution be made up of III-V compounds of group and II-VI compounds of group, amorphous glass semiconductor and organic semiconductor,

Preferably, described insulating material is selected from polystyrene, polyethylene, polypropylene, poly-diphenyl propane carbonic ester, PETG, polyimides, polyvinyl chloride, dimethyl silicone polymer, polytrifluorochloroethylene, polytetrafluoroethylene and Parylene; Described IIIth and the Vth compounds of group is selected from GaAs and gallium phosphide; Described IIth and the VIth compounds of group is selected from cadmium sulfide and zinc sulphide; Described oxide is selected from the oxide of manganese, chromium, iron or copper; The described solid solution be made up of III-V compounds of group and II-VI compounds of group is selected from gallium aluminum arsenide and gallium arsenic phosphide;

Preferably, described first frictional layer and/or the second frictional layer are non-conducting oxides, conductor oxidate or complex oxide, comprise silica, aluminium oxide, manganese oxide, chromium oxide, iron oxide, titanium oxide, cupric oxide, zinc oxide, BiO ₂or Y ₂o ₃.

Preferably, the lower surface of described first frictional layer upper surface and/or the second frictional layer is distributed with the micro-structural of micron or secondary micron dimension;

Preferably, described micro-structural is selected from nano wire, nanotube, nano particle, nanometer rods, nanometer channel, micron trenches, nanocone, micron cone, nanosphere and micron chondritic;

Preferably, the lower surface of described first frictional layer upper surface and/or the second frictional layer has interspersing of nano material or coating;

Preferably, the lower surface of described first frictional layer upper surface and/or the second frictional layer is through chemical modification, and making in polarity is that positive material surface is introduced the functional group that easily loses electronics and/or is that negative material surface introduces the functional group easily obtaining electronics in polarity;

Preferably, the lower surface of described first frictional layer upper surface and/or the second frictional layer is through chemical modification, and making in polarity is that positive material surface is introduced positive charge and/or is that negative material surface introduces negative electrical charge in polarity;

Preferably, described first frictional layer is electric conducting material and unites two into one with described first conducting element, or described second frictional layer is electric conducting material and unites two into one with described second conducting element;

Preferably, the described electric conducting material forming described first frictional layer or the second frictional layer is selected from metal and conductive oxide;

Preferably, described metal is selected from gold, silver, platinum, aluminium, nickel, copper, titanium, chromium or selenium, and the alloy formed by above-mentioned metal;

Preferably, described first conducting element and/or the second conducting element are selected from metal and conductive oxide;

Preferably, described first conducting element and/or the second conducting element are selected from gold, silver, platinum, aluminium, nickel, copper, titanium, chromium or selenium, and the alloy formed by above-mentioned metal;

Preferably, 1 described first component and 1 described second component is comprised;

Preferably, comprise 1 described first component and 2 described second components, wherein said first component is made up of described first frictional layer conducted electricity, and 2 described second components lay respectively at the both sides up and down of described first frictional layer;

Preferably, the second frictional layer in 2 described second components, compared with described first frictional layer, has identical friction electrode sequence trend.

The present invention also provides a kind of generating set, is made up of, it is characterized in that 2 any one generators aforementioned: described 2 generators are staggered relatively, makes two second components face-to-face and has certain intervals;

Preferably, described 2 generators are identical;

Preferably, the first component of described 2 generators is parallel to each other;

Preferably, between the first component of described 2 generators, shape has angle;

Preferably, the direction of described 2 generators is identical.

The present invention also provides a kind of stratiform generating set, it is characterized in that by more than 2 aforesaid generating sets longitudinally superposition form, and connector be set between the first component of two adjacent generator groups make the two be connected;

Preferably, described connector is made up of insulating material;

Preferably, the first component of all described generating sets is all parallel;

Preferably, in all described generating sets, the direction of generator is all identical;

Preferably, the generator in all described generating sets is all identical;

Preferably, 2 that contact with each other in all adjacent generator groups described first frictional layers are electric conducting material, and the two are united two into one and become shared first frictional layer;

Preferably, described first frictional layer that shares, compared with the second frictional layer of its both sides, has identical friction electrode sequence trend.

Compared with prior art, wind-force friction nanometer power generator of the present invention has following advantages:

1, brand-new structural design makes wind energy micro generation come true.Generator of the present invention make use of the Bending Deformation of elastomeric material and this deformation dexterously on the impact of gas flow, successfully achieve the object that the power source changed by aperiodicity drives friction nanometer power generator normally to work first, thus prepare the micro wind turbine generator that may be used for various field.

2, the efficiency utilization of energy.Traditional wind-driven generator must the natural wind of more than three grades could drive, and generator of the present invention gets final product work under slight wind disturbance.When being particularly used on some device, the device air-flow produced that moves itself can being utilized to drive, make generator of the present invention can collect more diversified energy, and not by the impact of weather condition, realize the efficiency utilization of energy.

3, structure simply, light and handy portable and highly compatible.Wind-driven generator of the present invention is without the need to assemblies such as windmill, gearbox, governor, generators, structure is simple, and volume is very little, easy to make, with low cost, can be arranged on various microelectronic device, without the need to special operational environment, therefore there is very high compatibility.

4, of many uses.By carrying out physical modification or chemical modification to the upper surface of the first frictional layer in generator and the lower surface of the second frictional layer, introduce nanostructured pattern or be coated with nano material etc., the contact charge density produced when can also improve friction nanometer power generator work further, thus improve the fan-out capability of generator.Therefore, generator of the present invention as mini power source, also can not only can be used for Electricity Generation simultaneously.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Shown in accompanying drawing, above-mentioned and other object of the present invention, Characteristics and advantages will be more clear.Reference numeral identical in whole accompanying drawing indicates identical part.Deliberately do not draw accompanying drawing by actual size equal proportion convergent-divergent, focus on purport of the present invention is shown.

Fig. 1 is a kind of typical structure schematic diagram of wind-force friction nanometer power generator of the present invention, and wherein (a) is schematic appearance, and (b) is cross-sectional view, and (c) and (d) is the structural representation under wind-force effect;

Fig. 2 is the generalized section of the electricity generating principle of wind-force friction nanometer power generator of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the another kind of typical structure schematic diagram of wind-force friction nanometer power generator of the present invention, wherein (a) is the situation that the first frictional layer and the first conducting element unite two into one, b () is the situation that the second frictional layer and the second conducting element unite two into one, (c) is the situation that two generators share conduction first frictional layer;

Fig. 4 is the typical structure schematic diagram of the wind-force friction nanometer power generator of band baffle plate of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the structural representation of generator shown in Fig. 4 under wind-force effect;

Fig. 6 is a kind of typical structure schematic diagram of wind-force friction nanometer power generator group of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is the structural representation of generating set shown in Fig. 6 under wind-force effect;

Fig. 8 is the typical structure schematic diagram of stratiform wind-force friction nanometer power generator group of the present invention, and wherein (a) is the identical situation in all generator directions, the situation that the direction that (b) is generator is different;

Fig. 9 is the another kind of typical structure schematic diagram of stratiform wind-force friction nanometer power generator group of the present invention;

Figure 10 is the another kind of typical structure schematic diagram of stratiform wind-force friction nanometer power generator group of the present invention;

Figure 11 is the another kind of typical structure schematic diagram of stratiform wind-force friction nanometer power generator group of the present invention;

Figure 12 is the another kind of typical structure schematic diagram of stratiform wind-force friction nanometer power generator group of the present invention;

Figure 13 is the single-ended fixing typical structure schematic diagram of wind-force friction nanometer power generator first component of the present invention;

Figure 14 for wind-force friction nanometer power generator of the present invention hair-dryer provide, drive under the wind speed of 5m/s and light 80 commercial LED bulb live-pictures.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described.Obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making the every other embodiment obtained under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.

Secondly, the present invention is described in detail in conjunction with schematic diagram, and when describing the embodiment of the present invention in detail, for ease of illustrating, described schematic diagram is example, and it should not limit the scope of protection of the invention at this.

The invention provides a kind of by wind energy transformation be electric energy, the simple friction nanometer power generator of structure, the power supply of coupling can be provided for microelectronic device.Friction nanometer power generator of the present invention produces the phenomenon of surface charge transfer when make use of the material that there are differences in the polarity rubbed in electrode sequence, the changes mechanical energy produced by wind-force is electric energy.

" friction electrode sequence " described in the present invention, refer to the sequence carried out according to the attraction degree of material to electric charge, the moment that bi-material is contacting with each other, negative electrical charge is transferred to from the material surface of friction electrode sequence Semi-polarity calibration the material surface that friction electrode sequence Semi-polarity comparatively bears on the contact surface.Up to now, also do not have the mechanism of the explanation Charger transfer that a kind of unified theory can be complete, it is generally acknowledged, this Charger transfer is relevant with the surface work function of material, realizes Charger transfer by the transfer on the contact surface of electronics or ion.It should be noted that, friction electrode sequence is a kind of statistics based on experience, namely bi-material differs far away in the sequence, the probability that the positive negativity that after contact, institute produces electric charge and this sequence are consistent is larger, and the result of reality is subject to the impact of many factors, such as material surface roughness, ambient humidity and whether have Relative friction etc.

" contact electric charge " described in the present invention, refer to the material that there are differences two kinds of friction electrode sequence polarity in contact friction and after being separated its surface with electric charge, it is generally acknowledged, this electric charge is only distributed in the surface of material, and distribution depth capacity is only about 10 nanometers.It should be noted that, the symbol of contact electric charge is the symbol of net charge, namely may there is the aggregation zone of negative electrical charge in the some areas with the material surface just contacting electric charge, but the symbol of whole net surface charge is just.

In the present invention, " direction of generator " refers to the plane that is parallel to generator first frictional layer and perpendicular to the direction of the length of side be fixed in the second conducting element.

Fig. 1 is a kind of typical structure of wind-force friction nanometer power generator of the present invention.Comprise first component and the second component that elastic bending deformation can occur from bottom to up successively, wherein first component comprises the first conducting element 11, contacts with described first conducting element 11 upper surface the first frictional layer 10 placed, second component comprise place with described first frictional layer 10 opposite the second frictional layer 20, fixedly contact with the second frictional layer 20 upper surface the second conducting element 21 placed; Wherein second component is a curved surface and is fixed on the upper surface of the first frictional layer 10 in first component by two ends, thus make between the upper surface of the lower surface of the second frictional layer 20 and the first frictional layer 10, to form arch space (see Fig. 1-a and Fig. 1-b), for enabling this space be kept, the second component entirety be made up of the second frictional layer 20 and the second conducting element 21 of its upper surface should have the characteristic of elastic bending deformation; When wind blows over nano generator, second component bends deformation under the action of the forces of the wind, the lower surface of the second frictional layer 20 is contacted with the upper surface generating portion of the first frictional layer 10 and forms contact friction face, and when wind direction is different, the position that deformation occurs is different, cause the area in this contact friction face and position also different, Fig. 1-c and Fig. 1-d illustrates 2 kinds of more typical Bending Deformation modes; When the abatement of wind or wind vector cause the power acted on the second frictional layer 20 and the second conducting element 21 to weaken, the elasticity of self makes the two partly or entirely restore to the original state, or position and the mode of deformation change, the contact friction face formed before causing disappears because of the local detachment of the first frictional layer 10 and the second frictional layer 20, therefore the area of contact friction changes, thus exports the signal of telecommunication by the first conducting element 11 and the second conducting element 21 to external circuit.For the situation shown in Fig. 1-c, even if wind speed is constant, after wind vertically blows to second component, direction can be changed spread apart along the surface of second component to surrounding, so just form the air-flow parallel with second component, this air-flow can cause the forced vibration of second component, i.e. flutter, cause the separation between two frictional layers and contact, thus form the output of electric current.

For convenience of description, typical structure below with reference to Fig. 1 describes principle of the present invention, the selection principle of each parts and material ranges, but these contents are also not only confined to the embodiment shown in Fig. 1 obviously, but may be used for all technical schemes disclosed in this invention.

Generation and output due to this generator signal of telecommunication are realized by the contacting of the first frictional layer 10 and the second frictional layer 20-separation process, therefore the operation principle of generator is only described for the partial enlarged drawing of the two contact site herein, make whole process more clear, specifically see Fig. 2.Under the initial condition not having external force, due to the elasticity of the second frictional layer 20 in second component and/or the second conducting element 21 itself, between the first frictional layer 10 and the second frictional layer 20, there is certain interval (see step A in Fig. 2).When there being wind out-of-date, having part masterpiece is used on second component, second frictional layer 20 and the second conducting element 21 are bent deformation, thus the second frictional layer 20 is contacted with the first frictional layer 10, because these two frictional layers are formed by the material with friction electrode sequence difference respectively, therefore there is surface charge transfer in the moment of contact, form layer of surface contact electric charge (see step B in Fig. 2).According to the relative position of material in friction electrode sequence of the first frictional layer 10 and the second frictional layer 20, second frictional layer 20 surface produces positive charge, and the first frictional layer 10 surface produces negative electrical charge, the electricity size of two kinds of electric charges is identical, therefore between the first conducting element 11 and the second conducting element 21, do not have electrical potential difference, just there is no flow of charge yet.When causing the flutter of the second frictional layer when changing with the intensity of the interactional air-flow of the second frictional layer 20 and/or direction, under the elastic reaction of the second frictional layer 20 and/or the second conducting element 21, first frictional layer 10 starts to be separated with the second frictional layer 20, the first component be now made up of the first conducting element 11 and the first frictional layer 10 has clean surplus negative electrical charge, and the second component that the second conducting element 21 and the second frictional layer 20 are formed has clean surplus positive charge, therefore between the first conducting element 11 and the second conducting element 21, create electrical potential difference.For balancing this electrical potential difference, electronics flows into the first conducting element 11 by external wire by the second conducting element 21, thus produce by the transient current (see Fig. 2 in step C) of the first electrode layer to the second electrode lay at external circuit, when the first frictional layer 10 gets back to initial position, spacing between it and the second frictional layer 20 reaches maximum, the electric charge of the two all reaches balance, between the first conducting element 11 and the second conducting element 21, there is no electrical potential difference, just do not have electric current to produce (in see Fig. 2 D step) at external circuit yet.When wind-force acts on once again, due to the pitch smaller of the first conducting element 11 and the second frictional layer 20, the positive charge on the second frictional layer 20 surface strengthens the repulsive interaction of positive charge in the first conducting element 11, simultaneously the negative electrical charge on the first frictional layer 10 surface also strengthens the sucking action of positive charge in the second conducting element 21, cause thus producing between the first conducting element 11 and the second conducting element 21 with it front to contrary electrical potential difference.For balancing this electrical potential difference further, electronics flows into the second conducting element 21 by external circuit by the first conducting element 11, thus produces the transient current (see Fig. 2 in step e) contrary with first time direction at external circuit.Continue after applying makes its and the second frictional layer 20 come in contact, just to repeat again the situation of B-E step above when acting on the external force on the first frictional layer.This shows, generator of the present invention can work prerequisite be wind itself have direction, the polytropy of size and the interaction between elastic material and wind, the effective pressure acted on the second frictional layer 20 can be changed, can realize constantly being contacting and separating between the first frictional layer 10 and the second frictional layer 20, form pulse electrical signal and outwards export.

By the operation principle that the present invention provides above, those skilled in the art can clearly realize that the working method of wind-force friction nanometer power generator, thus can understand the selection principle of each component materials.Below provide the selectable range of each component materials being suitable for all technical schemes in the present invention, concrete selection can be done according to actual needs when practical application, thus reach the object of regulating generator output performance.

First frictional layer 10 and the second frictional layer 20 are made up of the material with differentiated friction electrical characteristics respectively, described differentiated friction electrical characteristics mean that the two is in different positions in friction electrode sequence, thus make the two can produce contact electric charge on surface in the process that friction occurs.Conventional high molecular polymer all has triboelectric characteristics, all as the material preparing the present invention first frictional layer 10 and the second frictional layer 20, can enumerate the macromolecule polymer material that some are conventional: polytetrafluoroethylene herein, dimethyl silicone polymer, polyimides, poly-diphenyl propane carbonic ester, PETG, aniline-formaldehyde resin, polyformaldehyde, ethyl cellulose, polyamide, melamino-formaldehyde, polyethylene glycol succinate, cellulose, cellulose ethanoate, polyethylene glycol adipate, polydiallyl phthalate, regenerated fiber sponge, polyurethane elastomer, styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer copolymer, styrene-butadiene-copolymer, staple fibre, polymethacrylates, polyvinyl alcohol, polyester, polyisobutene, polyurethane flexible sponge, PETG, polyvinyl butyral resin, phenolic resins, neoprene, butadiene-propylene copolymer, natural rubber, polyacrylonitrile, poly-(vinylidene chloride-co-acrylonitrile), polyethylene third diphenol carbonate, polystyrene, polymethyl methacrylate, Merlon, polymeric liquid crystal copolymer, polychlorobutadiene, polyacrylonitrile, poly-biphenol carbonic ester, CPPG, polytrifluorochloroethylene, polyvinylidene chloride, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride and Parylene.Reason as space is limited; can not carry out exhaustive to all possible material; only list several concrete polymeric material herein from people's reference; but obviously these concrete materials can not become the restrictive factor of scope; because under the enlightenment of invention, those skilled in the art is easy to the material selecting other similar according to the triboelectric characteristics that these materials have.

Relative to insulator, semiconductor and metal all have the triboelectric characteristics easily losing electronics, and in the list of friction electrode sequence, normal and macromolecular material differs larger.Therefore, semiconductor and metal also can as the raw materials of preparation first frictional layer 10 or the second frictional layer 20.Conventional semiconductor comprises silicon, germanium; IIIth and the Vth compounds of group, such as GaAs, gallium phosphide etc.; IIth and the VIth compounds of group, such as cadmium sulfide, zinc sulphide etc.; And the solid solution to be made up of III-V compounds of group and II-VI compounds of group, such as gallium aluminum arsenide, gallium arsenic phosphide etc.Except above-mentioned Crystalline Semiconductors, also have amorphous glass semiconductor, organic semiconductor etc.Non-conductive oxide, conductor oxidate and complex oxide also have triboelectric characteristics, surface charge can be formed at friction process, therefore also frictional layer of the present invention can be used as, the such as oxide of manganese, chromium, iron, copper, also comprises silica, manganese oxide, chromium oxide, iron oxide, cupric oxide, zinc oxide, BiO ₂and Y ₂o ₃; Conventional metal comprises gold, silver, platinum, aluminium, nickel, copper, titanium, chromium or selenium, and the alloy formed by above-mentioned metal.Certainly, other materials with conductive characteristic can also be used to serve as the frictional layer material easily losing electronics, the semiconductor of such as indium tin oxide ITO, doping and conductive organic matter.Wherein, conductive organic matter is generally conducting polymer, comprises from polypyrrole, polyphenylene sulfide, poly-phthalocyanine-like compound, polyaniline and/or polythiophene.

When using electric conducting material as frictional layer, conducting element and frictional layer can be united two into one, preparation section can be simplified like this, reduce costs, be more conducive to industrial promotion and application.Execution mode such as shown in Fig. 3, wherein Fig. 3-a is that the first frictional layer 10 of being prepared by electric conducting material and the first conducting element 11 unite two into one, concrete structure comprises first component and the second component of elastic bending deformation can occur, wherein first component comprises the first frictional layer 10 of conduction, and second component comprises the second frictional layer 20 of placing with described first frictional layer 10 opposite and fixedly contacts with the second frictional layer 20 upper surface the second conducting element 21 placed; Wherein second component is a curved surface and is fixed on the upper surface of the first frictional layer 10 in first component by two ends, thus makes to form arch space between the upper surface of the lower surface of the second frictional layer 20 and the first frictional layer 10.Fig. 3-b is that the second frictional layer 20 and the second conducting element 21 are combined into one deck, specifically comprise first component and the second component that elastic bending deformation can occur, wherein first component comprises the first conducting element 11 and to fit the first frictional layer 10 placed with the first conducting element 11 upper surface, and second component comprises the second frictional layer 20 of the conduction of placing with described first frictional layer 10 opposite; Wherein second component is a curved surface and is fixed on the upper surface of the first frictional layer 10 in first component by two ends, thus makes to form arch space between the upper surface of the lower surface of the second frictional layer 20 and the first frictional layer 10.Fig. 3-c is the situation that two generators share the first frictional layer 10 of a conduction, the contact electric charge produced to prevent two surfaces of the first frictional layer 10 shared at this due to electrically different and mutual in, should guarantee that this first frictional layer 10 shared is compared with the second frictional layer 20 of its both sides, there is identical friction electrode sequence trend, if namely the first frictional layer 10 has the friction electrode sequence of calibration compared to the second frictional layer 20 on the upside of it, so also there is relative to the second frictional layer 20 on the downside of it friction electrode sequence of calibration.When meeting this condition, the second frictional layer of upper and lower both sides can be the same or different.

Found through experiments, when the first frictional layer 10 and the second frictional layer 20 material electronic capability difference larger (namely far away in the difference of the position in electrode sequence that rubs) time, the signal of telecommunication of generator output is stronger.So, according to actual needs, suitable material can be selected prepare the first frictional layer 10 and the second frictional layer 20, to obtain better output effect.There is the preferred polystyrene of material of negative polarity friction electrode sequence, polyethylene, polypropylene, poly-diphenyl propane carbonic ester, PETG, polyimides, polyvinyl chloride, dimethyl silicone polymer, polytrifluorochloroethylene and polytetrafluoroethylene and Parylene, comprise Parylene C, Parylene N, Parylene D, Parylene HT or Parylene AF4, there is the preferred aniline-formaldehyde resin of friction electrode sequence material of positive polarity, polyformaldehyde, ethyl cellulose, polyamide nylon 11, polyamide nylon 66, wool and fabric thereof, silk and fabric thereof, paper, polyethylene glycol succinate, cellulose, cellulose acetate, polyethyleneglycol adipate, polydiallyl phthalate, regenerated cellulosic sponge, cotton and fabric thereof, polyurethane elastomer, styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer, Styrene-Butadiene, wood, hard rubber, acetate, staple fibre, polymethyl methacrylate, polyvinyl alcohol, polyester, copper, aluminium, gold, silver and steel.

Physical modification can also be carried out to the first frictional layer 10 upper surface and/or the second frictional layer 20 lower surface, its surface distributed is made to have the micro structure array of micron or secondary micron dimension, to increase the contact area between the first frictional layer 10 and the second frictional layer 20, thus increase the contact quantity of electric charge.Concrete method of modifying comprises photoengraving, chemical etching and plasma etching etc.Also can by nano material intersperse or the mode of coating realizes this object.

Also can carry out chemical modification to the surface of the first frictional layer 10 contacted with each other and/or the second frictional layer 20, the transfer amount of electric charge at Contact can be improved further, thus improve the power output of contact charge density and generator.Chemical modification is divided into again the following two kinds type:

A kind of method is the first frictional layer 10 and the second frictional layer 20 material for contacting with each other, in the easier betatopic functional group of material surface introducing (namely strong to electron cloud) that polarity is positive, or be the functional group (strong electrophilic group) that negative material surface introduces the electronics that is more easy to get in polarity, the transfer amount of electric charge when mutually sliding can both be improved further, thus improve the power output of triboelectric charge density and generator.Comprise to electron cloud by force: amino, hydroxyl, alkoxyl etc.; Strong electrophilic group comprises: acyl group, carboxyl, nitro, sulfonic group etc.The introducing of functional group can the conventional method such as using plasma surface modification.The gaseous mixture of oxygen and nitrogen such as can be made under certain power to produce plasma, thus introduce at frictional layer material surface amino.

Another method is that positive frictional layer material surface introduces positive charge in polarity, and be that negative frictional layer material surface introduces negative electrical charge in polarity.Specifically can be realized by the mode of chemical bonding.Such as, the method for hydrolysis-condensation (English is abbreviated as sol-gel) can be utilized on PDMS frictional layer surface to modify upper tetraethoxysilane (English is abbreviated as TEOS), and make it electronegative.Also the bond of gold-sulphur can be utilized on metallic gold thin layer to modify the golden nanometer particle of upper surface containing softex kw (CTAB), because softex kw is cation, therefore whole frictional layer can be made to become positively charged.Those skilled in the art can according to the kind of the receiving and losing electrons character of frictional layer material and surface chemistry key, and select suitable decorative material bonded thereto, to reach object of the present invention, therefore such distortion is all within protection scope of the present invention.

In order to ensure that the second component formed by the second frictional layer 20 and the second conducting element 21 has the elasticity of flexible deformation, preferably the second frictional layer 20 is flexible, is more preferably flexible, and the Young's modulus of preferred materials is between 10MPa to 10GPa.When the second frictional layer does not have elasticity, overall elasticity can be realized by the second conducting element 21 on it, because general thin metal layer all has the elasticity of Bending Deformation.Thickness for the second frictional layer 20 is selected, and generally considers its elasticity and mechanical strength two aspect, preferably film or thin layer, be specifically as follows 10nm-5mm, preferred 100nm-2mm, more preferably 1 μm-800 μm, these thickness are all applicable to technical schemes all in the present invention.If the second frictional layer 20 and the second conducting element 21 all do not possess elasticity, it is also conceivable to adhere at the upper surface of the second conducting element 21 material that elastic bending deformation can occur one deck, such as rubber sheets etc., are given the elasticity of second component by this additional materials.

The maximum height d in the arch gap formed between the second frictional layer 20 and the first frictional layer 10 depends primarily on the elasticity of wind-force size in use and second component entirety, as long as the wind-force be applied on generator can make second component that the elastic deformation of enough degree occurs, thus the second frictional layer 20 can contact with the first frictional layer 10 generating portion.Experimental result show, when contact area is identical, d value increase, the output performance of generator can be improved, preferred d value between 0.1mm-5mm, more preferably at 0.2mm-3mm.Therefore, the elasticity improving second component optimizes an important channel of generator performance beyond doubt.

For the fixed form of second component, although shown in Fig. 1 is the upper surface both sides being fixed on the first frictional layer 10 by the two ends of the second frictional layer 20, but in fact this fixed position does not have particular determination, in order to improve fixing strong degree, the two ends of the second frictional layer 20 can also be clipped between the first frictional layer 10 and the first conducting element 11, or be clipped between the first conducting element and other support component, if there is additional support component.Fixing mode directly can adopt bonding or additional nip part.For when also comprising the optional features such as such as supporting layer in first component and/or second component, can also be fixed by these optional features.

First frictional layer 10 can be hard material, also flexible material can be selected, because the maintenance of its plane only must not rely on the characteristic of himself, can also realize by installation environment when the first conducting element 11 or practical application, its thickness has no significant effect enforcement of the present invention, the present invention preferably the first frictional layer 10 is film or thin layer, and thickness is 10nm-5mm, preferred 100nm-2mm.

First conducting element 11 and the second conducting element 21, as two electrodes of generator, as long as possess the characteristic that can conduct electricity, can be selected from metal, conductive oxide or conductive organic matter.Conventional metal comprises gold, silver, platinum, aluminium, nickel, copper, titanium, chromium or selenium, and the alloy formed by above-mentioned metal; Conventional conductive oxide comprises the semiconductor of indium tin oxide ITO and ion doping type; Conductive organic matter is generally conducting polymer, comprises from polypyrrole, polyphenylene sulfide, poly-phthalocyanine-like compound, polyaniline and/or polythiophene.

Be not particularly limited the thickness of the first conducting element 11, range of choices is 10nm-1cm, is preferably 50nm-2mm, is preferably 100nm-1mm; And the second conducting element 21 is preferably thin layer or film, to make it have the better elasticity of flexure, preferred thickness is 10nm-1mm, more preferably 500nm-500 μm.The frictional layer intimate surface contact that conducting element is best and corresponding, to ensure the efficiency of transmission of electric charge, good mode electric conducting material is passed through the surface filming of mode at corresponding frictional layer of deposition; Concrete deposition process can be electron beam evaporation, solutions, plasma sputtering, magnetron sputtering or evaporation.

The mode that first conducting element 11 and the second conducting element 21 are connected with external circuit can be connected with external circuit by wire or metallic film.

In order to ensure the mechanical strength of this generator, supporting layer can be set in the upper surface contact of the lower surface of the first conducting element and/or the second conducting element, be preferably insulating material or semi-conducting material, such as plastic plate, silicon chip or silicon thin layer etc.

Fig. 4 is the another kind of typical structure of wind-force nano generator of the present invention.This generator is made up of the nano generator shown in 1 Fig. 1 and one piece of baffle plate 30, concrete structure comprises first component, the second component that elastic bending deformation can occur and baffle plate 30, wherein first component comprises the first conducting element 11 and contacts with described first conducting element 11 upper surface the first frictional layer 10 placed, second component comprise place with described first frictional layer 10 opposite the second frictional layer 20, fixedly contact with the second frictional layer 20 upper surface the second conducting element 21 placed; Wherein second component is a curved surface and is fixed on the upper surface of the first frictional layer 10 in first component by two ends, thus makes to form arch space between the upper surface of the lower surface of the second frictional layer 20 and the first frictional layer 10; Described baffle plate 30 and the bending face-to-face interval of second component are placed, and make described second component between described baffle plate 30 and described first component, and form gas channel between described second component and baffle plate 30.When there being air-flow by this gas channel, because second component is bending, and there is elastic deformability, can make the air-flow passed through in this air flue, form inverse Pressure Drop, thus (see Fig. 5-a) is had an impact to air force, the elastic deformation that this impact remakes conversely for second component makes it change (see Fig. 5-b), constitute a kind of malformation and the interactive so-called aeroelasticity phenomenon of air force, make the second frictional layer 20 generating period and unconspicuous deformation, be flutter, very similar with the wave phenomenon of flying upward of the flag in wind.In the process of flutter, second frictional layer 20 completes with the localized contact-separation process of the first frictional layer 10 (as A point is separated from touching, B point is from being separated to contact), thus make between the first conducting element 11 and the second conducting element 21, have the signal of telecommunication produce and carry to external circuit.Form the coupling that the Fundamentals of flutter are air force, elastic force and inertia force three, wherein elastic force and inertia force determine with the character of material itself, when frequency and the second component of flutter, when particularly the natural frequency of the second frictional layer 20 and/or the second conducting element 21 itself is identical, resonance can be formed, make the flutter amplitude of second component reach maximum, the signal of telecommunication that nano generator produces is also the strongest.

In execution mode shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 3, the generating set shown in Fig. 4 is all applicable to the various restrictions of the first frictional layer 10, first conducting element 11, second frictional layer 20 and the second conducting element 21, therefore repeats no more.Space D in this generator between baffle plate 30 and the second conducting element 21 ₁, mainly jointly determined by the modulus of elasticity of second component and the thickness of second component, range of choices is 10 μm of-1cm, preferably 100 μm of-2mm, is preferably 500 μm of-1mm.

The effect of baffle plate 30 is only to provide the stop member of a gas flow, can select various material, such as insulating material, semiconductor, conductor.Also not limiting its thickness, can be slab, can be also thin plate or thin layer, and be preferably hard, the elastomeric material that entirety has some strength is also passable.Can also stereochemical structure be made on its surface in the face of the side of the second conducting element 21 or set up accessory, to adjust the turbulent extent of air-flow, the flutter amplitude of the second frictional layer 20 and the second conducting element 21 and frequency are increased, improves the output performance of generator.The selection of stereochemical structure and accessory can design according to gas dynamical principle, such as, arrange multiple projection or guiding gutter.

Fig. 6 is a kind of typical structure of wind-force nanometer generating unit of the present invention.This generating set is made up of the nano generator shown in 2 Fig. 1, concrete structure is: be made up of 2 generator units, wherein said generator unit comprises first component and the second component of elastic bending deformation can occur, wherein first component the first frictional layer 10 of comprising the first conducting element 11, directly fitting with described first conducting element upper surface, second component comprises the second frictional layer 20, and the second frictional layer 20 upper surface second conducting element 21 of directly fitting placed with described first frictional layer 10 opposite; Wherein second component is a curved surface and is fixed on the upper surface of the first frictional layer 10 in first component by two ends, thus makes to form arch space between the upper surface of the lower surface of the second frictional layer 20 and the first frictional layer 10; Described 2 generator units are staggered relatively, and make two the second conducting elements 21 face-to-face and have certain intervals, this interval is gas channel.Similar with the execution mode shown in Fig. 4, due to the out-of-flatness on this gas channel surface and the elastic bending deflection of second component, make the second component in 2 generator units air-flow by time all can there is chatter phenomenon, thus achieve the contact-separation process (see Fig. 7) of the second frictional layer 20 and the first frictional layer 10 local, between 2 the first conducting elements 11 and the second conducting element 21, therefore all there is the signal of telecommunication produce and carry to external circuit.Equally, when frequency and the second component of flutter, time especially identical with the natural frequency of the second frictional layer 20 and/or the second conducting element 21 itself, resonance can be formed, make the flutter amplitude of second component reach maximum, the signal of telecommunication that nano generator produces is also the strongest.

Two the nano generator unit forming this generating set can be identical, also can be different.The situation using different generators to be particularly useful for gas flow rate to change, because gas flow rate can affect the flutter frequency of second component, the natural frequency of one of them generator second component can be made identical or close with the flutter frequency formed under high gas flow rate with crossing design, another generator then has the natural frequency second component identical or close with the flutter frequency formed under low gas flow rate.The signal of telecommunication of generator can be made like this under gas with various flow velocity can both to reach the state comparing optimization.

Space D in this generating set between two generator units ₂, mainly jointly determined by the modulus of elasticity of two generator unit second components and the thickness of second component, range of choices is 10 μm of-5cm, preferably 100 μm of-1mm, is preferably 500 μm of-5mm.

Fig. 8 is the another kind of exemplary embodiment of generating set of the present invention, longitudinally be formed by stacking by the generating set shown in 3 Fig. 6, and between the generating set shown in every two Fig. 6, add insulating element 40, make two adjacent the first conducting elements 11 form insulation and connect.This insulating element 40 can adopt conventional various insulating material, preferably has certain hardness or elasticity, can realize isolation features.Its form can be plate or film, shape can be strip, column (see Fig. 8-b), can also identical with the shape of the first conducting element 11 (see Fig. 8-a), size and quantity those skilled in the art can select as the case may be, as long as meet the condition can isolating adjacent conducting elements.

In present embodiment, the stacked system of 3 generating sets has a variety of, and wherein shown in Fig. 8-a is the parallel up and down and situations being superimposed as row in the same way of all 3 generating sets; Shown in Fig. 8-b to be also that 3 generating sets are parallel be up and down superimposed as row, but the generating set direction of centre is vertical with other two generating sets, this mode is more suitable for the situation of air-flow from different directions.Because generator of the present invention, when airflow direction is identical with generator direction, has maximum generating efficiency.So, according to the direction of air-flow, the generator of superposition can be put according to different directions, then when airflow direction can be made to change, still can the drive part generator of maximal efficiency, make generating set can ensure electric current and export.Obviously; although Fig. 8-b illustrate only the vertical situation in the direction of different generator; but the direction of in fact each generator can form any angle as required, this does not have any technological difficulties in actual mechanical process, and therefore these distortion are all in the protection range of the application.

Although the size of each generator illustrated in fig. 8, material composition is all identical, because each generator works alone, in fact so each generator can adopt different materials and size completely, to meet the output requirement of different loads to the signal of telecommunication.And the number of the generator of composition generating set also can freely adjust, it can be odd number, also can be odd number, the two ends that must not limit generating set must be with the first conducting element 11 for terminal, also can with the second bending conducting element 21 for terminal.

Fig. 9 is the another kind of exemplary embodiment of generating set of the present invention, embodiment shown in primary structure with Fig. 8-a is identical, difference is that the first frictional layer 10 of 2 relative generator units is not placement parallel to each other, but shape has a certain degree, still realize insulation with insulating element 40 between two adjacent generator units and connect.The advantage of this design is the utilance of the air-flow that can increase different directions.In order to form effective gas channel, the angle formed between 2 the first frictional layers 10 placed face-to-face should be acute angle.According to different needs, the Direction of superposition of each generator also can be different, are similar to the structure of Fig. 8-b.Visible, the various descriptions for generating set shown in Fig. 8 are all applicable to the execution mode shown in Fig. 9, repeat no more herein.

Figure 10 and Figure 11 is other two kinds of exemplary embodiment of generating set of the present invention, similar with the execution mode shown in Fig. 8 and Fig. 9 respectively, difference is only that the first frictional layer 10 of each generator is electric conducting material, because omitted herein the setting of the first conducting element 11, between adjacent two the first conducting elements 11, also forming insulation with insulating element 40 connect.Various restrictions for Fig. 8 and Fig. 9 are all applicable to the execution mode shown in Figure 10 and Figure 11.

Figure 12 shows the more simple generating set of a kind of structure, this generating set is made up of the generator shown in multiple Fig. 3-a, be specially: to be placed in the mode at the second interval, conducting element 21 opposite by 2 generators and form a generating set unit, multiple such generating set unit longitudinally superposes and is united two into one by the first frictional layer that contact with each other 2 are made up of electric conducting material, two namely adjacent generating set units shareds first frictional layer 102.The contact electric charge produced to prevent two surfaces of the first frictional layer 102 shared at this due to electrically different and mutual in, should guarantee that the first frictional layer 102 that this shares is compared with 203 with the second frictional layer 202 of its both sides, there is identical friction electrode sequence trend, if namely the first frictional layer 102 has the friction electrode sequence of calibration compared to the second frictional layer 202 on the upside of it, so also there is relative to the second frictional layer 203 on the downside of it friction electrode sequence of calibration.Having 2 class second frictional layers in Figure 12, is the second frictional layer 201 on two-terminal generator respectively, and shares the second frictional layer 202 and 203 in the generator of first frictional layer 102; Also there are 2 class first frictional layers, is the first frictional layer 101 be positioned on the generator at two ends and the first frictional layer 102 shared by two generators respectively.Wherein, the selection of the first frictional layer 101 and 102 pairs of materials does not have correlation, the two can be the same or different, and the first frictional layer 101 being particularly in two ends can also use non-conducting material, but is necessary for electric conducting material by the first frictional layer 102 shared.Meanwhile, the second frictional layer 201 on two-terminal generator does not have correlation with the second frictional layer 202 and 203 on middle generator on Material selec-tion yet, and preferably the second frictional layer 202 is identical with the material of 203.

Figure 13 is the another kind of exemplary embodiment of wind-driven generator of the present invention, substantially identical with the structure shown in Fig. 1, difference is only that the second component of the generator shown in Fig. 1 is that two ends are fixed on first component, second component in the present embodiment then only has one end to be fixed on first component, the other end is free end, be specially: comprise first component and the second component that elastic bending deformation can occur, wherein first component comprises the first conducting element 11, and first frictional layer 10 of directly fitting with described first conducting element 11 upper surface; Second component comprises the second frictional layer 20, and second conducting element 21 of directly fitting with described second frictional layer upper surface; One end of second component is relative with first component fixing, and the first frictional layer 10 and the second frictional layer 20 face-to-face; The upper surface of at least part of first frictional layer 10 is formed with the lower surface of the second frictional layer 20 and contacts-separating cycle under the action of the forces of the wind, and exports the signal of telecommunication by described first conducting element and the second conducting element to external circuit.The second component entirety of the present embodiment has the elasticity of flexible deformation, when its one end fix, the other end can free movement time, can interact with the wind-force acting on its surface, thus generation chatter phenomenon, cause the contact (Figure 13-b) of the second frictional layer 20 and the first frictional layer 10 and be separated (Figure 13-a) and circulate.

Obviously, in embodiment shown in Fig. 1, the restriction of the materials and structures of part each in first component and second component is equally applicable to the generator of the present embodiment, and when the first frictional layer 10 or the second frictional layer 20 are electric conducting material, the generator of the present embodiment also can make structure similar to Figure 3, just the two ends of second component is fixedly changed into one end and fixes.

For the embodiment shown in Fig. 4 to Figure 12, also can replace the generator shown in Fig. 1 to form with the generator shown in Figure 13, but should be noted that when the structure shown in construction drawing 7 to Figure 12, the stiff end of the second component of two generators of face-to-face placement should, in the same side, avoid the free end of two second components to influence each other in the process of motion.

For above-mentioned all execution modes, conveniently use, and increase the mechanical strength of generator and generating set, extend its useful life, flexibility or rigid support element can also be set on the surface at another relative with the first frictional layer 10 of the first conducting element 11.Material for support component is not particularly limited, and preferably uses semiconductor or insulator.Equally, the second conducting element 21 does not have another surface of friction material also can arrange flexible support component, preferably this support component has elasticity, not affect the elastic bending deformation of the second frictional layer 20 and the second conducting element 21.

Embodiment 1

First conducting element adopts thickness to be the metal copper plate of 1mm, applying a layer thickness is thereon that Teflon (polytetrafluoroethylene) film of 25 microns is as the first frictional layer, second frictional layer and the second conducting element adopt thickness to be 40 μm, the metallic aluminium thin layer of long 5cm, wide 3cm, the two ends of this thin layer are fixed on the both sides of Teflon layer upper surface, make height of formation between metallic aluminum and Teflon layer be about the arch space of 2mm.Metal copper film layer and metallic aluminum are wired on external circuit, hair-dryer provides air-flow along generator direction, flow velocity is about 5m/s, obviously can see metallic aluminium thin layer generation flutter, make constantly to form contact-separating cycle between itself and Teflon layer, 80 commercial LED bulb can be driven luminous, specifically see the photo of Figure 14.

Because polytetrafluoroethylene has extremely negative polarity in friction electrode sequence, and the polarity calibration of metallic aluminium in electrode sequence, the combination of materials of the present embodiment is conducive to the output improving friction nanometer power generator.

Embodiment 2:

First frictional layer adopts Teflon (polytetrafluoroethylene) film, and the first conducting element adopts thickness to be the metal copper film of 200nm, is deposited on the first frictional layer by the first conduction original paper with the method for magnetron sputtering.Second frictional layer and the second conduction original paper adopt thickness to be 200nm, the metallic aluminium thin layer of long 5cm, wide 2.5cm, and with the method for magnetron sputtering, this second frictional layer and the second conduction original paper are deposited on thickness is at the polymer-based end of 25 μm.This substrate is polyimide film, and length is consistent with metallic aluminium thin layer with width.Adopt laser cutting preparation to be highly 2mm, long 2.5cm, the polymethyl methacrylate of wide 2mm is rectangular, and this is rectangularly fixed on Teflon layer upper surface.The one end of the polyimide film depositing metallic aluminium thin layer is fixed on this rectangular upper surface.Metal copper film layer and metallic aluminum are wired on external circuit, hair-dryer provides air-flow along generator direction, flow velocity is about 5m/s, obviously can see metallic aluminium thin layer generation flutter, makes constantly to form contact-separating cycle between itself and Teflon layer.

Embodiment 3

Using thickness be the dimethyl silicone polymer (English is abbreviated as PDMS) of 100 microns as the second frictional layer, deposit the metallic gold film that a layer thickness is about 100nm, as the second conducting element by the mode of magnetron sputtering thereon.Using thickness be the silicon chip of 500 μm as the first frictional layer, its lower surface be deposition on layer of metal silverskin, thickness is about 100nm.By the opposite side rotary coating last layer photoresist of silicon chip, the method for photoetching is utilized to form the square window array of the length of side in micron or secondary micron dimension on a photoresist; Silicon chip after photoetching being completed, through the chemical etching of overheated potassium hydroxide, forms pyramidal array of recesses at window place.And when contacting under the effect at air-flow of silicon chip and PDMS bi-material, because PDMS has good elasticity, it can enter and fill the sunk structure of silicon chip surface, thus increases the CONTACT WITH FRICTION area between silicon chip, can obtain better electric output effect.

Embodiment 4

The present embodiment only does modification to polytetrafluoroethylene film on the basis of embodiment 1, and other are all identical with embodiment 1, repeat no more herein.Inductively coupled plasma etching method is adopted to prepare nano-wire array in PolytetrafluoroethylFilm Film, first at the gold of ptfe surface by sputter deposition about 10 nanometer thickness, afterwards, polytetrafluoroethylene film is put into inductively coupled plasma etching machine, the one side depositing gold is etched, passes into O ₂, Ar and CF ₄gas, flow controls respectively at 10sccm, 15sccm and 30sccm, pressure controls at 15mTorr, working temperature controls at 55 DEG C, plasma is produced with the power of 400 watts, the power of 100 watts carrys out accelerate plasma, carries out the etching of about 5 minutes, and the length obtaining being basically perpendicular to insulating thin layer is about the high molecular weight ptfe nanometer stick array of 1.5 microns.

Embodiment 5

By the generator in 6 embodiments 1 up and down parallel, arrange in the same way, separate with the plastic plate that 2mm is thick between two generators that first conducting element is adjacent, and the first conducting element is glued the both sides at plastic plate, thus form the generating set shown in a Figure 10.When air-flow blows over this generating set along generator direction, each generator works simultaneously, all outwards can export the signal of telecommunication independently.

Wind-force friction nanometer power generator of the present invention can utilize kinetic energy to make generator produce electric energy, and for small-sized electric appliance provides power supply, and not needing the Power supplies such as battery, is a kind of generator easy to use.In addition, friction nanometer power generator preparation method of the present invention is easy, preparation cost is cheap, is a kind of friction nanometer power generator of having wide range of applications and generating set.

The above is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not does any pro forma restriction to the present invention.Any those of ordinary skill in the art, do not departing under technical solution of the present invention ambit, the Method and Technology content of above-mentioned announcement all can be utilized to make many possible variations and modification to technical solution of the present invention, or be revised as the Equivalent embodiments of equivalent variations.Therefore, every content not departing from technical solution of the present invention, according to technical spirit of the present invention to any simple modification made for any of the above embodiments, equivalent variations and modification, all still belongs in the scope of technical solution of the present invention protection.

Claims

1. a wind-force friction nanometer power generator, comprises first component and the second component that elastic bending deformation can occur, it is characterized in that:

The upper surface of described first frictional layer is formed with the lower surface of described second frictional layer and contacts-separating cycle at least partly under the action of the forces of the wind, and exports the signal of telecommunication by described first conducting element and the second conducting element to external circuit.

2. generator as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, has friction electrode sequence difference between the top surface of described first frictional layer and the lower surface material of described second frictional layer.

3. generator as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, one end of described second component is fixed on first component, and the other end is free end.

4. generator as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, the two ends of described second component are fixed on first component and make described second frictional layer form a curved surface, and form gap between the upper surface of described first frictional layer and the lower surface of described second frictional layer at least partly.

5. the generator as described in claim 3 or 4, is characterized in that, also comprises a baffle plate, and described baffle plate and the face-to-face interval of described second component are placed, and make described second component between described baffle plate and described first component.

6. generator as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that, described baffle plate is parallel with described first component.

7. generator as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, described baffle plate is having stereochemical structure or is setting up accessory on the surface of second component.

8. the generator as described in claim 1-4,6 or 7 any one, it is characterized in that, described second component is flexible, and Young's modulus is between 10MPa to 10GPa.

9. the generator as described in claim 1-4,6 or 7 any one, is characterized in that, described first frictional layer and/or the second frictional layer are insulating material or semi-conducting material.

10. generator as claimed in claim 9, it is characterized in that, described insulating material is selected from polytetrafluoroethylene, dimethyl silicone polymer, polyimides, poly-diphenyl propane carbonic ester, PETG, aniline-formaldehyde resin, polyformaldehyde, ethyl cellulose, polyamide, melamino-formaldehyde, polyethylene glycol succinate, cellulose, cellulose ethanoate, polyethylene glycol adipate, polydiallyl phthalate, regenerated fiber sponge, polyurethane elastomer, styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer copolymer, styrene-butadiene-copolymer, staple fibre, polymethacrylates, polyvinyl alcohol, polyester, polyisobutene, polyurethane flexible sponge, PETG, polyvinyl butyral resin, phenolic resins, neoprene, butadiene-propylene copolymer, natural rubber, polyacrylonitrile, poly-(vinylidene chloride-co-acrylonitrile), polyethylene third diphenol carbonate, polystyrene, polymethyl methacrylate, Merlon, polymeric liquid crystal copolymer, polychlorobutadiene, polyacrylonitrile, poly-biphenol carbonic ester, CPPG, polytrifluorochloroethylene, polyvinylidene chloride, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride and Parylene, described semi-conducting material is selected from silicon, germanium, the IIIth and the Vth compounds of group, the IIth and the VIth compounds of group, oxide, the solid solution be made up of III-V compounds of group and II-VI compounds of group, amorphous glass semiconductor and organic semiconductor.

11. generators as claimed in claim 10, it is characterized in that, described insulating material is selected from polystyrene, polyethylene, polypropylene, poly-diphenyl propane carbonic ester, PETG, polyimides, polyvinyl chloride, dimethyl silicone polymer, polytrifluorochloroethylene, polytetrafluoroethylene and Parylene; Described IIIth and the Vth compounds of group is selected from GaAs and gallium phosphide; Described IIth and the VIth compounds of group is selected from cadmium sulfide and zinc sulphide; Described oxide is selected from the oxide of manganese, chromium, iron or copper; The described solid solution be made up of III-V compounds of group and II-VI compounds of group is selected from gallium aluminum arsenide and gallium arsenic phosphide.

12. generators according to any one of claim 1-4,6,7,10 or 11, it is characterized in that, described first frictional layer and/or the second frictional layer are non-conducting oxides, conductor oxidate or complex oxide, comprise silica, aluminium oxide, manganese oxide, chromium oxide, iron oxide, titanium oxide, cupric oxide, zinc oxide, BiO ₂or Y ₂o ₃.

13. generators according to any one of claim 1-4,6,7,10 or 11, it is characterized in that, the lower surface of described first frictional layer upper surface and/or the second frictional layer is distributed with the micro-structural of micron or secondary micron dimension.

14. generators as claimed in claim 13, is characterized in that, described micro-structural is selected from nano wire, nanotube, nano particle, nanometer rods, nanometer channel, micron trenches, nanocone, micron cone, nanosphere and micron chondritic.

15. generators as claimed in claim 13, is characterized in that, the lower surface of described first frictional layer upper surface and/or the second frictional layer has interspersing of nano material or coating.

16. generators according to any one of claim 1-4,6,7,10,11,14 or 15, it is characterized in that, the lower surface of described first frictional layer upper surface and/or the second frictional layer is through chemical modification, and making in polarity is that positive material surface is introduced the functional group that easily loses electronics and/or is that negative material surface introduces the functional group easily obtaining electronics in polarity.

17. generators according to any one of claim 1-4,6,7,10,11,14 or 15, it is characterized in that, the lower surface of described first frictional layer upper surface and/or the second frictional layer is through chemical modification, and making in polarity is that positive material surface is introduced positive charge and/or is that negative material surface introduces negative electrical charge in polarity.

18. generators according to any one of claim 1-4,6,7,10,11,14 or 15, it is characterized in that, described first frictional layer is electric conducting material and unites two into one with described first conducting element, or described second frictional layer is electric conducting material and unites two into one with described second conducting element.

19. generators as claimed in claim 18, it is characterized in that, the described electric conducting material forming described first frictional layer or the second frictional layer is selected from metal and conductive oxide.

20. generators as claimed in claim 19, it is characterized in that, described metal is selected from gold, silver, platinum, aluminium, nickel, copper, titanium, chromium or selenium, and the alloy formed by above-mentioned metal.

21. generators according to any one of claim 1-4,6,7,10,11,14,15,19 or 20, it is characterized in that, described first conducting element and/or the second conducting element are selected from metal and conductive oxide.

22. generators as claimed in claim 21, it is characterized in that, described first conducting element and/or the second conducting element are selected from gold, silver, platinum, aluminium, nickel, copper, titanium, chromium or selenium, and the alloy formed by above-mentioned metal.

23. generators according to any one of claim 1-4,6,7,10,11,14,15,19,20 or 22, is characterized in that, comprise 1 described first component and 1 described second component.

24. generators according to any one of claim 1-4,6,7,10,11,14,15,19,20 or 22, it is characterized in that, comprise 1 described first component and 2 described second components, wherein said first component is made up of described first frictional layer conducted electricity, and 2 described second components lay respectively at the both sides up and down of described first frictional layer.

25. generators as claimed in claim 24, is characterized in that, the second frictional layer in 2 described second components, compared with described first frictional layer, has identical friction electrode sequence trend.

26. 1 kinds of wind-force friction nanometer power generator groups, are made up of 2 generators as described in any one of claim 1-25, it is characterized in that: described 2 generators are staggered relatively, make two second components face-to-face and have certain intervals.

27. generating sets as claimed in claim 26, is characterized in that, described 2 generators are identical.

28. generating sets as described in claim 26 or 27, it is characterized in that, the first component of described 2 generators is parallel to each other.

29. generating sets as described in claim 26 or 27, it is characterized in that, between the first component of described 2 generators, shape has angle.

30. generating sets as described in claim 26 or 27, it is characterized in that, the direction of described 2 generators is identical.

31. 1 kinds of stratiform wind turbine generator, it is characterized in that by the generating set described in more than 2 any one of claim 26-30 longitudinally superposition form, and connector be set between the first component of two adjacent generator groups make the two be connected.

32. stratiform wind turbine generator as claimed in claim 31, it is characterized in that, described connector is made up of insulating material.

33. stratiform wind turbine generator as described in claim 31 or 32, it is characterized in that, the first component of all described generating sets is all parallel.

34. stratiform wind turbine generator as described in claim 31 or 32, it is characterized in that, in all described generating sets, the direction of generator is all identical.

35. stratiform wind turbine generator as described in claim 31 or 32, it is characterized in that, the generator in all described generating sets is all identical.

36. stratiform wind turbine generator as described in claim 31 or 32, it is characterized in that, 2 that contact with each other in all adjacent generator groups described first frictional layers are electric conducting material, and the two are united two into one and become shared first frictional layer.

37. stratiform wind turbine generator as claimed in claim 36, is characterized in that, described first frictional layer that shares, compared with the second frictional layer of its both sides, has identical friction electrode sequence trend.